Imathiriyeli ekrwada yeCellulose Ether

Inkqubo yemveliso ye-viscosity pulp ephezulu ye-cellulose ether yafundwa. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela ukupheka kunye ne-bleaching kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-pulp ephezulu ye-viscosity yaxoxwa. Ngokweemfuno zomthengi, ngovavanyo lwento enye kunye nendlela yovavanyo ye-orthogonal, idityaniswe nomthamo wezixhobo zenkampani, iiparamitha zenkqubo yemveliso ye-viscosity ephezulu.umqhaphu ococekileyoipulp Impahla engekasilwaye-cellulose ether zizimisele. Ukusebenzisa le nkqubo yokuvelisa, ubumhlophe be-viscosity ephezuluisulungekileipulp yomqhaphu eveliswe i-cellulose ether yi≥I-85%, kunye ne-viscosity≥1800 mL/g.

Amagama angundoqo: i-viscosity pulp ephezulu ye-cellulose ether; inkqubo yemveliso; ukupheka; ukutshiza

I-Cellulose yeyona nto ininzi kwaye ihlaziyeka yendalo yepolymer ikhompawundi kwindalo. Inoluhlu olubanzi lwemithombo, ixabiso eliphantsi, kunye nobuhlobo bendalo. Uluhlu lwee-cellulose derivatives lunokufumaneka ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali. I-cellulose ether yi-polymer compound apho i-hydrogen kwiqela le-hydroxyl kwiyunithi ye-glucose ye-cellulose ithathelwa indawo liqela le-hydrocarbon. Emva kwe-etherification, i-cellulose iyanyibilika emanzini, i-dilute isisombululo se-alkali kunye ne-organic solvent, kwaye ine-thermoplasticity. I-China lelona lizwe livelisa i-cellulose ether enkulu kwihlabathi, kunye nesantya sokukhula sonyaka esingaphezulu kwama-20%. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-cellulose ethers ezinomsebenzi obalaseleyo, kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kulwakhiwo, isamente, i-petroleum, ukutya, i-textile, i-detergent, ipeyinti, amayeza, ukwenza iphepha kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki kunye namanye amashishini.

Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwecandelo lezinto eziphuma kwi-cellulose ether, imfuno yezinto ezikrwada kwimveliso yayo iyanda. Izixhobo eziphambili zokuvelisa i-cellulose ether yi-cotton pulp, i-pulp yomthi, i-bamboo pulp, njl. into ekrwada efanelekileyo yokuveliswa kwe-cellulose ether. Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zangaphandle zaziswa kunye nobuchwepheshe kwimveliso ekhethekileyo yeselulosi, ithatha ubushushu obuphantsi-alkali yokupheka, iteknoloji yokuvelisa i-bleaching eqhubekayo, ulawulo oluzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo lwenkqubo yemveliso, ukuchaneka kokulawulwa kwenkqubo ifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu loshishino olufanayo ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. . Ngesicelo sabathengi basekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, inkampani iqhube uphando kunye novavanyo lophuhliso kwi-high-viscosity cotton pulp ye-cellulose ether, kwaye iisampuli zamkelwe kakuhle ngabathengi.

1. Linge

1.1 Iimathiriyeli ekrwada

I-pulp ye-viscosity ephezulu ye-ether ye-cellulose idinga ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zobumhlophe obuphezulu, i-viscosity ephezulu kunye nothuli oluphantsi. Ngenxa yeempawu ze-high-viscosity cotton pulp ye-cellulose ether, okokuqala, ulawulo olungqongqo lwenziwa ekukhethweni kwezinto eziluhlaza, kunye ne-cotton linters ngokuvuthwa okuphezulu, i-viscosity ephezulu, akukho-filament emithathu, kunye nembewu ephantsi yomqhaphu. umxholo we-hull wakhethwa njengemathiriyeli ekrwada. Ngokwale mitha yomqhaphu engentla Ngokweemfuno zezalathisi ezahlukahlukeneyo, kumiselwe ukusebenzisa iilitha zomqhaphu e-Xinjiang njengento ekrwada yokuvelisa i-pulp ye-viscosity ephezulu ye-cellulose ether. Iimpawu zomgangatho weXinjiang cashmere zezi: viscosity≥2000 mL/g, ukukhula≥70%, sulfuric acid into enganyibilikiyo≤6.0%, umxholo wothuthu≤1.7%.

1.2 Izixhobo kunye namayeza

Izixhobo zokuvavanya: I-PL-100 imbiza yokupheka yombane (i-Chengyang Taisite Equipment Equipment Co., Ltd.), isixhobo sokuhlambela amanzi ashushu rhoqo (i-Longkou Electric Furnace Factory), i-PHSJ 3F echanekileyo imitha ye-pH (i-Shanghai Yidian Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd.), Capillary viscometer, WSB～2 yeemitha ezimhlophe (Jinan Sanquan Zhongshishi

Laboratory Instrument Co., Ltd.).

Iziyobisi zovavanyo: NaOH, HCl, NaClO, H2O2, NaSiO3.

1.3 Indlela yenkqubo

Iilitha zomqhaphu→ukupheka kwealkali→ukuhlamba→ukucofa→ukucoca (kubandakanya unyango lweasidi)→ukwenza i-pulp→imveliso egqityiweyo→uvavanyo lwesalathisi

1.4 Umxholo wovavanyo

Inkqubo yokupheka isekelwe kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ngokwenene, usebenzisa ukulungiswa kwezinto ezimanzi kunye neendlela zokupheka kwe-alkaline. Ucoce ngokulula kwaye ususe iilitha zomqhaphu zobungakanani, yongeza i-lye ebalwe ngokomlinganiselo wolwelo kunye nobungakanani bealkali esetyenzisiweyo, xuba ngokupheleleyo iilitha zomqhaphu kunye nelye, uzibeke kwitanki yokupheka, kwaye upheke ngokuhambelana namaqondo obushushu ohlukeneyo kunye namaxesha okubamba. Yipheke. I-pulp emva kokupheka iyahlanjwa, ibethelwe kwaye ifakwe i-bleach ukuze isetyenziswe kamva.

Inkqubo yokucoca: iiparameters ezifana nokugxininiswa kwe-pulp kunye nexabiso le-pH zikhethwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokomthamo wangempela wesixhobo kunye ne-bleaching routines, kunye neeparitha ezifanelekileyo ezifana ne-agent ye-bleaching agent zixoxwa ngokuzama.

I-bleaching yahlulwe yangamanqanaba amathathu: (1) Inqanaba eliqhelekileyo le-pre-chlorination bleaching, lungelelanisa i-pulp concentration ukuya kwi-3%, yongeza i-asidi ukulawula ixabiso le-pH le-pulp ukuya kwi-2.2-2.3, yongeza umlinganiselo othile we-sodium hypochlorite kwi-bleach ubushushu begumbi imizuzu engama-40. (2) I-hydrogen peroxide yecandelo le-bleaching, lungisa ugxininiso lwe-pulp ibe yi-8%, yongeza i-sodium hydroxide kwi-alkalinize slurry, yongeza i-hydrogen peroxide kwaye uqhube i-bleaching kubushushu obuthile (icandelo le-hydrogen peroxide ye-bleaching yongeza umlinganiselo othile we-stabilizer sodium silicate). Ubushushu obuthile bokwenza iblikhi, ithamo lehydrogen peroxide kunye nexesha lokujikishwa liphononongwe ngemifuniselo. (3) Icandelo lonyango lwe-Acid: lungisa ugxininiso lwe-pulp ukuya kwi-6%, yongeza i-asidi kunye nezixhobo zokususa i-ion yesinyithi ukwenzela unyango lwe-asidi, inkqubo yeli candelo iqhutyelwa ngokwenkqubo yesiqhelo yenkampani ekhethekileyo yokuvelisa i-pulp pulp, kunye nenkqubo ethile. akukho mfuneko yokuba kuxoxwe ngokuqhubekayo ngokulinga.

Ngexesha lenkqubo yovavanyo, inqanaba ngalinye lokujikwa lilungelelanisa ukugxilwa kwepulp kunye ne-pH, yongeza umlinganiselo othile we-reagent bleaching, ixuba i-pulp kunye ne-bleaching reagent ngokulinganayo kwi-polyethylene yeplastiki etywiniweyo, kwaye iyibeke kwindawo yobushushu obungaguqukiyo kwibhafu yamanzi ukwenzela ubushushu obuqhubekayo. i-bleaching ixesha elithile. Inkqubo yokucoca Khupha i-slurry ephakathi rhoqo ngemizuzu eyi-10, xuba kwaye uxoke ngokulinganayo ukuqinisekisa ukufana kwe-bleaching. Emva kwesigaba ngasinye sokuhlamba, sihlanjwa ngamanzi, kwaye emva koko siqhubela phambili kwinqanaba elilandelayo le-bleaching.

1.5 Uhlalutyo oluludaka kunye nokufumanisa

I-GB/T8940.2-2002 kunye ne-GB/T7974-2002 zasetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kunye nokulinganisa ubumhlophe beesampuli ezimhlophe eziludaka ngokulandelelanayo; I-GB/T1548-2004 yayisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-slurry viscosity.

2. Iziphumo kunye nengxoxo

2.1 Uhlalutyo lweethagethi

Ngokweemfuno zabathengi, ezona zibonakaliso ziphambili zobuchwephesha be-viscosity pulp ephezulu ye-cellulose ether zezi: ubumhlophe.≥I-85%, i-viscosity≥1800 mL/g,α-iselulosi≥90%, umxholo wothuthu≤0.1%, intsimbi≤I-12 mg / kg njl. Ngokweminyaka emininzi yamava enkampani ekuveliseni i-pulp ekhethekileyo yekotoni, ngokulawula iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokupheka, ukuhlamba kunye neemeko zonyango lwe-asidi kwinkqubo yokucoca,α-i-cellulose, umlotha, umxholo wesinyithi kunye nezinye izibonakaliso, kulula ukuhlangabezana neemfuno kwimveliso yangempela. Ke ngoko, ubumhlophe kunye ne-viscosity zithathwa njengengqwalasela yolu phuhliso lovavanyo.

2.2 Inkqubo yokupheka

Inkqubo yokupheka kukutshabalalisa udonga oluphambili lwefayibha kunye ne-sodium hydroxide phantsi kobushushu obuthile bokupheka kunye noxinzelelo, ukuze ukungcola kwamanzi anyibilikayo kunye ne-alkali-enyibilikayo ne-non-cellulose, amanqatha kunye ne-wax kwi-cotton linters ziyanyibilika. umxholo weα-i-cellulose iyanda. . Ngenxa yokuqhawulwa kwamaketanga e-cellulose macromolecular ngexesha lokupheka, iqondo le-polymerization liyancitshiswa kwaye i-viscosity iyancitshiswa. Ukuba iqondo lokupheka lilula kakhulu, i-pulp ayiyi kuphekwa ngokucokisekileyo, i-bleaching elandelayo iya kuba yimbi, kwaye umgangatho wemveliso awuyi kuqiniseka; ukuba iqondo lokupheka linzima kakhulu, i-cellulose ye-molecular chain iya ku-depolymerize ngobudlova kwaye i-viscosity iya kuba iphantsi kakhulu. Ngokuqwalasela ngokubanzi i-bleachability kunye ne-viscosity index iimfuno ze-slurry, kuchongwa ukuba i-viscosity ye-slurry emva kokupheka.≥1900 mL/g, kwaye ubumhlophe bu≥55%.

Ngokwezinto eziphambili ezichaphazela umphumo wokupheka: inani le-alkali elisetyenzisiweyo, ukushisa kokupheka, kunye nexesha lokubamba, indlela yokuvavanya i-orthogonal isetyenziselwa ukuqhuba iimvavanyo zokukhetha iimeko ezifanelekileyo zenkqubo yokupheka.

Ngokweenkcukacha ezimbi kakhulu zeziphumo zovavanyo lwe-orthogonal, impembelelo yezinto ezintathu kwisiphumo sokupheka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ukushisa kokupheka> isixa se-alkali> ixesha lokubamba. Ukushisa kokupheka kunye nomlinganiselo we-alkali kunempembelelo enkulu kwi-viscosity kunye nomhlophe we-cotton pulp. Ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa lokupheka kunye nomlinganiselo we-alkali, ubumhlophe buvame ukunyuka, kodwa i-viscosity iyancipha. Ukuveliswa kwe-pulp ye-viscosity ephezulu, iimeko zokupheka okuphakathi kufuneka zamkelwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngelixa uqinisekisa ubumhlophe. Ke ngoko, ngokudibanisa nedatha yovavanyo, ubushushu bokupheka yi-115°C, kwaye ubungakanani bealkali esetyenzisiweyo yi-9%. Isiphumo sokubamba ixesha phakathi kwezinto ezintathu sibuthathaka ngakumbi kunezinye izinto ezimbini. Ekubeni oku kupheka kwamkela indlela yokupheka ephantsi kwe-alkali kunye nobushushu obuphantsi, ukwenzela ukwandisa ukufana kokupheka kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwe-viscosity yokupheka, ixesha lokubamba likhethwe njengemizuzu engama-70. Ke ngoko, indibaniselwano ye-A2B2C3 yayizimisele ukuba yeyona nkqubo yokupheka iphezulu ye-viscosity pulp. Ngaphantsi kweemeko zenkqubo yokuvelisa, ubumhlophe be-pulp yokugqibela yayingu-55.3%, kwaye i-viscosity yayingu-1945 mL / g.

2.3 Inkqubo yokutshiza

2.3.1 Inkqubo yangaphambi kwe-chlorination

Kwicandelo le-pre-chlorination, inani elincinci kakhulu le-sodium hypochlorite yongezwa kwi-pulp yekotoni ukuguqula i-lignin kwi-pulp yekotoni ibe yi-chlorinated lignin kwaye ichithwe. Emva kokuxutywa kwe-bleaching kwinqanaba le-pre-chlorination, i-viscosity ye-slurry kufuneka ilawulwe ukuba ibe≥1850 mL/g, kunye nobumhlophe≥63%.

Ubungakanani be-sodium hypochlorite yinto ephambili echaphazela umphumo we-bleaching kweli candelo. Ukuze kuphononongwe isixa esifanelekileyo seklorini ekhoyo, kwasetyenziswa indlela yokuvavanya into enye ukwenza imifuniselo emi-5 ehambelanayo ngaxeshanye. Ngokudibanisa amanani ahlukeneyo e-sodium hypochlorite kwi-slurry, i-chlorine esebenzayo kwi-slurry Umxholo we-chlorine wawuyi-0.01 g / L, 0.02 g / L, 0.03 g / L, 0.04 g / L, 0.05 g / L ngokulandelanayo. Emva kokuba i-bleaching, i-viscosity kunye ne-BaiDu.

Ukususela kwiinguqu ze-cotton pulp whiteness kunye ne-viscosity kunye nenani le-chlorine ekhoyo, kunokufunyanwa ukuba ngokunyuka kweklorini ekhoyo, ubumhlophe be-cotton pulp bukhula ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye i-viscosity iyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe. Xa isixa seklorine ekhoyo yi-0.01g/L kunye ne-0.02g/L, ubumhlophe bomqhaphu≤63%; xa isixa seklorine ekhoyo yi-0.05g/L, i-viscosity ye-cotton pulp≤I-1850mL / g, engahambelani neemfuno zangaphambili ze-chlorination. Iimfuno zesalathisi solawulo lwecandelo lokujikishwa. Xa inani le-chlorine ekhoyo yi-0.03g / L kunye ne-0.04g / L, izibonakaliso emva kokuxutywa kwe-bleaching yi-viscosity 1885mL / g, ubumhlophe 63.5% kunye ne-viscosity 1854mL / g, ubumhlophe 64.8%. Uluhlu lwedosi luhambelana neemfuno zezibonakaliso zokulawula i-bleaching kwicandelo langaphambi kwe-chlorination, ngoko kunqunywe kwangaphambili ukuba umthamo we-chlorine okhoyo kweli candelo ngu-0.03-0.04g / L.

2.3.2 Uphando lwenkqubo ye-hydrogen peroxide kumgangatho wokwenza ibleaching

I-hydrogen peroxide bleaching lelona nqanaba libalulekileyo le-bleaching kwinkqubo yokuphucula ubumhlophe. Emva kwesi sigaba, inqanaba lokunyangwa kwe-asidi lenziwa ukugqiba inkqubo ye-bleaching. Isigaba sonyango lwe-asidi kunye nephepha elilandelayo kunye nenqanaba lokubumba alinampembelelo kwi-viscosity ye-pulp, kwaye inokunyusa ubumhlophe ubuncinane nge-2%. Ke ngoko, ngokweemfuno zesalathiso solawulo lwepulp yokugqibela ye-viscosity ephezulu, iimfuno zolawulo lwesalathiso senqanaba le-hydrogen peroxide bleaching zizimisele ukuba yi-viscosity.≥1800 mL / g kunye nobumhlophe≥83%.

Eyona miba iphambili echaphazela ihydrogen peroxide bleaching bubuninzi behydrogen peroxide, iqondo lobushushu lebleaching, kunye nexesha lebleaching. Ukuze kuphunyezwe iimfuno ezimhlophe kunye ne-viscosity ye-pulp ephezulu ye-viscous, izinto ezintathu ezichaphazela umphumo we-bleaching zahlalutywa ngendlela yokuvavanya i-orthogonal ukufumanisa imilinganiselo efanelekileyo ye-hydrogen peroxide ye-bleaching parameters.

Ngokusetyenziswa kwedatha yomahluko ogqithisileyo wovavanyo lwe-orthogonal, kufunyaniswe ukuba iimpembelelo zemiba emithathu kwisiphumo se-bleaching yile: ubushushu beblektshi > idosi yehydrogen peroxide > ixesha lokujikwa. Ubushushu be-bleaching kunye nomthamo we-hydrogen peroxide zizinto eziphambili ezichaphazela umphumo we-bleaching. Ngokunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe kwedatha yezinto ezimbini zobushushu be-bleaching kunye nomthamo we-hydrogen peroxide, ubumhlophe be-pulp yekotoni bukhula ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye i-viscosity iyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe. Ukuqwalasela iindleko zemveliso, umthamo wezixhobo kunye nomgangatho wemveliso ngokubanzi, iqondo lobushushu le-hydrogen peroxide yokushibilika limiselwe ukuba libe ngama-80.°C, kunye nedosi yehydrogen peroxide yi-5%. Ngelo xesha, ngokweziphumo zovavanyo, ixesha le-bleaching ye-hydrogen peroxide linempembelelo encinci kwi-bleaching effect, kwaye ixesha elilodwa lokucoca i-hydrogen peroxide likhethwa njengemizuzu engama-80.

Ngokwenkqubo ekhethiweyo ye-hydrogen peroxide yenqanaba lokucoca, ilabhoratri iqhube inani elikhulu leemvavanyo zokuqinisekisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kwaye iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba iiparamitha zokulinga zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezibekiweyo.

3. Isiphelo

Ngokweemfuno zomthengi, ngovavanyo lwento enye kunye novavanyo lwe-orthogonal, kudityaniswe neyona nto isebenzayo yenkampani kunye neendleko zemveliso, iiparamitha zenkqubo yokuvelisa i-pulp ephezulu ye-viscosity ye-cellulose ether izimisele ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: (1) Inkqubo yokupheka: sebenzisa 9 % yealkali, pheka Ubushushu buyi-115°C, kwaye ixesha lokubamba yimizuzu engama-70. (2) Inkqubo ye-bleaching: kwicandelo langaphambili le-chlorination, i-dosage ye-chlorine ekhoyo yokucoca i-0.03-0.04 g / L; kwicandelo lehydrogen peroxide, iqondo lobushushu le-bleaching lingama-80°C, i-dosage ye-hydrogen peroxide yi-5%, kwaye ixesha le-bleaching yimizuzu engama-80; Icandelo lonyango lwe-Acid, ngokwenkqubo yesiqhelo yenkampani.

High viscosity pulp fori-cellulose etheryipulp ekhethekileyo yekotoni kunye nesicelo esibanzi kunye nexabiso eliphezulu elongezelelweyo. Ngokusekelwe kwinani elikhulu leemvavanyo, inkampani yavelisa ngokuzimeleyo inkqubo yokuvelisa i-high-viscosity pulp ye-cellulose ether. Okwangoku, i-high-viscosity pulp ye-cellulose ether iye yaba yenye yezona ntlobo ziphambili zemveliso yenkampani yeKima Chemical, kwaye umgangatho wemveliso uye wamkelwa ngamxhelo-mnye kwaye wanconywa ngabathengi basekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.