I. Isishwankathelo
Njengomnye wezinto eziluhlaza zokugquma, inani lezongezo lihlala lincinci kakhulu (ngokubanzi malunga ne-1% yokuqulunqwa okupheleleyo), kodwa umphumo mkhulu. Ukongezwa kwayo akukwazi ukuphepha kuphela iziphene ezininzi zokwaleka kunye neziphene zefilimu, kodwa kwakhona ukwenza inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokwakhiwa kwengubo yokwaleka kulula ukuyilawula, kunye nokongezwa kwezongezo ezithile kunokunika i-coating kunye nemisebenzi ekhethekileyo. Ngoko ke, izongezo ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeengubo.
2. Ukuhlelwa kwezongezo
Izongezo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zokugquma ziquka i-organic anti-settling agents, i-thickeners, i-agent yokulinganisa, i-agent yokulawula i-foam, abagqugquzeli bokubambelela, ukumanzisa kunye ne-dispersing agents, njl.
3. Ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezongezo
(1) I-arhente ye-anti-settlement ye-Organic
Uninzi lwezi mveliso zisekelwe kwi-polyolefins, ihlakazwe kwenye i-solvent, ngamanye amaxesha iguqulwe nge-derivative oil derivative. Ezi zongezo ziza ngokweendlela ezintathu: ulwelo, intlama kunye nomgubo.
1. Iimpawu zeRheological:
Umsebenzi oyintloko we-rheological we-organic anti-settling agents kukulawula ukumiswa kwee-pigments - oko kukuthi, ukuthintela ukuhlaliswa kanzima okanye ukuphepha ukuhlalisa ngokupheleleyo, okuyisicelo sabo esiqhelekileyo. Kodwa ekusebenzeni, kubangela ukonyuka kwe-viscosity kunye nenqanaba elithile lokuxhathisa i-sag, ngakumbi kwiingubo zamashishini. Iiarhente ezichasene ne-Organic ziyakunyibilika ngenxa yobushushu obuphakamileyo, ngaloo ndlela ziphulukane nokusebenza kwazo, kodwa i-rheology yazo iya kubuyiselwa njengoko inkqubo iphola.
2. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-agent ye-organic anti-settleling:
Ukuze wenze i-agent echasayo isebenze ngokufanelekileyo kwi-coating, kufuneka ihlakazwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye isebenze. Amanyathelo athile ngala alandelayo:
(1) Ukumanzisa (umgubo owomileyo kuphela). I-powder eyomileyo ye-organic anti-sedimentation agent yi-aggregate, ukwenzela ukuba ukwahlula amaqhekeza omnye komnye, kufuneka kumanziswe yi-solvent kunye (okanye) i-resin. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwanele ukongeza kwi-slurry yokusila kunye nokuphazamiseka okuphakathi.
(2) I-deagglomeration (kuphela umgubo owomileyo). I-aggregation force ye-organic anti-sedimentation agents ayinamandla kakhulu, kwaye ukuxuba okulula okuxubeneyo kwanele kwiimeko ezininzi.
(3) Ukusabalalisa, ukufudumeza, ixesha lokusabalalisa (zonke iintlobo). Zonke izinto eziphilayo ezichasene ne-sedimentation zinobushushu obuncinci bokuvula, kwaye ukuba awufikelelwanga, kungakhathaliseki ukuba mkhulu kangakanani amandla okusabalalisa, akuyi kubakho msebenzi we-rheological. Ubushushu bokusebenza buxhomekeke kwi-solvent esetyenzisiweyo. Xa ubushushu obuncinci bugqithisiwe, uxinzelelo olusetyenzisiweyo luya kuvula i-agent ye-anti-sedimentation ye-organic kwaye inike umdlalo opheleleyo ekusebenzeni kwayo.
(2) Ukutyeba
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-thickeners ezisetyenziswa kwi-solvent-based based and water-based paints. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zee-thickeners ezisetyenziswa kwiingubo eziphuma emanzini zezi: i-cellulose ethers, i-polyacrylates, i-associative thickeners kunye ne-inorganic thickeners.
1. Eyona nto isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo i-cellulose ether thickener yi-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC). Ngokuxhomekeke kwi-viscosity, kukho imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo. I-HEC yimveliso ye-powdery-soluble water, eyi-non-ionic thickener. Inesiphumo esihle sokuqina, ukuxhathisa okuhle kwamanzi kunye nokuxhathisa kwe-alkali, kodwa ukungabikho kwayo kukuba kulula ukukhula ngundo, ukubola, kunye nepropathi ekumgangatho ophantsi.
2. I-polyacrylate thickener yi-acrylate copolymer emulsion enomxholo ophezulu we-carboxyl, kwaye eyona nto inkulu kukumelana kwayo kakuhle nokuhlasela kwesikhunta. Xa i-pH i-8-10, olu hlobo lwe-thickener luba ludumbile kwaye lukhulise i-viscosity yesigaba samanzi; kodwa xa i-pH ingaphezulu kwe-10, iyanyibilika emanzini kwaye ilahlekelwe yimpembelelo yayo yokutyeba. Ngoko ke, kukho uvakalelo olukhulu kwi-pH. Okwangoku, amanzi e-ammonia sesona silungelelaniso se-pH sisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiipeyinti ze-latex e-China. Ngoko ke, xa olu hlobo lwe-thickener lusetyenziswa, ixabiso le-pH liya kuncipha ngokunyuka kwamanzi e-ammonia, kwaye umphumo walo wokuqina uya kuncipha.
3. I-Associative thickeners ineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokujiya ezivela kwezinye iindidi ze-thickeners. Uninzi lwama-thickeners luzisa i-viscosity ngokusebenzisa i-hydration kunye nokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo se-gel esibuthathaka kwinkqubo. Nangona kunjalo, i-associative thickeners, njengama-surfactants, anazo zombini iindawo ze-hydrophilic kunye neendawo zeoyile yokucoca etyheli kwi-molecule. Iindawo ze-hydrophilic zinokufakwa emanzini kwaye zidumbe ukuze zityebe isigaba samanzi. Amaqela okugqibela e-lipophilic angadibaniswa kunye neengqungquthela ze-emulsion kunye ne-pigment particles. ukudibanisa ukwenza ubume bothungelwano.
4. I-thickener ye-inorganic imelwe yi-bentonite. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-bentonite esekelwe emanzini iyancipha xa ithatha amanzi, kwaye umthamo emva kokuthatha amanzi ngamaxesha amaninzi umthamo wayo wokuqala. Ayisebenzi nje njengento etyebisayo, kodwa ikwanqanda ukutshona, ukuwohloka, kunye nombala odadayo. Umphumo wayo wokuqina ungcono kune-alkali-swellable acrylic kunye ne-polyurethane thickeners kwisixa esifanayo. Ukongeza, inoluhlu olubanzi lokuguquguquka kwe-pH, uzinzo oluhle lokukhenkceza kunye nokuzinza kwebhayoloji. Ngenxa yokuba ayinayo i-surfactants e-soluble yamanzi, iinqununu ezintle kwifilimu eyomileyo inokuthintela ukufuduka kwamanzi kunye nokusabalalisa, kwaye inokunyusa ukuchasana kwamanzi kwifilimu yokugqoka.
(3) ummeli womgangatho
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeearhente zokulinganisa ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo:
1. I-agent yokulinganisa yodidi lwe-polysiloxane elungisiweyo
Olu hlobo lwe-ejenti yokulinganisa lunokunciphisa kakhulu ukunyanzeliswa komphezulu we-coating, ukuphucula ukumanzi kwengubo kwi-substrate, kunye nokuthintela ukuncipha; inokunciphisa ukuhlukana koxinzelelo kumphezulu wefilimu emanzi ngenxa ye-volatilization ye-solvent, ukuphucula umgangatho wokuhamba komphezulu, kwaye wenze Ipeyinti ifakwe ngokukhawuleza; olu hlobo lwe-ejenti yokulinganisa lunokwenza ifilimu enqabileyo kakhulu kwaye igudileyo kumphezulu wefilimu yokugqoka, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukugudiswa kunye neglosi yefilimu yokugqoka.
2. I-arhente yokulinganisa i-resin yohlobo olude kunye nokuhambelana okulinganiselweyo
Njenge-acrylate homopolymer okanye i-copolymer, enokunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa komphezulu wengubo kunye ne-substrate kwinqanaba elithile lokuphucula ukumanzi kunye nokuthintela ukuncipha; kwaye inokwenza inqanaba elinye lemolekyuli kumphezulu wefilimu yokugquma ukunyusa uxinzelelo lomphezulu we-coating Homogenize, iphucule i-fluidity yomhlaba, inqanda isantya sokunyibilikisa i-solvent, isuse iziphene ezinje nge-orange peel kunye ne-brush marks, kwaye wenze ifilimu yokugquma igudiswe kwaye ngokulinganayo.
3. I-ejenti yokulinganisa ene-solvent ephezulu yokubilisa njengeyona nto iphambili
Olu hlobo lwe-ejenti yokulinganisa lunokulungelelanisa izinga lokuguquguquka kwe-solvent, ukwenzela ukuba ifilimu yokugqoka ibe nesantya esinokulinganisela kunye ne-solvency ngexesha lenkqubo yokomisa, kwaye ithintele ukuhamba kwefilimu yokugqoka ukuba ithintelwe yi-volatilization ye-solvent ngokukhawuleza kwaye i-viscosity iphezulu kakhulu, ibangele ukungahambi kakuhle kwinqanaba, kwaye inokuthintela ukushwabana okubangelwa kukunganyibiliki kakuhle kwezinto ezisisiseko kunye nemvula ebangelwa kukuguquka kwe-solvent ngokukhawuleza.
(4) I-arhente yokulawula igwebu
Iiarhente zokulawula amagwebu zikwabizwa ngokuba zii-antifoaming agents okanye i-defoaming agents. Ii-Anti-foaming agents zithintela okanye zilibazise ukubunjwa kwegwebu: I-Anti-foaming agents zi-surfactants eziqhuma amaqamza asele enziwe. Umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini kuphela ithiyori ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, i-defoamer ephumelelayo inokuthintela ukubunjwa kwegwebu njenge-agent ye-antifoam. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-agent ye-antifoaming yenziwe ngamacandelo amathathu asisiseko: i-compound esebenzayo (oko kukuthi, i-agent esebenzayo); i-arhente yokusabalalisa (ikhoyo okanye ayikho); umthwali.
(5) Iiarhente zokumanzisa kunye nezisasaza
Ii-arhente zokumanzisa kunye nokusabalalisa zinokuba noluhlu lwemisebenzi, kodwa imisebenzi emibini ephambili kukunciphisa ixesha kunye / okanye amandla afunekayo ukugqiba inkqubo yokusabalalisa ngelixa uzinzisa ukusabalalisa kwe-pigment. Ii-agent zokumanzisa kunye ne-dispersants zihlala zohlulwe koku kulandelayo
Iindidi ezintlanu:
1. I-arhente yokumanzisa i-anionic
2. I-arhente yokumanzisa i-Cationic
3. I-Electroneutral, i-amphoteric wetting agent
4. I-ejenti yokumanzisa esebenza kabini, engeyiyo yombane
5. I-arhente yokumanzisa engeyiyo ionic
Iindidi ezine zokuqala zokumanzisa kunye ne-dispersants zinokudlala indima yokumanzisa kwaye zincede ukusasazeka kwe-pigment kuba iziphelo zabo ze-hydrophilic zinamandla okwenza ibhondi yenyama kunye neekhemikhali ngomphezulu we-pigment, imiphetho, iikona, njl. i-pigment surface, ngokuqhelekileyo isiphelo se-hydrophobic. I-Nonionic yokumanzisa kunye ne-dispersing agents nazo ziqulethe amaqela okugqibela e-hydrophilic, kodwa azikwazi ukwenza iibhondi zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali kunye ne-pigment surface, kodwa ziyakwazi ukudibanisa kunye namanzi adsorbed kumphezulu we-pigment particles. La manzi abopha i-pigment particle surface ayizinzile kwaye ikhokelela ekufakeni i-non-ionic kunye ne-desorption. I-surfactant ye-desorbed kule nkqubo ye-resin ikhululekile kwaye idla ngokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokunganyangeki kwamanzi.
I-ejenti yokumanzisa kunye ne-dispersant kufuneka yongezwe ngexesha lenkqubo yokusabalalisa i-pigment, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba ezinye izinto ezisebenzayo ziyakwazi ukunxibelelana ngokusondeleyo ne-pigment ukuze zidlale indima yazo ngaphambi kokufikelela kumphezulu we-pigment particle.
Isine. Isishwankathelo
Ukwaleka yinkqubo entsonkothileyo. Njengenxalenye yenkqubo, izongezo zongezwa kwixabiso elincinci, kodwa zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwayo. Ngoko ke, xa uphuhlisa iingubo ezisekelwe kwi-solvent, ezongezelelo zokusetyenziswa kunye ne-dosage yazo kufuneka zinqunywe ngenani elikhulu leemvavanyo eziphindaphindiweyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-30-2023