Indlela yokuphucula i-Cellulose Ether Production?

Kima Chemical Co.,Ltd Ndingathanda uku ukwazisa ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa i-cellulose ether kunye nezixhobo kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, kwaye ihlalutya iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ze-kneader kunye ne-colter reactor kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-cellulose ether. Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lweshishini le-cellulose ether, amandla okuvelisa iseti enye yezixhobo zitshintsha ukusuka kumakhulu eetoni ukuya kwiitoni ezingamawaka aliqela. Ngumkhwa ongenakuthintelwa ukuba isixhobo esitsha sithathe indawo yesixhobo esidala.

Amagama angundoqo: i-cellulose ether; izixhobo zokuvelisa; isixovulelo i-colter reactor

Xa sijonga emva kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo yoshishino lwe-cellulose ether yaseTshayina, lishumi leminyaka elizukileyo kuphuhliso loshishino lwe-cellulose ether. Umthamo wemveliso ye-cellulose ether ifikelele kwiitoni ezingaphezu kwama-250,000. Kwi-2007, imveliso ye-CMC yayiyi-122,000 yeetoni, kwaye imveliso ye-non-ionic cellulose ether yayiyi-62,000 yeetoni. I-10,000 yeetoni ze-cellulose ether (ngowe-1999, eTshayina'Iyonke imveliso ye-cellulose ether yayiziitoni ezingama-25,660 kuphela), ibalwa ngaphezu kwekota yehlabathi.'s imveliso; inani lamawaka eetoni zamashishini zingene ngempumelelo kuluhlu lwamashishini enqanaba le-10,000-toni; iintlobo zemveliso ziye zanda kakhulu , Umgangatho wemveliso uphuculwe ngokuthe ngcembe; emva kwakho konke oku kukukhula ngakumbi kwetheknoloji yenkqubo kunye nokuphuculwa ngakumbi kwinqanaba lezixhobo zemveliso. Xa kuthelekiswa nenqanaba eliphezulu langaphandle, umsantsa uncitshiswe kakhulu.

Eli nqaku lazisa uphuhliso lwamva nje lwenkqubo yokuvelisa i-cellulose yasekhaya kunye nokuphuculwa kwezixhobo kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kwaye yazisa umsebenzi owenziwe yiZhejiang Chemical Industry Research Institute kuphando nokuphuhlisa izixhobo zokuvelisa i-cellulose ether esekelwe kwithiyori kunye nokucinga kweshishini lemichiza eluhlaza. Umsebenzi wophando kwi-cellulose ether alkalization etherification reactor.

1. Itekhnoloji yokuvelisa kunye nezixhobo ze-cellulose ether CMC yasekhaya kwiminyaka yoo-1990

Ukusukela oko iShanghai Celluloid Factory iphuhlise inkqubo yamanzi ephakathi ngo-1958, inkqubo yokunyibilikisa enesixhobo esinye esisezantsi kunye nezinye iinkqubo zemveliso ziye zasetyenziswa ukuvelisa iCMC. Kwasekhaya, ii-kneaders zisetyenziselwa ukusabela kwe-etherification. Ngoo-1990, umthamo wonyaka wemveliso yesityalo esinye semveliso yeCMC yabaninzi abavelisi yayiyi-200-500 yeetoni, kunye neemodeli eziphambili zokusabela kwe-etherification yayiyi-1.5m.³ kunye ne3m³ abaxoki. Nangona kunjalo, xa i-kneader isetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuphendula, ngenxa yesantya esicothayo sengalo exovayo, ixesha elide lokuphendula i-etherification, umlinganiselo ophezulu wokuphendulwa kwecala, izinga eliphantsi lokusetyenziswa kwe-ejenti yokulinganisa, kunye nokungahambelani kakuhle kwe-etherification. etherification reaction substituent distribution, eyona meko yokusabela engundoqo Umzekelo, ukulawulwa komlinganiselo webhafu, uxinaniso lwealkali kunye nesantya sokuxova ingalo alilunganga, ngoko ke kunzima ukuqaphela uqikelelo lwehomogeneity yokusabela kwe-etherification, kwaye kunzima ngakumbi ukuqhuba ugqithiso oluninzi. kunye nophando lwe-permeation lwempendulo ye-etherification enzulu. Ke ngoko, i-kneader inemida ethile njengesixhobo sokuphendula se-CMC, kwaye yibhotile yophuhliso loshishino lwe-cellulose ether. Ukungafezeki kweemodeli eziphambili zokusabela kwe-etherification kwiminyaka yoo-1990 kunokushwankathelwa ngamagama amathathu: encinci (imveliso encinci yesixhobo esinye), iphantsi (izinga eliphantsi lokusetyenziswa kwe-etherification arhente), imbi (i-etherification reaction ithatha indawo Ukufana kwesiseko sosasazo). lihlwempu). Ngenxa yeziphene kwisakhiwo se-kneader, kuyimfuneko ukuphuhlisa izixhobo zokusabela ezinokukhawulezisa ukusabela kwe-etherification yezinto eziphathekayo, kunye nokusasazwa kwe-substituents kwi-etherification reaction ifana kakhulu, ukuze izinga lokusetyenziswa. ye-arhente ye-etherification iphezulu. Ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1990, amashishini amaninzi asekhaya aselulosini ayenethemba lokuba iZhejiang Research Institute of Chemical Industry iza kuphanda kwaye iphuhlise izixhobo zokuvelisa ezifunwa ngokungxamisekileyo lishishini le-cellulose ether. IZiko loPhando laseZhejiang loShishino lweMichiza laqala ukubandakanyeka kuphando lwenkqubo yokuxuba umgubo kunye nezixhobo kwiminyaka yoo-1970, lenza iqela eliqinileyo le-R & D, laza lafumana iziphumo ezanelisayo. Ubuchwephesha obuninzi kunye nezixhobo ziye zanikezelwa nguMphathiswa woShishino lweMichiza kunye neSayensi yeZhejiang kunye neMbasa yeNkqubela yeTekhnoloji. Kwiminyaka ye-1980, sabambisana neZiko loPhando loMlilo laseTianjin loMphathiswa woKhuseleko loLuntu ukuphuhlisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokuvelisa umgubo owomileyo, ophumelele ibhaso lesithathu loMphathiswa woKhuseleko loLuntu lweSayensi kunye neTekhnoloji yeNkqubela yeNkcubeko; ngeminyaka yoo-1990, siye saphanda saza savelisa iteknoloji yokuxuba ulwelo oluqinileyo kunye nezixhobo. Ukuqonda amathemba ophuhliso lwexesha elizayo kwishishini le-cellulose ether, abaphandi be-Zhejiang Provincial Research Institute of Chemical Industry baqala ukuphanda nokuphuhlisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokuvelisa i-cellulose ether.

2. Inkqubo yophuhliso lwereactor ekhethekileyo ye-cellulose ether

2.1 Iimpawu ze-colter mixer

Umgaqo osebenzayo we-colter mixer kukuba phantsi kwesenzo se-agitator emile okwekhuba, umgubo kumatshini uphazamisekile ecaleni kodonga lwesilinda kwindlela ejikelezayo kunye ne-radial kwelinye icala, kwaye umgubo uphonswa macala omabini. yekhuba kwelinye icala. Iindlela zokuhamba ziwela kwaye zingqubuzane, ngaloo ndlela zivelisa i-vortex ephazamisayo kwaye zenze uluhlu olupheleleyo lwentshukumo yendawo ye-three-dimensional. Ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kakuhle kwe-fluidity ye-fibrous reaction material ekrwada, ezinye iimodeli azikwazi ukuqhuba ukujikeleza, i-radial kunye neentshukumo ze-axial zeselulosi kwi-cylinder. Ngophando lwenkqubo yokuvelisa i-CMC kunye nezixhobo zoshishino lwe-cellulose ether ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo iminyaka engama-30 yeziphumo zophando, umxube we-colter ophuhliswe kwi-1980s ekuqaleni wakhethwa njengomzekelo osisiseko wokuphuhliswa kweselulosi. izixhobo zokusabela ether.

2.2 Inkqubo yophuhliso lwe-colter reactor

Ngovavanyo lomatshini omncinci wokulinga, ngokwenene ufumene isiphumo esingcono kunesosixovu. Nangona kunjalo, xa zisetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo kwishishini le-cellulose ether, kusekho ezi ngxaki zilandelayo: 1) Kwimpendulo ye-etherification, umbane we-fibrous reaction umbi kakhulu, ngoko ke ukwakhiwa kwe-colter yayo kunye nemela ephaphazelayo ayikho. ngokwaneleyo. Qhuba i-cellulose ukuba ihambe kwi-circumferential, radial and axial directions of the barrel, ngoko ke ukuxubana kwe-reactants akwanelanga, okukhokelela ekusetyenzisweni okuphantsi kwee-reactants kunye neemveliso ezimbalwa. 2) Ngenxa yokungalungi kakuhle kwe-shaft ephambili exhaswa yiimbambo, kulula ukubangela ukunyaniseka emva kokusebenza kunye nengxaki yokuvuza kwe-shaft seal; ngoko ke, umoya wangaphandle uhlasela kalula i-cylinder nge-shaft seal kwaye ichaphazela ukusebenza kwe-vacuum kwi-cylinder, okubangelwa ngumgubo kwi-cylinder. Baleka. 3) Iivalve zabo zokukhupha ziyi-valve ye-flapper okanye i-disc valves. Owokuqala kulula ukuphefumla umoya wangaphandle ngenxa yokusebenza kakubi kokutywinwa, ngelixa okokugqibela kulula ukugcina izinto kwaye kubangele ukulahlekelwa kwe-reactants. Ngoko ke, ezi ngxaki kufuneka zisonjululwe nganye nganye.

Abaphandi baye baphucula uyilo lwe-colter reactor amaxesha amaninzi, kwaye bayinikezela kumashishini amaninzi e-cellulose ether ukuze kusetyenziswe ulingo, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe baphucula uyilo ngokwengxelo. Ngokutshintsha imilo yesakhiwo se-coulters kunye nokulungelelaniswa kokulungelelaniswa kwee-coulters ezimbini ezikufutshane kumacala omabini e-shaft engundoqo, ii-reactants phantsi kwesenzo se-coulters kungekhona nje i-turbulence kwi-circumferential kunye ne-radial directions ecaleni kodonga lwangaphakathi lwe-cylinder, kodwa. kwakhona Ukutshiza kwicala eliqhelekileyo lamacala omabini e-colter, ngoko ke ii-reactants zixutywe ngokupheleleyo, kwaye i-alkalization kunye ne-etherification reactions ezigqityiweyo kwinkqubo yokuxuba zicokisekile, izinga lokusetyenziswa kwe-reactants liphezulu, isantya sokusabela sikhawuleza kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuphantsi. Ngaphezu koko, izitywina ze-shaft kunye nezihlalo ezithwele kuzo zombini iziphelo ze-cylinder zigxininiswe kwi-plate yokugqibela ye-bracket ngokusebenzisa i-flange ukunyusa ukuqina kwe-shaft enkulu, ngoko ke umsebenzi uzinzile. Ngelo xesha, umphumo wokutywinwa kwe-shaft seal unokuqinisekiswa ngenxa yokuba i-shaft ephambili ayigobi kwaye iphazamise, kwaye i-powder kwi-cylinder ayiphumi. Ngokutshintsha isakhiwo se-valve yokukhupha kunye nokwandisa ububanzi betanki yokukhupha, ayikwazi ukukhusela ngokufanelekileyo ukugcinwa kwezinto kwi-valve yokukhupha, kodwa nokuthintela ukulahlekelwa kwezinto eziphathekayo ngexesha lokukhupha, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukulahlekelwa kokuphendula. iimveliso. Ubume be-reactor entsha bunengqiqo. Ayinakukwazi ukubonelela kuphela indawo ezinzileyo kwaye enokwethenjelwa yokulungiselela i-cellulose ether CMC, kodwa iphinde ikhusele ngokufanelekileyo i powder kwi-cylinder ekubalekeni ngokuphucula umoya we-shaft seal kunye ne-valve yokukhupha. Ubuhlobo bendalo, ukuqonda ingcamango yoyilo yoshishino lweekhemikhali eziluhlaza.

2.3 Ukuphuhliswa kwe-colter reactor

Ngenxa yeziphene ezincinci, eziphantsi, kunye ne-kneader ezihluphekileyo, i-colter reactor ingene kwizityalo ezininzi zemveliso zasekhaya ze-CMC, kwaye iimveliso ziquka iimodeli ezintandathu ze-4m.³, 6m³,8m³, 10m³, 15m³kunye, kunye ne26m³. Ngo-2007, i-coult reactor yaphumelela imodeli yesizwe yogunyaziso lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza (inombolo yopapasho lwelungelo elilodwa: CN200957344). Emva kwe-2007, i-reactor ekhethekileyo ye-non-ionic cellulose umgca wokuvelisa i-ether (njenge-MC / HPMC) yaphuhliswa. Okwangoku, imveliso yasekhaya ye-CMC ithatha kakhulu indlela yokunyibilikisa.

Ngokwengxelo yangoku evela kubavelisi be-cellulose ether, ukusetyenziswa kwe-colter reactors kunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-solvent nge-20% ukuya kwi-30%, kwaye ngokunyuka kwezixhobo zokuvelisa, kukho ukuncitshiswa kokusetyenziswa kwe-solvent. Ekubeni i-reactor ye-colter inokufikelela kwi-15-26m³, ukufana kwe-substituent distribution kwi-etherification reaction ingcono kakhulu kune-kneader.

3. Ezinye izixhobo zokuvelisa ze-cellulose ether

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngelixa kusenziwa i-cellulose ether alkalization kunye ne-etherification reactors, ezinye iimodeli ezizezinye ziphantsi kophuhliso.

Umphakamisi womoya (inombolo yopapasho lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza: CN200955897). Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-CMC yokunyibilikisa, irake vacuum dryer yayisetyenziswa ikakhulu ekubuyiseni isinyibilikisi kunye nenkqubo yokomisa kwixesha elidlulileyo, kodwa iraki vacuum dryer inokusebenza kuphela ngamaxesha athile, ngelixa isiphakamisi somoya sinokuqonda ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo. Isiphakamisi somoya sityumza imathiriyeli ye-CMC ngokujikeleza okukhawulezileyo kwee-coulters kunye neemela ezibhabhayo kwi-cylinder ukunyusa umgangatho wokuhambisa ubushushu, kunye nokutshiza umphunga kwi-cylinder ukuze uvuthulule ngokupheleleyo i-ethanol kwizinto ze-CMC kunye nokuququzelela ukubuyiswa, ngaloo ndlela Ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso. CMC kwaye ugcine izixhobo ze-ethanol, kwaye ugqibezele ukusebenza kwenkqubo yokomisa i-ether cellulose ngaxeshanye. Imveliso ineemodeli ezimbini ze-6.2m³kunye ne8m³.

Igranulator (inombolo yokupapasha ipatent: CN200957347). Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-cellulose ether ngendlela ye-solvent, i-twin-screw extrusion granulator yayisetyenziswa kakhulu kwixesha elidlulileyo ukuze kufakwe i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose imathiriyeli emva kokusabela kwe-etherification, ukuhlamba kunye nokomisa. I-ZLH yohlobo lwe-cellulose ether granulator ayikwazi kuphela i-granulate ngokuqhubekayo njenge-twin-screw extrusion granulator ekhoyo, kodwa iyakwazi ukususa ngokuqhubekayo izinto eziphathekayo ngokutyisa umoya kwi-cylinder kunye nokupholisa amanzi kwijacket. Ukuphendula ubushushu benkunkuma, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe umgangatho wegranulation, kunye nokugcina umbane, kwaye kunokonyusa izinga lemveliso ngokunyusa isantya sokusonta, kwaye kunokulungelelanisa ukuphakama kwenqanaba lezinto ngokweemfuno zenkqubo. Imveliso ineemodeli ezimbini ze-3.2m³kunye ne4m³.

Umxube womoya (inombolo yopapasho lwelungelo elilodwa: CN200939372). I-MQH uhlobo lomxube wokuhamba komoya luthumela umoya oxinzelelweyo kwigumbi lokuxuba nge-nozzle kwintloko yokuxuba, kwaye izinto eziphathekayo ziphakama ngokukhawuleza kunye nodonga lwe-cylinder kunye nomoya oxinzelelweyo ukuze zenze imeko yokuxuba amanzi. Emva kokuvuthela kwe-pulse kunye nokunqumamisa kwamathuba amaninzi, ukuxutywa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokufana kwemathiriyeli kumthamo opheleleyo kunokufezekiswa. Umahluko phakathi kweebhetshi ezahlukeneyo zemveliso zihlanganiswa ngokuxutywa. Okwangoku, kukho iintlobo ezintlanu zeemveliso: 15m³, 30m³, 50m³, 80m³, kunye ne-100m³.

Nangona umsantsa phakathi kwezixhobo zemveliso ye-cellulose ether yelizwe lam kunye namanqanaba angaphandle angaphandle ayancipha ngakumbi, kusafuneka ukuba kuphuculwe ngakumbi umgangatho wenkqubo kunye nokwenza uphuculo olungakumbi ukujongana neengxaki ezingahambelani nezixhobo zokuvelisa zangoku.

4. Umbono

ilizwe lam ishishini cellulose ether ngenkuthalo ukuphuhlisa uyilo kunye nokusebenza izixhobo ezitsha, nokudibanisa iimpawu izixhobo ngokuqhubekayo ukuphucula inkqubo. Abavelisi kunye nabavelisi bezixhobo sele beqalisile ukuphuhlisa ngokudibeneyo kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo ezitsha. Zonke ezi zibonakalisa inkqubela yoshishino lwelizwe lam lwe-cellulose ether. , eli khonkco liya kuba nefuthe elibalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni ishishini. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imveliso ye-cellulose ether yelizwe lam, esekwe kwitekhnoloji eneempawu zaseTshayina, iye yafunxa amava aphambili ehlabathi, yazisa izixhobo zangaphandle, okanye yasebenzisa ngokupheleleyo izixhobo zasekhaya ukugqibezela inguquko esuka “kwinto emdaka, emdaka, emdaka”. kunye nokuveliswa kweworkshop yabasebenzi kakhulu ukuya Ukutshintshwa komatshini kunye ne-automation ukuphumeza umtsi omkhulu kumthamo wemveliso, umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwishishini le-cellulose ether ibe yinjongo eqhelekileyo yabenzi belizwe lam be-cellulose ether.