IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) yinto ebalulekileyo ephuma kwi cellulose. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizinto zokwakha ngenxa yokugcinwa kwamanzi okugqwesileyo, ukutyeba kunye nokuzinza kwisakhiwo sodaka.
1. Ubume beMichiza kunye neempawu ze-HPMC
I-HPMC yimathiriyeli yepolymer esebenzayo eyenziwe ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali zeselulosi yendalo. Kwisakhiwo sayo sekhemikhali, i-hydroxypropyl (-CH₂CH (OH)CH₃) kunye ne-methyl (-CH₃) amaqela athatha indawo yamaqela e-hydroxyl (-OH) kwikhonkco ye-cellulose ye-molecular, okwenza i-HPMC ibe ne-solubility yamanzi kunye neempawu zokuqina.
Ukunyibilika: I-HPMC inyibilika ngokulula emanzini abandayo ukwenza i-transparent to milky colloidal solution. Inyibilika kancinane emanzini ashushu, nto leyo enceda ukuba isasazwe ngokulinganayo kudaka lwesakhiwo.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi: I-polymer chain ye-HPMC inokufunxa ngokufanelekileyo amanzi kwaye yenze isisombululo esiphezulu se-viscosity colloidal, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ukulahleka kwamanzi.
Uzinzo: I-HPMC inozinzo oluhle kakhulu lweekhemikhali kunye nokunyamezela kwiqondo lokushisa kunye nexabiso le-pH, eyenza ukuba isebenze ngokuzinzileyo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokwakha.
2. Indima ye-HPMC ekwakheni udaka
Ukwandisa ugcino lwamanzi: I-HPMC inokuphucula ngokubonakalayo umthamo wokugcina amanzi wokwakha udaka, ikakhulu ngokufunxa amanzi asimahla kudaka kunye nokunciphisa ukuphuphuma kwamanzi kunye nokuvuza.
Ukuphucula ukusebenza: Ekubeni i-HPMC inokwenza uthungelwano oluhle olusasazwe kudaka, lunokuphucula iplastiki kunye nokusebenza kodaka, ukwenza ukwakhiwa kube lula ngakumbi.
Yandisa ixesha elivulekileyo: Ukukwazi kwe-HPMC ukugcina ukufuma kuvumela udaka ukugcina ukuhambelana okufanelekileyo ukwakhiwa ixesha elide, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa ixesha elivulekileyo lodaka.
3. Inkqubo ye-HPMC yokuphucula ukugcinwa kwamanzi
Indlela ye-HPMC yokuphucula ugcino lwamanzi odaka ikakhulu ibandakanya le miba ilandelayo:
I-Adsorption: Amaqela e-hydroxypropyl kunye ne-methyl kwitsheyina lemolekyuli ye-HPMC idibanisa neemolekyuli zamanzi ngokusebenzisa iibhondi ze-hydrogen kunye ne-van der Waals amandla okwenza umaleko ozinzileyo we-hydration. I-HPMC inokufunxa isixa esikhulu samanzi ukwenza ijeli ezinzileyo. Le meko yejeli inokugcina umthamo ophezulu wokufuma kwidaka kwaye ithintele ukuphuphuma kwamanzi ngokukhawuleza.
Iimpawu ze-Viscoelastic: I-HPMC inyibilika emanzini ukwenza isisombululo esiphezulu se-viscosity colloidal, enokunyusa kakhulu i-viscosity kunye ne-rheology yodaka. Inqanaba eliphezulu le-viscosity liquid phase linceda ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwamanzi, ukugcina ukuhanjiswa okufanayo kwamanzi kumdaka, kunye nokunciphisa umphumo wokwahlula kwamanzi (oko kukuthi, ukudada kwamanzi kunye nemvula).
Ukwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi yezakhiwo: I-HPMC inokwenza i-cross-linked network structure kwisisombululo esinamanzi, esinceda ukutshixa emanzini kunye nokuthintela ukuhamba kwayo kumdaka, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukugcinwa kwamanzi omdaka. Esi sakhiwo sothungelwano se-HPMC sivumela udaka ukuba luhlale lufumile ngokufanayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqina, ukuphepha iingxaki zokuqhekeka ezibangelwa yilahleko yamanzi engalinganiyo.
Impembelelo yesithintelo se-Colloidal: Isithintelo se-colloidal esenziwe yi-HPMC kudaka sinokuthintela amanzi ukuba asasazeke ngaphandle. Esi siphumo sesithintelo senza kube nzima ngakumbi ukuba amanzi abaleke eludongeni, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka.
4. Isiphumo esisebenzayo sokugcinwa kwamanzi kweHPMC
Kwizicelo eziphathekayo, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC kunempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kodaka, kubandakanywa nokuphucula ukusebenza kodaka, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwe-shrinkage, kunye nokuphucula amandla ebhondi. Ezi ziphumo zesicelo zixoxwa ngokubanzi ngezantsi.
Ukuphucula ukusebenza: Isisombululo se-colloidal esenziwe yi-HPMC kumdaka sinokuthambisa amaqhekeza kumdaka, ukuphucula ukusebenza kodaka, kwaye wenze inkqubo yokwakha ibe lula.
Ukunciphisa i-shrinkage kunye nokuqhekeka: Ekubeni i-HPMC inokugcina umswakama kumdaka, inciphisa ukulahlekelwa ngumswakama ngexesha lenkqubo yokomisa, okubalulekileyo ukuphepha ukushwabana kunye nokuqhekeka kodaka. Udaka oluhlala lufumile ngokulinganayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqina lunoxinzelelo oluncinci lokucutheka, ngaloo ndlela lunciphisa amathuba okuqhekeka.
Ukuphucula amandla ebhondi: Umswakama osasazwa ngokulinganayo kumdaka unceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-hydration reaction of the mortar, ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaqhekeza e-samente agcwele ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ekugqibeleni enze ibhondi eqinile. I-HPMC inokubonelela ngemeko-bume efumileyo yexesha elide, isenza i-cement hydration igqibelele ngakumbi, ngaloo ndlela iphucula amandla ebhondi yodaka.
5. Izinto ezichaphazela i-HPMC kwisakhiwo sodaka
Isiphumo sokugcina amanzi se-HPMC sichatshazelwa zizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa ubunzima bayo bemolekyuli, iqondo lokutshintshwa, isixa esongezelelweyo kunye nomlinganiselo wodaka.
Ubunzima bemolekyuli: Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubukhulu bemolekyuli ye-HPMC, ibaluleke ngakumbi isiphumo sokugcina amanzi. Nangona kunjalo, ubunzima obukhulu be-molekyuli bunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukunyibilika, ngoko ke kwizicelo eziphathekayo, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha ubunzima beemolekyuli ezifanelekileyo ngokweemfuno ezithile.
Iqondo lokutshintshwa: Iqondo lokutshintshwa kwe-hydroxypropyl kunye ne-methyl kwi-HPMC inempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kwayo. Iqondo elifanelekileyo lokutshintshwa kunokubonelela ngokugcinwa kwamanzi okulungileyo kunye nokunyibilika, kodwa ukutshintshwa okuphezulu okanye okuphantsi kakhulu kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwayo.
Imali eyongeziweyo: Imali eyongeziweyo ye-HPMC ichaphazela ngqo ugcino lwamanzi lodaka. Ngokubanzi, isixa esongezelelweyo siphakathi kwe-0.1% kunye ne-0.3%. Ukongezwa kakhulu kuya kwandisa ixabiso kwaye kunokuchaphazela ezinye iimpawu zodaka.
Umlinganiselo wodaka: Umlinganiselo wamanye amacandelo kudaka, njengesamente, isanti kunye nesithambiso, nawo uya kuchaphazela umphumo wokugcina amanzi we-HPMC. Umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo unokudlala ngcono indima ye-HPMC.
I-HPMC idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni amanzi ekwakhiweni kodaka ngokusebenzisa ulwakhiwo olulodwa lweekhemikhali kunye neempawu zomzimba. iindlela zayo eziphambili ziquka adsorbing amanzi ukwenza umaleko oluzinzileyo hydration, ukwandisa udaka viscosity, ukwenza isakhiwo womnatha kunye umqobo colloidal, njl. Kwizicelo eziphathekayo, i-HPMC ayiphuculi kuphela ukusebenza kunye namandla okubopha udaka, kodwa kunciphisa umngcipheko ukushwabana nokuqhekeka. Kwixesha elizayo, ngophuhliso lwesayensi yezinto, ukusetyenziswa kwe-HPMC kwizinto zokwakha kuya kuba kuninzi kwaye kuhluke, kwaye kuqhubeke nokubonelela ngezisombululo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kushishino lokwakha.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-26-2024