I-Synthesis kunye neempawu ze-cellulose e-ether superplasticizer enyibilikayo

Ukongezelela, i-cotton cellulose yayilungiselelwe kwinqanaba le-Ling-off degree of polymerization kwaye yaphendulwa nge-sodium hydroxide, i-1,4 monobutylsulfonolate (1,4, butanesultone). I-sulfobutylated cellulose ether (SBC) ene-solubility efanelekileyo yamanzi yafunyanwa. Iziphumo zobushushu bokusabela, ixesha lokuphendula kunye nomlinganiselo wezinto ezikrwada kwi-butyl sulfonate cellulose ether zafundwa. Iimeko zokusabela ezifanelekileyo zifunyenwe, kwaye isakhiwo semveliso sibonakaliswe yi-FTIR. Ngokufunda umphumo we-SBC kwiipropati ze-cement paste kunye nodaka, kufumaniseke ukuba imveliso inefuthe elifanayo lokunciphisa amanzi kwi-naphthalene series yokunciphisa amanzi, kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi kubhetele kunochungechunge lwe-naphthalene.i-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi. I-SBC eneempawu ezahlukeneyo ze-viscosity kunye nomxholo wesulfure ineqondo elahlukileyo lokubuyiswa kwepropathi ye-samente intlama. Ke ngoko, i-SBC kulindeleke ukuba ibeyi-arhente ecutha amanzi ebambezelayo, ibambezele iarhente yokunciphisa amanzi esebenza ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nearhente yokunciphisa amanzi esebenzayo. Iipropathi zayo zichongwa ikakhulu yinkqubo yayo yeemolekyuli.

Amagama angundoqo:i-cellulose; Iqondo elilinganayo lepolymerization; I-butyl sulfonate cellulose ether; I-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi

Uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwekhonkrithi ephezulu yokusebenza kuhambelana ngokusondeleyo nophando kunye nophuhliso lwe-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi. Kungenxa yokubonakala kwe-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi ukuba ikhonkrithi inokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu, ukuqina okuhle kunye namandla aphezulu. Okwangoku, kukho ikakhulu ezi ntlobo zilandelayo arhente yokunciphisa amanzi ngempumelelo kakhulu esetyenziswa ngokubanzi: naphthalene series amanzi arhente yokunciphisa (SNF), sulfonated amine resin series amanzi arhente yokunciphisa (SMF), amino sulfonate series amanzi arhente yokunciphisa (ASP), lignosulfonate modified. series amanzi arhente yokunciphisa (ML), kunye polycarboxylic acid series amanzi arhente yokunciphisa (PC), nto leyo esebenzayo ngakumbi kuphando lwangoku. I-Polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer ineenzuzo zokuphulukana nexesha elincinci, idosi ephantsi kunye nolwelo oluphezulu lwekhonkrithi. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yexabiso eliphezulu, kunzima ukwenza abantu abaninzi baseTshayina. Ke ngoko, i-naphthalene superplasticizer isesona sicelo siphambili eTshayina. Uninzi lwama-agent okunciphisa amanzi asebenzisa i-formaldehyde kunye nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo ezinobunzima obuphantsi be-molecular weight, ezinokulimaza imo engqongileyo kwi-synthesis kunye nenkqubo yokusebenzisa.

Uphuhliso lwe-concrete admixtures ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe lujongene nokunqongophala kwezinto ezibonakalayo zeekhemikhali, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nezinye iingxaki. Indlela yokusebenzisa izibonelelo zendalo ezinokuthi zihlaziywe ngexabiso eliphantsi nezininzi njengemathiriyeli ekrwada ukuphuhlisa imixube yekonkrithi yokusebenza okuphezulu kuya kuba sisifundo esibalulekileyo sophando lwe-concrete admixtures. Isitashi kunye ne-cellulose ngabameli abaphambili bolu hlobo lwezibonelelo. Ngenxa yomthombo wabo obanzi wemathiriyeli ekrwada, enokuhlaziywa, kulula ukusabela ngayo kwezinye ii-reagents, izinto eziphuma kuzo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Okwangoku, uphando lwesitashi se-sulfonated njenge-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi yenze inkqubela ethile. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphando malunga nezinto eziphuma kwi-cellulose ezinyibilikayo emanzini njengee-arhente zokunciphisa amanzi nazo ziye zatsala umdla wabantu. U-Liu Weizhe et al. isetyenziselwe ifayibha yoboya njengomqhaphu njengemathiriyeli ekrwada ukwenza i-cellulose sulfate enobunzima obahlukeneyo bemolekyuli kunye nenqanaba lokuthatha indawo. Xa iqondo layo lokutshintshwa likuluhlu oluthile, lunokuphucula ubumanzi bodaka lwesamente kunye namandla omzimba wokuqinisa isamente. I-patent ithi ezinye izinto eziphuma kwi-polysaccharide ngokusabela kweekhemikhali ukwazisa amaqela anamandla e-hydrophilic, zinokufumaneka kwisamente ngokusasazwa kakuhle kwe-polysaccharide derivatives enyibilikayo yamanzi, njenge-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, i-carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, i-carboxymethyl sulfonate cellulose njalo njalo. Nangona kunjalo, uKnaus et al. ifumanise ukuba i-CMHEC ibonakala ingafanelekanga ukusetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi ekhonkrithi. Kuphela xa iqela le-asidi ye-sulfonic ifakwe kwi-CMC kunye ne-CMHEC iimolekyuli, kunye nobunzima bayo be-molecular 1.0 × 105 ~ 1.5 × 105 g / mol, inokuba nomsebenzi we-concrete arhente yokunciphisa amanzi. Kukho iimbono ezahlukeneyo malunga nokuba ezinye izinto eziphuma kwi-cellulose ezinyibilikayo emanzini zifanelekile ukuba zisetyenziswe njengeejenti zokunciphisa amanzi, kwaye kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-cellulose e-soluble derivatives yamanzi, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukwenza uphando olunzulu kunye nolucwangcisiweyo malunga nokudibanisa kunye ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezintsha ze-cellulose derivatives.

Kweli phepha, icotton cellulose isetyenziswe njengesixhobo sokuqala ukulungiselela i-polymerization degree cellulose, kwaye emva koko nge-sodium hydroxide alkalization, khetha ubushushu obufanelekileyo bokusabela, ixesha lokuphendula kunye ne-1,4 monobutyl sulfonolactone reaction, ukuqaliswa kweqela le-sulfonic acid kwi-cellulose. iimolekyuli, efunyenwe amanzi-enyibilikayo butyl sulfonic acid cellulose ether (SBC) uhlalutyo isakhiwo kunye nokulinga isicelo. Ithuba lokuyisebenzisa njenge-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi kwaxoxwa ngayo.

1. Linge

1.1 Iimathiriyeli ekrwada kunye nezixhobo

Umqhaphu ofunxayo; I-sodium hydroxide (i-analytical pure); I-Hydrochloric acid (i-36% ~ 37% isisombululo samanzi, i-analytically pure); Isopropyl utywala (uhlalutyo olucocekileyo); I-1,4 i-monobutyl sulfonolactone (ibakala lemizi-mveliso, elinikwe yiSiping Fine Chemical Plant); I-32.5R yesamente eqhelekileyo yasePortland (iDalian Onoda Cement Factory); Naphthalene series superplasticizer (SNF, Dalian Sicca).

ISpectrum One-B Fourier Transform infrared spectrometer, eveliswe nguPerkin Elmer.

I-IRIS Advantage Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer (IcP-AEs), eyenziwe nguThermo Jarrell Ash Co.

I-ZETAPLUS i-analyzer enokubakho (i-Brookhaven Instruments, e-USA) yayisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa amandla odaka lwesamente oluxutywe ne-SBC.

1.2 Ukulungiselela indlela ye-SBC

Okokuqala, i-cellulose ye-polymerization degree degree yalungiswa ngokweendlela ezichazwe kuncwadi. Umlinganiselo othile we-cotton cellulose walinganiswa kwaye wongezwa kwi-flask yeendlela ezintathu. Ngaphantsi kokhuseleko lwe-nitrogen, i-dilute i-hydrochloric acid kunye ne-concentration ye-6% yongezwa, kwaye umxube waxutywa ngamandla. Emva koko yaxhonywa nge-isopropyl yotywala kwi-flask enemilomo emithathu, i-alkalized ixesha elithile kunye ne-30% yesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide yamanzi, yalinganisa umlinganiselo othile we-1,4 monobutyl sulfonolactone, kwaye yawela kwi-flask emilomo emithathu, ishukunyiswa ngexesha elifanayo, kwaye igcine iqondo lobushushu lokuhlambela amanzi rhoqo lizinzile. Emva kokuphendula ixesha elithile, imveliso yapholiswa kwiqondo lokushisa, ihlanjululwe nge-isopropyl yotywala, iphoswe kwaye yahluzwa, kwaye imveliso ekrwada yafunyanwa. Emva kokuhlanjululwa ngesisombululo se-methanol samanzi amaxesha amaninzi, ukupompa kunye nokuhluzwa, imveliso ekugqibeleni yomiswa kwi-60 ℃ ukuze isetyenziswe.

1.3 Umlinganiselo wokusebenza we-SBC

Imveliso ye-SBC yachithwa kwi-0.1 mol / L ye-NaNO3 isisombululo se-aqueous, kunye ne-viscosity yendawo nganye yokuhlanjululwa kwesampuli yalinganiswa yi-viscometer ye-Ustner ukubala i-viscosity yayo. Umxholo wesulfure wemveliso unqunywe yi-ICP - isixhobo se-AES. Iisampuli ze-SBC zikhutshwe nge-acetone, i-vacuum yomisiwe, kwaye emva koko malunga ne-5 mg iisampulu zaphantsi kwaye zicinezelwe kunye ne-KBR ukulungiselela isampuli. Uvavanyo lwe-infrared spectrum lwenziwa kwi-SBC kunye neesampulu zeselulosi. Ukumiswa kwesamente kwalungiswa ngomlinganiselo wamanzi-samente we-400 kunye nomxholo we-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi we-1% yobunzima besamente. Amandla ayo avavanywa ngaphakathi kwe-3 min.

I-Cement slurry fluidity kunye ne-samente yodaka lokunciphisa amanzi izinga lokunciphisa amanzi alinganiswa ngokwe-GB / T 8077-2000 "Indlela yokuvavanya ukufana kwe-concrete admixture", mw / me = 0.35. Uvavanyo lwexesha lokumisela i-cement paste lwenziwa ngokuhambelana ne-GB / T 1346-2001 "Indlela yoVavanyo yokuSetyenziswa kwamanzi, ukuSeta ixesha kunye nokuZinza koMgangatho we-Cement Consistency". I-Cement mortar compressive strength ngokuhambelana ne-GB / T 17671-1999 "indlela yokuvavanya amandla omdaka we-samente (indlela ye-IS0)" indlela yokuzimisela.

2. Iziphumo kunye nengxoxo

2.1 Uhlalutyo lwe-IR lwe-SBC

Imbonakalo ye-infrared yeselulosi ekrwada kunye nemveliso ye-SBC. Ngenxa yokuba incopho yokufunxa ye-S - C kunye ne-S - H ibuthathaka kakhulu, ayifanelekanga ukuchongwa, ngelixa i-s=o inencopho eyomeleleyo yokufunxa. Ngoko ke, ubukho beqela le-sulfonic acid kwisakhiwo semolekyuli kunokumiselwa ngokumisela ubukho be-S = O peak. Ngokwembonakalo ye-infrared ye-cellulose ekrwada kunye nemveliso ye-SBC, kwimbonakalo ye-cellulose, kukho incopho eyomeleleyo yokufunxa kufutshane nenombolo yamaza eyi-3350 cm-1, ehlelwa njengencopho ye-hydroxyl yokungcangcazela kwi-cellulose. Incopho yokufunxa eyomeleleyo kufutshane nenombolo yamaza i-2 900 cm-1 yi-methylene (CH2 1) eyolula incopho ye-vibration. Uthotho lweebhendi ezibandakanya i-1060, 1170, 1120 kunye ne-1010 cm-1 zibonisa iincopho zokufunxa ukungcangcazela kweqela le-hydroxyl kunye neencopho zokufunxa ze-vibration ze-ether bond (C - o - C). Inombolo yamaza ejikeleze i-1650 cm-1 ibonisa incopho yokufunxa ye-hydrogen bond eyenziwe liqela le-hydroxyl kunye namanzi asimahla. Ibhendi 1440 ~ 1340 cm-1 ibonisa isakhiwo se-crystalline se-cellulose. Kwi-spectra ye-IR ye-SBC, ukuqina kwebhendi 1440 ~ 1340 cm-1 buthathaka. Amandla encopho ye-absorption kufuphi ne-1650 cm-1 yanda, ebonisa ukuba ukukwazi ukwenza i-hydrogen bonds kwaqiniswa. Iincopho ezinamandla zokufunxa zibonakala kwi-1180,628 cm-1, engazange iboniswe kwi-infrared spectroscopy ye-cellulose. Eyangaphambili yayiluphawu lokufunxa incopho ye-s=o yebhondi, ngelixa le yokugqibela yayiluphawu lokufunxa lwencopho ye-s=o yebhondi. Ngokolu hlalutyo lungentla, iqela le-sulfonic acid likhona kwitsheyini yemolekyuli yeselulosi emva kokusabela kwe-etherification.

2.2 Impembelelo yeemeko zokusabela kwintsebenzo ye-SBC

Inokubonwa kubudlelwane phakathi kweemeko zokusabela kunye neempawu ze-SBC ukuba ubushushu, ixesha lokusabela kunye nomlinganiselo wezinto ezichaphazela iipropati zeemveliso ezenziweyo. Ukunyibilika kweemveliso ze-SBC kuchongwa bubude bexesha elifunekayo kwimveliso ye-1g ukuba ichithe ngokupheleleyo kwi-100mL yamanzi e-deionized kwiqondo lokushisa; Kuvavanyo lokunciphisa amanzi odaka, umxholo we-SBC yi-1.0% yobunzima besamente. Ukongezelela, ekubeni i-cellulose iqulunqwe kakhulu yiyunithi ye-anhydroglucose (AGU), isixa se-cellulose sibalwa njenge-AGU xa umlinganiselo we-reactant ubalwa. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-SBCl ~ SBC5, i-SBC6 ine-viscosity ephantsi ye-intrinsic kunye nomxholo ophezulu wesulfure, kwaye izinga lokunciphisa amanzi kwi-mortar yi-11.2%. Iimpawu ze-viscosity ze-SBC zinokubonisa ubunzima bayo bemolekyuli. I-viscosity ephezulu ibonisa ukuba ubunzima bayo be-molecular bukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngeli xesha, i-viscosity yesisombululo se-aqueous kunye ne-concentration efanayo iya kwanda ngokuqinisekileyo, kwaye ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo kwama-macromolecules kuya kunqunyulwa, okungahambi kakuhle ekubhengezeni kwayo phezu kwamaqhekeza e-samente, ngaloo ndlela kuchaphazela umdlalo wamanzi. ukunciphisa ukusebenza kokusasazwa kwe-SBC. Umxholo wesulfure we-SBC uphezulu, ebonisa ukuba i-butyl sulfonate substitution degree iphezulu, i-SBC ye-molecular chain ithwala inani elingaphezulu lentlawulo, kunye namasuntswana e-samente isiphumo somphezulu sinamandla, ngoko ke ukusasazeka kwayo kwamasuntswana e-samente kunamandla.

Kwi-etherification ye-cellulose, ukwenzela ukuba kuphuculwe isidanga se-etherification kunye nomgangatho wemveliso, indlela ye-alkalization etherification etherification isetyenziswa ngokubanzi. I-SBC7 kunye ne-SBC8 zimveliso ezifunyenwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwe-alkalization etherification ye-1 kunye ne-2 amaxesha, ngokulandelanayo. Ngokucacileyo, i-viscosity yabo yeempawu iphantsi kwaye umxholo wesulfure uphezulu, ukunyibilika kokugqibela kwamanzi kulungile, izinga lokunciphisa amanzi kwi-samente yodaka linokufikelela kwi-14.8% kunye ne-16.5%, ngokulandelanayo. Ke ngoko, kolu vavanyo lulandelayo, i-SBC6, i-SBC7 kunye ne-SBC8 zisetyenziswa njengezinto zophando ukuxoxa ngeziphumo zabo zesicelo kwintlama yesamente kunye nodaka.

2.3 Impembelelo ye-SBC kwiipropati zesamente

2.3.1 Impembelelo ye-SBC kubuninzi bentlama yesamente

Ijika leempembelelo kumxholo we-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi kumanzi kwintlama yesamente. I-SNF yi-naphthalene series superplasticizer. Inokubonwa kwigophe lempembelelo yomxholo we-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi kwi-fluidity ye-cement paste, xa umxholo we-SBC8 ungaphantsi kwe-1.0%, ukuguquguquka kwe-cement paste kuyanda ngokunyuka komxholo, kunye nesiphumo. iyafana naleyo yeSNF. Xa umxholo udlula i-1.0%, ukukhula kwe-fluidity ye-slurry kunciphisa ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye ijika lingena kwindawo yesikhulumi. Inokuqwalaselwa ukuba umxholo ogcweleyo we-SBC8 umalunga ne-1.0%. I-SBC6 kunye ne-SBC7 nazo zazinendlela efanayo kwi-SBC8, kodwa umxholo wazo wokugcwala wawuphezulu kakhulu kune-SBC8, kwaye inqanaba lophuculo lokucoceka koludaka lwalungekho phezulu njenge-SBC8. Nangona kunjalo, umxholo ogcweleyo we-SNF umalunga ne-0.7% ~ 0.8%. Xa umxholo we-SNF uqhubeka nokunyuka, u-fluidity we-slurry uyaqhubeka nokunyuka, kodwa ngokuhambelana nendandatho yokuphuma kwegazi, kunokugqitywa ukuba ukwanda ngeli xesha kubangelwa ukuhlukana kwamanzi okuphuma kwegazi nge-cement slurry. Ukuqukumbela, nangona umxholo ogcweleyo we-SBC uphezulu kunolo we-SNF, akukabikho nto icacileyo yokopha xa umxholo we-SBC udlula umxholo wayo ogcweleyo ngokuninzi. Ngoko ke, kunokugwetywa kwangaphambili ukuba i-SBC inefuthe lokunciphisa amanzi kwaye inokugcinwa kwamanzi athile, okwahlukileyo kwi-SNF. Lo msebenzi kufuneka ufundwe ngakumbi.

Inokubonwa kwigophe lonxulumano phakathi kokuguquguquka kwentlama yesamente kunye ne-1.0% yesiqulatho se-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi kunye nexesha apho ilahleko ye-fluidity yentlama yesamente exutywe ne-SBC incinci kakhulu ngaphakathi kwe-120min, ngakumbi i-SBC6, ukumanzi kwayo kokuqala malunga ne-200mm kuphela. , kwaye ilahleko ye-fluidity ingaphantsi kwe-20%. Ilahleko ye-warp yolwelo oluludaka ngokolandelelwano lwe-SNF>SBC8>SBC7>SBC6. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba i-naphthalene superplasticizer ifunxwa ikakhulu kumphezulu wamasuntswana esamente ngamandla anyanyekayo kwinqwelomoya. Ngenkqubela phambili ye-hydration, i-athomu ye-agent yokunciphisa amanzi ashiyekileyo kwi-slurry iyancitshiswa, ukwenzela ukuba i-athomu ye-adsorbed yokunciphisa i-agent yamanzi phezu kwamaqhekeza e-samente nayo iyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe. Ukunyanzeliswa phakathi kweengqungquthela kubuthathaka, kwaye iinqununu zesamente zivelisa ukuxinana komzimba, okubonisa ukuhla kwe-fluidity ye-slurry enetha. Ke ngoko, ukulahleka kokuhamba kwe-sement slurry exutywe ne-naphthalene superplasticizer kukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lweearhente zokunciphisa amanzi ze-naphthalene ezisetyenziswa kubunjineli ziye zaxutywa ngokufanelekileyo ukuphucula esi siphene. Ke ngoko, malunga nokugcinwa kwe-liquidity, i-SBC iphezulu kune-SNF.

2.3.2 Impembelelo enokubakho kunye nexesha lokubeka intlama yesamente

Emva kokongeza i-agent yokunciphisa amanzi kumxube we-samente, amaqhekeza e-samente adsorbed i-athomu ye-agent yokunciphisa amanzi, ngoko ke iimpawu zombane ezinokuthi zitshintshwe ukusuka kwi-positive ukuya kwi-negative, kwaye ixabiso elipheleleyo landa ngokucacileyo. Ixabiso elipheleleyo lesuntswana elinokubakho lesamente elixutywe ne-SNF liphezulu kunelo le-SBC. Ngelo xesha, ixesha lokumisela i-sement paste exutywe kunye ne-SBC yandiswe kwiidigri ezahlukeneyo xa kuthelekiswa nesampuli engenanto, kwaye ixesha lokumisela laliku-odolo we-SBC6> SBC7> SBC8 ukusuka kwixesha elide ukuya kwifutshane. Ingabonwa ukuba ngokuncipha kwe-SBC yeempawu ze-viscosity kunye nokunyuka komxholo wesulfure, ixesha lokubeka i-samente yokunamathisela liyancitshiswa ngokuthe ngcembe. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-SBC yeyepolypolysaccharide derivatives, kwaye kukho amaqela amaninzi e-hydroxyl kwitsheyina lemolekyuli, enamanqanaba ahlukeneyo okubuyiswa kwesiphumo kwi-hydration reaction yesamente yasePortland. Kukho malunga neentlobo ezine ze-ejenti yokulibazisa indlela, kunye ne-SBC yokubuyisela umva ngokumalunga ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Kwi-alkaline medium ye-cement hydration, iqela le-hydroxyl kunye ne-Ca2 + ekhululekile yenze i-complex engazinzanga, ukwenzela ukuba ukuxinwa kwe-Ca2 10 kwisigaba solwelo. iyancipha, kodwa inokuba adsorbed kumphezulu amasuntswana zesamente kunye neemveliso hydration phezu komhlaba 02- ukwenza iibhondi hydrogen, kunye namanye amaqela hydroxyl kunye neemolekyuli zamanzi ngokusebenzisa unxulumano hydrogen bond, ukuze umphezulu amasuntswana isamente kwakheka umaleko. ifilimu yamanzi anyibilikisiweyo ezinzileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, inkqubo ye-hydration ye-samente ivinjelwe. Nangona kunjalo, inani lamaqela e-hydroxyl kwitsheyini ye-SBC enomxholo owahlukileyo wesulfure yahluke kakhulu, ngoko ke impembelelo yawo kwinkqubo yokufakwa kwesamente kufuneka yahluke.

2.3.3 Izinga lokucutha amanzi ngodaka kunye novavanyo lwamandla

Njengoko ukusebenza kodaka kunokubonakalisa ukusebenza kwekhonkrithi ukuya kumlinganiselo othile, eli phepha ikakhulu lifunda ukusebenza kodaka oluxutywe ne-SBC. Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi odaka kwahlengahlengiswa ngokomgangatho wokuvavanya izinga lokunciphisa amanzi odaka, ukuze isampuli yodaka ifikeleleke (180 ± 5) mm, kunye ne-40 mm × 40 mlTl × 160 imizekelo yokusila yalungiselelwa ukuvavanya i-compressive. amandla exesha ngalinye. Xa kuthelekiswa nemizekelo engenanto ngaphandle kwe-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi, amandla eesampuli zodaka kunye ne-agent yokunciphisa amanzi kwixesha ngalinye liphuculwe kwiidigri ezahlukeneyo. Amandla oxinzelelo lweesampuli ezifakwe kwi-1.0% ye-SNF yanda nge-46%, i-35% kunye ne-20% ngokulandelanayo kwi-3, i-7 kunye neentsuku ze-28. Impembelelo ye-SBC6, i-SBC7 kunye ne-SBC8 kumandla oxinzelelo lodaka ayifani. Amandla odaka oluxutywe ne-SBC6 ayanda kancinci kwiminyaka yobudala, kwaye amandla odaka kwi-3 d, 7 d kunye ne-28d anyuka nge-15%, 3% kunye ne-2% ngokulandelanayo. Amandla oxinzelelo omdaka oxutywe ne-SBC8 anda kakhulu, kwaye amandla ayo kwi-3, i-7 kunye neentsuku ze-28 anyuke nge-61%, i-45% kunye ne-18%, ngokulandelanayo, ebonisa ukuba i-SBC8 inefuthe elinamandla lokunciphisa amanzi kunye nokomeleza kwi-samente yodaka.

2.3.4 Impembelelo yeepropati ze-SBC zesakhiwo semolekyuli

Idityaniswe nolu hlalutyo lungentla kwimpembelelo ye-SBC kwintlama yesamente kunye nodaka, akukho nzima ukufumanisa ukuba ulwakhiwo lwemolekyuli ye-SBC, efana ne-viscosity yeempawu (ezinxulumene nobunzima bayo bemolekyuli, i-viscosity yeempawu ngokubanzi iphezulu, isalamane sayo. ubunzima bemolekyuli buphezulu), umxholo wesulfure (unxulumene nenqanaba lokutshintshwa kwamaqela anamandla e-hydrophilic kwikhonkco le-molecular, umxholo wesulfure ophezulu ukwinqanaba eliphezulu lokutshintshwa, Kwaye ngokuphambene noko) imisela ukusebenza kwesicelo se-SBC. Xa umxholo we-SBC8 kunye ne-viscosity ephantsi ye-intrinsic kunye nomxholo ophezulu wesulfure uphantsi, unokuba namandla okusasaza okunamandla kumasuntswana esamente, kunye nomxholo we-saturation nawo uphantsi, malunga ne-1.0%. Ukongezwa kwexesha lokumisela i-samente intlama lifutshane. Amandla acinezelayo odaka kunye nolwelo olufanayo ayanda ngokucacileyo kwisigaba ngasinye seminyaka. Nangona kunjalo, i-SBC6 ene-viscosity ephezulu ye-intrinsic kunye nomxholo ophantsi wesulfure inomanzi omncinci xa umxholo wayo uphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, xa umxholo wayo wonyuswa ukuya malunga ne-1.5%, amandla ayo okusasazwa kwamasuntswana esamente nawo akhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ixesha lokumisela i-slurry ecocekileyo lihlala ixesha elide, elibonisa iimpawu zokumisela kancinci. Ukuphuculwa kwamandla okucinezela udaka phantsi kweminyaka eyahlukeneyo kulinganiselwe. Ngokubanzi, i-SBC ingcono kune-SNF kugcino lwe-mortar fluidity.

3. Isiphelo

1. I-Cellulose ene-digrid polymerization degree yalungiswa kwi-cellulose, e-etherized nge-1,4 monobutyl sulfonolactone emva kwe-NaOH alkalization, kwaye emva koko i-butyl sulfonolactone e-soluble yamanzi yalungiswa. Ezona meko zilungileyo zokusabela kwimveliso zezi zilandelayo: umqolo (Na0H); Ngu (AGU); n (BS) -2.5: 1.0: 1.7, ixesha lokuphendula laliyi-4.5h, ubushushu bokuphendula ngu-75 ℃. I-alkalization ephindaphindiweyo kunye ne-etherification inokunciphisa i-viscosity yempawu kunye nokwandisa umxholo wesulfure wemveliso.

2. I-SBC eneempawu ezifanelekileyo ze-viscosity kunye nomxholo wesulfure unokuphucula kakhulu umbane we-cement slurry kunye nokuphucula ukulahleka kwe-fluidity. Xa umlinganiselo wokunciphisa amanzi wodaka ufikelela kwi-16.5%, amandla oxinzelelo lwesampulu yodaka kwiminyaka yobudala ayanda ngokucacileyo.

3. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-SBC njenge-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi kubonisa iqondo elithile lokusilela. Ngaphantsi kwemeko ye-viscosity yeempawu ezifanelekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukufumana i-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi ngokufanelekileyo ngokunyusa umxholo wesulfure kunye nokunciphisa idigri yokunciphisa. Ngokubhekiselele kwimigangatho yesizwe enxulumene nemixube ekhonkrithi, i-SBC kulindeleke ukuba ibeyiarhente yonciphiso lwamanzi enexabiso losetyenziso olusebenzayo, iarhente yokunciphisa amanzi, ibambezela iarhente yonciphiso olusebenzayo oluphezulu, kunye nearhente yonciphiso oluphezulu lwamanzi.