Lintho tse tsoang ho selulose ether tse qhibilihang ka metsing

Mokhoa oa ho kopanya, tsela le thepa ea mefuta e fapaneng ea li-crosslinking agents le ether ea cellulose e qhibilihang ka metsi e ile ea hlahisoa. Ka ho fetola li-crosslinking, viscosity, thepa ea rheological, solubility le thepa ea mochine ea cellulose ether e qhibilihang ka metsi e ka ntlafatsoa haholo, e le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea eona ea kopo. Ho ea ka sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale le thepa ea li-crosslinkers tse fapaneng, mefuta ea liketso tsa phetoho ea cellulose ether crosslinking e ile ea akaretsoa, ​​'me litsela tsa nts'etsopele ea li-crosslink tse fapaneng likarolong tse fapaneng tsa ts'ebeliso ea cellulose ether li ile tsa akaretsoa. Ka lebaka la ts'ebetso e babatsehang ea cellulose ether e qhibilihang ka metsing e fetotsoeng ka ho kopanya le lithuto tse 'maloa lapeng le linaheng tse ling, phetoho ea nakong e tlang ea ho kopanya cellulose ether e na le menyetla e pharaletseng ea tsoelo-pele. Sena ke bakeng sa litšupiso tsa bafuputsi ba amehang le likhoebo tsa tlhahiso.
Mantsoe a bohlokoa: phetoho ea crosslinking; Cellulose ether; Sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale; Solubility; Ts'ebetso ea kopo

Cellulose ether ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea eona e babatsehang, e le moemeli oa ho thibela metsi, ho boloka metsi, sekhomaretsi, se tlamang le ho qhalana, colloid e sireletsang, stabilizer, suspension agent, emulsifier le moemeli oa ho etsa filimi, e sebelisoang haholo ho roala, ho haha, petroleum, lik'hemik'hale tsa letsatsi le letsatsi, lijo. le liindasteri tsa meriana le tse ling. Cellulose ether haholo-holo e kenyelletsa methyl cellulose,hydroxyethyl cellulose,carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose le mefuta e meng ea ether e tsoakiloeng. Cellulose ether e entsoe ka fiber ea k'hothone kapa fiber ea lehong ka alkalization, etherification, ho hlatsoa centrifugation, ho omisa, mokhoa oa ho sila o lokiselitsoeng, tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa etherification hangata li sebelisa halogenated alkane kapa epoxy alkane.
Leha ho le joalo, ts'ebetsong ea ts'ebetso ea cellulose ether e qhibilihang ka metsing, monyetla o tla kopana le tikoloho e khethehileng, joalo ka mocheso o phahameng le o tlase, tikoloho ea acid-base, tikoloho e rarahaneng ea ionic, libaka tsena li tla etsa hore ho be thata, ho qhibiliha, ho boloka metsi, ho khomarela, sekhomaretsi, ho fanyeha ho tsitsitseng le emulsification ea metsi a qhibilihang ka har'a cellulose ether e ameha haholo, mme e bile e lebisa tahlehelong e felletseng ea ts'ebetso ea eona.
E le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea cellulose ether, ho hlokahala hore u tsamaise phekolo ea crosslinking, ho sebelisa mefuta e fapaneng ea li-crosslinking, sehlahisoa sa sehlahisoa se fapane. E ipapisitse le boithuto ba mefuta e fapaneng ea li-agent tsa crosslinking le mekhoa ea bona ea ho kopanya, e kopantsoeng le theknoloji ea crosslinking ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso ea indasteri, pampiri ena e bua ka ho hokahana ha cellulose ether le mefuta e fapaneng ea li-crosslinking agents, ho fana ka litšupiso bakeng sa phetoho e kopanyang ea cellulose ether. .

1.Structure le crosslinking molao-motheo oa cellulose ether

Cellulose etherKe mofuta oa lintho tse tsoang ho cellulose, tse entsoeng ka karabelo ea ether substitution ea lihlopha tse tharo tsa joala tsa hydroxyl ho limolek'hule tsa cellulose tsa tlhaho le halogenated alkane kapa epoxide alkane. Ka lebaka la phapang ea li-substituents, sebopeho le thepa ea cellulose ether li fapane. Karabelo e kopanyang ea cellulose ether haholo-holo e kenyelletsa etherification kapa esterification ea -OH (OH holim'a selikalikoe sa yuniti ea tsoekere kapa -OH ho e nkang sebaka kapa carboxyl ho e nkang sebaka) le motsoako o kopanyang ka lihlopha tsa binary kapa tse ngata tse sebetsang, e le hore tse peli. kapa ho feta limolek'hule tsa ether tsa cellulose li hokahanngoa hammoho ho theha sebopeho sa marang-rang sa libaka tse ngata. Eo ke crosslinked cellulose ether.
Ka kakaretso, cellulose ether le crosslinking agent ea tharollo ea metsi e nang le ho feta -OH e kang HEC, HPMC, HEMC, MC le CMC e ka ba etherified kapa esterified crosslinked. Hobane CMC e na le li-ion tsa carboxylic acid, lihlopha tse sebetsang ka har'a li-crosslinking li ka kopanngoa le li-ion tsa carboxylic acid.
Ka mor'a karabelo ea -OH kapa -COO- ka selulose ether molek'hule e nang le crosslinking moemeli, ka lebaka la ho fokotseha ha dikahare tsa lihlopha tse qhibilihang ka metsing le ho thehoa ha sebopeho sa marang-rang se nang le mefuta e mengata ka tharollo, solubility ea eona, rheology le thepa ea mechine. e tla fetoloa. Ka ho sebelisa li-crosslinking agents tse fapaneng ho sebetsana le cellulose ether, ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea cellulose ether e tla ntlafala. Cellulose ether e loketseng tšebeliso ea indasteri e ile ea lokisoa.

2. Mefuta ea li-crosslinking agents

2.1 Aldehydes crosslinking agents
Aldehyde crosslinking agents e bua ka metsoako ea tlhaho e nang le sehlopha sa aldehyde (-CHO), e sebetsang ka lik'hemik'hale 'me e ka itšoara ka hydroxyl, ammonia, amide le metsoako e meng. Aldehyde crosslinking agents e sebelisoang bakeng sa selulose le lihlahisoa tsa eona li kenyelletsa formaldehyde, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, glyceraldehyde, joalo-joalo Sehlopha sa Aldehyde se ka itšoara habonolo ka tse peli -OH ho etsa li-acetal tlas'a maemo a fokolang a acidic, 'me karabelo e fetoha. Li-ethers tse tloaelehileng tsa cellulose tse fetotsoeng ke li-aldehydes crosslinking agents ke HEC, HPMC, HEMC, MC, CMC le li-ether tse ling tsa aqueous cellulose.
Sehlopha se le seng sa aldehyde se kopantsoe le lihlopha tse peli tsa hydroxyl holim'a ketane ea limolek'hule tsa cellulose ether, 'me limolek'hule tsa cellulose ether li kopantsoe ka ho thehoa ha li-acetal, ho etsa sebopeho sa sebaka sa marang-rang, e le hore se fetole ho qhibiliha ha eona. Ka lebaka la karabelo ea mahala -OH pakeng tsa aldehyde crosslinking agent le cellulose ether, palo ea lihlopha tsa limolek'hule tsa hydrophilic e fokotsehile, e leng se bakang ho qhibiliha ha metsi ha sehlahisoa. Ka hona, ka ho laola palo ea li-crosslinking agent, crosslinking e leka-lekaneng ea selulose ether e ka liehisa nako ea hydration 'me ea thibela sehlahisoa ho qhibiliha ka potlako ka tharollo e nang le metsi, e leng se etsang hore ho be le agglomeration ea sebakeng seo.
Phello ea aldehyde crosslinking cellulose ether ka kakaretso e itšetlehile ka bongata ba aldehyde, pH, ho tšoana ha karabelo ea crosslinking, nako ea ho kopanya, le mocheso. Mocheso o phahameng haholo kapa o tlase haholo o kopanyang pH le pH li tla baka khokahano e ke keng ea fetoloa ka lebaka la hemiacetal ho acetal, e leng se tla lebisa ho cellulose ether e ke keng ea qhibiliha ka ho felletseng metsing. Bongata ba aldehyde le ho ts'oana ha li-crosslinking reaction li ama ka kotloloho tekanyo ea khokahano ea cellulose ether.
Formaldehyde ha e sebelisoe haholo bakeng sa ho kopanya cellulose ether ka lebaka la chefo ea eona e phahameng le ho feto-fetoha ho hoholo ha eona. Nakong e fetileng, formaldehyde e ne e sebelisoa haholo tšimong ea liphahlo, likhomaretsi, masela, 'me joale butle-butle e nkeloa sebaka ke li-non-formaldehyde crosslinking agents tse nang le chefo e tlaase. Phello ea crosslinking ea glutaraldehyde e molemo ho feta ea glyoxal, empa e na le monko o matla o hlabang, 'me theko ea glutaraldehyde e batla e phahame. Ha ho nahanoa ka kakaretso, indastering, glyoxal e atisa ho sebelisoa ho tšela selulose selulose ether e kopanyang metsi ho ntlafatsa ho qhibiliha ha lihlahisoa. Ka kakaretso mocheso oa kamore, pH 5 ~ 7 maemo a acidic a fokolang a ka etsoa karabelo e fapaneng. Kamora ho kopanya, nako ea hydration le nako e felletseng ea hydration ea cellulose ether e tla ba telele, mme ketsahalo ea agglomeration e tla fokola. Ha ho bapisoa le lihlahisoa tse sa tsitsang, ho qhibiliha ha cellulose ether ho molemo, 'me ho ke ke ha e-ba le lihlahisoa tse sa tsitsang ka tharollo, e leng se loketseng ho sebelisoa ha indasteri. Ha Zhang Shuangjian a lokisa hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, glyoxal e ile ea fafatsoa pele e omisoa ho fumana hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ka ho hasana ha 100%, e sa kang ea khomarelana ha e qhibiliha mme e ne e hasana ka potlako le ho qhibiliha, e ileng ea rarolla ho bokellana ka mokhoa o sebetsang. kopo le ho atolosa sebaka sa kopo.
Boemong ba alkaline, mokhoa o tsosolositsoeng oa ho etsa acetal o tla robeha, nako ea hydration ea sehlahisoa e tla khutsufatsoa, ​​'me litšobotsi tsa ho qhibiliha ha cellulose ether ntle le crosslinking li tla tsosolosoa. Nakong ea ho lokisoa le ho hlahisa cellulose ether, karabelo ea crosslinking ea aldehydes hangata e etsoa ka mor'a ts'ebetso ea etheration reaction, ebang ke mokelikeli oa mokhoa oa ho hlatsoa kapa ka mohato o tiileng ka mor'a centrifugation. Ka kakaretso, ts'ebetsong ea ho hlatsuoa, ho tšoana hoa crosslinking reaction, empa phello ea crosslinking e mpe. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la mefokolo ea lisebelisoa tsa boenjiniere, ho lumellana ha li-cross-linking mokhahlelong o tiileng hoa fokola, empa phello ea ho kopanya e batla e le betere 'me palo ea li-crosslinking agent e sebelisoang e batla e le nyenyane.
Aldehydes crosslinking agents e fetotse ether ea cellulose e qhibilihang ka metsing, ntle le ho ntlafatsa ho qhibiliha ha eona, ho boetse ho na le litlaleho tse ka sebelisoang ho ntlafatsa thepa ea eona ea mechine, botsitso ba viscosity le lisebelisoa tse ling. Ka mohlala, Peng Zhang o sebelisitse glyoxal ho tšela HEC, 'me a hlahloba tšusumetso ea motsoako oa li-crosslinking agent, crosslinking pH le crosslinking mocheso holim'a matla a metsi a HEC. Liphello li bontša hore tlas'a boemo bo botle ba crosslinking, matla a metsi a HEC fiber ka mor'a hore crosslinking a eketsehe ka 41.5%, 'me ts'ebetso ea eona e ntlafatsoa haholo. Zhang Jin o sebelisitse phenolic resin e qhibilihang ka metsing, glutaraldehyde le trichloroacetaldehyde ho tšela CMC. Ka ho bapisa thepa, tharollo ea metsi a qhibilihang ka har'a phenolic resin crosslinked CMC e ne e e-na le phokotso e fokolang ea viscosity ka mor'a phekolo e phahameng ea mocheso, ke hore, ho hanyetsa mocheso ka ho fetisisa.
2.2 Carboxylic acid crosslinking agents
Carboxylic acid crosslinking agents e bua ka metsoako ea acid e polycarboxylic, haholo-holo e kenyelletsang succinic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid le li-binary kapa polycarboxylic acid tse ling. Carboxylic acid crosslinkers e qalile ho sebelisoa ho kopanya likhoele tsa masela ho ntlafatsa boreleli ba tsona. Mokhoa oa ho kopanya o ka tsela e latelang: sehlopha sa carboxyl se kopana le sehlopha sa hydroxyl sa molek'hule ea cellulose ho hlahisa esterified crosslinked cellulose ether. Welch le Yang et al. e bile ba pele ba ho ithuta mokhoa oa ho kopanya oa carboxylic acid crosslinkers. Ts'ebetso ea ho kopanya e ne e le ka tsela e latelang: tlas'a maemo a itseng, lihlopha tse peli tse haufi tsa carboxylic acid ka har'a li-crosslinkers tsa carboxylic acid li ile tsa qala ho felloa ke metsi ho etsa cyclic anhydride, 'me anhydride e ile ea itšoara ka OH ka limolek'hule tsa cellulose ho etsa crosslinked cellulose ether e nang le sebopeho sa sebaka sa marang-rang.
Carboxylic acid crosslinking agents hangata e sebetsana le cellulose ether e nang le hydroxyl substituent. Hobane li-carboxylic acid crosslinking agents li qhibiliha ka metsing ebile ha li chefo, li 'nile tsa sebelisoa haholo thutong ea patsi, starch, chitosan le cellulose lilemong tsa morao tjena.
Li-Derivatives le liphetoho tse ling tsa tlhaho tsa polymer esterification crosslinking, e le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea sebaka sa ts'ebeliso ea eona.
Hu Hanchang et al. e sebelisitse sodium hypophosphite catalyst ho amohela li-polycarboxylic acid tse 'nè tse nang le mekhoa e fapaneng ea limolek'hule: Propane tricarboxylic acid (PCA), 1,2,3, 4-butane tetracarboxylic acid (BTCA), cis-CPTA, cis-CHHA (Cis-ChHA) e sebelisitsoe. ho qeta masela a k'hothone. Liphetho li bonts'itse hore sebopeho se chitja sa polycarboxylic acid se qetang lesela la k'hothone se na le ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho hlaphoheloa ha crease. Limolek'hule tsa cyclic polycarboxylic acid li na le monyetla oa ho kopanya li-cross-link ka lebaka la ho tiea ha tsona le phello e ntle ea ho kopanya ho feta limolek'hule tsa carboxylic acid.
Wang Jiwei et al. sebelisa asiti e tsoakiloeng ea citric acid le acetic anhydride ho etsa esterification le crosslinking phetoho ea starch. Ka ho lekola boleng ba tharollo ea metsi le ponaletso ea peista, ba fihletse qeto ea hore starch ea esterified crosslinked e na le botsitso bo betere ba ho qhibiliha, pepeneneng e tlase le botsitso bo betere ba viscosity ho feta starch.
Lihlopha tsa Carboxylic acid li ka ntlafatsa ho qhibiliha ha tsona, biodegradability le thepa ea mochini kamora karabelo ea esterification crosslinking le e sebetsang -OH ka lipolymer tse fapaneng, 'me metsoako ea acid ea carboxylic e na le thepa e se nang chefo kapa e nang le chefo e tlase, e nang le tebello e pharalletseng ea phetoho e kopanyang ea metsi- Soluble cellulose ether maemong a lijo, sehlopheng sa meriana le masimong a ho roala.
2.3 Epoxy compound crosslinking agent
Epoxy crosslinking agent e na le lihlopha tse peli kapa ho feta tsa epoxy, kapa metsoako ea epoxy e nang le lihlopha tse sebetsang tse sebetsang. Tlas'a ketso ea li-catalysts, lihlopha tsa epoxy le lihlopha tse sebetsang li itšoara ka -OH ka metsoako ea lintho tse phelang ho hlahisa li-macromolecules tse nang le sebopeho sa marang-rang. Ka hona, e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho kopanya cellulose ether.
The viscosity le thepa ea mechine ea cellulose ether e ka ntlafatsoa ke epoxy crosslinking. Li-epoxide li ne li sebelisoa pele ho tšoara likhoele tsa masela 'me li bontša phello e ntle ea ho qetela. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le litlaleho tse fokolang mabapi le phetoho e kopanyang ea cellulose ether ka epoxides. Hu Cheng et al ba hlahisitse crosslinker e ncha ea multifunctional epoxy complinker: EPTA, e ntlafalitseng ho hlaphoheloa ha metsi Angle ea masela a sebele a silika ho tloha 200º pele ho kalafo ho isa ho 280º. Ho feta moo, tefiso e ntle ea crosslinker e ile ea eketsa haholo sekhahla sa ho daea le sekhahla sa ho monya ha masela a 'nete a silika ho lidae tsa asiti. The epoxy compound crosslinking agent e sebelisoang ke Chen Xiaohui et al. : polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PGDE) e kopantsoe le gelatin. Kamora ho hokahana, gelatin hydrogel e na le ts'ebetso e ntle haholo ea ho hlaphoheloa, e nang le sekhahla se phahameng sa ho hlaphoheloa se fihlang ho 98.03%. Ho ipapisitsoe le liphuputso tse mabapi le phetoho ea li-cross-link tsa li-polymer tsa tlhaho tse kang lesela le gelatin ka li-oxide tse bohareng libukeng, phetoho e kopanyang ea cellulose ether le epoxides e boetse e na le tebello e tšepisang.
Epichlorohydrin (eo hape e tsejoang e le epichlorohydrin) ke ntho e atisang ho sebelisoa crosslinking agent bakeng sa phekolo ea thepa ea tlhaho ea polymer e nang le -OH, -NH2 le lihlopha tse ling tse sebetsang. Ka mor'a ho tšela epichlorohydrin crosslinking, viscosity, acid le alkali resistance, ho hanyetsa mocheso, ho hanyetsa letsoai, ho hanyetsa ho kuta le thepa ea mechine ea thepa e tla ntlafatsoa. Ka hona, ts'ebeliso ea epichlorohydrin ho cellulose ether crosslinking e na le bohlokoa bo boholo ba lipatlisiso. Mohlala, Su Maoyao o ile a etsa thepa e khahlang haholo ka ho sebelisa epiclorohydrin crosslinked CMC. O ile a bua ka tšusumetso ea sebopeho sa thepa, tekanyo ea ho kenya sebaka le tekanyo ea ho kopanya thepa ea adsorption, 'me a fumana hore boleng ba ho boloka metsi (WRV) le boleng ba ho boloka metsi (SRV) ea sehlahisoa se entsoeng ka 3% crosslinking agent e eketsehile ka 26. linako le linako tse 17, ka ho latellana. Ha Ding Changguang et al. e lokiselitsoe haholo viscous carboxymethyl cellulose, epichlorohydrin e ile ea eketsoa ka mor'a etherification bakeng sa crosslinking. Ha ho bapisoa, viscosity ea sehlahisoa se kopantsoeng e ne e le holimo ho 51% ho feta ea sehlahisoa se sa amaneng.
2.4 Boric acid crosslinking agents
Boric crosslinking agents haholo-holo li kenyelletsa boric acid, borax, borate, organoborate le lisebelisoa tse ling tse nang le borate tse kopanyang. Hangata ho lumeloa hore mokhoa oa crosslinking ke hore boric acid (H3BO3) kapa borate (B4O72-) e etsa tetrahydroxy borate ion (B (OH) 4-) ka tharollo, ebe e senya metsi ka -Oh ka motsoako. Theha motsoako oa crosslinked ka mohaho oa marang-rang.
Li-crosslinkers tsa boric acid li sebelisoa haholo e le lithuso tsa bongaka, likhalase, lirafshoa, peterole le masimo a mang. Matla a mochine oa thepa e tšoaroang ka boric acid crosslinking agent e tla ntlafatsoa, ​​​​'me e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho kopanya cellulose ether, e le ho ntlafatsa tshebetso ea eona.
Lilemong tsa bo-1960, boron (borax, boric acid le sodium tetraborate, joalo-joalo) e ne e le eona ntho e ka sehloohong e kopanyang e sebelisoang ho nts'etsopele ea mokelikeli o thehiloeng metsing oa masimo a oli le khase. Borax e ne e le sesebelisoa sa pele sa ho kopanya se sebelisitsoeng. Ka lebaka la mefokolo ea boron ea inorganic, joalo ka nako e khuts'oane ea ho kopanya le ho hanyetsa mocheso o fokolang, nts'etsopele ea organoboron crosslinking agent e fetohile sebaka sa lipatlisiso. Lipatlisiso tsa organoboron li qalile lilemong tsa bo-1990. Ka lebaka la litšoaneleho tsa eona tsa ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng, ho bonolo ho senya sekhomaretsi, ho laoleha ho lieha ho tšela, joalo-joalo, organoboron e fihletse phello e ntle ea ts'ebeliso ea oli le khase tšimong ea fracturing. Liu Ji et al. e hlahisitse motsoako oa polymer crosslinking o nang le sehlopha sa phenylboric acid, motsoako o kopanyang o kopantsoeng le acrylic acid le polyol polymer e nang le karabelo ea sehlopha sa succinimide ester, sekhomaretsi se hlahisoang se na le ts'ebetso e phethahetseng e felletseng, se ka bonts'a ho khomarela hantle le thepa ea mochini tikolohong e mongobo, 'me e ka ba teng. ho khomarela ho bonolo haholoanyane. Yang Yang et al. e hlahisitse mocheso o phahameng o hanyetsanang le zirconium boron crosslinking agent, e neng e sebelisetsoa ho tšela guanidine gel base fluid ea fracturing fluid, 'me e ntlafalitse haholo mocheso le ho thibela ho kuta ha mokelikeli oa fracturing ka mor'a phekolo ea ho kopanya. Phetoho ea carboxymethyl cellulose ether ka boric acid crosslinking agent ka har'a mokelikeli oa ho cheka peterole e tlalehiloe. Ka lebaka la sebopeho sa eona se khethehileng, se ka sebelisoa meriana le kaho
Crosslinking ea cellulose ether kahong, ho roala le masimo a mang.
2.5 Phosphide crosslinking agent
Phosphates crosslinking agents haholo-holo kenyeletsa phosphorus trichloroxy (phosphoacyl chloride), sodium trimetaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, joalo-joalo The crosslinking mochine ke hore PO bond kapa P-Cl bond e esterified le molek'hule -OH ka tharollo aqueous ho hlahisa diphosphate, ho etsa marangrang sebopeho. .
Phosphide crosslinking agent ka lebaka la chefo e seng chefo kapa e tlaase, e sebelisoang haholo lijong, meriana ea polymer material crosslinking phetoho, e kang starch, chitosan le phekolo e meng ea tlhaho ea polymer crosslinking. Liphello li bontša hore gelatinization le thepa ea ho ruruha ea starch e ka fetoloa haholo ka ho eketsa karolo e nyenyane ea phosphide crosslinking agent. Ka mor'a ho tšela starch, mocheso oa gelatinization oa eketseha, botsitso ba peista bo ntlafala, ho hanyetsa acid ho molemo ho feta starch ea pele, 'me matla a filimi a eketseha.
Ho boetse ho na le lithuto tse ngata mabapi le chitosan crosslinking le phosphide crosslinking agent, e ka ntlafatsang matla a eona a mochini, botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale le lisebelisoa tse ling. Hajoale, ha ho na litlaleho mabapi le ts'ebeliso ea phosphide crosslinking agent bakeng sa kalafo ea cellulose ether crosslinking. Hobane cellulose ether le starch, chitosan le lipolymer tse ling tsa tlhaho li na le -OH e sebetsang haholoanyane, 'me phosphide crosslinking agent e na le thepa e sa chefo kapa e tlaase ea toxicity, tšebeliso ea eona ho selulose ether crosslinking lipatlisiso e boetse e na le menyetla e ka bang teng. Joalo ka CMC e sebelisoang lijong, lebala la sehlopha sa sesepa sa meno le phetolo ea phosphide crosslinking agent, e ka ntlafatsa thepa ea eona e teteaneng, ea rheological. MC, HPMC le HEC tse sebelisoang lefapheng la meriana li ka ntlafatsoa ke phosphide crosslinking agent.
2.6 Liakhente tse ling tse kopanyang
Li-aldehyde tse ka holimo, li-epoxide le cellulose ether crosslinking ke tsa etherification crosslinking, carboxylic acid, boric acid le phosphide crosslinking agent ke tsa esterification crosslinking. Ho phaella moo, li-crosslinking agents tse sebelisetsoang cellulose ether crosslinking li boetse li kenyelletsa metsoako ea isocyanate, metsoako ea nitrogen hydroxymethyl, metsoako ea sulfhydryl, li-metal crosslinking agents, organosilicon crosslinking agents, joalo-joalo. ho bonolo ho itšoara ka -OH, 'me e ka theha sebopeho sa marang-rang se nang le mahlakore a mangata ka mor'a ho tšela. Thepa ea lihlahisoa tsa crosslinking e amana le mofuta oa crosslinking agent, crosslinking degree le maemo a crosslinking.
Badit · Pabin · Condu et al. e sebelisitse toluene disocyanate (TDI) ho tšela methyl cellulose. Ka mor'a ho tšela, mocheso oa phetoho ea khalase (Tg) o ile oa eketseha ka keketseho ea peresente ea TDI, 'me botsitso ba tharollo ea eona ea metsi bo ntlafetse. TDI e boetse e sebelisoa ka tloaelo bakeng sa phetoho ea crosslinking ka li-adhesives, coatings le masimo a mang. Ka mor'a ho fetoloa, thepa ea sekhomaretsi, ho hanyetsa mocheso le ho hanyetsa metsi ha filimi ho tla ntlafatsoa. Ka hona, TDI e ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea cellulose ether e sebelisetsoang ho haha, liphahlo le li-adhesives ka ho fetola li-crosslinking.
Theknoloji ea disulfide crosslinking e sebelisoa haholo ho fetoleng thepa ea bongaka 'me e na le boleng bo itseng ba lipatlisiso bakeng sa ho kopanya lihlahisoa tsa cellulose ether lefapheng la bongaka. Shu Shujun et al. e kopantsoeng le β-cyclodextrin le silica microspheres, crosslinked mercaptoylated chitosan le glucan ka gradient shell layer, le ho tlosa silica microspheres ho fumana disulfide crosslinked nanocapses, e bontšitseng botsitso bo botle ho pH e etsisitsoeng ea fisioloji.
Metal crosslinking agents ke haholo-holo metsoako ea inorganic le organic ea li-ion tse phahameng tsa tšepe tse kang Zr(IV), Al(III), Ti(IV), Cr(III) le Fe(III). Li-ion tsa tšepe tse phahameng li entsoe ka polymer ho etsa li-ion tsa borokho tsa hydroxyl tse ngata ka hydration, hydrolysis le borokho ba hydroxyl. Ka kakaretso ho lumeloa hore khokahanyo ea li-ion tsa tšepe tse nang le valence e phahameng haholo-holo ke ka li-ion tsa bridging tsa hydroxyl tse nang le li-nucleated tse ngata, tseo ho leng bonolo ho li kopanya le lihlopha tsa carboxylic acid ho theha li-polymer tsa sebopeho sa sebaka se nang le mefuta e mengata. Xu Kai et al. o ithutile thepa ea rheological ea Zr (IV), Al (III), Ti (IV), Cr (III) le Fe (III) letoto la tšepe le theko e phahameng le amanang le carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (CMHPC) le botsitso ba mocheso, tahlehelo ea filtration. , matla a lehlabathe a emisitsoeng, masala a senyang sekhomaretsi le ho lumellana ha letsoai ka mor'a kopo. Liphetho li bonts'itse hore, The crosslinker ea tšepe e na le thepa e hlokahalang bakeng sa sekontiri sa mokelikeli oa seliba sa oli.

3. Ntlafatso ea ts'ebetso le nts'etsopele ea tekheniki ea cellulose ether ka phetoho ea crosslinking

3.1 Ho penta le kaho
Cellulose ether haholo-holo HEC, HPMC, HEMC le MC li sebelisoa haholo lefapheng la kaho, ho roala, mofuta ona oa cellulose ether o tlameha ho ba le ho hanyetsa metsi a mangata, ho teteaneng, ho hanyetsa letsoai le mocheso, ho hanyetsa ho kuta, hangata ho sebelisoa ka seretse sa samente, pente ea latex. , sekhomaretsi sa lithaele tsa ceramic, pente ea lerako la ka ntle, lacquer joalo-joalo. Ka lebaka la mohaho, litlhoko tsa tšimo ea ho roala thepa e tlameha ho ba le matla a matla a mochine le botsitso, ka kakaretso khetha etherification mofuta oa crosslinking moemeli ho selulose ether crosslinking phetolo, joalo ka tšebeliso ea epoxy halogenated alkane, boric acid crosslinking agent bakeng sa crosslinking ea eona, e ka ntlafatsa sehlahisoa. viscosity, letsoai le mocheso ho hanyetsa, ho hanyetsa ho kuta le thepa ea mechine.
3.2 Masimo a meriana, lijo le lik'hemik'hale tsa letsatsi le letsatsi
MC, HPMC le CMC ka har'a selulose ether e qhibilihang ka metsing hangata li sebelisoa ka thepa ea ho roala ka meriana, li-additives tse fokotsang butle tsa meriana le mokelikeli oa meriana oa mokelikeli le emulsion stabilizer. CMC e ka boela ea sebelisoa e le emulsifier le thickener ka yogurt, lihlahisoa tsa lebese le sesepa sa meno. HEC le MC li sebelisoa tšimong ea lik'hemik'hale tsa letsatsi le letsatsi ho teteaneng, ho hasanya le ho homogenize. Hobane tšimo ea meriana, lijo le lik'hemik'hale tsa letsatsi le letsatsi li hloka lisebelisoa tse sireletsehileng le tse se nang chefo, ka hona, bakeng sa mofuta ona oa selulose ether e ka sebelisoa phosphoric acid, carboxylic acid crosslinking agent, sulfhydryl crosslinking agent, joalo-joalo, ka mor'a phetoho ea crosslinking, e ka sebelisoa. ntlafatsa viscosity ea sehlahisoa, botsitso ba likokoana-hloko le thepa e meng.
HEC ha e sebelisoe hangata masimong a meriana le lijo, empa hobane HEC ke ether ea cellulose e seng ea ionic e nang le solubility e matla, e na le melemo e ikhethang ho feta MC, HPMC le CMC. Nakong e tlang, e tla kopanngoa ke lisebelisoa tse sireletsehileng le tse se nang chefo, tse tla ba le bokhoni bo boholo ba nts'etsopele mafapheng a meriana le lijo.
3.3 Libaka tsa ho cheka le ho hlahisa oli
CMC le carboxylated cellulose ether li sebelisoa ka tloaelo e le indasteri e cheka seretse pheko ea seretse, mokelikeli tahlehelo moemeli, thickening moemeli ho sebelisa. E le ether e se nang ionic cellulose, HEC e boetse e sebelisoa haholo tšimong ea ho cheka oli ka lebaka la phello e ntle ea ho teteana, matla a ho emisa lehlabathe le botsitso, ho hanyetsa mocheso, letsoai le phahameng, ho hanyetsa liphaephe, tahlehelo e fokolang ea metsi, rabara e potlakileng. ho robeha le masalla a fokolang. Hona joale, lipatlisiso tse eketsehileng ke tšebeliso ea boric acid crosslinking agents le tšepe crosslinking mahlahana ho fetola CMC sebelisoa tšimong ea ho cheka oli, non-ionic cellulose ether crosslinking phetolo lipatlisiso li tlaleha ka tlaase ho moo, empa hydrophobic phetolo ya non-ionic cellulose ether, ho bontša bohlokoa. viscosity, mocheso le letsoai ho hanyetsa le botsitso ba ho kuta, ho hasana ho hotle le ho hanyetsa biological hydrolysis. Ka mor'a hore crosslinked ke boric acid, tšepe, epoxide, epoxy halogenated alkanes le mahlahana a mang crosslinking, cellulose ether sebelisoa ka oli cheka le tlhahiso e ntlafalitse thickening lona, ​​letsoai le mocheso ho hanyetsa, botsitso le joalo-joalo, e nang le tebello e kholo ea kopo ka bokamoso.
3.4 Likarolo tse ling
Cellulose ether ka lebaka la ho teteana, emulsification, ho etsa filimi, tšireletso ea colloidal, ho boloka mongobo, ho khomarela, ho thibela maikutlo le lintho tse ling tse babatsehang, tse sebelisoang haholo, ho phaella masimong a ka holimo, hape a sebelisoa ho etsa pampiri, li-ceramics, khatiso ea masela le ho daea, karabelo ea polymerization le likarolo tse ling. Ho ea ka litlhoko tsa thepa ea thepa likarolong tse fapaneng, li-agent tse fapaneng tsa crosslinking li ka sebelisoa bakeng sa phetoho ea crosslinking ho finyella litlhoko tsa kopo. Ka kakaretso, crosslinked cellulose ether e ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e 'meli: etherified crosslinked cellulose ether le esterified crosslinked cellulose ether. Aldehydes, epoxides le tse ling tse li-crosslinkers li itšoara ka -Oh ho cellulose ether ho theha bond ea ether-oxygen (-O-), eo e leng ea etherification crosslinkers. Carboxylic acid, phosphide, boric acid le lintho tse ling tse kopanyang li sebetsana le -OH ho cellulose ether ho theha li-ester bond, tsa esterification crosslinking agents. Sehlopha sa carboxyl ho CMC se sebetsana le -OH ka har'a motsoako o kopanyang ho hlahisa esterified crosslinked cellulose ether. Hajoale, ho na le liphuputso tse fokolang mabapi le mofuta ona oa phetoho e kopanyang, 'me ho ntse ho na le sebaka sa ntlafatso nakong e tlang. Hobane botsitso ba bond ea ether bo molemo ho feta bomo ea ester, mofuta oa ether crosslinked cellulose ether o na le botsitso bo matla le thepa ea mochini. Ho ea ka likarolo tse fapaneng tsa kopo, ho ka khethoa moemeli oa crosslinking bakeng sa phetoho ea cellulose ether crosslinking, e le ho fumana lihlahisoa tse finyellang litlhoko tsa kopo.

4. Qetello

Hona joale, indasteri e sebelisa glyoxal ho crosslink cellulose ether, e le ho liehisa nako ea ho qhibiliha, ho rarolla bothata ba ho hlahisa lihlahisoa nakong ea ho qhibiliha. Glyoxal crosslinked cellulose ether e ka fetola feela ho qhibiliha ha eona, empa ha e na ntlafatso e hlakileng linthong tse ling. Hajoale, ts'ebeliso ea li-crosslinking agents tse ling ntle le glyoxal bakeng sa cellulose ether crosslinking ha e ithutoe ka seoelo. Hobane cellulose ether e sebelisoa haholo ho cheka oli, kaho, ho roala, lijo, meriana le liindasteri tse ling, solubility ea eona, rheology, thepa ea mochini e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebelisong ea eona. Ka phetoho ea li-crosslinking, e ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea eona ea ts'ebeliso likarolong tse fapaneng, e le ho fihlela litlhoko tsa kopo. Ka mohlala, carboxylic acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid crosslinking agent bakeng sa cellulose ether esterification e ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea eona ea ts'ebeliso tšimong ea lijo le meriana. Leha ho le joalo, aldehydes e ke ke ea sebelisoa indastering ea lijo le meriana ka lebaka la chefo ea bona ea 'mele. Boric acid le tšepe crosslinking agents li thusa ho ntlafatsa tshebetso ya oli le khase fracturing mokelikeli ka mor'a crosslinking cellulose ether sebelisoa ho cheka oli. Lisebelisoa tse ling tsa alkyl crosslinking, tse kang epichlorohydrin, li ka ntlafatsa viscosity, thepa ea rheological le thepa ea mochine ea cellulose ether. Ka tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele ea saense le thekenoloji, litlhoko tsa liindasteri tse sa tšoaneng bakeng sa thepa ea thepa li lula li ntlafala. E le ho fihlela litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso ea cellulose ether mafapheng a fapaneng a kopo, lipatlisiso tsa kamoso mabapi le cellulose ether crosslinking li na le menyetla e pharaletseng ea nts'etsopele.