I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ebizwa ngokuba yi-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) luhlobo lwe-polymer fiber ether elungiswe ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali zeselulosi yendalo. Ubume bayo ubukhulu becala yiyunithi ye-D-glucose ngokusebenzisa i-β (1→ 4) i-glycosidic bond edibeneyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-CMC kuneenzuzo ezininzi ngaphezu kwezinye izityebisi zokutya.
01 I-CMC isetyenziswa kakhulu ekutyeni
(1) I-CMC inozinzo oluhle
Ekutyeni okubandayo okufana ne-popsicles kunye ne-ayisikrimu, inokulawula ukubunjwa kweekristale ze-ice, ukwandisa izinga lokwandisa kunye nokugcina isakhiwo esifanayo, ukuxhathisa ukunyibilika, ukunambitha okulungileyo kunye nokugudileyo, kunye nombala omhlophe.
Kwiimveliso zobisi, nokuba lubisi olunencasa, ubisi lweziqhamo okanye iyogathi, inokusabela ngeprotheyini ngaphakathi koluhlu lwendawo ye-isoelectric yexabiso le-pH (PH4.6) ukwenza i-complex enesakhiwo esinzima, esiluncedo ukuzinza kwe-emulsion kunye nokuphucula ukuxhathisa iprotheni.
(2) I-CMC inokudityaniswa kunye nezinye izizinzi kunye ne-emulsifiers
Kwiimveliso zokutya kunye neziselo, abavelisi abaqhelekileyo basebenzisa iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokuzinza, ezifana ne-xanthan gum, guar gum, carrageenan, dextrin, njl. I-Emulsifiers ezifana ne-glycerol monostearate, i-sucrose fatty acid esters, njl., idibaniswe ukuze izalisekise iinzuzo kunye nokudlala indima ye-synergistic ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso.
(3) I-CMC ine-pseudoplasticity
I-viscosity ye-CMC ibuyiselwa umva kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo. Njengoko iqondo lokushisa liphakama, i-viscosity yesisombululo iyancipha, kwaye ngokufanayo; xa i-shear force ikhona, i-viscosity ye-CMC iya kuncipha, kwaye ngokunyuka kwamandla okucheba, i-viscosity iya kuncipha. Ezi propati zenza i-CMC icuthe umthwalo wezixhobo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-homogenization xa ivuselela, i-homogenizing, kunye nothutho lwemibhobho, engenakuthelekiswa nezinye izizinzi.
02 Iimfuno zenkqubo
Njengokuzinzisa okusebenzayo, i-CMC iya kuchaphazela umphumo wayo ukuba isetyenziswe ngokungafanelekanga, kwaye ibangele ukuba imveliso ichithwe. Ngoko ke, kwi-CMC, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusasaza ngokupheleleyo kwaye ngokulinganayo isisombululo sokuphucula ukusebenza kwayo, ukunciphisa umthamo, ukuphucula umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokunyusa isivuno. Ngokukodwa, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwinqanaba ngalinye lenkqubo:
(1) Izithako
1. Indlela yokusasazwa kweshear ngesantya esiphezulu ngamandla omatshini
Zonke izixhobo ezinobuchule bokuxuba zingasetyenziselwa ukunceda iCMC ukuba isasazeke emanzini. Ngokucheba ngesantya esiphezulu, i-CMC inokufakwa ngokulinganayo emanzini ukukhawulezisa ukunyibilika kweCMC.
Abanye abavelisi okwangoku basebenzisa imixube yomgubo wamanzi okanye iitanki zokuxuba ngesantya esiphezulu.
2. Indlela yokusasazwa kweswekile eyomileyo
Xuba kakuhle kunye ne-CMC kunye neswekile egayiweyo kumlinganiselo we-1:5, kwaye uyifefe ngokucothayo phantsi kokuvuselela rhoqo ukunyibilikisa ngokupheleleyo iCMC.
3. Nyibilika emanzini aneswekile ehluthisiweyo
Efana ne-caramel, njl., inokukhawulezisa ukuchithwa kwe-CMC.
(2) Ukongezwa kweasidi
Kwezinye iziphuzo ezine-asidi, ezifana neyogathi, iimveliso ezichasene ne-asidi kufuneka zikhethwe. Ukuba zisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, umgangatho wemveliso ungaphuculwa kwaye imvula yemveliso kunye nokuhlelwa kwezinto kunokuthintelwa.
1. Xa ufaka i-asidi, ubushushu bokongeza i-asidi kufuneka ilawulwe ngokungqongqo, ngokubanzi ≤20 ° C.
2. Ukugxininiswa kwe-asidi kufuneka kulawulwe kwi-8-20%, iphantsi ingcono.
3. Ukongezwa kwe-Acid kusebenzisa indlela yokutshiza, kwaye yongezwa ecaleni kwendlela ye-tangential ye-container ratio, ngokubanzi imizuzu eyi-1-3.
4. Isantya se-slurry n = 1400-2400r / m
(3) Ukufana
1. Injongo ye-emulsification
I-homogeneous, i-fat-containing feed liquid, i-CMC kufuneka idibaniswe ne-emulsifier, efana ne-monoglyceride, uxinzelelo lwe-homogenization yi-18-25mpa, kunye neqondo lokushisa yi-60-70 ° C.
2. Injongo yokwabela amagunya
I-Homogenization, ukuba izithako ezahlukahlukeneyo kwisigaba sokuqala azifani ngokupheleleyo, kusekho iincinci ezincinci, kufuneka zibe yi-homogenized, uxinzelelo lwe-homogenization luyi-10mpa, kwaye izinga lokushisa ngu-60-70 ° C.
(4) Ukuvala inzala
I-CMC kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, ngakumbi xa iqondo lobushushu lingaphezulu kwe-50 ° C ixesha elide, i-viscosity ye-CMC enomgangatho ophantsi iya kuncipha ngokungenakuguquleka. I-viscosity ye-CMC yabavelisi ngokubanzi iya kuhla ngokukrakra kwi-80 ° C imizuzu engama-30, ngoko ke i-sterilization esheshayo okanye i-barization ingasetyenziswa. Indlela yokuvala inzala yokunciphisa ixesha le-CMC kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu.
(5) Ezinye izilumkiso
1. Umgangatho wamanzi okhethiweyo kufuneka ucoceke kwaye uphathwe ngamanzi ompompo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Amanzi equla akufuneki asetyenziswe ukuthintela usulelo lwe-microbial kwaye achaphazele umgangatho wemveliso.
2. Izixhobo zokunyibilikisa nokugcina i-CMC azinakusetyenziswa kwizikhongozeli zetsimbi, kodwa izikhongozeli zentsimbi engenasici, izitya zomthi, okanye izikhongozeli zeceramic zingasetyenziswa. Ukuthintela ukungena ion zetsimbi divalent.
3. Emva kokusetyenziswa kwe-CMC nganye, umlomo wengxowa yokupakisha kufuneka ubotshwe ngokuqinileyo ukuthintela ukufunxa ukufuma kunye nokuwohloka kweCMC.
03 Iimpendulo kwimibuzo ekusetyenzisweni kweCMC
Ingaba i-low-viscosity, i-medium-viscosity, kunye ne-viscosity ephezulu yahlulwe njani ngokwesakhiwo? Ngaba kuya kubakho umahluko wokungaguquguquki?
Phendula:
Kuyaqondwa ukuba ubude betsheyini ye-molecular buhluke, okanye ubunzima be-molecular buhluke, kwaye buhlulwe kwi-viscosity ephantsi, ephakathi kunye nephezulu. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukusebenza kwe-macroscopic kuhambelana ne-viscosity eyahlukileyo. Ukugxininiswa okufanayo kune-viscosity eyahlukileyo, ukuzinza kwemveliso kunye nomlinganiselo we-asidi. Ulwalamano oluthe ngqo luxhomekeke kwisisombululo semveliso.
Zeziphi iintsebenzo ezithile zeemveliso ezinomgangatho wokutshintsha ngaphezulu kwe-1.15? Ngamanye amazwi, iqondo eliphezulu lokutshintshwa, ukusebenza okuthe ngqo kwemveliso kuye kwandiswa?
Phendula:
Imveliso inezinga eliphezulu lokutshintshwa, ukunyuka kwamanzi, kunye nokunciphisa kakhulu i-pseudoplasticity. Iimveliso ezine-viscosity efanayo zinezinga eliphezulu lokuthatha indawo kunye nemvakalelo ecacileyo yokutyibilika. Iimveliso ezinomgangatho ophezulu wokutshintshwa zinesisombululo esikhanyayo, ngelixa iimveliso ezinezinga eliqhelekileyo lokutshintshwa zinesisombululo esimhlophe.
Ngaba kulungile ukukhetha i-viscosity ephakathi ukwenza iziselo zeprotheyini ezivundisiweyo?
Phendula:
Imveliso ye-viscosity ephakathi kunye nephantsi, iqondo lokutshintshwa malunga ne-0.90, kunye neemveliso ezinokumelana ne-asidi engcono.
Inganyibilika njani iCMC ngokukhawuleza? Ngamanye amaxesha, emva kokubilisa, inyibilika kancinane.
Phendula:
Hlanganisa kunye nezinye iicolloids, okanye usasaze nge-1000-1200 rpm agitator.
I-dispersibility ye-CMC ayilunganga, i-hydrophilicity ilungile, kwaye kulula ukuhlanganisana, kwaye iimveliso ezinezinga eliphezulu lokuthatha indawo zibonakala ngakumbi! Amanzi ashushu anyibilika ngokukhawuleza kunamanzi abandayo. Ukubilisa ngokubanzi akukhuthazwa. Ukupheka kwexesha elide kweemveliso ze-CMC kuya kutshabalalisa isakhiwo se-molecular kwaye imveliso iya kulahlekelwa yi-viscosity yayo!
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-13-2022