Sebakeng sa likhomaretsi tsa indasteri, ho batla lisebelisoa tse fanang ka ts'ebetso e phahameng, ho tšoarella ha tikoloho, le ho boloka litšenyehelo ke ntho e ka sehloohong. Har'a lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tse hlahlobiloeng, li-starch ethers li hlahile e le karolo e kholo ea ho ntlafatsa thepa ea sekhomaretsi. Li-starch ethers, tse nkiloeng ho starch ea tlhaho, li na le phetoho ea lik'hemik'hale ho ntlafatsa thepa ea tsona ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale, e leng se etsang hore li tšoanelehe haholo bakeng sa mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa tsa indasteri.
Ho utloisisa Starch Ethers
Starch, polysaccharide e entsoeng ka likarolo tsa tsoekere, ke sesebelisoa se ka nchafatsoang hape se ka senyehang se sebelisoang haholo liindastering tse fapaneng. Leha ho le joalo, starch ea matsoalloa e na le mefokolo e itseng, e kang ho utloisisa mongobo, ho qhibiliha ho fokolang metsing a batang, le tšekamelo ea ho khutlela morao (recrystallize), e thibelang tšebeliso ea eona ho li-adhesive. Ho hlōla mathata ana, starch e fetoloa lik'hemik'hale ho hlahisa li-ether tsa starch.
Li-starch ethers li thehoa ka ho hlahisa lihlopha tsa ether (alkyl kapa hydroxyalkyl lihlopha) ka har'a molek'hule ea starch. Phetoho ena e ntlafatsa ho qhibiliha, botsitso le thepa ea ho etsa filimi ea starch, e leng se etsang hore e be e loketseng haholoanyane bakeng sa tšebeliso ea likhomaretsi. Mefuta e tloaelehileng ea starch ethers e kenyelletsa hydroxyethyl starch (HES), hydroxypropyl starch (HPS), le carboxymethyl starch (CMS).
Synthesis ea Starch Ethers
Ho kopanya ha starch ethers ho kenyelletsa letoto la liphetoho tsa lik'hemik'hale moo starch ea tlhaho e tšoaroang ka li-etherifying agents. Mohlala, starch ea hydroxypropyl e hlahisoa ka ho arabela starch ka propylene oxide, ha starch ea carboxymethyl e entsoe ka monochloroacetic acid. The degree of substitution (DS), e bonts'ang palo e tloaelehileng ea lihlopha tsa hydroxyl ho molek'hule ea starch e nketsoeng sebaka ke lihlopha tsa ether, e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho khethollang thepa ea sephetho sa starch ether.
Lintlafatso tsa Thepa ea Sekhomaretsi
Li-starch ethers li tlisa lintlafatso tse 'maloa ho sekhomaretsi sa lihlahisoa tsa indasteri:
Keketseho ea Solubility le Viscosity Control: Ho kenngoa ha lihlopha tsa ether ho ntlafatsa ho qhibiliha ha metsi ho li-starch ethers, ho li lumella ho qhibiliha metsing a batang le a chesang. Thepa ena e bohlokoa bakeng sa likhomaretsi kaha e netefatsa ts'ebeliso e ts'oanang le ts'ebetso e ts'oanang. Ho feta moo, viscosity ea litharollo tsa starch ether e ka laoloa ka ho fetola tekanyo ea ho fetola, ho etsa hore ho be le li-adhesives tse nang le thepa e khethehileng ea rheological.
Khomarelo e Ntlafetseng le Momahano: Li-starch ethers li bonts'a ho khomarela hantle ho mefuta e fapaneng ea li-substrates, ho kenyeletsoa pampiri, lehong, masela le polasetiki. Sena se bakoa ke tšebelisano e ntseng e eketseha lipakeng tsa limolek'hule tsa starch tse fetotsoeng le bokaholimo ba substrate. Ho phaella moo, matla a kopantsoeng a filimi ea sekhomaretsi a matlafatsoa ka lebaka la ho thehoa ha marang-rang a polymer a tšoanang le a feto-fetohang.
Botsitso bo Ntlafetseng le Bohanyetsi: Likhomaretsi tse entsoeng ka starch ethers li bontša botsitso bo ntlafetseng tlas'a maemo a fapaneng a tikoloho. Li bontša ho hanyetsa mongobo, e leng molemo o moholo ho feta li-adhesive tsa setache tse atisang ho fokola maemong a mongobo. Sena se etsa li-adhesives tse thehiloeng ho starch ether tse loketseng lits'ebetso moo ho pepesehela mongobo ho amehang.
Biodegradability le Moshoelella: O mong oa melemo ea bohlokoahali ea li-starch ethers ke ho senyeha ha tsona. Ho fapana le likhomaretsi tsa maiketsetso tse nkiloeng ho lik'hemik'hale tsa petrochemical, li-adhesives tse thehiloeng ho starch ether li na le botsoalle ba tikoloho 'me li bola ka tlhaho, li fokotsa sebaka sa tikoloho. Sena se tsamaisana le tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha ea litharollo tsa sekhomaretsi tse tšoarellang le tse tala liindastering tse fapaneng.
Lisebelisoa tsa indasteri
Thepa e ntlafalitsoeng ea starch ether e lebisitse ho amoheloeng ha tsona hohle lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa indasteri:
Indasteri ea Lipampiri le Liphutheloana: Likhomaretsi tse thehiloeng ho starch ether li sebelisoa haholo indastering ea pampiri le ea ho paka ka lebaka la bokhoni ba tsona bo matla ba tlamahano le biodegradability. Li sebelisetsoa tlhahiso ea boto ea masenke, lamination ea pampiri, hape e le ntho e tlamang lihlahisoa tsa pampiri.
Mosebetsi oa Lepolanka le Thepa ea Thepa: Lefapheng la mapolanka le thepa ea ka tlung, likhomaretsi tsa starch ether li fana ka maqhama a matla le a tšoarellang. Ho ntlafala ha tsona ho hanyetsa mongobo ho molemo ka ho khetheha bakeng sa ho kopanya likarolo tsa lepolanka tse ka 'nang tsa pepesehela maemo a fapaneng a mongobo.
Masela: Li-ether tsa starch li sebelisoa indastering ea masela bakeng sa boholo le ho phethela lits'ebetso. Thepa e matlafalitsoeng ea ho khomarela e netefatsa hore likhoele li tlamahane hantle, li ntlafatsa boleng le ho tšoarella ha lihlahisoa tsa masela tsa ho qetela.
Kaho: Lefapheng la kaho, li-adhesives tse thehiloeng ho starch ether li sebelisoa bakeng sa ho koahela mabota, fatše, le ho eketsa samente le samente. Bokhoni ba bona ba ho ntlafatsa boleng ba sekhomaretsi ba thepa ea kaho bo tlatsetsa ho ts'epahalang le ho phela nako e telele ha meaho.
Indasteri ea Lijo: Li-starch ethers tse fetotsoeng li boetse li sebelisoa indastering ea lijo e le li tlamahanyang le ho tiisa lihlahisoa tse kang litlolo, litlolo tse kentsoeng, le likhomaretsi tse jeoang. Tšireletseho ea tsona le ho senyeha ha tsona ho etsa hore li tšoanelehe bakeng sa ho sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse amanang le lijo.
Litebello le Mathata a Kamoso
Bokamoso ba li-starch ethers tse likhomaretsing tsa indasteri bo shebahala bo ts'episa, bo susumetsoa ke tlhokahalo e tsoelang pele ea lisebelisoa tse tšoarellang le tsoelopele ea mekhoa ea ho fetola lik'hemik'hale. Patlisiso e tsepamisitse maikutlo ho nts'etsopele ea mefuta e mecha ea li-starch ethers tse nang le thepa e etselitsoeng lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng. Litlhahiso tsa mekhoa ea ho kopanya li reretsoe ho ntlafatsa katleho ea mekhoa ea ho fetola, ho fokotsa litšenyehelo, le ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea tikoloho.
Leha ho le joalo, ho na le mathata a lokelang ho rarolloa. Ts'ebetso ea li-adhesives tse thehiloeng ho starch ether e ka susumetsoa ke mohloli le boleng ba starch ea tlhaho, e fapaneng le maemo a temo. Ho netefatsa boleng bo tsitsitseng le ts'ebetso ea sehlahisoa sa ho qetela ho hloka taolo e matla holim'a lisebelisoa tse tala le mekhoa ea tlhahiso. Ho feta moo, le hoja li-starch ethers li khona ho senyeha, phello e feletseng ea tikoloho ea tlhahiso ea tsona le ho lahla li tlameha ho hlahlojoa ka hloko ho netefatsa hore li lula e le khetho e tsitsitseng.
Li-starch ethers li fetotse tšebetso ea likhomaretsi tsa indasteri ka ho fana ka motsoako oa ts'ebetso e ntlafalitsoeng le melemo ea tikoloho. Motsoako oa tsona o ntlafetseng, ho khomarela, botsitso, le ho senyeha ha tsona ho etsa hore e be mokhoa o mong o khahlang ho fapana le likhomaretsi tsa maiketsetso tsa setso. Ha liindasteri li ntse li tsoela pele ho etelletsa pele botsitso, karolo ea starch ethers lits'ebetsong tsa sekhomaretsi e ikemiselitse ho hola, e tsamaisoa ke lipatlisiso tse tsoelang pele le tsoelopele ea theknoloji. Phephetso ke ho ntlafatsa tlhahiso ea bona le ts'ebeliso ea bona ho eketsa melemo ha ba ntse ba fokotsa litšitiso leha e le life tse ka bang teng, ho netefatsa hore starch ethers e lula e le lejoe la motheo la tharollo ea sekhomaretsi e sebetsang hantle nakong e tlang.
Nako ea poso: Jun-04-2024