Impembelelo ye-Cellulose Etere kwiiPropati zoMdaka

Iziphumo zeentlobo ezimbini ze-cellulose ethers ekusebenzeni kodaka zaphononongwa. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba zombini iintlobo ze-cellulose ethers zinokuphucula kakhulu ukugcinwa kwamanzi omdaka kunye nokunciphisa ukuhambelana kodaka; Amandla oxinzelelo ancitshiswe kwiidigri ezahlukeneyo, kodwa umlinganiselo wokugoba kunye namandla okudibanisa udaka anyuswe ngamadigri ahlukeneyo, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukwakhiwa kodaka.

Amagama angundoqo:i-cellulose ether; iarhente yokugcina amanzi; amandla okudibanisa

Iselulosi ether (MC)iphuma kwi cellulose yendalo. I-ether ye-cellulose ingasetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokugcina amanzi, i-thickener, i-binder, i-dipersant, i-stabilizer, i-agent yokumisa, i-emulsifier kunye ne-film-forming aid, njl. yodaka, ngoko ke i-cellulose ether yeyona isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ipholima enyibilikayo emanzini kudaka.

1. Izinto zokuvavanya kunye neendlela zokuvavanya

1.1 Iimathiriyeli ekrwada

Isamente: Isamente yePortland eqhelekileyo eveliswe yiJiaozuo Jianjian Cement Co., Ltd., enebakala lamandla le-42.5. Isanti: Nanyang isanti emthubi, fineness modulus 2.75, isanti eliphakathi. I-Cellulose ether (MC): I-C9101 eveliswe yi-Beijing Luojian Company kunye ne-HPMC eveliswe yi-Shanghai Huiguang Company.

1.2 Indlela yokuvavanya

Kule sifundo, umlinganiselo we-lime-sand wawuyi-1: 2, kwaye umlinganiselo wamanzi-samente wawuyi-0.45; i-cellulose ether yaxutywa nesamente kuqala, kwaye isanti yongezwa kwaye ixutywe ngokulinganayo. Idosi ye-cellulose ether ibalwa ngokwepesenti yobunzima besamente.

Uvavanyo lwamandla oxinzelelo kunye novavanyo oluhambelanayo lwenziwa ngokubhekiselele kwi-JGJ 70-90 "Iindlela zoVavanyo lweePropati eziSisiseko zoMdaka woKwakha". Uvavanyo lwamandla oluguquguqukayo lwenziwa ngokwe-GB/T 17671-1999 "Uvavanyo lwamandla e-Cement Mortar".

Uvavanyo lokugcinwa kwamanzi lwenziwa ngokwendlela yephepha lokucoca elisetyenziswa kumashishini okuvelisa ikhonkrithi yaseFransi. Inkqubo ethile yile ilandelayo: (1) beka iileya ezi-5 zephepha lokucoca elicothayo kwipleyiti yeplastiki esetyhula, kwaye ulinganise ubunzima bayo; (2) faka enye idibane ngqo nodaka Beka iphepha lokucoca ngesantya esiphezulu kwiphepha lokucoca isantya esicothayo, uze ucinezele isilinda esinobubanzi obungaphakathi obuyi-56 mm kunye nobude obungama-55 mm kwiphepha lokucoca elikhawulezayo; (3) Galela udaka kwi-cylinder; (4) Emva kodaka kunye nephepha lokucoca uqhagamshelwano lwemizuzu ye-15, phinda ulinganise Umgangatho wephepha elicothayo lokucoca kunye nediski yeplastiki; 5 (6) Umlinganiselo wokufunxa amanzi sisixhobo se-arithmetic seziphumo zovavanyo ezimbini. Ukuba umahluko phakathi kwamaxabiso esantya udlula i-10%, uvavanyo kufuneka luphindwe; (7) Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka kubonakaliswa ngumlinganiselo wokufunxa kwamanzi.

Uvavanyo lwamandla ebhondi lwenziwa ngokubhekiselele kwindlela ekhuthazwa yiJapan Society yeSayensi yeMpahla, kwaye amandla ebhondi abonakaliswe ngamandla e-flexural. Uvavanyo lwamkela isampulu yeprism ubukhulu bayo buyi-160mm×40mm×40mm. Isampulu eqhelekileyo yodaka eyenziwe kwangaphambili yaphiliswa ukuya kwiminyaka engama-28 d, emva koko yasikwa ibe ziziqingatha ezibini. Iziqingatha ezibini zesampulu zenziwa iisampulu ngodaka oluqhelekileyo okanye udaka lwepolymer, kwaye emva koko lwaphiliswa ngokwemvelo ngaphakathi kwindlu ukuya kwiminyaka ethile, kwaye emva koko kuvavanywa ngokwendlela yovavanyo lwamandla aguquguqukayo odaka lwesamente.

2. Iziphumo zovavanyo kunye nohlalutyo

2.1 Ukungqinelana

Ukusuka kwisiphumo se-cellulose ether ekungqinelani kodaka, kunokubonwa ukuba ngokunyuka komxholo we-cellulose ether, ukuhambelana kodaka kubonisa ukuhla, kunye nokuncipha kokuhambelana kodaka oluxutywe ne-HPMC ngokukhawuleza. kunodaka oluxutywe neC9101. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-viscosity ye-cellulose ether ithintela ukuhamba komdaka, kwaye i-viscosity ye-HPMC iphezulu kune-C9101.

2.2 Ukugcinwa kwamanzi

Kudaka, izinto zesamente ezifana nesamente kunye negypsum kufuneka zifakwe emanzini ukuze zibekwe. Isixa esifanelekileyo se-cellulose ether sinokugcina ukufuma kwi-mortar ixesha elide elaneleyo, ukwenzela ukuba ukusetwa kunye nenkqubo yokuqina ikwazi ukuqhubeka.

Ukususela kwisiphumo somxholo we-cellulose ether ekugcinweni kwamanzi kwi-mortar, kunokubonwa ukuba: (1) Ngokunyuka kwe-C9101 okanye i-HPMC ye-cellulose ether content, izinga lokufunxa amanzi kwi-mortar lehlile kakhulu, oko kukuthi, ukugcinwa kwamanzi udaka lwaphuculwa kakhulu, ngakumbi xa luxutywe nodaka lwe-HPMC. Ukugcinwa kwayo kwamanzi kunokuphuculwa ngakumbi; (2) Xa isixa se-HPMC siyi-0.05% ukuya kwi-0.10%, udaka luhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zokugcina amanzi kwinkqubo yokwakha.

Zombini ii-cellulose ethers aziyiyo i-polymers. Amaqela e-hydroxyl kwi-cellulose ether molecular chain kunye ne-athomu ze-oksijini kwiibhondi ze-ether zingenza iibhondi ze-hydrogen kunye neemolekyuli zamanzi, okwenza amanzi akhululekile abe ngamanzi adibeneyo, ngaloo ndlela adlala indima efanelekileyo ekugcineni amanzi.

Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kwi-viscosity yayo, ubungakanani bamasuntswana, izinga lokuchithwa kunye nemali yokongeza. Ngokubanzi, ubuninzi bemali eyongeziweyo, iphezulu i-viscosity, kwaye i-fineness, iphezulu ukugcinwa kwamanzi. Zombini i-C9101 kunye ne-HPMC cellulose ether zinamaqela e-methoxy kunye ne-hydroxypropoxy kwitsheyina le-molecular, kodwa umxholo we-methoxy kwi-HPMC cellulose ether uphezulu kune-C9101, kwaye i-viscosity ye-HPMC iphezulu kune-C9101, ngoko ke ukugcinwa kwamanzi odaka. ixutywe ne-HPMC iphezulu kunodaka oluxutywe nodaka olukhulu lwe-HPMC C9101. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-viscosity kunye ne-molecular weight ye-cellulose ether iphezulu kakhulu, ukunyibilika kwayo kuya kuncipha ngokufanelekileyo, okuya kuba nefuthe elibi kumandla kunye nokusebenza kodaka. Amandla okwakhiwa ukufikelela kwisiphumo esihle kakhulu sokudibanisa.

2.3 Amandla e-Flexural kunye namandla oxinzelelo

Ukususela kwimpembelelo ye-cellulose ether kwi-flexural and compressive force of mortar, kunokubonwa ukuba ngokunyuka komxholo we-cellulose ether, i-flexural and compressive force of mortar kwi-7 kunye neentsuku ze-28 ibonisa ukuhla. Oku kubangelwa ukuba: (1) Xa i-cellulose ether yongezwa kumdaka, iipolymers eziguquguqukayo kwi-pores of the mortar ziyanda, kwaye ezi polymers eziguquguqukayo azikwazi ukubonelela ngenkxaso eqinile xa i-matrix edibeneyo ixinzelelwe. Ngenxa yoko, i-flexural and compressive force of the mortar iyancitshiswa; (2) Ngokunyuka komxholo we-cellulose ether, umphumo wokugcina amanzi uba ngcono kwaye ungcono, ukwenzela ukuba emva kokuba ibhloko yovavanyo lodaka lwenziwe, i-porosity kwibhloko yovavanyo lodaka iyanda, amandla okuguquguquka kunye noxinzelelo luya kuncitshiswa. ; (3) xa udaka oluxubeneyo elomileyo luxutywe namanzi, i-cellulose ether latex amasuntswana aqala adsorbed kumphezulu wamasuntswana esamente ukuze enze ifilim yelatex, ethi icuthe ukumanzisa kwesamente, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa amandla esamente. udaka.

2.4 Umlinganiselo wokugoba

Ukuguquguquka kodaka kunika umdaka ngokukhubazeka okulungileyo, okwenza ukuba ulungelelanise noxinzelelo olwenziwa yi-shrinkage kunye ne-deformation ye-substrate, ngaloo ndlela iphucula kakhulu amandla ebhondi kunye nokuqina kodaka.

Ukususela kwisiphumo somxholo we-cellulose ether kumlinganiselo wokugoqa udaka (ff / fo), kunokubonwa ukuba ngokunyuka kwe-cellulose ether C9101 kunye nomxholo we-HPMC, umlinganiselo wokugoqa udaka ngokusisiseko ubonise ukuthambekela okwandayo, ebonisa ukuba ukuguquguquka kodaka kwakuyinto. iphuculwe.

Xa i-cellulose ether incibilika kwi-mortar, kuba i-methoxyl kunye ne-hydroxypropoxyl kwi-chain ye-molecular iya kusabela kunye ne-Ca2 + kunye ne-Al3 + kwi-slurry, i-gel viscous yenziwe kwaye izaliswe kwi-gap ye-cement mortar, ngoko Idlala indima yokuzaliswa okuguquguqukayo. kunye nokuqiniswa okuguquguqukayo, ukuphucula ukunyanzeliswa kodaka, kwaye kubonisa ukuba ukuguquguquka kodaka olulungisiweyo kuphuculwe ngokubanzi.

2.5 Amandla ebhondi

Ukususela kwisiphumo somxholo we-cellulose ether kumandla okudibanisa udaka, kunokubonwa ukuba amandla ebhondi yodaka ayanda ngokunyuka komxholo we-cellulose ether.

Ukongezwa kwe-cellulose ether kunokwenza umaleko omncinci wefilimu ye-polymer engenamanzi phakathi kwe-cellulose ether kunye namasuntswana e-samente e-hydrated. Le filimu inefuthe lokutywinwa kwaye iphucula into "yomileyo" yodaka. Ngenxa yokugcinwa kwamanzi kakuhle kwe-cellulose ether, amanzi aneleyo agcinwa ngaphakathi kodaka, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa ukuqina kwe-hydration yesamente kunye nophuhliso olupheleleyo lwamandla ayo, kunye nokuphucula amandla ebhondi ye-cement paste. Ukongeza, ukongezwa kwe-ether cellulose kuphucula ukuhambelana kodaka, kwaye kwenza udaka lube neplastiki elungileyo kunye nokuguquguquka, okwenza ukuba udaka lukwazi ukuziqhelanisa nokuguqulwa kwe-shrinkage ye-substrate, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe amandla ebhondi yodaka. .

2.6 Ukucutheka

Inokubonwa kwisiphumo somxholo we-cellulose ether kwi-shrinkage of mortar: (1) Ixabiso le-shrinkage ye-cellulose ether mortar iphantsi kakhulu kunodaka olungenanto. (2) Ngokunyuka komxholo we-C9101, ixabiso le-shrinkage lomdaka liye lancipha ngokuthe ngcembe, kodwa xa umxholo ufikelela kwi-0.30%, ixabiso le-shrinkage lomdaka lenyuka. Oku kungenxa yokuba ubuninzi be-cellulose ether, inkulu i-viscosity yayo, ebangela ukwanda kwemfuno yamanzi. (3) Ngokunyuka komxholo we-HPMC, ixabiso le-shrinkage lomdaka liye lancipha ngokuthe ngcembe, kodwa xa umxholo walo ufikelele kwi-0.20%, ixabiso le-shrinkage lomdaka lenyuka kwaye emva koko lehla. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-viscosity ye-HPMC inkulu kune-C9101. Iphezulu i-viscosity ye-cellulose ether. Okungcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi, umthamo womoya, xa umxholo womoya ufikelela kwinqanaba elithile, ixabiso le-shrinkage lomdaka liya kwanda. Ngoko ke, ngokwexabiso le-shrinkage, i-dosage efanelekileyo ye-C9101 yi-0.05% ~ 0.20%. Owona mthamo uphezulu we-HPMC yi-0.05% ~ 0.10%.

3. Isiphelo

1. I-ether ye-cellulose inokuphucula ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwi-mortar kunye nokunciphisa ukuhambelana komdaka. Ukulungelelanisa ubungakanani be-cellulose ether inokuhlangabezana neemfuno zodaka olusetyenziswa kwiiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo.

2. Ukongezwa kwe-ether ye-cellulose kunciphisa amandla e-flexural kunye nokuqina koxinzelelo lomdaka, kodwa kwandisa umlinganiselo wokugoba kunye namandla okudibanisa ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukuqina kodaka.

3. Ukongezwa kwe-cellulose ether kunokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-shrinkage yomdaka, kwaye ngokunyuka komxholo wayo, ixabiso le-shrinkage lomdaka liba lincinci kwaye lincinci. Kodwa xa isixa se-cellulose ether sifikelela kwinqanaba elithile, ixabiso le-shrinkage lomdaka linyuka kwinqanaba elithile ngenxa yokunyuka kwexabiso lokungenisa umoya.