I-admixtures yokunciphisa amanzi (i-WRA) kunye ne-superplasticizers yimixube yeekhemikhali ezisetyenziswa kwimixube yekhonkrithi ukuphucula ukusebenza kwayo kunye nokunciphisa umthamo wamanzi ngaphandle kokuchaphazela amandla emveliso yokugqibela. Kule ngcaciso ineenkcukacha, siza kujonga nzulu umahluko phakathi kwezi ntlobo zimbini zezongezo, sijonge izithako zazo, iindlela zokwenza, iinzuzo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kushishino lokwakha.
A.1. I-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi (WRA):
Umxube wokunciphisa amanzi, owaziwa ngokuba yi-plasticizer okanye i-admixture yokunciphisa amanzi, yingxube yeekhemikhali eyenzelwe ukunciphisa umthamo wamanzi afunekayo kumxube wekhonkrithi ngaphandle kokuchaphazela kakubi iimpawu zayo. Ezi arhente ikakhulu zisebenza njenge-dispersants, ziququzelela ukusasazwa kwamaqhekeza e-samente kunye nokukhuthaza ukuhanjiswa kwe-hydration engcono. Injongo ephambili ye-WRA kukuphucula ukusebenza kwekhonkrithi ngokunciphisa umlinganiselo wamanzi-samente, onokukhokelela kwiinzuzo ezahlukeneyo ngexesha lokwakha.
2. Imisebenzi:
I-WRAs ngokuqhelekileyo i-organic compounds efana ne-lignosulfonates, i-sulfonated melamine formaldehyde (SMF), i-sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde (SNF), kunye ne-polycarboxylate ethers (PCE).
I-Lignosulfonates ivela kwi-pulp yokhuni kwaye enye yeentlobo zokuqala zokunciphisa amanzi.
I-SMF kunye ne-SNF ziipolima zokwenziwa ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino.
I-PCE yi-WRA yanamhlanje eyaziwa ngokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kunye nokuguquguquka.
3. Indlela yokwenza:
Umatshini ubandakanya i-adsorption ye-agent yokunciphisa amanzi kumphezulu wamasuntswana e-samente, obangela ukuba la maqhekeza ahlakazeke.
Oku kusasazwa kunciphisa amandla e-interparticle, okubangela ukuguquguquka okungcono kunye nokusebenza komxube wekhonkrithi.
4. Iinzuzo:
Ukuphucula ukusebenza: I-WRA iphucula ukuhamba kunye nokumpompa kwekhonkrithi, okwenza kube lula ukuyibeka kunye nokugqiba.
Ukunciphisa umxholo wokufuma: Ngokunciphisa umlinganiselo wamanzi-samente, i-WRA inceda ukwandisa amandla kunye nokuqina kwekhonkrithi eqinile.
Ukubambisana okungcono: Impembelelo yokusabalalisa i-WRA iphucula i-homogeneity yomxube, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukudibanisa kunye nokunciphisa ukuhlukana.
5.Isicelo:
I-WRA ingasetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lolwakhiwo olubambekayo olubandakanya iindawo zokuhlala, zorhwebo kunye neeprojekthi zeziseko zophuhliso.
Ziluncedo ngakumbi apho ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nesiqulatho sokufuma esisezantsi kubaluleke kakhulu.
B.1. Iarhente yokunciphisa amanzi ngobuchule obuphezulu:
Ii-superplasticizers, ezidla ngokubizwa ngokuba zii-superplasticizers, zimele udidi oluhambele phambili nolusebenzayo kudidi olubanzi lwee-superplasticizers. Ezi zongezo zibonelela ngobuchule obuphezulu bokunciphisa amanzi ngelixa ugcina okanye uphucula ezinye iimpawu ezinqwenelekayo zekhonkrithi.
2. Imisebenzi:
Iiarhente zokunciphisa amanzi ezikumgangatho ophezulu ziquka i-polycarboxylate ethers (PCE) kunye ne-polynaphthalene sulfonates elungisiweyo.
I-PCE iyaziwa ngokuyila kwayo imolekyuli evumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo lokusasazeka kunye nokunciphisa amanzi.
3. Indlela yokwenza:
Ngokufana ne-superplasticizers yendabuko, i-superplasticizers isebenza ngokubhengeza kwiincinci zesamente kunye nokubangela ukusabalalisa.
Isakhiwo se-molecular ye-PCE sivumela ukulawula okukhulu kunye nokuguquguquka ekufezekiseni iimpawu zokusebenza ezifunwayo.
4. Iinzuzo:
UkuNcitshiswa kwaManzi okuPhakamileyo: Ii-WRA ezisebenza kakuhle kakhulu zinokuwunciphisa ngokubonakalayo umthamo wamanzi, kaninzi zigqithise izakhono zee-WRAs eziqhelekileyo.
Ukusebenza okuphuculweyo: Ezi arhente zineempawu zokuqukuqela ezigqwesileyo kwaye zifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kwikhonkrithi ezenzelayo kunye nezinye izicelo ezifuna ukusebenza okuphezulu.
Ukugcinwa kwe-slump ephuculweyo: Ezinye ii-WRA ezisebenza ngokufanelekileyo zinokukwandisa ukugcinwa kwe-slump, ngokwandisa ixesha lokusebenza ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwekhonkrithi.
5.Isicelo:
Iisuperplasticizers zingasetyenziswa kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezicelo, kubandakanywa ikhonkrithi ephezulu, i-self-compacting concrete, kunye neeprojekthi ezineemfuno eziqinileyo zokuqina.
C. Umahluko ophambili:
1. Ukusebenza kakuhle:
Umahluko omkhulu kukusebenza kokunciphisa amanzi. Ukuhlaziywa kwamanzi asebenza kakuhle kakhulu kunokunciphisa umthamo wamanzi kakhulu kunezo zihlaziywayo zamanzi zemveli.
2. Uyilo lwemolekyuli:
I-WRAs ephezulu, ngakumbi ii-PCEs, zineedizayini eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-molecular ezivumela ukulawulwa ngokuchanekileyo kwemiphumo yokusabalalisa.
3. Ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwe-slump:
Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-WRA ngokubanzi kunokusebenza okungcono kunye nokukwazi ukugcina i-slump, kubenza balungele uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo eziphathekayo.
4. Iindleko:
Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-WRA kunokubiza kakhulu kune-WRA yemveli, kodwa ukusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kuthethelela ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwiiprojekthi ezithile ezifuna ukusebenza okuphezulu.
Imixube yokunciphisa amanzi kunye ne-superplasticizers idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwandiseni umxube wekhonkrithi. Ngelixa ii-WRAs eziqhelekileyo zisetyenziswe ngempumelelo iminyaka emininzi, ii-WRA ezisebenza ngokufanelekileyo, ngakumbi ii-PCE, zimele isisombululo esiphezulu esinikezela amandla aphezulu okunciphisa amanzi kunye neempawu zokusebenza eziphuculweyo. Ukhetho phakathi kwezi zibini luxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile zeprojekthi yokwakha kunye nebhalansi efunekayo phakathi kweendleko kunye nokusebenza.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-25-2024