1. Isishwankathelo:
I-cellulose ether yi-polymer compound yendalo, i-chemical structure i-polysaccharide macromolecule esekelwe kwi-anhydrous β-glucose, kwaye kukho iqela eliphambili le-hydroxyl kunye namaqela amabini e-hydroxyl yesibini kwindandatho nganye yesiseko. Ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali, uchungechunge lwe-cellulose derivatives lunokufumaneka, kwaye i-cellulose ether yenye yazo. I-cellulose ether yimbumba ye-polymer enesakhiwo se-ether esenziwe nge-cellulose, njenge-methyl cellulose, i-ethyl cellulose, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, i-hydroxypropyl cellulose, i-carboxymethyl cellulose, njl. Ngokuqhelekileyo, inokufumaneka ngesenzo se-alkali cellulose kunye ne-monochloroalkane, i-ethylene oxide. , ipropylene oxide okanye i-monochloroacetic acid.
2. Ukusebenza kunye neempawu:
(1) Iimpawu zembonakalo
I-Cellulose ether ngokubanzi imhlophe okanye i-milky emhlophe, ayinavumba, ayinayo ityhefu, umgubo we-fibrous fluid, kulula ukufunxa ukufuma, kwaye inyibilika ibe yi-colloid ebonakalayo ebonakalayo emanzini.
(2) Ukwenziwa kwefilimu kunye nokunamathela
I-etherification ye-cellulose ether inempembelelo enkulu kwiimpawu zayo kunye nokusebenza kwayo, njengokunyibilika, ukukwazi ukwenza ifilimu, amandla okudibanisa kunye nokuxhathisa ityuwa. I-ether ye-cellulose inamandla amakhulu omatshini, ukuguquguquka, ukuxhathisa ukushisa kunye nokumelana nokubanda, kwaye ihambelana kakuhle neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-resin kunye ne-plasticizers, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza iiplastiki, iifilimu, i-varnishes, i-adhesives, i-latex kunye ne-Drug coating materials, njl.
(3) Ukunyibilika
I-Methylcellulose iyanyibilika emanzini abandayo, ayinyibiliki emanzini ashushu, kwaye iphinde inyibilike kwezinye izinyibilikisi zendalo; I-methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose iyanyibilika emanzini abandayo, ayinyibiliki emanzini ashushu kunye nezinyibilikisi eziphilayo. Nangona kunjalo, xa isisombululo se-aqueous se-methylcellulose kunye ne-methylhydroxyethylcellulose sishushu, i-methylcellulose kunye ne-methylhydroxyethylcellulose iya kudlula. I-Methylcellulose iyancipha kwi-45-60 ° C, ngelixa ukushisa kwemvula ye-mixed etherified methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose inyuka ukuya kwi-65-80 ° C. Xa iqondo lobushushu lithotyiwe, imvula iphinda ichitheke. I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose kunye ne-sodium carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose zinyibilika emanzini nakweliphi na iqondo lobushushu kwaye azinyibiliki kwizinyibilikisi zendalo.
(4) ukujiya
I-cellulose ether inyibilika emanzini kwifom ye-colloidal, kwaye i-viscosity yayo ixhomekeke kwinqanaba le-polymerization ye-cellulose ether. Isisombululo siqulethe i-hydrated macromolecules. Ngenxa yokuxinana kwee-macromolecules, ukuhamba kokuziphatha kwezisombululo kuyahluka kuleyo ye-Newtonian fluids, kodwa ibonisa ukuziphatha okutshintshayo kunye nokutshintsha kwamandla okucheba. Ngenxa yesakhiwo se-macromolecular ye-cellulose ether, i-viscosity yesisombululo ikhula ngokukhawuleza ngokunyuka koxinzelelo kwaye iyancipha ngokukhawuleza ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa.
Isicelo
(1) Ishishini lePetroleum
I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose isetyenziswa kakhulu ekutsalweni kwe-oyile, kwaye isetyenziselwa ukwenza udaka ukwandisa i-viscosity kunye nokunciphisa ilahleko yamanzi. Iyakwazi ukuxhathisa ukungcoliseka kwetyuwa enyibilikayo kwaye inyuse ukubuyiswa kweoli. I-sodium carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (i-NaCMHPC) kunye ne-sodium carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (NaCMHEC) zizixhobo ezilungileyo zokwemba udaka kunye nezixhobo zokulungiselela ulwelo olugqityiweyo, kunye nesantya esiphezulu se-slurrying kunye nokumelana netyuwa, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-anti-calcium, amandla okwandisa i-viscosity, ukumelana nobushushu. (160 ℃) ipropati. Kufanelekile ukulungiselela ulwelo lokomba lwamanzi amatsha, amanzi olwandle kunye namanzi anetyuwa ahluthisiweyo. Inokuqulunqwa ibe yincindi yokugrumba yobunzima obahlukeneyo (103-127g/cm3) phantsi kobunzima bekhalsiyam chloride, kwaye ine-viscosity ethile kunye nokulahleka kolwelo oluphantsi, isakhono sayo sokwandisa i-viscosity kunye nokulahleka kolwelo lokunciphisa amandla angcono kune-hydroxyethyl cellulose. , kwaye sisongezo esilungileyo sokwandisa imveliso yeoli.
I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose yi-cellulose ephuma kwi-cellulose esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwinkqubo yokukhutshwa kweoli. Isetyenziselwa ukugrumba ulwelo, ulwelo lwesamente, ulwelo lwefracturing kunye nokuphucula ukubuyiswa kwe-oyile, ngakumbi kulwelo lokomba. Ubukhulu becala idlala indima yokunciphisa ukulahleka kwamanzi kunye nokwandisa i-viscosity. I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) isetyenziswe njenge-agent yodaka kunye nokuzinzisa kwinkqubo yokugaya, ukugqitywa komthombo kunye nokufakwa kwesamente. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose kunye ne-guar gum, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose inesiphumo esihle sokuqina, ukunqunyulwa kwesanti eyomeleleyo, umthamo wetyuwa ephezulu, ukumelana nobushushu obulungileyo, ukumelana nokuxubana okuncinci, ilahleko encinci yolwelo, kunye nokuqhekeka kwejeli. Ibhlokhi, i-residu ephantsi kunye nezinye iimpawu, isetyenziswe ngokubanzi.
(2) Ishishini lokwakha kunye nepeyinti
I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ingasetyenziswa njenge-retarder, i-arhente yokugcina amanzi, i-thickener kunye ne-binder yokwakha i-masonry kunye ne-admixtures yodaka lodaka, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa njenge-plaster, udaka kunye nezixhobo zokulinganisa umhlaba kwisiseko segypsum kunye nesiseko sesamente Isetyenziswa njenge-dispersant, amanzi. i-arhente yokugcina kunye ne-thickener. I-masonry ekhethekileyo kunye ne-plastering mortar admixture eyenziwe nge-carboxymethyl cellulose, enokuphucula ukusebenza, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka kodaka, kwaye ugweme ukuqhekeka kunye ne-voids kudonga lwebhloko. igubu. Izixhobo zokuhombisa umphezulu wolwakhiwo uCao Mingqian kunye nabanye benze imathiriyeli yokuhombisa ehambelana nokusingqongileyo ukusuka kwi-methyl cellulose. Inkqubo yokuvelisa ilula kwaye icocekile. Ingasetyenziselwa udonga oluphezulu kunye nemigangatho yeetayili zamatye, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukuhlobisa umphezulu weentsika kunye nezikhumbuzo.
(3) Ishishini lemichiza yemihla ngemihla
I-viscosifier yozinziso ye-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose idlala indima yokusasazwa kunye nokumiswa kozinzo kwiimveliso zokuncamathelisa zemathiriyeli eyomeleleyo yomgubo, kwaye idlala indima yokuqina, ukusasaza kunye ne-homogenizing kulwelo okanye kwi-emulsion zokuthambisa. Ingasetyenziswa njenge-stabilizer kunye ne-tackifier. I-Emulsion stabilizers isetyenziswa njengeemulsifiers, thickeners kunye nezinzisi kwi-ointments kunye neshampu.I-sodium carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl celluloseinokusetyenziswa njenge-stabilizer ye-adhesives ye-toothpaste. Inezinto ezintle ze-thixotropic, eyenza i-toothpaste ibe yinto enhle kwi-formability, ukugcinwa kwexesha elide ngaphandle kokuguqulwa, kunye ne-uniform and delicate taste. I-sodium carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose inokumelana netyuwa ephezulu kunye nokumelana ne-asidi, kwaye umphumo wayo uphezulu kakhulu kune-carboxymethyl cellulose. Ingasetyenziswa njenge-thickener kwi-detergents kunye ne-anti-stain agent. I-Dispersion thickener ekuvelisweni kwee-detergents, i-sodium carboxymethylcellulose isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengento yokuchitha ukungcola kwi-washing powder, i-thickener kunye ne-dipersant ye-detergents yamanzi.
(4) Amayeza kunye neshishini lokutya
Kumashishini amayeza, i-hydroxypropyl carboxymethylcellulose (HPMC) ingasetyenziselwa njenge-excipient yeziyobisi, isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-matrix yomlomo elawulwayo yokukhutshwa kweziyobisi kunye namalungiselelo okukhululwa okuqhubekayo, njengento yokukhulula ukukhutshwa ukulawula ukukhutshwa kweziyobisi, njengento yokugubungela ukulibazisa Ukukhutshwa. ii-formulations, iipellets zokukhululwa okwandisiweyo, ii-capsules zokukhululwa okwandisiweyo. Ezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu yi-methyl carboxymethyl cellulose kunye ne-ethyl carboxymethyl cellulose, efana ne-MC, ehlala isetyenziselwa ukwenza iipilisi kunye ne-capsules, okanye ukugquma iipilisi ezifakwe iswekile. Ii-ethers zeselulosi zodidi oluphezulu zingasetyenziswa kushishino lokutya, kwaye zizityebi ezisebenzayo, izizinzi, izincedisi, iiarhente zokugcina amanzi kunye neearhente zokugawula amagwebu ngoomatshini ekutyeni okwahlukeneyo. I-Methyl cellulose kunye ne-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ziye zaqatshelwa njengezinto ezingenabungozi ngokwasemzimbeni. Ucoceko oluphezulu (ngaphezu kwe-99.5%) i-carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) inokongezwa ekutyeni, njengobisi kunye neemveliso ze-cream, i-condiments, i-jam, i-jelly, ukutya okusemathinini, isiraphu yetafile kunye neziselo. I-Carboxymethyl cellulose enobunyulu obungaphezulu kwe-90% ingasetyenziselwa kwimiba enxulumene nokutya, njengokuthutha kunye nokugcinwa kweziqhamo ezitsha. Olu hlobo lokusonga iplastiki lunoncedo lwesiphumo esihle sokugcina ngokutsha, ungcoliseko oluncinci, akukho monakalo, kunye nokuveliswa ngokulula koomatshini.
(5) Izinto ezisebenzayo zombane kunye nombane
I-Electrolyte thickening stabilizer inobunyulu obuphezulu be-cellulose ether, ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kwe-asidi kunye nokuxhathisa ityuwa, ngokukodwa isinyithi esisezantsi kunye nesiqulatho sesinyithi esinzima, ngoko i-colloid izinzile kakhulu, ilungele iibhetri zealkaline, iibhetri ze-zinc-manganese I-Electrolyte thickening stabilizer. Uninzi lwee-ether zeselulosi zibonisa ulwelo lwe-thermotropic crystallinity. IHydroxypropyl cellulose acetate yenza iikristale ze-thermotropic cholesteric liquid ezingaphantsi kwe-164°C.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-12-2023