I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) yipolymer ebalulekileyo enyibilikayo emanzini edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwembeni ioli. Njengemveliso ye-cellulose eneempawu ezizodwa kunye neekhemikhali, i-HEC isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-oilfield drilling kunye neeprojekthi zokuvelisa ioli.
1. Iimpawu ezisisiseko ze-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)
I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) i-non-ionic yamanzi e-soluble polymer compound efunyenwe ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali ze-cellulose yendalo. Ngokuzisa amaqela e-hydroxyethyl kwisakhiwo se-molecular of cellulose, i-HEC ine-hydrophilicity enamandla, ngoko inokuchithwa emanzini ukwenza isisombululo se-colloidal kunye ne-viscosity ethile. I-HEC inesakhiwo esizinzile se-molecular, ukumelana nobushushu obuqinileyo, iipropati zemichiza ye-inert ngokwentelekiso, kwaye ayinayo ityhefu, ayinavumba, kwaye inokuhamba kakuhle kwe-biocompatibility. Ezi mpawu zenza i-HEC ibe yinto efanelekileyo yokudibanisa imichiza kwi-oyile yokugaya.
2. Inkqubo ye-HEC kwi-oyile yokugaya
2.1 Ukulawula i-drilling fluid viscosity
Ngexesha lokomba i-oyile, ulwelo lokugrumba (olukwaziwa njengodaka lokwemba) lulwelo olubalulekileyo olusebenzayo, olusetyenziswa ikakhulu ukupholisa nokuthambisa intwana yokomba, ukuthwala izisika, ukuzinzisa udonga lwequla, kunye nokuthintela ukuvuthuza. I-HEC, njenge-thickener kunye ne-rheology modifier, inokuphucula ukusebenza kwayo ngokulungelelanisa i-viscosity kunye neempawu ze-rheological ze-drilling fluid. Emva kokuba i-HEC inyibilika kwi-drilling fluid, yenza isakhiwo senethiwekhi esinamacala amathathu, ephucula kakhulu i-viscosity ye-drilling fluid, ngaloo ndlela iphucula umthamo wokuthwala isanti ye-drilling fluid, iqinisekisa ukuba ukusika kunokukhutshwa ngokufanelekileyo kwi-drilling fluid. emazantsi equla, kunye nokuthintela ukuvaleka kwequla.
2.2 Uzinzo eludongeni lwequla kunye nothintelo lokuwa kwequla
Well uzinzo eludongeni ngumba obaluleke kakhulu kubunjineli bokomba. Ngenxa yobunzima besakhiwo se-stratum esingaphantsi komhlaba kunye nokwahlukana koxinzelelo olwenziwe ngexesha lokugaya, udonga lomthombo luhlala luxhomekeke ekuweni okanye ukungazinzi. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-HEC kwi-drilling fluid kunokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo amandla okulawula ukuhluzwa kolwelo lokomba, ukunciphisa ilahleko yokuhluzwa kolwelo lokomba ukuya kubunjwa, emva koko yenze ikeyiki yodaka exineneyo, iplagi ngokufanelekileyo iintanda ezincinci zodonga lomthombo, kwaye ithintele kakuhle udonga ukusuka ekungazinzini. Esi siphumo sibaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni ingqibelelo yodonga lomthombo kunye nokuthintela ukuwa kakuhle, ngakumbi kwiifom ezinobungqina obunamandla.
2.3 Inkqubo yesigaba esomeleleyo esisezantsi kunye neenzuzo zokusingqongileyo
Isixa esikhulu samasuntswana aqinileyo adla ngokudityaniswa kwinkqubo yolwelo lokomba yemveli ukuphucula i-viscosity kunye nokuzinza kwe-drilling fluid. Nangona kunjalo, amasuntswana aqinileyo athanda ukunxitywa kwisixhobo sokomba kwaye anokubangela ungcoliseko lwedama kwimveliso ye-oyile elandelayo. Njenge-thickener esebenzayo, i-HEC inokugcina i-viscosity efanelekileyo kunye neempawu ze-rheological ze-drilling fluid phantsi kweemeko eziphantsi komxholo oqinileyo, ukunciphisa ukuguga kwezixhobo, kunye nokunciphisa umonakalo kwi-reservoir. Ukongeza, i-HEC inokonakala kwezinto eziphilayo kwaye ayiyi kubangela ungcoliseko oluhlala luhleli kokusingqongileyo. Ke ngoko, ngeemfuno ezingqongqo zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo namhlanje, iingenelo zesicelo se-HEC zicace ngakumbi.
3. Izinto eziluncedo ze-HEC kwi-oyile yokomba
3.1 Ukunyibilika kakuhle kwamanzi kunye nesiphumo sokuqina
I-HEC, njenge-polymer e-soluble yamanzi, ine-solubility efanelekileyo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zomgangatho wamanzi (njengamanzi amnandi, amanzi etyuwa, njl.). Oku kwenza ukuba i-HEC isetyenziswe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zejoloji ezintsonkothileyo, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinetyuwa eninzi, kwaye isenokugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kokuqina. Impembelelo yayo yokuqina ibalulekile, enokuthi iphucule ngokufanelekileyo iipropathi ze-rheological ze-drilling fluid, ukunciphisa ingxaki yokubekwa kwe-cuttings, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.
3.2 Ubushushu obugqwesileyo kunye nokumelana netyuwa
Kwi-drilling enzulu kunye ne-ultra-deep-deep, iqondo lokushisa lokubunjwa kunye noxinzelelo luphezulu, kwaye i-drilling fluid ichaphazeleka lula ngokushisa okuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu kwaye ilahlekelwa ukusebenza kwayo kwasekuqaleni. I-HEC inesakhiwo esizinzile se-molecular kwaye inokugcina i-viscosity kunye neempawu ze-rheological kumaqondo aphezulu kunye noxinzelelo. Ukongezelela, kwiindawo zokubunjwa kwe-sanity ephezulu, i-HEC isenokugcina isiphumo esihle sokuqina ukukhusela i-drilling fluid ekugxininiseni okanye ukuchithwa ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-ion. Ke ngoko, i-HEC inobushushu obugqwesileyo kunye nokumelana netyuwa phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zejoloji kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kumaqula anzulu kunye neeprojekthi ezinzima zokomba.
3.3 Ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kokuthambisa
Iingxaki zefriction ngexesha lokomba zikwayinto ebalulekileyo echaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kokomba. Njengenye yezinto zokuthambisa kwi-drilling fluid, i-HEC inokunciphisa kakhulu i-friction coefficient phakathi kwezixhobo zokugaya kunye neendonga zamaqula, ukunciphisa ukunxiba kwezixhobo, kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo zokugaya. Olu phawu lubalasele ngakumbi kwimingxuma ethe tye, imingxuma ethambekele kunye nezinye iintlobo zamaqula, ezinceda ekunciphiseni ukwenzeka kokungaphumeleli komngxuma kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle ngokubanzi.
4. Ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kunye nezilumkiso ze-HEC
4.1 Indlela yokudosa kunye nolawulo lokuxinana
Indlela ye-dosing ye-HEC ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusasazeka kwayo kunye nefuthe lokutshatyalaliswa kwi-drilling fluid. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-HEC kufuneka yongezwe ngokuthe ngcembe kwi-drilling fluid phantsi kweemeko ezikhuthazayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba inokunyibilika ngokulinganayo kwaye igweme i-agglomeration. Kwangaxeshanye, ukugxininiswa kokusetyenziswa kwe-HEC kufuneka kulawulwe ngokufanelekileyo ngokwemiqathango yokubunjwa, ukugrumba iimfuno zokusebenza kwamanzi, njl. ngelixa uxinaniso lusezantsi kakhulu lusenokungakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo ukutyeba kunye neziphumo zokuthambisa. Ngoko ke, xa usebenzisa i-HEC, kufuneka iphuculwe kwaye ilungiswe ngokwemiqathango yangempela.
4.2 Ukuhambelana nezinye izongezo
Kwiinkqubo ze-drilling fluid, iindidi zezongezo zekhemikhali zihlala zongezwa ukuphumeza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ke ngoko, ukuhambelana phakathi kwe-HEC kunye nezinye izongezo zikwayinto ekufuneka iqwalaselwe. I-HEC ibonisa ukuhambelana kakuhle kunye nezinto ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zokwemba ezongezo zamanzi ezifana nokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi, i-lubricant, i-stabilizers, njl., Kodwa phantsi kweemeko ezithile, ezinye izongezo zinokuchaphazela umphumo wokuqina okanye ukunyibilika kwe-HEC. Ngoko ke, xa uyila ifomula, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ngokubanzi intsebenziswano phakathi kwezongezo ezahlukeneyo ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kunye nokuhambelana kokusebenza kolwelo.
4.3 Ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nonyango lolwelo olulahlwayo
Ngokunyuka kwemithetho engqongqo yokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, ukulunga kokusingqongileyo kolwelo lokomba ngokuthe ngcembe kuye kwaqwalaselwa. Njengesixhobo esine-biodegradability elungileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-HEC kunokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukungcoliseka kolwelo lokomba kwindalo esingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokugqitywa kokugaya, ulwelo olulahlwayo oluqukethe i-HEC lusafuna ukuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuphepha iziphumo ezibi kwindawo engqongileyo. Kwinkqubo yonyango lwenkunkuma yolwelo, iindlela zonyango lwenzululwazi ezifana nokubuyiswa kolwelo lwenkunkuma kunye nokuthotywa kufuneka zamkelwe ngokudityaniswa nemigaqo yokhuselo lwendawo kunye neemfuno zobugcisa zokuqinisekisa ukuba impembelelo yokusingqongileyo iyancitshiswa.
I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugrunjweni kweoli. Ngokunyibilika kwayo okugqwesileyo kwamanzi, ukuqina, ubushushu kunye nokumelana netyuwa kunye nefuthe lokuthambisa, ibonelela ngesisombululo esithembekileyo sokuphucula ukusebenza kolwelo lokomba. Ngaphantsi kweemeko zejoloji ezintsonkothileyo kunye neendawo zokusebenza ezirhabaxa, ukusetyenziswa kwe-HEC kunokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukugrumba, ukunciphisa ukunxiba kwezixhobo, kunye nokuqinisekisa uzinzo lwe-wellbore. Ngokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kobugcisa boshishino lweoyile, amathuba okusetyenziswa kwe-HEC ekugrumbeni ioyile aya kuba banzi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-20-2024