Uphononongo kuVavanyo loVavanyo lweMveliso yePVC Resin evela kwiHydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose

Inkqubo yokuveliswa kwe-HPMC yasekhaya yaziswa, kwaye indima ephambili ye-HPMC yasekhaya kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-PVC kunye nefuthe layo kumgangatho we-PVC resin zafundwa kuvavanyo lokulinga. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba:①Ukusebenza kwe-HPMC yasekhaya kugqwesileyo, kunye nokusebenza kwe-PVC ye-resin eveliswayo ilingana nomgangatho we-PVC we-resin eveliswa yimveliso ye-HPMC evela kumazwe angaphandle;②Xa i-HPMC yasekhaya isetyenziselwa imveliso ye-PVC, i-PVC inokuphuculwa kwaye ilungiswe kakuhle ngokulungelelanisa uhlobo kunye nobungakanani be-HPMC Ukusebenza kweemveliso ze-resin;③I-HPMC yasekhaya ilungele ukuveliswa kwee-resin ezahlukeneyo ze-PVC. I-PVC ye-resin particles eveliswayo inefilimu encinci kunye nokukhanya okunamathela kwi-kettle;④Iimveliso zasekhaya ze-HPMC zinokuthatha indawo yeemveliso ze-HPMC ezisuka kumazwe angaphandle.

Amagama angundoqo:iPVC; i-disperant; ihydroxypropyl methylcellulose

Ukuveliswa kwe-HPMC kunye nekotoni ecociweyo kumazwe angaphandle kwaqala ngo-1960, kwaye ilizwe lam laqala ukuphuhlisa i-HPMC ekuqaleni kwe-1970. Ngenxa yokunyanzeliswa kwezixhobo, iteknoloji kunye nezinye izinto, umgangatho wawungenakukwazi ukuzinza, kwaye ukubonakala kwakunefibrous. Ngesi sizathu, i-HPMC efunwa lishishini le-PVC resin, ishishini lamayeza, izixhobo zokwakha ezikumgangatho ophezulu, izinto zokuthambisa, intsimbi, ukutya kunye namanye amashishini axhomekeke ekuthengisweni kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle, ikakhulu asuka eUnited States naseJapan, kwaye i-HPMC iphantsi kolawulo lwangaphandle. . Ngo-1990, i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa woShishino lweMichiza yaququzelela iiyunithi ezifanelekileyo ukujongana neengxaki ezingundoqo ngokudibeneyo, kunye neemveliso eziveliswayo ezihlangabezana neemfuno zomgangatho woshishino we-PVC, ukuqonda ukugcinwa kwe-HPMC. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abavelisi be-HPMC basekhaya abagqwesileyo baye bamisela ngokuqinileyo ingqikelelo yophuhliso lokutsha, ulungelelwaniso, uhlaza, ukuvuleka, kunye nokwabelana, banyanzeliswa kuphuhliso oluqhutywa yintsha, kwaye bafezekiseka ngempumelelo uphuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu ngokusungula okuzimeleyo, uphuhliso lwezenzululwazi, kunye nokuguqulwa okukhawulezileyo. amandla amadala kunye namatsha ekinetic. Ecetywayo yi-China Petroleum kunye ne-Chemical Industry Federation, i-GB / T 34263-2017 "i-Hydroxypropyl Methyl Fiber ye-Industrial Use", eyayityunjwe yiKomiti yezobuGcisa yeMichiza yaseChina kwaye yamkelwa yiyunithi yokuyila, yapapashwa kwi-2017, kwaye yakhululwa kwilizwe lonke ngo-Aprili 1, 2018. iphunyezwe ngokusemthethweni. Ukusukela ngoko, kukho imigangatho yamashishini ePVC ukuthenga nokusebenzisa iimveliso zeHPMC.

1. Umgangatho wekotoni ophuculweyo

30# umqhaphu osulungekisiweyo ukwimilo yeentsinga ezicolekileyo phantsi kwemakroskopu. Ifayibha yomqhaphu ekhulileyo inamakhulu eentsinga ezisisiseko ezikhazimlisiweyo kwicandelo layo elinqamlezileyo, kwaye iintsinga zento esisiseko ziyadityaniswa zibe ngamakhulu eentsinga ezidityanisiweyo. Ezi bundle zefibril Ifayibha yomqhaphu idityaniswe ngoburhelem kumaleko agxininisiweyo. Oku kunceda ekuyilweni kwe-alkalized cellulose kunye nokufana kwe-etherification degree, kwaye kulungele ukuphucula isakhono sokugcina iglue ye-HPMC ngexesha le-PVC polymerization.

I-30 # umqhaphu ocociweyo usebenzisa iilitha zomqhaphu kunye nokuvuthwa okuphezulu kunye neqondo eliphantsi le-polymerization njengento ekrwada, inkqubo yokuvelisa inzima, ifuna ukuhlanjululwa, kwaye ixabiso lemveliso liphezulu. I-1000 # umqhaphu ocociweyo usebenzisa iilitha zomqhaphu ezinokuvuthwa okuphezulu kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lepolymerization njengento ekrwada, inkqubo yokuvelisa ayinzima, kwaye ixabiso lemveliso liphantsi. Ngoko ke, i-30 # i-cotton ecocekileyo isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iimveliso eziphezulu ezifana ne-PVC resin / iyeza / ukutya, kunye ne-1000 # i-cotton ecocekileyo isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa ibakala lezinto zokwakha okanye ezinye iindawo zokusetyenziswa.

2. Ubume, imodeli kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa iimveliso ze-HPMC

2.1 Iipropati zeemveliso ze-HPMC

HPMCayiyotyhefu, ayinavumba, ayinancasa imhlophe okanye ingekho-mhlophe ifibrous okanye umgubo wegranular owenziwe ngomqhaphu osulungekisiweyo wendalo njengeyona nto iphambili ekrwada. Yi-semi-synthetic, engasebenzi, i-viscoelastic polymer, i-non-ionic type compounds. Iziteketiso zaseTshayina yi-hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose, i-cellulose hydroxypropyl methyl ether, kunye ne-hypromellose, kunye nefomula ye-molecular [C6H7O2(OH)) 2COOR] n.

Indawo yokunyibilika ye-HPMC yi-225-230°C, ubuninzi be-1.26-1.31 g / cm³, ubunzima be-molecular mass malunga ne-22,000, ukushisa kwe-carbonization yi-280-300°C, kunye noxinzelelo lomhlaba ngu-42-56 mN / m (2% isisombululo samanzi).

Iimpawu zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali ze-HPMC ziquka ezi ngongoma zilandelayo.

(1) Isalathisi sobungakanani besuntswana: Isalathiso sobungakanani be-HPMC ye-PVC resin ineemfuno eziphezulu. Ireyithi yokupasa yi-150μm mkhulu kuno 98.5%, kwaye izinga lokuphumelela 187μm yi 100%. Imfuno ngokubanzi yeenkcukacha ezizodwa iphakathi kwe-250 kunye ne-425μm.

(2) Ukunyibilika: ukunyibilika kwezinye izinyibilikisi ezifana namanzi kunye notywala, ukunyibilika kwamanzi kwaye kunomsebenzi ongaphezulu. Ukucaca okuphezulu, ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwesisombululo, imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yeemveliso ezinobushushu obuhlukeneyo bejeli, utshintsho lwe-solubility kunye ne-viscosity, i-viscosity ephantsi, i-solubility enkulu, imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo ye-HPMC inomahluko othile ekusebenzeni, kunye ne-solubility emanzini ayikho. ichatshazelwa lixabiso le-pH.

Ukunyibilika kwamanzi abandayo kunye namanzi ashushu kuyahluka. Iimveliso ezinomxholo ophezulu we-methoxyl azinyibiliki emanzini ashushu ngaphezu kwe-85°C, iimveliso ezinomthamo we-methoxyl ophakathi azinyibiliki emanzini ashushu ngaphezulu kwe-65°C, kunye neemveliso ezinomthamo ophantsi we-methoxyl azinyibiliki emanzini ashushu ngaphezulu kwe-65°C. Amanzi ashushu ngaphezu kwama-60°C. I-HPMC eqhelekileyo ayinyibiliki kwizinyibilikisi ze-organic ezifana ne-ethanol, i-ether, kunye ne-chloroform, kodwa i-soluble kwi-10% ukuya kwi-80% yesisombululo se-ethanol yamanzi okanye umxube we-methanol kunye ne-dichloromethane. I-HPMC ine-hygroscopicity ethile. Nge25°I-C / 80% RH, ukuxutywa komswakama olinganayo yi-13%, kwaye izinzile kakhulu kwindawo eyomileyo kunye nexabiso le-pH le-3.0-11.0.

(3) I-HPMC ineempawu ezibalaseleyo zokunyibilika kumanzi abandayo kodwa ayinyibiliki emanzini ashushu. Ukubeka i-HPMC emanzini abandayo kwaye uyivuselele inokunyibilika ngokupheleleyo kwaye iguquke ibe lulwelo olucacileyo. Ezinye iimveliso zophawu azinyibiliki kumanzi ashushu angaphezu kwama-60°C, kwaye inokudumba kuphela. Le propati ingasetyenziselwa ukuhlamba kunye nokucoca, oko kunokunciphisa iindleko, ukunciphisa ukungcola, kunye nokwandisa ukhuseleko lwemveliso. Ngokuhla komxholo we-methoxyl, indawo yejeli ye-HPMC yonyuka, ukunyibilika kwamanzi kwehla, kunye nomsebenzi womphezulu wehlile.

(4) I-HPMC isetyenziswe njenge-stabilizer yokumiswa kunye ne-dispersant kwi-polymerization ye-vinyl chloride kunye ne-vinylidene. Ingasetyenziselwa kunye ne-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) okanye ngokuzimeleyo, kwaye inokulawula ukubunjwa kwamasuntswana kunye nokusabalalisa i-particle.

(5) I-HPMC nayo inokumelana ne-enzyme enamandla, iipropati ze-thermal gel (amanzi ashushu ngaphezu kwe-60°I-C ayinyibiliki, kodwa ivuvukala kuphela), iipropati ezibalaseleyo zokwenza ifilimu, ukuzinza kwexabiso le-pH (3.0-11.0), Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nezinye iimpawu ezininzi.

Ngokusekwe kwezi mpawu zigqwesileyo zingasentla, i-HPMC isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkalo zoshishino ezifana neyeza, ishishini lepetrochemical, ulwakhiwo, iiseramikhi, amalaphu, ukutya, imichiza yemihla ngemihla, intlaka yokwenziwa, ukutyabeka kunye nombane.

2.2 imodeli yemveliso ye-HPMC

Umlinganiselo womxholo we-methoxyl kunye nomxholo we-hydroxypropyl kwiimveliso ze-HPMC zihlukile, i-viscosity iyahluka, kwaye ukusebenza kwemveliso kuyahluka.

2.3 Inkqubo yokuveliswa kweemveliso zeHPMC

I-HPMC isebenzisa i-cotton cellulose esulungekileyo njengeyona nto iphambili ekrwada, kwaye yenza umgubo womqhaphu ngokutyumza unyango. Beka umgubo womqhaphu kwiketile yepolymerization ethe nkqo, uyisasaze malunga namaxesha ali-10 isinyibilikisi (i-toluene, isopropanol njengesinyibilikisi esixubeneyo), kwaye wongeze ngokulandelelana i-Lye (ibakala lokutya le-caustic soda inyibilika kumanzi ashushu kuqala), ipropylene oxide, methyl chloride etherification agent, reaction etherification iqhutywa kwiqondo lobushushu elithile kunye noxinzelelo, kwaye imveliso reaction is neutralized nge acid, intsimbi isuswe, ihlanjwe kwaye yomiswe, kwaye ekugqibeleni ufumane HPMC.

3. Ukusetyenziswa kweHPMC kwimveliso yePVC

3.1 Umgaqo-siseko wesenzo

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-HPMC njenge-dispersant kwimveliso yoshishino ye-PVC inqunywe yi-molecular structure. Ingabonwa kwi-molecular structure ye-HPMC ukuba i-formula yesakhiwo se-HPMC ineqela elisebenzayo le-hydrophilic hydroxypropyl (-OCH-CHOHCH3) kunye ne-lipophilic methoxyl (-OCH,) iqela elisebenzayo. Kwi-vinyl chloride ukumiswa kwepolymerization, i-dispersant igxininiswe kakhulu kwi-interface layer ye-monomer droplet-water phase, kwaye ihlelwe ngendlela yokuba icandelo le-hydrophilic ye-dispersant lidlulele kwisigaba samanzi, kwaye icandelo le-lipophilic lidlulisela kwi-monomer. ithontsi. Kwi-HPMC, icandelo elisekelwe kwi-hydroxypropyl licandelo le-hydrophilic, elisasazwa kakhulu kwisigaba samanzi; i-methoxy-based segment yi-lipophilic segment, esasazwa ngokubanzi kwisigaba se-monomer. Isixa se-lipophilic segment esasasazwa kwisigaba se-monomer sichaphazela ubukhulu be-particle ubukhulu, i-degree of aggregation, kunye ne-porosity ye-resin. Ukuphakama komxholo wecandelo le-lipophilic, impembelelo yokukhusela kwiinqununu eziphambili, i-degree encinci ye-particle aggregation, kunye ne-resin I-porosity ye-resin iyanda kwaye ubuninzi obubonakalayo buyancipha; iphezulu umxholo wecandelo le-hydrophilic, ubuthathaka obukhuselayo kwiinqununu eziphambili, ubukhulu beqondo lokuhlanganisana kweenqununu eziphambili, i-porosity ephantsi ye-resin, kwaye iphakamileyo yobuninzi obubonakalayo. Ukongezelela, umphumo wokukhusela we-dispersant unamandla kakhulu. Ngokunyuka kwe-viscosity yenkqubo yokuphendula i-polymerization, kwizinga eliphezulu lokuguqulwa, ukudibanisa phakathi kweengqungquthela ze-resin kulungele ukwenzeka, okwenza ukuba i-particle shape ingabonakali; umphumo wokukhusela we-dispersant ubuthathaka kakhulu, kwaye iinqununu eziphambili Kulula ukudibanisa kwinqanaba lokuguqulwa okuphantsi kwinqanaba lokuqala le-polymerization, ngaloo ndlela yenze i-resin ene-particle engaqhelekanga.

Kuye kwangqinwa ngokuqhelisela ukuba ukongeza i-HPMC kunye nezinye ii-dispersants kwi-polymerization yokumiswa kwe-vinyl chloride inokunciphisa ukuxhatshazwa kwe-interfacial phakathi kwe-vinyl chloride kunye namanzi kwinqanaba lokuqala le-polymerization. Ukusabalalisa okuzinzile kwindawo yamanzi, esi siphumo sibizwa ngokuba yi-dispersion potential of the dispersant; kwelinye icala, iqela elisebenzayo le-lipophilic ye-dispersant adsorbed phezu kwendawo ye-vinyl chloride droplet yenza umaleko okhuselayo ukukhusela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-vinyl chloride droplet. I-droplet idlala indima yokuzinzisa kunye nokukhusela, okubizwa ngokuba yikhono lokugcinwa kwe-colloid ye-dispersant. Oko kukuthi, kwinkqubo yokumiswa kwepolymerization, i-dispersant idlala indima emibini yokusabalalisa kunye nokukhusela ukuzinza kwe-colloidal.

3.2 Uhlalutyo lwentsebenzo yesicelo

Intlaka yePVC yintlaka eqinileyo. Iimpawu zayo ze-particle (kubandakanya i-particle shape, ubukhulu be-particle kunye nokusabalalisa, i-microstructure kunye nobukhulu be-pore kunye nokusabalalisa, njl.) Ichaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kweplastiki kunye nokusebenza kwemveliso, kwaye inqume i-PVC. Kukho izinto ezimbini ezinempembelelo enkulu kwiimpawu zamasuntswana eresin:①Ukunyanzeliswa kwetanki yepolymerization, izixhobo zixhomekeke, kwaye iimpawu eziphazamisayo azitshintshi;②Inkqubo ye-disperant ye-monomer kwinkqubo ye-polymerization, oko kukuthi, indlela yokukhetha uhlobo, ibakala kunye ne-Dosage yeyona nto ibalulekileyo elawula iipropati ze-PVC resin pellets.

Ukusuka kwindlela ye-resin granulation kwinkqubo yokunqunyanyiswa kwe-polymerization, kuyaziwa ukuba ukongeza i-dispersant ngaphambi kokuba impendulo isebenze ikakhulu ukuzinzisa amathontsi e-oyile ye-monomer eyenziwe ngokuvuselela kunye nokuthintela ukubumbana kwe-polymerization kunye nokudityaniswa kwamathontsi eoli. Ngoko ke, umphumo wokusabalalisa we-dispersant uya kuchaphazela iipropati eziphambili ze-polymer resin.

Ikhono lokugcinwa kwe-colloid ye-disperant inobudlelwane obuhle kunye ne-viscosity okanye ubunzima be-molecular. Okukhona i-viscosity enkulu yesisombululo esinamanzi, kokukhona ukuphakama kobunzima bemolekyuli, kwaye kokukhona amandla efilimu ekhuselayo ebhengezwa kwi-vinyl chloride-amanzi ujongano lwesigaba samanzi, kokukhona kulula ukugqabhuka kwefilimu kunye nokurhabula kweenkozo.

Isisombululo se-aqueous se-dispersant sinomsebenzi we-interfacial, i-intension encinci ye-facetension, i-high work surface, i-monomer yamathontsi e-oyile eyenziwe kakuhle, iyancipha ukuxinwa okubonakalayo kwamasuntswana e-resin afunyenweyo, kunye ne-looser kunye ne-porous.

Kuye kwaqinisekiswa ngophando lovavanyo ukuba ukunyanzeliswa kobuso be-HPMC kuncinci kwizisombululo ze-aqueous dispersant ze-gelatin, i-PVA, kunye ne-HPMC kugxininiso olufanayo, oko kukuthi, ukuxinwa okuncinci komphezulu, kokukhona kuphezulu umsebenzi we-HPMC inkqubo vinyl chloride ukunqunyanyiswa polymerization, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba The namandla isakhono ukusasaza HPMC dispersant. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-viscosity ephakathi kunye nephezulu ye-viscosity ye-PVA dispersants, i-avareji yobunzima bemolekyuli ye-HPMC (malunga ne-22 000) incinci kakhulu kune-PVA (malunga ne-150 000), oko kukuthi, ukugcinwa kwe-adhesive dispersants ye-HPMC ayilunganga njengaleyo. yePVA.

Olu lucazululo lungasentla lwethiyori kunye nolusebenzayo lubonisa ukuba i-HPMC ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokunqunyanyiswa kwee-reins ze-PVC. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-PVA kunye neqondo le-alcoholic ye-80%, inamandla okugcina iglue ebuthathaka kunye nokukwazi ukusasazeka;.Xa kuthelekiswa ne-5% ye-PVA, amandla okugcina iglue kunye nokukwazi ukusabalalisa kuyalingana. I-HPMC isetyenziswa njenge-dispersant, kwaye amasuntswana e-resin aveliswa yi-HPMC anomxholo omncinci "wefilimu", ukungahambi kakuhle kwamasuntswana e-resin, ubungakanani besuntswana elicolekileyo, ukufunxwa okuphezulu kweeplasticizers zokusetyenzwa kwe-resin, kwaye eneneni incangathi kancinci kwiketile, kuba ayinayo. -ityhefu kwaye kulula Ivelisa iireyini zenqanaba lezonyango ngokucaca okuphezulu.

Ngokutsho kolu hlalutyo lungasentla lwethiyori kunye nolusebenzayo lwemveliso, i-HPMC kunye ne-PVA, njengezona zinto zichithakeleyo zokunqunyanyiswa kwepolymerization, zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zomgangatho wemveliso ye-resin, kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokugcinwa kwe-adhesive kunye nomsebenzi we-interfacial kwi-polymerization. imveliso. Ngenxa yokuba ezi zimbini zineempawu zazo, ukwenzela ukuvelisa iimveliso ze-resin ezikumgangatho ophezulu, abaninzi abavelisi basebenzisa iisistim ezidibeneyo kunye nezakhono ezahlukeneyo zokugcina i-adhesive kunye nemisebenzi ye-interfacial, oko kukuthi, i-PVA kunye ne-HPMC ye-dispersant systems, ukufikelela kwisiphumo sokufunda enye.

3.3 Ukuthelekiswa komgangatho we-HPMC ekhaya naphesheya

Inkqubo yokuvavanya ubushushu bejeli kukulungiselela isisombululo esinamanzi kunye neqhekeza elikhulu le-0.15%, yongeza kwityhubhu ye-colorimetric, ufake i-thermometer, ushushu ngokukhawuleza kwaye uvuthulule ngobunono, xa isisombululo sibonakala i-milky white filamentous gel ngumda ophantsi we ubushushu bejeli, qhubeka ubushushu kwaye ugxobhoze, xa isisombululo sijika ngokupheleleyo esimhlophe esimhlophe ngumda ophezulu wobushushu bejeli.

3.4 Imeko yeemodeli ezahlukeneyo ze-HPMC ekhaya naphesheya phantsi kwe-microscope

Iifoto zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-HPMC phantsi kwe-microscope zinokubonwa:①I-E50 yangaphandle kunye ne-60YT50 HPMC yasekhaya zombini zibonelela ngesakhiwo esidibeneyo phantsi kwe-microscope, isakhiwo se-molecular ye-60YT50HPMC yasekhaya i-compact kunye neyunifomu, kwaye i-molecular structure ye-E50 yangaphandle iyahlakazeka;②Ubume obudityanisiweyo basekhaya 60YT50 HPMC Ulwakhiwo lunokuthi ngokwethiyori lunciphise uxinzelelo oluphakathi kobuso phakathi kwevinyl chloride namanzi, kwaye luncedise ivinyl chloride ukuba isasazeke ngokufanayo kwaye izinzileyo kumbindi wamanzi, oko kukuthi, ngenxa yokuba umxholo we-hydroxypropyl we-60YT50 HPMC uphezulu kancinci, iyenza ibe yi-hydrophilic ngakumbi, ngelixa i-ES0 Ngenxa yomxholo ophezulu wamaqela e-methoxyl, ngokwethiyori, inomsebenzi wokugcinwa kwerabha onamandla;③inqanda ukudibanisa amaconsi e-vinyl chloride kwinqanaba lokuqala lenkqubo ye-polymerization;④inqanda ukudibanisa amasuntswana epolymer phakathi kwaye kamva izigaba inkqubo polymerization. Ubume be-aggregate sifunda ubukhulu becala ukulungelelaniswa kweeamolekyuli ze-cellulose (imimandla yekristale kunye ne-amorphous, ubungakanani kunye nefom yeyunithi yeyunithi, ifom yokupakisha yamatyathanga eemolekyuli kwiyunithi yeyunithi, ubungakanani beekristali, njl. njl.), ubume bokuqhelaniswa ( ikhonkco lemolekyuli kunye noKuqhelaniswa ne-microcrystals), njl.

3.5 Imeko ye-HPMC isisombululo samanzi ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe

I-HPMC yasekhaya neyangaphandle yalungiswa ibe yi-1% yesisombululo samanzi, kunye nokuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwe-60YT50 HPMC yasekhaya yayingama-93%, kwaye i-E50 HPMC yangaphandle yayingama-94%, kwaye kwakungekho mahluko ekudluliseni ukukhanya phakathi kwezi zibini.

Iimveliso ze-HPMC zasekhaya kunye nezangaphandle zenziwa kwi-0.5% yesisombululo se-aqueous, kwaye isisombululo emva kokuba i-cellulose ye-HPMC ichithwe yabonwa. Inokubonwa ngeso lenyama ukuba elubala zombini kuhle kakhulu, ecacileyo kwaye elubala, kwaye akukho isixa esikhulu ifayibha ezinganyibilikiyo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba umgangatho HPMC ezisuka kumazwe angaphandle kunye HPMC zasekhaya ngcono. Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okuphezulu kwesisombululo kubonisa ukuba i-HPMC iphendula ngokupheleleyo kwinkqubo ye-alkalization kunye ne-etherification, ngaphandle kobuninzi bokungcola kunye neefayili ezingenayo. Okokuqala, inokuchonga ngokulula umgangatho we-HPMC. Ulwelo olumhlophe kunye namaqamza omoya.

4. HPMC dispersant application pilot test

Ukuze uqinisekise ngakumbi ukusebenza kokusasazwa kwe-HPMC yasekhaya kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwepolymerization kunye nefuthe layo kumgangatho we-PVC resin, iqela le-R&D le-Shandong Yiteng New Materials Co., Ltd. lisebenzise iimveliso ze-HPMC zasekhaya kunye nezangaphandle njenge-dispersants, kunye ne-HPMC yasekhaya. kunye nePVA ethunyelwa ngaphandle njengabasasaza. Umgangatho we-resins olungiselelwe ziimpawu ezahlukeneyo ze-HPMC njenge-dispersants e-China yavavanywa kwaye yathelekiswa, kwaye umphumo wesicelo se-HPMC kwi-resin ye-PVC yahlalutywa kwaye yaxoxwa.

4.1 Inkqubo yovavanyo olulingwayo

I-polymerization reaction yenziwa kwi-kettle ye-polymerization ye-6 m3. Ukuze kupheliswe impembelelo yomgangatho we-monomer kumgangatho we-PVC resin, isityalo somqhubi sasebenzisa indlela ye-calcium carbide ukuvelisa i-vinyl chloride monomer, kwaye umxholo wamanzi we-monomer wawungaphantsi kwama-50.×10-6. Emva kokuba i-vacuum ye-polymerization kettle ifanelekile, yongeza i-vinyl chloride elinganisiweyo kunye namanzi angenayo i-ion kwi-polymerization kettle ngokulandelelana, uze udibanise i-dispersant kunye nezinye izongezo ezifunwa yifomula kwi-kettle ngexesha elifanayo emva kokulinganisa. Emva kokuvuselela kwangaphambili imizuzu eyi-15, amanzi ashushu kwi-90°I-C yaziswa kwibhatyi, ishushu kwiqondo lokushisa le-polymerization ukuqala ukusabela kwe-polymerization, kunye namanzi apholileyo afakwe kwibhatyi ngexesha elifanayo, kwaye ubushushu bokusabela bulawulwa yi-DCS. Xa uxinzelelo lwe-polymerization kettle yehla kwi-0.15 MPa, izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-polymerization lifikelela kwi-85% ukuya kwi-90%, yongeza i-terminator ukuphelisa ukusabela, ukubuyisela i-vinyl chloride, ukuhlula kunye nokumisa ukufumana i-PVC resin.

4.2 Uvavanyo lovavanyo lwe-60YT50 yasekhaya kunye nemveliso ye-resin ye-E50 ye-HPMC yangaphandle

Ukususela kwidatha yokuthelekisa umgangatho yasekhaya 60YT50 kunye E50 HPMC angaphandle ukuvelisa PVC intlaka, kunokubonwa ukuba viscosity kunye plasticizer ukufunxwa zasekhaya 60YT50 HPMC PVC intlaka ziyafana nezo iimveliso HPMC angaphandle efanayo, kunye nomcimbi oguquguqukayo ephantsi, okulungileyo self. -ukwanela, Ireyithi eqinisekisiweyo yi-100%, kwaye ezi zimbini zisondele kakhulu ngokwemigangatho ye-resin. Umxholo we-methoxyl we-E50 yangaphandle ungaphezulu kancinane kune-60YT50 HPMC yasekhaya, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kokugcinwa kwerabha kunamandla. I-resin ye-PVC efunyenweyo ingcono kancinane kunezisasazo ze-HPMC zasekhaya ngokwemiqathango yokufunxa iplastiki kunye noxinaniso olubonakalayo.

4.3 I-HPMC ye-60YT50 yasekhaya kunye ne-PVA engeniswe ngaphandle isetyenziswe njenge-dispersant ukuvelisa uvavanyo lokulinga lwe-resin

4.3.1 Umgangatho wePVC resin eveliswayo

I-resin ye-PVC iveliswa yi-60YT50 HPMC yasekhaya kunye ne-dispersant ye-PVA ethunyelwa ngaphandle. Idatha yokuthelekisa umgangatho inokubonwa: usebenzisa umgangatho ofanayo 60YT50HPMC kunye nenkqubo ye-PVA dispersant ephuma kumazwe angaphandle ukuvelisa i-PVC resin ngokulandelelana, kuba ngokwethiyori 60YTS0 HPMC dispersant inamandla okusasazwa okunamandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokugcinwa kwerabha. Ayilunganga njengenkqubo yokusasazwa kwePVA. Ukuxinana okubonakalayo kwe-PVC resin eveliswe yi-60YTS0 HPMC inkqubo yokusabalalisa ingaphantsi kancinane kune-PVA dispersant, ukufunxa kwe-plasticizer kungcono, kunye nobukhulu be-particle ye-resin ilungile. Iziphumo zovavanyo zinokubonisa ngokusisiseko iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ze-60YT50 HPMC kunye neenkqubo eziphuma kumazwe angaphandle ze-PVA, kwaye zikwabonisa iingenelo kunye nokungalunganga kwe-dispersants ezimbini ukusuka ekusebenzeni kwe-PVC resin. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-microstructure, ifilimu engaphezulu ye-HPMC ye-disperant resin Thin, i-resin ilula ukwenza iplastiki ngexesha lokucubungula.

4.3.2 Imeko yefilimu yePVC resin particles phantsi kwe-electron microscope

Ukuqwalasela i-microstructure ye-resin particles, i-resin particles eveliswa yi-HPMC dispersant inomlinganiselo omncinci we-microscopic "film"; amasuntswana eresin aveliswa yi-PVA dispersant ane-microscopic etyebileyo “ifilimu”. Ukongeza, kubavelisi be-calcium carbide resin kunye nomxholo ophezulu we-vinyl chloride monomer ukungcola, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwenkqubo yefomyula, kufuneka bandise ubuninzi be-dispersant, nto leyo ebangela ukwanda kwediphozithi yomhlaba we-resin particles. kunye nokujiya "kwefilimu". Ukusetyenzwa kwePlastiki esezantsi akuthandeki.

4.4 Uvavanyo olulingwayo lwamabakala ahlukeneyo eHPMC ukuvelisa intlaka yePVC

4.4.1 Umgangatho wePVC resin eveliswayo

Ukusebenzisa amabanga ahlukeneyo asekhaya e-HPMC (kunye ne-viscosities eyahlukeneyo kunye nomxholo we-hydroxypropyl) njenge-dispersant enye, inani le-dispersant yi-0.060% ye-vinyl chloride monomer, kunye ne-polymerization yokumiswa kwe-vinyl chloride yenziwa kwi-56.5° C ukufumana Ubungakanani besuntswana eliphakathi, ukuxinana okubonakalayo, kunye nokufunxwa kweplastiki yePVC.

Oku kunokubonwa koku:①Xa kuthelekiswa ne-65YT50 HPMC inkqubo yokusabalalisa, i-75YT100 ine-viscosity ye-65YT50 HPMC ngaphantsi kwe-75YT100HPMC, kwaye umxholo we-hydroxypropyl nawo ungaphantsi kwe-75YT100HPMC, ngelixa umxholo we-methoxyl ungaphezulu kwe-75YT10HPMC. Ngokohlalutyo lwethiyori yee-dispersants, i-viscosity kunye ne-hydroxypropyl Ukuncipha komxholo wesiseko kuya kukhokelela ngokuqinisekileyo ekunciphiseni ukusasazeka kwesakhono se-HPMC, kwaye ukwanda komxholo we-methoxy kuya kukhuthaza ukuphuculwa kwekhono lokugcinwa kwe-adhesive ye-dispersant, oko kukuthi, inkqubo ye-65YT50 ye-HPMC ye-dispersion iya kubangela ukuba ubungakanani be-particle ye-PVC ye-resin inyuke (ubungakanani be-particle size), Ubuninzi obubonakalayo buyanda kunye nokunyuka kwe-plasticizer;②Xa kuthelekiswa ne-60YT50 HPMC inkqubo yokusabalalisa, umxholo we-hydroxypropyl we-60YT50 HPMC mkhulu kune-65YT50 HPMC, kwaye umxholo we-methoxy wesibini usondele kwaye uphezulu. Ngokutsho kwethiyori ye-dispersant, i-hydroxypropyl iphezulu, amandla okusabalalisa i-dispersant, ngoko amandla okusabalalisa i-60YT50 HPMC aphuculwe; ngelo xesha, imixholo emibini ye-methoxyl isondele kwaye umxholo uphezulu, amandla okugcina iglue nawo anamandla, Kwi-60YT50 HPMC kunye ne-65YT50 ye-HPMC ye-dispersion systems yomgangatho ofanayo, i-PVC resin eveliswa yi-60YT50HPMC kune-65YT50 HPMC yokusabalalisa. inkqubo kufuneka ibe nobungakanani obuncinci be-particle (fine particle size) kunye noxinano olubonakalayo olusezantsi, kuba umxholo we-methoxyl kwinkqubo ye-dispersion isondele (i-rubber retention performance), okubangelwa ukufunxa kwe-plasticizer efanayo. Esi sesona sizathu sokuba i-60YT50 HPMC isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwishishini le-PVC le-resin xa ukhetha i-PVA kunye ne-HPMC edibanisa izinto ezisasazekileyo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ingaba i-65YT50 HPMC isetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo kwifomyula yenkqubo yokusasazwa kwe-composite nayo kufuneka imiselwe ngokwezalathi ezithile zomgangatho we-resin.

4.4.2 I-particle morphology yePVC resin particles phantsi kwe-microscope

I-particle morphology ye-PVC resin eveliswe yi-2 iintlobo ze-60YT50 HPMC dispersants kunye ne-hydroxypropyl eyahlukeneyo kunye nomxholo we-methoxyl phantsi kwe-microscope ingabonwa: ngokunyuka kwe-hydroxypropyl kunye nomxholo we-methoxyl, amandla okusasazwa kwe-HPMC, ukugcinwa Ikhono leglue liphuculwe. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-60YT50 HPMC (i-8.7% ye-hydroxypropyl mass fraction, i-28.5% ye-methoxyl mass fraction), i-PVC ye-resin particles eveliswa rhoqo, ngaphandle komsila, kwaye iinqununu zikhululekile.

4.5 Isiphumo se-60YT50 HPMC ithamo kumgangatho wePVC resin

Uvavanyo lokulinga lusebenzisa i-60YT50 HPMC njenge-dispersant enye eneqhezu lobunzima beqela le-methoxyl lama-28.5% kunye neqhezu elikhulu le-hydroxypropyl yeqela le-8.5%. Umndilili wobungakanani bamasuntswana, ukuxinana okubonakalayo, kunye nokufunxwa kweplasitiki yePVC resin efunyenwe ngokwenza i-polymerization yokumiswa kwevinyl chloride kwi-5.°C.

Inokubonwa ukuba njengoko inani le-dispersant lisanda, ubukhulu bomgangatho we-dipersant adsorbed kumphezulu we-droplet buyanda, okwandisa ukusebenza kwe-disperant kunye nokugcinwa kwe-adhesive umthamo we-disperant, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni komlinganiselo we-particle ye-PVC. i-resin kunye nokuncipha kwendawo ephezulu. Ubuninzi obubonakalayo buyanda kwaye ukufunxa kweplastiki kuncipha.

5 Isiphelo

(1) Ukusebenza kwesicelo se-PVC ye-resin elungiselelwe kwiimveliso ze-HPMC zasekhaya zifikelele kwinqanaba leemveliso ezifanayo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.

(2) Xa i-HPMC isetyenziswa njenge-dispersant enye, inokuvelisa iimveliso ze-PVC ze-resin kunye nezalathi ezingcono.

(3) Xa kuthelekiswa ne-PVA dispersant, i-HPMC kunye ne-PVA dispersant, iindidi ezimbini zezongezo zisetyenziselwa kuphela njenge-dispersant ukuvelisa i-resin, kwaye izibonakaliso ze-resin eziveliswayo zineenzuzo kunye nokungalunganga kwazo. I-HPMC dispersant inomsebenzi ophezulu womphezulu kunye ne-droplet ye-oyile eyomeleleyo yokusasaza ukusebenza. Inomsebenzi ofanayo kunye ne-PVA 72 .5% ye-alcoholsis degree efanayo yokusebenza.

(4) Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezifanayo zomgangatho, amabakala ahlukeneyo e-HPMC anemixholo eyahlukeneyo ye-methoxyl kunye ne-hydroxypropyl, eneendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenzisa ukulungelelanisa umgangatho we-resin ye-PVC. I-60YT50 HPMC dispersant inomsebenzi ongcono wokusasazeka kune-65YT50 HPMC ngenxa yomxholo wayo ophezulu we-hydroxypropyl; 65YT50 HPMC Ngenxa yomxholo ophezulu we-methoxy we-dispersant, ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwerabha kunamandla kunaleyo ye-60YT50HPMC.

(5) Ngokuqhelekileyo ekuveliseni i-PVC resin, inani le-60YT50HPMC dispersant elisetyenzisiweyo lihlukile, kwaye ukulungiswa komgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwe-PVC resin nako kunotshintsho olucacileyo. Xa ithamo le-60YT50 HPMC dispersant linyuka, umndilili wesayizi ye-PVC resin iyancipha, ukuxinana okubonakalayo kuyenyuka, kunye neplastiki. Izinga lokufunxa kwe-arhente liyancipha, kwaye ngokuphambene noko.

Ukongeza, xa kuthelekiswa ne-PVA dispersant, i-HPMC isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iimveliso ze-resin series, ezibonisa ukuqina okukhulu kunye nokuzinza kwiiparameters ezifana nohlobo lweketile ye-polymerization, umthamo, ukuvuselela, njl. iketile, kunye nokunciphisa ifilimu yomphezulu we-resin Ukutyeba, i-resin engeyityhefu, uzinzo oluphezulu lwe-thermal, ukuphucula ukucaca kwe-resin ezantsi kweemveliso zokucubungula, njl. Ukongeza, i-HPMC yasekhaya iya kunceda abavelisi be-PVC banciphise iindleko zemveliso, baphucule ukhuphiswano lwemarike, kwaye bazise okulungileyo. iinzuzo zoqoqosho.