I-Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) yi-derivative cellulose derivative esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino. Le polymer eguquguqukayo ivela kwi-cellulose, i-polysaccharide yendalo efumaneka kwiindonga zeeseli zezityalo. Ukuguqulwa kubandakanya ukuqaliswa kwamaqela e-anionic kwi-cellulose backbone, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa ukunyibilika kwamanzi kunye nokuphucula iimpawu ze-rheological. I-PAC enesiphumo ineempawu ezizodwa ezenza ukuba zixabiseke kwishishini leoli kunye negesi, imveliso yokutya, amayeza, kunye nokunye.
I-Cellulose i-polymer yomgca ehlanganiswe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kweeyunithi ze-glucose ezidityaniswe ngamabhondi e-β-1,4-glycosidic. Ininzi kwindalo kwaye iyinxalenye yolwakhiwo lweendonga zeeseli zezityalo. Nangona kunjalo, i-cellulose yendalo inokunyibilika okulinganiselweyo emanzini ngenxa yokuqina kwe-intermolecular hydrogen bond. Ukoyisa lo mda, i-cellulose ye-polyanionic yadityaniswa ngothotho lohlengahlengiso lweekhemikhali.
Indlela eqhelekileyo yokuveliswa kwePAC ibandakanya ukusabela kwe-etherification okanye i-esterification. Ngethuba lezi nkqubo, amaqela e-anionic, afana ne-carboxylate okanye amaqela e-sulfonate, angeniswa kwiintambo ze-cellulose. Oku kunika i-polymer intlawulo embi, iyenza i-soluble yamanzi kwaye inike iipropati ezizodwa. Iqondo lokutshintshwa okanye inani lamaqela e-anionic kwiyunithi nganye ye-glucose inokulungelelaniswa ukuze ilungele iipropati ze-PAC enesiphumo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zesicelo.
Esinye sezicelo eziphambili zePAC kushishino lwe-oyile negesi, apho lusetyenziswa njengesongezo esiphambili kulwelo lokomba. Ulwelo lokugrumba, olukwabizwa ngokuba ludaka, ludlala indima ephambili kwiindidi ngeendidi zenkqubo yokomba yeoli nerhasi, kuquka ukupholisa intwana yokomba, ukuhambisa izisikwa phezulu, kunye nokugcina uzinzo kwiqula. Ukongeza i-PAC kwi-drilling fluids ilawula iimpawu zayo ze-rheological, ezifana ne-viscosity kunye nokulahleka kolwelo. Isebenza njenge-tackifier, ikhusela izinto eziqinileyo ekuzinziseni nasekuqinisekiseni ukunqunyanyiswa okusebenzayo kulwelo.
Iimpawu ze-rheological zePAC zinokulungiswa kakuhle ukuphumeza ibhalansi efunekayo phakathi kwe-viscosity kunye nokulawulwa kwelahleko yolwelo. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kwimisebenzi yokomba phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nokwakheka kunye namaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo. Unyibiliko lwamanzi lwePAC lukwakwenza kube lula ukuxutywa nolwelo lokomba, kwaye uzinzo lwayo kuluhlu lweemeko ze-pH kuphucula ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwayo ebaleni.
Ukongeza kwindima yayo ekugrumbeni ulwelo, iPAC isetyenziswa kwizinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Kwishishini lokutya, isetyenziswa njenge-thickener kunye ne-stabilizer kwiimveliso ezinje ngokunxitywa kwesaladi, iisosi kunye neemveliso zobisi. Ikhono layo lokuphucula i-viscosity kunye nokulawula ukuthungwa kwenza ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu ekuqulunqweni apho ezi zakhiwo zibaluleke kakhulu.
Ishishini loxubo-mayeza likwasebenzisa ii-PAC njengabancedisi kuqulunqo lwamachiza. Inokuthi ifakwe kwiingubo zeepilisi kunye neefomyula ezilawulwayo zokukhululwa ukulungelelanisa amazinga okukhutshwa kweziyobisi. I-biocompatibility kunye ne-toxicity ephantsi ye-PAC igalelo ekwamkelweni kwayo kwizicelo zamayeza.
Ukongeza, iPAC ifumene izicelo kwiinkqubo zokucocwa kwamanzi. Ubume bayo be-anionic buvumela ukuba basebenzisane kunye neengqungquthela ezihlawulwe kakuhle, zinceda ukususa ukungcola emanzini. Kule meko, isebenza njenge-flocculant okanye i-coagulant, ikhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kweengqungquthela ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukususa nge-sedimentation okanye i-filtration.
Ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwayo ngokubanzi, imiba enokubakho kokusingqongileyo kunye nozinzo enxulumene nokuveliswa kunye nokulahlwa kwePAC kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo. Abaphandi kunye namashishini baqhubeka behlola i-chemistry eluhlaza kunye neminye imithombo ye-cellulose ukulungisa le miba.
I-Polyanionic cellulose ngumzekelo obalaseleyo wendlela ukuguqulwa kweekhemikhali kunokuguqula iipolymers zendalo zibe yizinto ezininzi ezisebenzayo kunye nezicelo ezahlukeneyo. Indima yayo kumashishini afana neoli kunye negesi, ukutya kunye namayeza abonisa ukuguquguquka kwayo kunye nokubaluleka okuqhubekayo kweemveliso ze-cellulose kwiinkqubo zanamhlanje zokuvelisa. Njengoko ubuchwephesha buhambela phambili kunye nesidingo sezisombululo ezizinzileyo sikhula, ukukhangela iindlela zokusingqongileyo zokuveliswa kwePAC kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqhubeke ukuphuhlisa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-19-2023