1. Ubume bemolekyuli
Ubume bemolekyuli ye-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) inempembelelo eqinisekileyo ekunyibilikeni kwayo emanzini. I-CMC iphuma kwiselulosi, kwaye inkalo yayo yolwakhiwo kukuba amaqela e-hydroxyl kwikhonkco leselulosi athathwe ngokuyinxenye okanye ngokupheleleyo endaweni yawo ngamaqela e-carboxymethyl. I-degree of substitution (DS) yiparameter engundoqo, ebonisa inani eliqhelekileyo lamaqela e-hydroxyl athatyathelwe indawo ngamaqela e-carboxymethyl kwiyunithi nganye ye-glucose. Ukuphakama kweqondo lokutshintshela, kokukhona ukuqina kwe-hydrophilicity ye-CMC, kunye nokunyibilika okukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, iqondo eliphezulu kakhulu lokutshintshela kunokukhokelela ekuphuculeni intsebenziswano phakathi kweeathom, nto leyo enciphisa ukunyibilika. Ngoko ke, iqondo lokutshintsha lilingana nokunyibilika phakathi koluhlu oluthile.
2. Ubunzima bemolekyuli
Ubunzima bemolekyuli yeCMC buchaphazela ukunyibilika kwayo. Ngokubanzi, ubuncinci ubunzima bemolekyuli, kokukhona ukunyibilika okukhulu. Ubunzima bemolekyuli ephezulu ye-CMC inomxokelelwane omde kwaye ontsonkothileyo wemolekyuli, okhokelela ekwandeni kwe-entanglement kunye nokusebenzisana kwisisombululo, ukunciphisa ukunyibilika kwayo. Ubunzima bemolekyuli ephantsi i-CMC inokwenzeka ukuba yenze intsebenziswano elungileyo kunye neemolekyuli zamanzi, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukunyibilika.
3. Ubushushu
Ubushushu yinto ebalulekileyo echaphazela ukunyibilika kwe-CMC. Ngokubanzi, ukunyuka kobushushu kwandisa ukunyibilika kwe-CMC. Oku kungenxa yokuba amaqondo obushushu aphezulu onyusa amandla e-kinetic eemolekyuli zamanzi, ngaloo ndlela etshabalalisa iibhondi zehydrogen kunye namandla e-van der Waals phakathi kweemolekyuli zeCMC, zenza kube lula ukunyibilika emanzini. Nangona kunjalo, ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu bunokubangela i-CMC ukuba ibole okanye i-denature, engabangeli ukuchithwa.
4. ixabiso le-pH
Ukunyibilika kwe-CMC kukwaxhomekeke kakhulu kwi-pH yesisombululo. Kwindawo engathathi hlangothi okanye ye-alkaline, amaqela e-carboxyl kwiimolekyuli ze-CMC ziya ku-ionize zibe yi-COO⁻ ions, okwenza ii-molecule ze-CMC zihlawuliswe kakubi, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula intsebenziswano kunye neemolekyuli zamanzi kunye nokuphucula ukunyibilika. Nangona kunjalo, phantsi kweemeko ezine-asidi eqinile, i-ionization yamaqela e-carboxyl iyathintelwa kwaye ukunyibilika kunokuncipha. Ukongeza, iimeko ezigqithisileyo ze-pH zinokubangela ukuthotywa kwe-CMC, ngaloo ndlela kuchaphazela ukunyibilika kwayo.
5. Amandla e-Ionic
Amandla e-ionic emanzini achaphazela ukunyibilika kweCMC. Izisombululo ezinamandla aphezulu e-ionic zinokukhokelela ekuphuculweni kokungathathi hlangothi kombane phakathi kweeathom ze-CMC, ukunciphisa ukunyibilika kwayo. Isiphumo setyuwa siyinto eqhelekileyo, apho ugxininiso lwe-ion ephezulu lunciphisa ukunyibilika kwe-CMC emanzini. Amandla e-ionic asezantsi adla ngokunceda i-CMC ukuba inyibilike.
6. Ukuqina kwamanzi
Ubulukhuni bamanzi, ubukhulu becala bugqitywe yi-calcium kunye ne-magnesium ion, bukwachaphazela ukunyibilika kwe-CMC. Ii-cations ezininzi kumanzi aqinileyo (anje ngeCa²⁺ kunye neMg²⁺) zinokwenza iibhulorho ze-ionic kunye namaqela e-carboxyl kwiimolekyuli ze-CMC, ezikhokelela ekudityanisweni kweemolekyuli kunye nokuncipha kokunyibilika. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, amanzi athambileyo alungele ukuchithwa ngokupheleleyo kwe-CMC.
7. Ukuphazamiseka
Ukuphazamiseka kunceda iCMC inyibilike emanzini. Ukuphazamiseka kwandisa indawo yokunxibelelana phakathi kwamanzi kunye ne-CMC, ikhuthaza inkqubo yokupheliswa. Ukuphazamiseka okwaneleyo kunokuthintela i-CMC ekubeni idibanise kwaye iyincede isasazeke ngokulinganayo emanzini, ngaloo ndlela inyusa ukunyibilika.
8. Iimeko zokugcina kunye nokusingatha
Iimeko zokugcina kunye nokusingatha i-CMC nazo zichaphazela iimpawu zayo zokunyibilika. Izinto ezinjengobumanzi, ubushushu, kunye nexesha logcino zinokuchaphazela imeko yomzimba kunye neepropathi zekhemikhali ze-CMC, ngaloo ndlela zichaphazela ukunyibilika kwayo. Ukuze kugcinwe i-solubility efanelekileyo ye-CMC, kufuneka igwenywe kwixesha elide lokuvezwa kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokufuma okuphezulu, kwaye ukupakishwa kufuneka kugcinwe kakuhle.
9. Impembelelo yezongezo
Ukongeza ezinye izinto, ezifana nezincedisi zokunyibilika okanye i-solubilizers, ngexesha lenkqubo yokuchithwa kwe-CMC inokutshintsha iimpawu zayo zokunyibilika. Umzekelo, ezinye ii-surfactants okanye izinyibilikisi zezinto eziphilayo ezinyibilikayo emanzini zinokunyusa ukunyibilika kwe-CMC ngokuguqula ukuxinana komphezulu wesisombululo okanye i-polarity ye-medium. Ukongeza, ezinye ii-ion ezithile okanye iikhemikhali zinokunxibelelana neemolekyuli zeCMC ukwenza izinto ezinyibilikayo, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ukunyibilika.
Izinto ezichaphazela ubuninzi be-solubility ye-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) emanzini ziquka isakhiwo sayo se-molecular, ubunzima be-molecular, ubushushu, ixabiso le-pH, amandla e-ionic, ukuqina kwamanzi, iimeko eziphazamisayo, ukugcinwa kunye neemeko zokuphatha, kunye nefuthe lezongezo. Le miba kufuneka iqwalaselwe ngokubanzi kwizicelo ezisebenzayo zokwandisa ukunyibilika kwe-CMC kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zesicelo. Ukuqonda le miba kubalulekile ekusetyenzisweni nasekuphathweni kwe-CMC kwaye kunceda ekuphuculeni iziphumo zesicelo sayo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-10-2024