I-Polyanionic Cellulose (PAC) yi-derivative ye-cellulose e-soluble yamanzi esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-oyile yokugaya, ngokukodwa ukulungiswa kwe-drilling fluid. Kuye kwaba yinto eyongezelelweyo ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokugaya i-drilling ngenxa yeempawu zayo eziphezulu, ezifana nokuphucula i-viscosity, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwamanzi, ukuzinza kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo.
1. Nciphisa ukulahleka kolwelo
Ukulawulwa kwelahleko ye-Fluid ngumsebenzi ophambili kwi-oyile yokugaya. Xa i-drilling fluid idibanisa ukubunjwa ngexesha lenkqubo yokugaya, inokubangela ukubunjwa kwekhekhe lodaka kunye nokuhlasela kwe-filtrate ekubunjweni, okubangela umonakalo wokwakheka kunye nokuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle. I-PAC inciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukulahleka kwamanzi kunye nokuhlaselwa kwe-filtrate ekubunjweni ngokwenza ifilimu ekhuselayo kwi-drilling fluid, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ukungcoliseka kokwakheka. Le propati inceda ukuphucula uzinzo lwe-wellbore kunye nokukhusela ukubunjwa kweoli kunye negesi.
Umgaqo
I-PAC inyibilika emanzini ukwenza isisombululo se-colloidal kunye ne-viscosity ephezulu. Xa i-drilling fluid idibanisa ukubunjwa, iimolekyuli zePAC zingenza ikeyiki yodaka eshinyeneyo kumphezulu wokwakheka ukuthintela ukungena ngakumbi kwisigaba solwelo. Le keyiki yodaka inokuguquguquka okuhle kunye nokuqina, kwaye inokumelana nokwahlukana okukhulu koxinzelelo, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ngempumelelo ilahleko yokuhluza.
2. Ukwandisa i-viscosity ye-drilling fluid
Ukwandiswa kweViscosity ngomnye umsebenzi obalulekileyo wePAC kulwelo lokomba. Ulwelo lwe-drilling kufuneka lube ne-viscosity ethile yokuthwala ukusika umva, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukucoceka komthombo kunye nokugcina ukuzinza kokomba. Njengesiphuculi se-viscosity, iPAC inokunyusa i-viscosity yolwelo lokomba, iphucule amandla olwelo lokomba ukuthwala ukusika, kunye nokukhuthaza ukubuya kunye nokukhutshwa kokusikwa.
Umgaqo
Iimolekyuli zePAC zinyibilika kwi-drilling fluid ukwenza i-polymer chain structure, eyandisa ukuxhathisa kwangaphakathi kolwelo. Esi sakhiwo sinokwandisa kakhulu i-viscosity ebonakalayo kunye nexabiso lesivuno solwelo lokomba, kunye nokuphucula amandla ayo okuthwala kunye nokumisa ukusika. Ngaxeshanye, impembelelo yokuphucula i-viscosity yePAC isasebenza phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, kwaye ifanele ukugrunjwa kwequla elinzulu kunye neemeko zejoloji ezintsonkothileyo.
3. Ukuphucula uzinzo kwiqula
Uzinzo lwe-Wellbore ngumba ofuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ngexesha lokomba. Ulwelo lokomba kufuneka lukwazi ukuzinzisa udonga lomthombo ukuze luthintele ukudilika kodonga lomthombo. Iziphumo ezidityanisiweyo zePAC zokunciphisa ukuhluzwa kunye nokwandisa i-viscosity kulwelo lokomba lunokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo uzinzo lwe-wellbore.
Umgaqo
I-PAC ithintela ukugrumba ulwelo ekungeneni ekubunjweni ngokwenza umaleko wekeyiki yodaka oluqinileyo kumphezulu wodonga lwequla. Ngelo xesha, i-viscosity yayo inokunyusa ukunamathela kwendawo yodonga lomthombo kunye nokunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-microcracks ekubunjweni, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukuzinza komatshini we-wellbore. Ukongeza, i-PAC inokuphucula kwakhona i-thixotropy ye-drilling fluid, ukwenzela ukuba yenze amandla axhasayo aqinileyo xa imile, kwaye igcine i-fluidity efanelekileyo xa iqukuqela, ngakumbi ukuzinzisa udonga lomthombo.
4. Iimpawu zokukhusela indalo
Ngokuphuculwa kweemfuno zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, iikhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa ukugrumba ulwelo kufuneka zibe nokusebenza kakuhle kokusingqongileyo. I-PAC yimveliso elungisiweyo ye-cellulose yendalo, ene-biodegradability efanelekileyo kunye ne-toxicity ephantsi, ehlangabezana neemfuno zokukhusela indalo.
Umgaqo
I-PAC yimveliso eguqulwe ngamachiza esekelwe kwi-cellulose yendalo, ayinayo izinto ezinobuthi, kwaye inokutshatyalaliswa yi-microorganisms kwindawo yendalo. Xa kuthelekiswa neepolima zokwenziwa, iPAC inempembelelo encinci kokusingqongileyo kwaye ihambelana ngakumbi neemfuno zokomba oluhlaza. Olu phawu lunika inzuzo ecacileyo kwiindawo ezibuthathaka ngokusingqongileyo kunye nokugrumba ngaphandle konxweme.
5. Ubushushu kunye nokumelana netyuwa
Kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu kunye netyuwa eninzi, udongwe lwendabuko kunye neepolymers zihlala zinzima ukugcina uzinzo lwe-drilling fluids, ngelixa i-PAC ibonisa ubushushu obuhle kunye nokuxhathisa ityuwa kwaye inokugcina ukusebenza kwe-drilling fluids kwiindawo ezinzima.
Umgaqo
Amaqela e-anionic (afana namaqela e-carboxyl) angeniswa kwisakhiwo semolekyuli yePAC. La maqela angatshintshisa i-ion kunye ne-ion yetyuwa kwindawo enetyuwa eninzi ukuze kugcinwe ukuzinza kwesakhiwo se-molecular. Kwangaxeshanye, i-PAC inozinzo oluphezulu lwe-thermal kwaye ayiyi kuthotywa kakhulu phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphezulu, iqinisekisa i-viscosity kunye nesakhono sokulawula ukuhluzwa kolwelo lokomba. Ke ngoko, iPAC ineziphumo ezigqwesileyo zokusetyenziswa kwi-slurries yamanzi etyuwa kunye namaqula obushushu obuphezulu.
6. Lungiselela ukugrumba ulwelo rheology
I-Rheology ibhekiselele ekuhambeni kunye neempawu zokuguqula ulwelo lokomba phantsi kwamandla okucheba. I-PAC inokuhlengahlengisa i-rheology yokwemba ulwelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba banesakhono esihle sokuthwala ilitye kwaye inokuqukuqela ngokukhululekileyo kumthombo ngexesha lokomba.
Umgaqo
I-PAC isebenzisana namanye amacandelo kulwelo lokomba ukwenza ubume bothungelwano oluntsonkothileyo kunye nokulungelelanisa ixabiso lesivuno kunye neempawu zokucheba ezibhityileyo zolwelo lokomba. Esi siphumo sokulawula senza ukuba ulwelo lokomba lubonise umthamo ofanelekileyo wokuthwala ilitye kunye ne-fluidity ngexesha lenkqubo yokomba, ngakumbi kwiindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi kunye nemithombo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
7. Uhlalutyo lwemeko
Kwizinto ezibonakalayo, iPAC isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokomba zokwemba. Umzekelo, kwiprojekthi yokomba onzulu, kwasetyenziswa ulwelo lokugrumba olusekelwe emanzini oluqulathe iPAC. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba iPAC inciphise ngokumandla ilahleko yokuhluzwa kolwelo lokomba, yomeleza uzinzo lomthombo, yaphucula ukugrumba okusebenzayo, yaze yehlisa izinga leengozi zemingxuma ezibangelwa kukubunjwa kongcoliseko. Kwangaxeshanye, iPAC iphinde yaqhuba kakuhle ekugrumbeni elwandle, kwaye isenakho ukulawula ngokusebenzayo ukusebenza kolwelo lokomba phantsi kwetyuwa eninzi kunye neemeko zobushushu obuphezulu ukuqinisekisa inkqubela phambili egudileyo yemisebenzi yokomba.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-cellulose ye-polyanionic kwi-oyile yokugaya ibonakaliswe ngokukodwa kwiimpawu zayo ezintle zokunciphisa ukulahleka kokucoca, ukwandisa i-viscosity, ukuphucula ukuzinza kwe-wellbore kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kumanzi asekelwe kumanzi kunye ne-oyile yokugaya i-oyile ayiphuculi nje kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-drilling kunye nokunciphisa izinga leengozi ze-downhole, kodwa ibuye ibe nobungane bendalo kwaye inceda ukufezekisa injongo yokugaya okuluhlaza. Phantsi kweemeko ezintsonkothileyo zejoloji kunye nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nemo engqongileyo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ubushushu bePAC kunye nokuxhathisa kwetyuwa kuqaqambisa ngakumbi ukubaluleka kwayo ekwembeni i-oyile. Ke ngoko, i-polyanionic cellulose ikwindawo ebaluleke kakhulu kwitekhnoloji yale mihla yokomba ioyile.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-14-2024