Polyvinyl joala PVA

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) ke polymer ea maiketsetso e nkiloeng ho vinyl acetate ka polymerization le hydrolysis e latelang. Ke polymer e qhibilihang ka metsi e nang le mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ikhethang. Ha re hlahlobe lintlha tse ling tsa bohlokoa tsa joala ba polyvinyl:

1. Sebopeho sa Lik'hemik'hale: Joala ba polyvinyl bo khetholloa ke karolo e pheta-phetoang ea vinyl alcohol monomers. Li-unit tsa joala tsa vinyl li hokahanngoa hammoho ka li-bond tsa carbon-carbon single, ho etsa ketane ea polymer e melang. Leha ho le joalo, joala bo hloekileng ba vinyl ha bo tsitsitse, kahoo joala ba polyvinyl hangata bo hlahisoa ke hydrolysis ea polyvinyl acetate, moo lihlopha tse ling tsa acetate li nkeloang sebaka ke lihlopha tsa hydroxyl.

2. Thepa:

• Ho qhibiliha ha Metsi: E 'ngoe ea litšobotsi tsa bohlokoahali tsa PVA ke ho qhibiliha ha eona ho holimo ha metsi. E qhibiliha habonolo ka metsing ho etsa litharollo tse hlakileng, tse nang le li-viscous, e leng se etsang hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng moo ho hlokahalang ho etsoa ka metsi.
• Bokhoni ba ho Etsa Lifilimi: PVA e ka etsa lifilimi tse pepeneneng, tse tenyetsehang ha li lahleloa ho tsoa tharollong ea eona ea metsi. Lifilimi tsena li na le matla a matle a mochini, thepa ea litšitiso, 'me li khomarela li-substrates, li etsa hore li sebelisoe lits'ebetsong tse kang liphahlo, likhomaretsi le thepa ea ho paka.
• Biocompatibility: PVA ka kakaretso e nkuoa e le biocompatible le e se nang chefo, e e etsa hore e tšoanelehe ho sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa bongaka le tsa meriana, joalo ka litsamaiso tsa phepelo ea lithethefatsi, maqeba a maqeba, le scaffolds tsa boenjiniere ba lisele.
• Botsitso ba Lik'hemik'hale: PVA e bonts'a botsitso bo botle ba lik'hemik'hale, e hanela ho senyeha ka li-acids, metheo, le li-solvents tsa manyolo tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng. Leha ho le joalo, e ka 'na ea e-ba le hydrolysis tlas'a maemo a acidic kapa alkaline, e leng se lebisang ho tahlehelo ea thepa.

3. Likopo: Joala ba Polyvinyl bo na le mefuta e mengata ea ts'ebeliso ho liindasteri tse fapaneng:

• Likhomaretsi: Likhomaretsi tse thehiloeng ho PVA li sebelisoa haholo ha ho etsoa mapolanka, liphutheloana tsa pampiri, le lihlahisoa tsa bareki ka lebaka la ho khomarela hantle, ho hanyetsa metsi, le ho sebelisoa habonolo.
• Masela: Lithaele tsa PVA li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa masela ho fana ka matla, ho hanyetsa masela, le botsitso ba sebopeho sa masela.
• Liphutheloana: Lifilimi tse thehiloeng ho PVA li sebelisoa e le thepa ea ho paka lijo, meriana le lihlahisoa tse ling ka lebaka la thepa ea tsona ea tšitiso le ho senyeha ha tlhaho.
• Liaparo tsa Pampiri: Liaparo tse entsoeng ka PVA li sebelisoa pampiring le pampiring ho ntlafatsa boreleli ba holim'a metsi, ho hatisoa le ho hanyetsa mongobo.
• Kaho: Liqapi tse thehiloeng ho PVA li sebelisoa linthong tsa kaho tse kang metsoako ea samente, li-additives tsa samente, le li-modifiers tsa seretse ho matlafatsa ts'ebetso, ho khomarela le ho tšoarella.

4. Litlhokomelo tsa Tikoloho: Le hoja joala ba polyvinyl bo ka senyeha tlas'a maemo a itseng, tšebeliso ea bona e pharaletseng le ho lahloa ho ntse ho ka ba le liphello tsa tikoloho. Biodegradation ea PVA hangata e etsahala ka ts'ebetso ea likokoana-hloko tikolohong ea aerobic, joalo ka lisebelisoa tsa manyolo kapa limela tsa ho hloekisa metsi a litšila. Leha ho le joalo, libakeng tse anaerobic, joalo ka lithōle, PVA e ka tšoarella nako e telele. Boiteko ba ho theha mefuta e meng e ka senyehang kapa e ka nchafatsoang ho fapana le mekhoa ea setso ea PVA e ntse e tsoela pele ho fokotsa mathata ana a tikoloho.

Ka bokhutšoanyane, joala ba polyvinyl (PVA) ke polima e nang le mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea lisebelisoa ka lebaka la ho qhibiliha ha eona ha metsi, bokhoni ba ho etsa lifilimi, ho lumellana ha lintho, le botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale. Tšebeliso ea eona e akaretsa liindasteri tse kang likhomaretsi, masela, ho paka, ho roala pampiri le thepa ea kaho. Le ha PVA e fana ka melemo e mengata, menahano ea tikoloho le boiteko ba ho theha mekhoa e meng e tšoarellang ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa ts'ebelisong ea eona e tsoelang pele le nts'etsopele.