I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (i-sodium carboxyme thyl cellulose, i-CMC) yi-carboxymethylated derivative ye-cellulose, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-cellulose gum, kwaye yeyona gum ye-ionic cellulose ibalulekileyo.
I-CMC idla ngokuba yi-anionic polymer compound elungiselelwe ngokusabela i-cellulose yendalo kunye ne-caustic alkali kunye ne-monochloroacetic acid. Ubunzima bemolekyuli bekhompawundi buhluka ukusuka kumawaka aliqela ukuya kwisigidi esinye.
I-CMC yeyokuguqulwa kwe-cellulose yendalo, kwaye i-Food and Agriculture Organisation yeZizwe eziManyeneyo (i-FAO) kunye noMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (i-WHO) bayibize ngokusemthethweni "i-cellulose elungisiweyo". Indlela yokudibanisa ye-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose yaqanjwa ngu-German E. Jansen ngo-1918, kwaye yayinelungelo elilodwa lomenzi ngo-1921 kwaye yaziwa kwihlabathi, kwaye emva koko yathengiswa eYurophu.
I-CMC isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-petroleum, geological , kwimichiza yemihla ngemihla, ukutya, amayeza kunye namanye amashishini, aziwa ngokuba yi "industrial monosodium glutamate".
※Iipropati zesakhiwo se-CMC
I-CMC ngumgubo omhlophe okanye okhanyayo otyheli, igranular okanye i-fibrous solid. Yikhemikhali ye-macromolecular ekwazi ukufunxa amanzi kwaye idumbe. Xa idumba emanzini, inokwenza iglue ebonakalayo ebonakalayo. I-pH yokumiswa kwamanzi ngu-6.5-8.5. I-substance ayinyibiliki kwii-solvents eziphilayo ezifana ne-ethanol, i-ether, i-acetone kunye ne-chloroform.
I-Solid CMC izinzile kukukhanya kunye nobushushu begumbi, kwaye inokugcinwa ixesha elide kwindawo eyomileyo. I-CMC luhlobo lwe-ether yeselulosi, edla ngokwenziwa ngeelitha zomqhaphu ezimfutshane (umxholo weselulosi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-98%) okanye i-pulp yamaplanga, iphathwe nge-sodium hydroxide kwaye yasabela nge-sodium monochloroacetate, ubunzima bemolekyuli yekhompawundi yi-6400 (± 1000). Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho iindlela ezimbini zokulungiselela: indlela yamalahle amanzi kunye nendlela yokunyibilikisa. Kukho nezinye iintsinga zezityalo ezisetyenziselwa ukulungisa i-CMC.
※Iimpawu kunye nezicelo
I-CMC ayisiyiyo kuphela i-emulsification stabilizer elungileyo kunye ne-thickener kwizicelo zokutya, kodwa inozinzo oluhle lokukhenkceza kunye nokunyibilika, kwaye inokuphucula incasa yemveliso kwaye yandise ixesha lokugcina.
Ngo-1974, uMbutho woKutya kunye nezoLimo weZizwe eziManyeneyo (i-FAO) kunye noMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (i-WHO) wavuma ukusetyenziswa kwe-CMC ecocekileyo ekutyeni emva kophando olungqongqo lwebhayoloji kunye netyhefu kunye novavanyo. Ukuthathwa ngokukhuselekileyo (ADI) komgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe yi-25mg/kg ubunzima bomzimba/usuku.
※Ti-hickening kunye nokuzinza kwe-emulsion
Ukutya i-CMC kunokwenza i-emulsify kwaye izinze iziselo ezinamafutha kunye neprotheni. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-CMC iba yi-colloid ezinzileyo ecacileyo emva kokuchithwa emanzini, kwaye iiprotheyini zamasuntswana zibe ngamasuntswana kunye nentlawulo efanayo phantsi kokhuseleko lwe-colloidal inwebu, enokwenza i-protein particles kwimo ezinzile. Inomphumo othile we-emulsifying, ngoko inokunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa komhlaba phakathi kwamafutha kunye namanzi ngexesha elifanayo, ukwenzela ukuba amanqatha afakwe ngokupheleleyo.
I-CMC inokuphucula ukuzinza kwemveliso, kuba xa ixabiso le-pH lemveliso lisuka kwindawo ye-isoelectric yeprotheni, i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose inokwenza isakhiwo esidibeneyo kunye neprotheni, enokuphucula ukuzinza kwemveliso.
※Yandisa isambuku
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-CMC kwi-ayisikrimu kunokunyusa izinga lokwandiswa kwe-ayisikrimu, ukuphucula isantya sokunyibilika, ukunika imilo elungileyo kunye nencasa, kunye nokulawula ubungakanani kunye nokukhula kweekristale zomkhenkce ngexesha lokuthutha kunye nokugcinwa. Isixa-mali esisetyenzisiweyo yi-0.5% yetotali yodibaniso lweProportioned.
Oku kungenxa yokuba i-CMC inokugcinwa kakuhle kwamanzi kunye ne-dispersibility, kunye ne-organically idibanisa amasuntswana eprotheni, i-globules yamafutha, kunye neemolekyuli zamanzi kwi-colloid ukwenza inkqubo efanayo kunye nezinzile.
※I-Hydrophilicity kunye nokubuyisela amanzi emanzini
Le propati esebenzayo ye-CMC isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso yesonka, enokwenza i-honeycomb iyunifomu, ikhulise umthamo, inciphise i-drags, kwaye ibe nefuthe lokugcinwa kobushushu kunye nokutsha; ii-noodles zongezwe nge-CMC zinamandla okubamba amanzi, ukumelana nokupheka, kunye nencasa elungileyo.
Oku kunqunywe yi-molecular structure ye-CMC, eyi-cellulose derivative kwaye inenani elikhulu lamaqela e-hydrophilic kwi-chain chain: -OH iqela, iqela le-COONA, ngoko ke i-CMC ine-hydrophilicity engcono kune-cellulose kunye nomthamo wokubamba amanzi.
※ Ukuhlamba
Thixotropic CMC kuthetha ukuba imixokelelwane macromolecular umlinganiselo othile wokusebenzisana kwaye bathande ukwenza isakhiwo ezintathu-dimensional. Emva kokuba isakhiwo se-dimensional senziwe, i-viscosity yesisombululo iyanda, kwaye emva kokuba isakhiwo se-dimensional siphulwe, i-viscosity iyancipha. I-thixotropy phenomenon kukuba utshintsho olubonakalayo lwe-viscosity luxhomekeke kwixesha.
Thixotropic CMC idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi-gelling system kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-jelly, i-jam kunye nokunye ukutya.
Inokusetyenziswa njenge-clarifier, i-foam stabilizer, ukwandisa umlomo
I-CMC ingasetyenziswa kwimveliso yewayini ukwenza incasa ibethambile kwaye ityebe ngencasa ende ende; inokusetyenziswa njenge-foam stabilizer kwimveliso yebhiya ukwenza i-foam ityebile kwaye ihlale ixesha elide kwaye iphucule incasa.
I-CMC luhlobo lwe-polyelectrolyte, enokuthi ibandakanyeke kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zewayini ukugcina ibhalansi yomzimba wewayini. Ngelo xesha, iphinda idibanise kunye neekristali eziye zakha, ukuguqula isakhiwo se-crystals, ukuguqula iimeko zobukho be-crystals kwiwayini, kunye nokubangela imvula. Ukudityaniswa kwezinto.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-03-2022