Ngaba i-carboxymethyl cellulose kunye ne-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ziyafana?

I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) kunye ne-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) ziikhompawundi eziqhelekileyo kwishishini lemichiza kunye neshishini lokutya. Zinokwahlukana okuthile kunye nokudibanisa kwisakhiwo, ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa. Eli nqaku liza kuhlalutya ngokweenkcukacha iipropati, iindlela zokulungiselela, izicelo kunye nokubaluleka kwezi zibini kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.

(1) Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)

1. Iimpawu ezisisiseko
I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) yi-carboxymethylated derivative ye-cellulose kwaye yi-anionic linear polysaccharide. Isakhiwo saso esisisiseko kukuba amanye amaqela e-hydroxyl (-OH) kwi-molecule ye-cellulose athatyathelwa indawo ngamaqela e-carboxymethyl (-CH₂-COOH), ngaloo ndlela iguqula i-solubility kunye neempawu ezisebenzayo ze-cellulose. I-CMC imhlophe ngokubanzi ukuya kumgubo omthubi kancinane, ayinavumba kwaye ayinancasa, ayinyibiliki kwizinyibilikisi zezinto eziphilayo, kodwa inokufunxa amanzi ukwenza ijeli.

2. Indlela yokulungiselela
Ulungiselelo lweCMC ludla ngokubandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:
I-alkalinization reaction: Xuba i-cellulose kunye ne-sodium hydroxide (NaOH) ukuguqula amaqela e-hydroxyl kwi-cellulose kwiityuwa ze-alkaline.
Ukusabela kwe-Etherification: I-alkalized cellulose idibana ne-chloroacetic acid (ClCH₂COOH) ukuvelisa i-carboxymethyl cellulose kunye ne-sodium chloride (NaCl).
Le nkqubo idla ngokuqhutywa emanzini okanye kwisisombululo se-ethanol, kwaye ubushushu bokusabela bulawulwa phakathi kwe-60℃-80℃. Emva kokuba impendulo igqityiwe, imveliso yokugqibela ye-CMC ifunyenwe ngokuhlamba, ukuhluza, ukomisa kunye namanye amanyathelo.

3. Iinkalo zesicelo
I-CMC isetyenziswa ikakhulu kushishino lokutya, amayeza, amalaphu, ukwenza iphepha kunye nezinye iinkalo. Inemisebenzi emininzi efana nokuqina, ukuzinzisa, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nokwakhiwa kwefilimu. Ngokomzekelo, kwishishini lokutya, i-CMC ingasetyenziselwa njenge-thickener, i-stabilizer kunye ne-emulsifier ye-ayisikrimu, i-jam, i-yogurt kunye nezinye iimveliso; kwintsimi yamachiza, i-CMC isetyenziswa njenge-binder, i-thickener kunye ne-stabilizer yamachiza; kumashishini amalaphu kunye nokwenza iphepha, i-CMC isetyenziswa njenge-slurry additive kunye ne-ejenti yokulinganisa umphezulu ukuphucula umgangatho kunye nokuzinza kwemveliso.

(2) I-Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na)

1. Iimpawu ezisisiseko
I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) luhlobo lwetyuwa yesodium ye-carboxymethyl cellulose. Xa kuthelekiswa neCMC, iCMC-Na inonyibiliko olungcono lwamanzi. Isakhiwo sayo esisisiseko kukuba amaqela e-carboxylmethyl kwi-CMC aguqulwa ngokuyinxenye okanye ngokupheleleyo kwiityuwa zesodium, oko kukuthi, ii-athomu ze-hydrogen kumaqela e-carboxylmethyl zitshintshwa yi-sodium ion (Na⁺). I-CMC-Na idla ngokuba ngumgubo omhlophe okanye omthubi kancinane okanye iigranuli, zinyibilika ngokulula emanzini, kwaye zenza isisombululo se-viscous transparent.

2. Indlela yokulungiselela
Indlela yokulungiselela i-CMC-Na iyafana naleyo ye-CMC, kwaye amanyathelo aphambili abandakanya:
I-alkalinization reaction: i-cellulose i-alkalized usebenzisa i-sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
Ukusabela kwe-Etherification: I-alkalized cellulose iphendulwa nge-chloroacetic acid (ClCH₂COOH) ukuvelisa i-CMC.
I-Sodiumization reaction: I-CMC iguqulelwa kwimo yetyuwa yesodium ngokusabela ngokungathathi hlangothi kwisisombululo esimanzi.
Kule nkqubo, kuyimfuneko ukunikela ingqalelo ekulawuleni iimeko zokusabela, njenge-pH kunye nobushushu, ukufumana iimveliso ze-CMC-Na kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

3. Iinkalo zesicelo
Iinkalo zesicelo ze-CMC-Na zibanzi kakhulu, zibandakanya amashishini amaninzi afana nokutya, amayeza, iikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla, kunye nepetroleum. Kwishishini lokutya, i-CMC-Na yinto ebalulekileyo yokuqinisa, i-stabilizer kunye ne-emulsifier, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimveliso zobisi, ijusi, i-condiments, njl njl . Kushishino lwemichiza yemihla ngemihla, i-CMC-Na isetyenziswa kwiimveliso ezifana nentlama yamazinyo, ishampu, kunye ne-conditioner, kwaye ineziphumo ezilungileyo zokujiya kunye nokuzinzisa. Ukongeza, ekugrunjweni kweoli, i-CMC-Na isetyenziswa njenge-thickener kunye ne-rheology regulator yokugrumba udaka, enokuphucula i-fluidity kunye nokuzinza kodaka.

(3) Umahluko kunye noqhagamshelwano phakathi kwe-CMC kunye ne-CMC-Na
1. Isakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo
Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-CMC kunye ne-CMC-Na kwisakhiwo se-molecular kukuba iqela le-carboxylmethyl ye-CMC-Na likhona ngokuyinxenye okanye ngokupheleleyo kwimo yetyuwa yesodium. Lo mahluko wesakhiwo wenza i-CMC-Na ibonise ukunyibilika okuphezulu kunye nokuzinza okungcono emanzini. I-CMC idla ngokuba yi-carboxymethylated cellulose ngokuyinxenye okanye ngokupheleleyo, ngelixa i-CMC-Na iluhlobo lwetyuwa yesodium yale cellulose ye-carboxymethyl.

2. Ukunyibilika kunye nokuSetyenziswa
I-CMC ine-solubility ethile emanzini, kodwa i-CMC-Na inokunyibilika okungcono kwaye inokwenza isisombululo se-viscous esizinzileyo emanzini. Ngenxa yokunyibilika okungcono kwamanzi kunye neempawu ze-ionization, i-CMC-Na ibonisa ukusebenza okungcono kune-CMC kwizicelo ezininzi. Ngokomzekelo, kushishino lokutya, i-CMC-Na isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njenge-thickener kunye ne-stabilizer ngenxa yokunyibilika kakuhle kwamanzi kunye ne-viscosity ephezulu, ngelixa i-CMC isetyenziswa rhoqo kwizicelo ezingadingi ukunyibilika kwamanzi aphezulu.

3. Inkqubo yokulungiselela
Nangona iinkqubo zokulungiselela ezi zimbini ziphantse zifane, imveliso yokugqibela yokuveliswa kwe-CMC yi-carboxymethyl cellulose, ngelixa i-CMC-Na iphinde iguqule i-carboxymethyl cellulose kwifom yetyuwa yesodium ngokuphendula ngokungathathi hlangothi ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa. Olu guqulelo lunika CMC-Na ukusebenza ngcono kwezinye izicelo ezizodwa, ezifana ukusebenza ngcono izicelo ezifuna ukunyibilika kwamanzi kunye nokuzinza electrolyte.

I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) kunye ne-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) zimbini ze-cellulose ze-cellulose ezinexabiso elibalulekileyo lezoshishino. Nangona ziyafana kwisakhiwo, i-CMC-Na ibonisa ukunyibilika okuphezulu kwamanzi kunye nokuzinza ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwamanye okanye onke amaqela e-carboxyl kwi-CMC-Na kwityuwa yesodium. Lo mahluko wenza i-CMC kunye ne-CMC-Na zineenzuzo zazo ezizodwa kunye nemisebenzi kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino. Ukuqonda kunye nokusebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo ezi zinto zimbini kunokunceda ukwandisa ukusebenza kwemveliso kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kwiinkalo ezininzi ezinjengokutya, amayeza kunye neshishini lemichiza.