Hydrocolloid e entsoe ka eng?

Li-Hydrocolloids hangata li entsoe ka limolek'hule tsa ketane e telele tse nang le karolo ea hydrophilic (e khahlang metsi) hape e kanna ea ba le libaka tsa hydrophobic (tse thibelang metsi). Limolek'hule tsena li ka nkiloe mehloling e fapaneng ea tlhaho kapa ea maiketsetso 'me li khona ho etsa li-gel kapa li-viscous dispersions ha li qhalakanngoa metsing kapa litharollong tsa metsi.

Mona ke mefuta e meng e tloaelehileng ea li-hydrocolloids le mehloli ea tsona:

1. Li-polysaccharides:
   • Agar: E tsoa ho li-seaweed, agar e na le agarose le agaropectin, e leng polysaccharides e entsoeng ka likarolo tse pheta-phetoang tsa galactose le tsoekere e fetotsoeng ea galactose.
   • Alginate: E fumanwe ho tswa ho algae e sootho, alginate ke polysaccharide e entsoeng ka yuniti ea mannuronic acid le guluronic acid, e hlophisitsoeng ka tatellano e fapanyetsanang.
   • Pectin: E fumaneha maboteng a lisele tsa litholoana, pectin ke polysaccharide e rarahaneng e entsoeng ka li-unit tsa galacturonic acid tse nang le likhato tse fapaneng tsa methylation.
2. Liprotheine:
   • Gelatin: E nkiloeng ho collagen, gelatin ke protheine hydrocolloid e entsoeng ka amino acid, haholo-holo glycine, proline, le hydroxyproline.
   • Casein: E fumanwa lebeseng, casein ke sehlopha sa phosphoprotein e etsang hydrocolloids ka boteng ba ion calcium tlasa maemo a asiti.
3. Synthetic Polymers:
   • Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC): Polymer ea semi-synthetic e nkiloeng ho selulose, HPMC e fetotsoe ka lik'hemik'hale ho hlahisa lihlopha tsa hydroxypropyl le methyl mokokotlong oa cellulose.
   • Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC): E boetse e tsoa ho selulose, CMC e feta carboxymethylation ho hlahisa lihlopha tsa carboxymethyl holim'a sebopeho sa cellulose.

Li-hydrocolloid tsena li na le libopeho tse ikhethileng tsa lik'hemik'hale le lihlopha tse sebetsang tse li nolofalletsang ho sebelisana le limolek'hule tsa metsi ka bonding ea hydrogen, litšebelisano tsa motlakase le matla a hydration. Ka lebaka leo, li bonts'a thepa e ikhethang ea rheological, joalo ka viscosity, gelation, le bokhoni ba ho etsa lifilimi, tse li etsang lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa indasteri, ho kenyelletsa lijo, meriana, litlolo le masela.