IHydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose Etere Technology

IHydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether luhlobo lwe-nonpolar cellulose ether enyibilika kumanzi abandayo afunyenwe kwiselulosi yendalo ngokwenziwa kwealkalization kunye nokuguqulwa kwe-etherification.

Amagama angundoqo:i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether; ukusabela kwealkalization; impendulo etherification

1. Itekhnoloji

I-cellulose yendalo ayinyibiliki emanzini kunye nezinyibilikisi zezinto eziphilayo, ezizinzile ekukhanyeni, ubushushu, i-asidi, ityuwa kunye neminye imithombo yeendaba zemichiza, kwaye inokunyakanyiswa kwisisombululo se-alkali esixubileyo sokutshintsha umphezulu weselulosi.

IHydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether luhlobo lwe-non-polar, i-ether ye-cellulose enyibilikayo emanzini abandayo efunyenwe kwi-cellulose yendalo ngokusebenzisa i-alkalization kunye nokuguqulwa kwe-etherification.

2. Eyona formula yekhemikhali yokusabela

2.1 Ukusabela kwe-alkalization

Kukho amathuba amabini okusabela kwe-cellulose kunye ne-sodium hydroxide, oko kukuthi, ngokwemiqathango eyahlukeneyo yokuvelisa i-molecular compounds, R - OH - NaOH; okanye ukuvelisa iikhompawundi zotywala zesinyithi, R - ONa.

Uninzi lwabaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba i-cellulose isabela nge-alkali egxininisiweyo ukwenza into esisigxina, kwaye icinga ukuba iqela ngalinye okanye amabini e-glucose adibaniswe ne-molecule ye-NaOH (iqela elinye le-glucose lidibaniswa ne-athomu ezintathu ze-NaOH xa ukuphendula kuphelile).

C6H10O5 + NaOH→C6H10O5 NaOH okanye C6H10O5 + NaOH→C6H10O4 ONa + H2O

C6H10O5 + NaOH→(C6H10O5) 2 NaOH okanye C6H10O5 + NaOH→C6H10O5 C6H10O4 ONa + H2O

Kungekudala, abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba intsebenziswano phakathi kwe-cellulose kunye ne-alkali egxininisiweyo iya kuba nemiphumo emibini ngexesha elinye.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni isakhiwo, umsebenzi weekhemikhali we-cellulose unokutshintshwa emva kwesenzo se-cellulose kunye ne-alkali, kwaye inokusabela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zemichiza ukufumana iintlobo ezinentsingiselo.

2.2 Ukusabela kwe-Etherification

Emva kwe-alkalization, i-alkali cellulose esebenzayo idibana ne-etherification agent ukuze yenze i-cellulose ether. Ii-etherifying agents ezisetyenziswayo yi-methyl chloride kunye nepropylene oxide.

I-sodium hydroxide isebenza njenge-catalyst.

n kunye ne-m imele iqondo lokutshintshwa kwe-hydroxypropyl kunye ne-methyl kwiyunithi ye-cellulose, ngokulandelanayo. Elona xabiso liphezulu le-m + n yi-3.

Ukongeza kwimpendulo ephambili ekhankanywe ngasentla, kukwakho iimpendulo ezisecaleni:

CH2CH2OCH3 + H2O→HOCH2CH2OHCH3

CH3Cl + NaOH→CH3OH + NaCl

3. Inkcazo yenkqubo ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether

Inkqubo ye-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether ("i-cellulose ether" ngokufutshane) iqulunqwe ngokufanelekileyo kwiinkqubo ze-6, ezizezi: ukuchithwa kwezinto eziluhlaza, (i-alkalinization) i-etherification, ukususwa kwe-solvent, i-filtration kunye nokomisa, ukutyumza kunye nokuxuba, kunye nokugqiba ukupakishwa kwemveliso.

3.1 Ukulungiselela imathiriyeli ekrwada

I-cellulose ye-short-lint yendalo ethengiweyo kwimarike ityunyuzwa ibe ngumgubo yi-pulverizer ukuququzelela ukusetyenzwa okulandelayo; ialkali eqinileyo (okanye ialkali engamanzi) iyanyibilika kwaye ilungiswe, kwaye ifudunyezwe ukuya kuma-90°C ukwenza i-50% yesisombululo se-caustic soda sokusetyenziswa. Lungiselela i-reaction methyl chloride, i-propylene oxide etherification agent, isopropanol kunye ne-toluene reaction solvent ngaxeshanye.

Ukongeza, inkqubo yokusabela ifuna izinto ezincedisayo ezifana namanzi ashushu kunye namanzi acocekileyo; umphunga, amanzi okupholisa anobushushu obuphantsi, kunye namanzi okupholisa ajikelezayo ayafuneka ukunceda amandla.

Iilitha ezimfutshane, i-methyl chloride, kunye ne-propylene oxide etherification agents zizona zinto ziphambili zokuvelisa i-cellulose etherified, kwaye iilitha ezimfutshane zisetyenziswe kwisixa esikhulu. I-Methyl chloride kunye ne-propylene oxide ithatha inxaxheba ekuphenduleni njengee-etherification agents ukuguqula i-cellulose yendalo, inani lokusetyenziswa alikhulu.

I-solvents (okanye i-diluents) ibandakanya i-toluene kunye ne-isopropanol, eyona nto ingasetyenziswanga, kodwa ngokubhekiselele kwilahleko edibeneyo kunye ne-volatilized, kukho ilahleko encinci kwimveliso, kwaye ixabiso elisetyenzisiweyo lincinci kakhulu.

Inkqubo yokulungiselela imathiriyeli ekrwada inendawo yetanki yemathiriyeli ekrwada kunye nendawo yokugcina impahla eqhotyoshelweyo. I-etherifying agents kunye ne-solvents, ezifana ne-toluene, i-isopropanol, kunye ne-acetic acid (esetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa ixabiso le-pH le-reactants), zigcinwa kwindawo yetanki eluhlaza. Ukunikezelwa kwe-lint emfutshane yanele , inokunikezelwa yimarike nangaliphi na ixesha.

I-lint emfutshane etyumkileyo ithunyelwa kwi-workshop kunye nenqwelo yokusetyenziswa.

3.2 (i-Alkalinization) i-etherification

(i-alkaline) i-etherification yinkqubo ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo ye-etherification ye-cellulose. Kwindlela yokuvelisa kwangaphambili, ukusabela kwamanyathelo amabini kwenziwa ngokwahlukileyo. Ngoku inkqubo iphuculwe, kwaye ukuphendulwa kwamanyathelo amabini kudityaniswa kwinqanaba elinye kwaye lenziwa ngaxeshanye.

Okokuqala, cima itanki ye-etherification ukususa umoya, kwaye endaweni yayo ufake initrogen ukwenza itanki ingabi namoya. Yongeza isisombululo esilungisiweyo se-sodium hydroxide, yongeza inani elithile le-isopropanol kunye ne-toluene solvent, qalisa ukuvuselela, uze udibanise uboya obufutshane bomqhaphu, uvule amanzi ajikelezayo ukupholisa, kwaye emva kokuba ubushushu behla ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, vula i-low- iqondo lobushushu amanzi ukuthoba inkqubo impahla iqondo lobushushu Yehla ukuya malunga 20℃, kwaye ugcine ukusabela ixesha elithile ukugqiba alkalization.

Emva kwe-alkalization, yongeza i-etherifying agent methyl chloride kunye nepropylene oxide elinganiswe yitanki yokulinganisa inqanaba eliphezulu, qhubeka uqalise ukuvuselela, sebenzisa umphunga ukunyusa ubushushu benkqubo ukuya phantse kuma-70.℃~ 80℃, kwaye ke usebenzise amanzi ashushu ukuqhubeka nokufudumeza nokugcina Ubushushu bokusabela bulawulwa, kwaye ke ubushushu bokusabela kunye nexesha lokuphendula lulawulwa, kwaye umsebenzi unokugqitywa ngokuvuselela kunye nokuxuba ixesha elithile.

Ukusabela kuqhutywa malunga ne-90°C kunye ne-0.3 MPa.

3.3 Ukuphanziswa

Izixhobo zenkqubo ekhankanywe ngasentla zithunyelwa kwi-desolventizer, kwaye izinto ezixutywe kwaye zifudunyezwe nge-steam, kwaye i-toluene kunye ne-isopropanol solvents i-evaporated kwaye ibuyiselwe ukuze isetyenziswe kwakhona.

I-solvent e-evaporated iqala ipholile kwaye ixutywe ngokuyinxenye ngamanzi ajikelezayo, kwaye emva koko ixutywe ngamanzi aphantsi obushushu, kwaye umxube we-condensate ungena kwi-liquid layer kunye ne-separator ukwahlula amanzi kunye ne-solvent. I-solvent edibeneyo ye-toluene kunye ne-isopropanol kwinqanaba eliphezulu lilungiswa ngokulingana. Yisebenzise ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye ubuyisele amanzi kunye nesisombululo se-isopropanol kumaleko asezantsi kwi-desolventizer yokusetyenziswa.

Yongeza i-acetic acid kwi-reactant emva kokuchithwa ukuze unciphise i-sodium hydroxide engaphezulu, emva koko usebenzise amanzi ashushu ukuhlamba izinto, usebenzise ngokuzeleyo uphawu lwe-coagulation ye-cellulose ether kumanzi ashushu ukuhlamba i-ether cellulose, kunye nokucoca i-reactant. Izinto eziphuculweyo zithunyelwa kwinkqubo elandelayo yokwahlula nokumisa.

3.4 Hlunga kwaye womise

Izinto ezisulungekisiweyo zithunyelwa kwi-horizontal screw separator ngepompo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwempompo ukwahlula amanzi asimahla, kwaye into eseleyo eqinileyo ingena kwisomisi somoya nge-screw feed, kwaye yomiswe ngokudibana nomoya oshushu, emva koko idlule kwinkanyamba. isahluli kunye nomoya Ukwahlula, izinto eziqinileyo zingena ngokutyumza okulandelayo.

Amanzi ahlulwe yi-horizontal spiral separator angena kwitanki yokucoca amanzi emva kokuchithwa kwentlenga kwitanki yentlenga ukwahlula i-cellulose efakiweyo.

3.5 Ukutyumza kunye nokuxuba

Emva kokumisa, i-cellulose e-etherified iya kuba nobukhulu obungalinganiyo, obufuna ukutyunyuzwa kunye nokuxuba ukuze ukusabalalisa ubungakanani be-particle kunye nokubonakala ngokubanzi kwezinto kuhambelana neemfuno zomgangatho wemveliso.

3. 6 Ukupakishwa kwemveliso egqityiweyo

Izinto ezifunyenwe emva kokutyumza kunye nokuxuba imisebenzi yi-cellulose etherified egqityiweyo, enokuthi ifakwe kwaye ifakwe kwindawo yokugcina.

4. Isishwankathelo

Amanzi amdaka ahlukanisiweyo aqulethe umlinganiselo othile wetyuwa, ingakumbi i-sodium chloride. Amanzi alahlwayo ayaba ngumphunga ukuze ahlule ityuwa, kwaye umphunga wesibini okhutshiweyo unokujikwa ukuze kubuyiselwe amanzi ajiyileyo, okanye akhutshwe ngokuthe ngqo. Inxalenye ephambili yetyuwa ehlukeneyo i-sodium chloride, equlethe inani elithile le-acetate ye-sodium ngenxa yokungathathi hlangothi nge-acetic acid. Le tyuwa inexabiso lokusetyenziswa kwamashishini kuphela emva kokuhlaziya, ukuhlukana kunye nokuhlanjululwa.