Inkcazo:I-ether ye-cellulose iyona nto yokongeza kwi-mortar esele ixutywe. Iindidi kunye neempawu zesakhiwo se-cellulose ether ziyaziswa, kwaye i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether (HPMC) ikhethwa njengesongezo sokufunda ngokucwangcisiweyo impembelelo kwiipropati ezahlukeneyo zodaka. . Uphononongo lubonise ukuba: I-HPMC inokuphucula kakhulu ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwidaka, kwaye inesiphumo sokunciphisa amanzi. Kwangaxeshanye, inokunciphisa ingxinano yomxube wodaka, yandise ixesha lokubeka udaka, kwaye inciphise amandla okuguquguquka kunye noxinzelelo lodaka.
Amagama angundoqo:udaka olulungeleyo oluxutywe; i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether (HPMC); ukusebenza
0.Intshayelelo
Udaka sesinye sezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino lokwakha. Ngophuhliso lwenzululwazi yezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokuphuculwa kweemfuno zabantu zokwenza umgangatho wokwakha, udaka luye lwaphuhliswa ngokuthe ngcembe lubhekiselele ekurhwebeni njengokukhuthaza kunye nophuhliso lwekhonkrithi esele ixutywe. Xa kuthelekiswa nodaka olulungiswe bubugcisa bemveli, udaka oluveliswa ngokurhweba luneenzuzo ezininzi ezicacileyo: (a) umgangatho ophezulu wemveliso; (b) ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso; (c) ukungcoliseka okuncinci kokusingqongileyo kwaye kulungele ukwakhiwa kwempucuko. Okwangoku, i-Guangzhou, i-Shanghai, i-Beijing kunye nezinye izixeko zase-China ziye zakhuthaza udaka oluxutyiweyo, kwaye imigangatho yoshishino efanelekileyo kunye nemigangatho yelizwe ikhutshiwe okanye iya kukhutshwa kungekudala.
Ngokombono wokubunjwa, umahluko omkhulu phakathi kodaka oluxutyiweyo olusele luxutywe kunye nodaka lwemveli ludityaniswa neekhemikhali ezixubeneyo, phakathi kwazo i-cellulose ether yeyona isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwimixube yeekhemikhali. I-ether ye-cellulose idla ngokusetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokugcina amanzi. Injongo kukuphucula ukusebenza kodaka olusele luxutywe. Isixa se-cellulose ether sincinci, kodwa sinempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kodaka. Isongezo esikhulu esichaphazela ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kodaka. Ngoko ke, ukuqonda ngakumbi impembelelo yeentlobo kunye neempawu zesakhiwo se-cellulose ether ekusebenzeni kodaka lwesamente kuya kunceda ukukhetha nokusebenzisa i-cellulose ether ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kodaka.
1. Iintlobo kunye neempawu zesakhiwo se-cellulose ethers
I-ether ye-cellulose yi-polymer e-soluble yamanzi, ecutshungulwa kwi-cellulose yendalo ngokuchithwa kwe-alkali, i-grafting reaction (etherification), ukuhlamba, ukomisa, ukugaya kunye nezinye iinkqubo. I-cellulose ethers yahlulwe ibe yi-ionic kunye ne-nonionic, kwaye i-ionic cellulose ine-carboxymethyl cellulose ityuwa. I-nonionic cellulose iquka i-hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, i-methyl cellulose ether kunye nezinye. Ngenxa yokuba i-ionic cellulose ether (ityuwa ye-carboxymethyl cellulose) ayizinzile xa kukho i-calcium ion, ayifane isetyenziswe kwimveliso yomgubo owomileyo kunye nesamente, i-lime ene-slaked kunye nezinye izinto zokuhlanganisa. I-cellulose ethers esetyenziswe kwi-powder mortar eyomileyo i-hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether (HEMC) kunye ne-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC), echaza ngaphezu kwe-90% yesabelo semarike.
I-HPMC yenziwa yi-etherification reaction ye-cellulose yealkali yokuvuselela unyango kunye ne-etherification agent methyl chloride kunye nepropylene oxide. Kwi-etherification reaction, iqela le-hydroxyl kwi-molecule ye-cellulose ifakwe endaweni ye-methoxy) kunye ne-hydroxypropyl ukwenza i-HPMC. Inani lamaqela athatyathelwe indawo liqela le-hydroxyl kwi-molecule ye-cellulose inokubonakaliswa ngeqondo le-etherification (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-degree of substitution). I-ether ye-HPMC Iqondo lokuguqulwa kwemichiza liphakathi kwe-12 kunye ne-15. Ngoko ke, kukho amaqela abalulekileyo afana ne-hydroxyl (-OH), ibhondi ye-ether (-o-) kunye ne-anhydroglucose ring kwisakhiwo se-HPMC, kwaye la maqela anento ethile. impembelelo ekusebenzeni kodaka .
2. Impembelelo ye-cellulose ether kwiipropati zodaka lwesamente
2.1 Iimathiriyeli ekrwada zovavanyo
I-cellulose ether: iveliswe nguLuzhou Hercules Tianpu Chemical Co., Ltd., i-viscosity: 75000;
Isamente: I-Conch brand 32.5 yebakala lesamente ehlanganisiweyo; isanti: isanti ephakathi; fly ash: ibakala II.
2.2 Iziphumo zovavanyo
2.2.1 Isiphumo sokunciphisa amanzi se-cellulose ether
Ukususela kubudlelwane phakathi kokubambisana komdaka kunye nomxholo we-cellulose ether phantsi komlinganiselo ofanayo wokuxuba, kunokubonwa ukuba ukuhambelana komdaka kwanda ngokuthe ngcembe ngokunyuka komxholo we-cellulose ether. Xa i-dosage i-0.3 ‰, ukuhambelana kodaka malunga ne-50% ephezulu kunokuba ngaphandle kokuxuba, okubonisa ukuba i-cellulose ether inokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kodaka. Njengoko isixa se-cellulose ether sikhula, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunokuncipha kancinci. Inokuqwalaselwa ukuba i-cellulose ether inefuthe elithile lokunciphisa amanzi.
2.2.2 Ukugcinwa kwamanzi
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi odaka kubhekiselele ekukwazini kodaka ukugcina amanzi, kwaye ikwasisalathiso sokusebenza sokulinganisa uzinzo lwamalungu angaphakathi odaka lwesamente esitsha ngexesha lothutho kunye nokupaka. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunokulinganiswa ngezalathisi ezibini: iqondo lokwahlulwa kunye nesantya sokugcinwa kwamanzi, kodwa ngenxa yokongezwa kwearhente yokugcina amanzi, ukugcinwa kwamanzi odaka oluxutyiweyo kuphuculwe kakhulu, kwaye inqanaba lokubekwa kohlulo alukhathali ngokwaneleyo. ukubonakalisa umahluko. Uvavanyo lokugcinwa kwamanzi kukubala izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi ngokulinganisa utshintsho oluninzi lwephepha lokucoca ngaphambi nangemva koqhagamshelwano lwephepha lokucoca kunye nommandla ochaziweyo wodaka ngaphakathi kwexesha elithile. Ngenxa yokufunxwa kakuhle kwamanzi kwephepha lokucoca, nokuba ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka kuphezulu, iphepha lokucoca lingakwazi ukufunxa ukufuma kumdaka, ngoko. Izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi lingabonakalisa ngokuchanekileyo ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwidaka, ukuphakama kweqondo lokugcinwa kwamanzi, ngcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi.
Zininzi iindlela zobugcisa zokuphucula ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwidaka, kodwa ukongeza i-cellulose ether yeyona ndlela isebenzayo. Ubume be-cellulose ether iqulethe i-hydroxyl kunye ne-ether bond. Iiathom zeoksijini kula maqela zinxulumana neemolekyuli zamanzi ukwenza iibhondi zehydrogen. Yenza iimolekyuli zamanzi zamahhala zibe ngamanzi adibeneyo, ukuze udlale indima efanelekileyo ekugcineni amanzi. Ukususela kubudlelwane phakathi kwesantya sokugcinwa kwamanzi kwi-mortar kunye nomxholo we-cellulose ether, kunokubonwa ukuba ngaphakathi koluhlu lomxholo wokuvavanya, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi omdaka kunye nomxholo we-cellulose ether kubonisa ubudlelwane obuhle obuhambelanayo. Okukhona uphezulu umxholo we-cellulose ether, mkhulu izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi. .
2.2.3 Ubuninzi bomxube wodaka
Inokubonwa kumthetho wokutshintsha ukuxinana komxube wodaka kunye nomxholo we-ether cellulose ukuba ukuxinana komxube wodaka kuncipha ngokuthe ngcembe ngokunyuka komxholo we-cellulose ether, kunye nokuxinana okumanzi kodaka xa umxholo. yi-0.3‰o Yehle malunga ne-17% (xa kuthelekiswa nomxube). Kukho izizathu ezibini zokuncipha koxinano lodaka: esinye sisiphumo sokungenisa umoya se-cellulose ether. I-cellulose ether iqulethe amaqela e-alkyl, anokunciphisa amandla omhlaba wesisombululo samanzi, kwaye abe nefuthe lokungenisa umoya kwi-samente yodaka, okwenza umxholo womoya wokunyusa udaka, kunye nokuqina kwefilimu ye-bubble nayo iphezulu kunoko. amaqamza amanzi acocekileyo, kwaye akulula ukukhupha; kwelinye icala, i-ether cellulose iyanda emva kokufunxa amanzi kwaye ithatha umthamo othile, olingana nokwandisa i-pores yangaphakathi yodaka, ngoko ibangela udaka ukuxuba ukuxinana kwamathontsi.
Impembelelo yokungenisa umoya ye-cellulose ether iphucula ukusebenza kodaka kwelinye icala, kwaye kwelinye icala, ngenxa yokunyuka komxholo womoya, ukwakheka komzimba oqinileyo kukhululiwe, okukhokelela kwisiphumo esibi sokuncipha. iimpawu zomatshini ezifana namandla.
2.2.4 Ixesha lokudibanisa
Ukususela kubudlelwane phakathi kwexesha lokumisela i-ether kunye nenani le-ether, kunokubonwa ngokucacileyo ukuba i-ether ye-cellulose inefuthe lokunciphisa udaka. Okukhona idosi inkulu, kokukhona ibonakele ngakumbi isiphumo sokulibazisa.
Isiphumo sokunciphisa i-cellulose ether ihambelana ngokusondeleyo neempawu zayo zesakhiwo. I-cellulose ether igcina isakhiwo esisisiseko se-cellulose, oko kukuthi, i-anhydroglucose ring structure isekhona kwi-molecular structure ye-cellulose ether, kunye ne-anhydroglucose ring yimbangela yeqela eliphambili le-cement retarding, elinokwenza i-sugar-calcium molecular. i-compounds (okanye ii-complexes) kunye ne-calcium ions kwi-cement hydration isisombululo se-aqueous, esinciphisa i-calcium ion concentration kwi-cement hydration induction period kunye nokuthintela i-Ca (OH): kunye ne-calcium salt crystal formation, imvula, kunye nokulibazisa inkqubo ye-cement hydration.
2.2.5 Amandla
Ukususela kwimpembelelo ye-cellulose ether kwi-flexural and compressive force of mortar, kunokubonwa ukuba ngokunyuka komxholo we-cellulose ether, i-7-day kunye ne-28-day flexural and compressive strength of mortar zonke zibonisa ukuhla.
Isizathu sokuhla kwamandla omdaka singabalelwa ekunyuseni komthamo womoya, okwandisa i-porosity yodaka oluqinileyo kwaye wenze isakhiwo sangaphakathi somzimba onzima sikhululeke. Ngokuhlalutya uhlengahlengiso lokuxinana okumanzi kunye namandla acinezelayo odaka, kunokubonwa ukuba kukho ulungelelwaniso oluhle phakathi kwezi zimbini, ukuxinana okumanzi kuphantsi, amandla aphantsi, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo, amandla aphezulu. U-Huang Liangen wasebenzisa i-equation yobudlelwane phakathi kwe-porosity kunye namandla omatshini athathwe yi-Ryskewith ukufumanisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwamandla oxinzelelo odaka oluxutywe ne-cellulose ether kunye nomxholo we-cellulose ether.
3. Isiphelo
(1) I-cellulose ether iphuma kwi-cellulose, equlethe i-hydroxyl,
Iibhondi ze-Ether, iindandatho ze-anhydroglucose kunye namanye amaqela, la maqela achaphazela iimpawu ezibonakalayo kunye nomatshini womdaka.
(2) I-HPMC inokuphucula kakhulu ukugcinwa kwamanzi omdaka, ukwandisa ixesha lokumisela udaka, ukunciphisa ubuninzi bomxube wodaka kunye namandla omzimba onzima.
(3) Xa kulungiswa udaka olusele luxutywe, i-cellulose ether ifanele isetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo. Sombulula ubudlelwane obuphikisanayo phakathi kokusebenza kodaka kunye neempawu zoomatshini.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-20-2023