Seretse se omileng se kopantsoeng ke motsoako oa lisebelisoa tsa samente (samente, molora oa fofa, phofo ea slag, joalo-joalo), li-aggregate tse khethehileng tse hlophisitsoeng (lehlabathe la quartz, corundum, joalo-joalo, 'me ka linako tse ling li hloka li-granules tse khanyang, perlite e atolositsoeng, vermiculite e atolositsoeng, joalo-joalo. ) le li-admixtures li kopantsoe ka mokhoa o ts'oanang ka tekanyo e itseng, ebe li kenngoa ka mekotleng, libarele kapa li fanoa ka bongata ka boemo bo omileng ba phofo e le thepa ea mohaho.
Ho ea ka kopo, ho na le mefuta e mengata ea seretse sa khoebo, joalo ka seretse sa phofo se omeletseng bakeng sa masonry, seretse se omeletseng sa phofo bakeng sa ho rala, seretse se omeletseng sa phofo bakeng sa fatše, seretse se khethehileng sa phofo bakeng sa ho thibela metsi, ho boloka mocheso le merero e meng. Ho akaretsa, seretse se kopantseng se omeletseng se ka aroloa ka seretse se tloaelehileng se tsoakiloeng (masonry, plastering le seretse se omeletseng se tsoakiloeng) le seretse se khethehileng se tsoakiloeng. Seretse se ikhethileng se omeletseng se kenyelletsa: seretse sa fatše se ikemetseng, thepa ea fatše e sa senyeheng, fatše e sa cheng, seretse sa inorganic caulking, seretse se sa keneleng metsi, seretse sa resin plastering, lisebelisoa tse sireletsang holim'a konkreite, seretse se penteng ka mebala, joalo-joalo.
Ka hona, liretse tse ngata tse tsoakiloeng li hloka metsoako ea mefuta e fapaneng le mekhoa e fapaneng ea ts'ebetso e lokelang ho etsoa ka liteko tse ngata. Ha ho bapisoa le metsoako e tloaelehileng ea konkreite, li-admixtures tsa seretse tse omeletseng li ka sebelisoa feela ka foromo ea phofo, 'me ea bobeli, li qhibiliha ka metsing a batang, kapa li qhibiliha butle-butle tlas'a ketso ea alkalinity ho sebelisa phello ea tsona e loketseng.
1. Thickener, moemeli oa ho boloka metsi le stabilizer Seretse se tloaelehileng se lokiselitsoeng ke samente, inert kapa e sebetsang ea motsoako oa liminerale, le kakaretso e ntle, mefokolo ea eona e ka sehloohong ke bonngoe bo bobe, botsitso bo fokolang, ho tsoa mali habonolo, karohano, Ho iphelisa, kaho e thata, ka mor'a ho hahoa, matla a tlamahano a tlase, ho bonolo ho petsoha, ho fokola ha metsi, ho tšoarella ho fokolang, joalo-joalo, a tlameha ho fetoloa ka li-additives tse loketseng. Mabapi le ho ntlafatsa momahano, ho boloka metsi le botsitso ba seretse, li-additives tse ka khethoang li kenyelletsa cellulose ether, ether ea starch e fetotsoeng, joala ea polyvinyl, polyacrylamide le phofo e teteaneng.
Cellulose ether methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (PMC) le hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC) kaofela li entsoe ka thepa ea tlhaho ea polymer (e kang k'hothone, joalo-joalo) Ether ea cellulose e seng ea ionic e hlahisoang ke phekolo ea lik'hemik'hale. Li khetholloa ka ho qhibiliha ha metsi a batang, ho boloka metsi, ho teteaneng, ho kopana, ho etsa filimi, lubricity, non-ionic le pH botsitso. Ho qhibiliha ha metsi a batang a sehlahisoa sa mofuta ona ho ntlafatsoa haholo, 'me matla a ho boloka metsi a ntlafatsoa, thepa e teteaneng e hlakile, bophara ba li-bubble tsa moea tse hlahisoang li batla li le nyenyane,' me phello ea ho ntlafatsa matla a ho kopanya a seretse ke. e ntlafalitsoe haholo.
Cellulose ether ha e na mefuta e sa tšoaneng feela, empa hape e na le mefuta e mengata ea boima ba molek'hule le viscosity ho tloha 5mPa. s ho isa ho 200,000 mPa. s, phello ea ts'ebetso ea seretse sethaleng se secha le ka mor'a ho thatafala le eona e fapane. Palo e kholo ea liteko e lokela ho etsoa ha ho khethoa khetho e khethehileng. Khetha mefuta e fapaneng ea cellulose e nang le viscosity e loketseng le mefuta ea boima ba limolek'hule, tekanyo e nyane, 'me ha ho na thepa e kenang moeeng. Ke ka tsela ena feela e ka fumanoang hang-hang. Ts'ebetso e ntle ea tekheniki, empa hape e na le moruo o motle.
Starch ether Starch ether ke ether e entsoeng ke karabelo ea lihlopha tsa hydroxyl holim'a limolek'hule tsa tsoekere ea starch tse nang le lik'hemik'hale tse nang le lik'hemik'hale tse bitsoang starch ether kapa etherified starch. Mefuta e ka sehloohong ea li-starch ethers tse fetotsoeng ke: sodium carboxymethyl starch (CMS), hydrocarbon alkyl starch (HES), hydrocarbon propyl ethyl starch (HPS), cyanoethyl starch, joalo-joalo Kaofela ba na le mesebetsi e babatsehang ea ho qhibiliha ha metsi, ho kopanya, ho ruruha, ho phalla. , koahela, desizing, boholo, hasana le botsitso, 'me ho pharaletseng sebelisoa ka meriana, lijo, masela, papermaking, letsatsi le letsatsi lik'hemik'hale le petroleum le mafapha a mang.
Hona joale, tebello ea starch ether e sebelisoang ho seretse sa phofo e omileng e boetse e tšepisa haholo. Mabaka a mantlha ke: ① Theko ea starch ether e batla e le tlase, ke 1/3 ho isa ho 1/4 feela ea cellulose ether; ② Starch ether e kopantsoeng le seretse le eona e tla ntlafatsa Viscosity, ho boloka metsi, botsitso le matla a tlamahano a seretse; ③ Starch ether e ka kopanngoa le cellulose ether ka tekanyo efe kapa efe, e le ho ntlafatsa hamolemo phello e khahlanong le ho sisinyeha ha seretse. Lihlahisoa tse ling tsa seretse, joalo ka lebota la ceramic le lithaelese tsa fatše, li-agent tsa kalafo ea li-interface, li-caulking agents le lirekere tse tloaelehileng tsa khoebo, starch ether e sebelisoa e le eona ntho e ka sehloohong e thibelang metsi le e bolokang metsi le stabilizer. Empa ha re sheba baetsi ba starch ether naheng ea heso, ba bangata ba bona ba lula feela phepelong ea lihlahisoa tsa mantlha, mme ke baetsi ba 'maloa feela ba hlahisang le ho fana ka ether e fetotsoeng ea starch ho fihlela karolo ea tlhoko ea baetsi ba seretse.
Seretse sa phofo e teteaneng Phofo e teteaneng ke sehlahisoa se secha se ntlafalitsoeng ho ikamahanya le tlhahiso ea seretse se tloaelehileng se omileng (se lokiselitsoeng ho tsoaka). Haholo-holo e entsoe ka liminerale le lisebelisoa tsa organic polymer, 'me ha e na kalaka le likarolo tse kenngoeng ke moea. Tekanyetso ea eona e ka ba 5% ho isa ho 20% ea boima ba samente. Hona joale, ha ho etsoa seretse se tloaelehileng sa thepa Shanghai, phofo e teteaneng e atisa ho sebelisoa e le motsoako o teteaneng, o bolokang metsi le o tsitsitseng, 'me phello e tsoteha.
Polyvinyl joala le polyacrylamide le tsona li na le mefuta e mengata ea viscosity, empa ka linako tse ling chelete e kenang moeeng e kholo, kapa tlhokahalo ea metsi ea seretse e eketseha haholo ka mor'a hore e kopane, kahoo ho lokela ho sebelisoa liteko tse ngata ho khetha.
2. Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa "latex powder thickener" ea redispersible ke ho ntlafatsa ho boloka metsi le botsitso ba seretse. Le hoja e ka thibela seretse ho petsoha (ho fokotsa sekhahla sa moea oa mouoane oa metsi) ho isa bohōleng bo itseng, hangata ha se sebelisoe ho ntlafatsa ho tiea le ho hanyetsa mapetso a seretse. le mekhoa e thibelang metsi.
Tloaelo ea ho eketsa li-polymers ho ntlafatsa ho se tsitsehe, ho tiea, ho hanyetsa ho phunyeha le ho hanyetsa tšusumetso ea seretse le konkreite e 'nile ea hlokomeloa. Li-emulsions tse sebelisoang ka tloaelo tsa polymer bakeng sa phetoho ea seretse sa samente le konkreite ea samente li kenyelletsa: emulsion ea rabara ea neoprene, emulsion ea rabara ea styrene-butadiene, polyacrylate latex, polyvinyl chloride, emulsion ea rabara ea chlorine, polyvinyl acetate, joalo-joalo Ka nts'etsopele ea lipatlisiso tsa saense, eseng feela. liphello tsa phetoho ea li-polymer tse fapa-fapaneng li 'nile tsa ithutoa ka botebo, empa hape le mochine oa ho fetola, mokhoa oa ho sebelisana pakeng tsa li-polymers le samente, le lihlahisoa tsa samente tsa hydration le tsona li ithutoa ka khopolo. Liphuputso le lipatlisiso tse tebileng haholoanyane, 'me palo e kholo ea liphetho tsa lipatlisiso tsa saense li hlahile.
Emulsion ea polymer e ka sebelisoa ha ho etsoa seretse se lokiselitsoeng, empa ho hlakile hore ho ke ke ha khoneha ho se sebelisa ka ho toba ha ho etsoa seretse sa phofo e omileng, kahoo ho ile ha tsoaloa phofo ea morao-rao ea latex. Hajoale, "latex" phofo e ka sebelisoang hape ka seretse se ommeng haholo e kenyelletsa: ① vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer (VAC/E); ② vinyl acetate-tert-carbonate copolymer (VAC / VeoVa); ③ acrylate homopolymer ( Acrylate); ④ vinyl acetate homopolymer (VAC); 4) styrene-acrylate copolymer (SA), joalo-joalo Har'a bona, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer e na le tekanyo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea tšebeliso.
Ho itloaetsa ho ipakile hore ts'ebetso ea phofo ea latex e tsitsitseng e tsitsitse, 'me e na le liphello tse ke keng tsa lekanngoa ho ntlafatsa matla a ho tlamahane a seretse, ho ntlafatsa ho tiea ha eona, ho senyeha, ho hanyetsa le ho se khonehe, joalo-joalo Ho eketsa phofo ea hydrophobic latex e kopantsoeng ke polyvinyl acetate, vinyl chloride. , ethylene, vinyl laurate, joalo-joalo e ka boela ea fokotsa haholo ho kenngoa ha metsi a seretse (ka lebaka la hydrophobicity ea eona), ho etsa hore moea oa seretse o kenellehe ebile o sa kenellehe, ho ntlafatsa boemo ba leholimo 'me bo ntlafalitse ho tšoarella.
Ha ho bapisoa le ho ntlafatsa matla a ho feto-fetoha le matla a tlamahano ea seretse le ho fokotsa brittleness ea eona, phello ea redispersible latex powder ho ntlafatsa ho boloka metsi a seretse le ho matlafatsa momahano oa eona e lekanyelitsoe. Kaha ho eketsoa ha phofo ea latex e ka qhalakanngoang hape ho ka baka hore ho be le moea o mongata o kenang moeeng ka har'a motsoako oa seretse, phello ea eona ea ho fokotsa metsi e hlakile haholo. Ha e le hantle, ka lebaka la sebopeho se futsanehileng sa li-bubble tsa moea tse hlahisitsoeng, phello ea ho fokotsa metsi ha ea ka ea ntlafatsa matla. Ho e-na le hoo, matla a seretse a tla fokotseha butle-butle ka keketseho ea "latex powder content" e ka sebelisoang hape. Ka hona, ho nts'etsopele ea liretse tse ling tse hlokang ho nahana ka matla a ho hatella le ho feto-fetoha ha maemo, hangata hoa hlokahala ho eketsa defoamer ka nako e le 'ngoe e le ho fokotsa tšusumetso e mpe ea phofo ea latex ka matla a khatello le matla a flexural a seretse. .
3. Ka lebaka la ho eketsoa ha selulose, starch ether le lisebelisoa tsa polymer, ha ho pelaelo hore defoamer e eketsa thepa ea ho kenya moea ea seretse. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, e ama matla a khatello, matla a flexural le matla a tlamahano a seretse, 'me e fokotsa modulus ea eona ea elastic. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, e boetse e na le tšusumetso e kholo ponahalong ea seretse, kahoo ho hlokahala haholo ho felisa li-bubble tsa moea tse hlahisoang ka seretse. Hona joale, li-defoam tse tsoang linaheng tse ling tse tsoang linaheng tse ling li sebelisoa haholo-holo Chaena ho rarolla bothata bona, empa hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore ka lebaka la viscosity e phahameng ea seretse sa thepa, ho felisoa ha li-bubble tsa moea hase ntho e bonolo haholo.
4. Anti-sagging agent Ha u maneha lithaele tsa ceramic, liboto tsa polystyrene tse phophomang, 'me u sebelisa rabara phofo polystyrene particle insulation seretse, bothata bo boholo bo tobaneng le ho oa. Boikoetliso bo pakile hore ho eketsa starch ether, sodium bentonite, metakaolin le montmorillonite ke mokhoa o sebetsang oa ho rarolla bothata ba seretse se oelang ka mor'a ho hahoa. Tharollo e ka sehloohong ea bothata ba ho senya ke ho eketsa khatello ea pele ea ho kuta ea seretse, ke hore, ho eketsa thixotropy ea eona. Lits'ebetsong tse sebetsang, ha ho bonolo ho khetha moemeli o motle oa anti-sagging, hobane o hloka ho rarolla kamano pakeng tsa thixotropy, workability, viscosity le tlhokahalo ea metsi.
5. Moemeli o thibelang metsi Ts'ebetso e sa keneleng metsi kapa e thibelang metsi ea seretse sa plastering, sekontiri sa lithaele, seretse sa mebala e khabisitsoeng le seretse se omeletseng se sebelisoang bakeng sa lebota le kantle la sistimi e tšesaane ea plastering ke ea bohlokoa haholo, e hlokang ho eketsoa ha Powdered. se lelekang metsi, empa se lokela ho ba le litšobotsi tse latelang: ① etsa hore seretse se be le hydrophobic ka kakaretso le ho boloka phello ea nako e telele; ② ha e na tšusumetso e mpe holim'a matla a tlamahano a holim'a metsi; ③ tse ling tse thibelang metsi tse sebelisoang hangata 'marakeng, joalo ka Calcium fatty acid ha se motsoako o loketseng oa hydrophobic bakeng sa seretse se omeletseng, haholo-holo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa ho rala bakeng sa kaho ea mochini, hobane ho thata ho kopanya kapele le ka mokhoa o ts'oanang le seretse sa samente.
Sehlahisoa se thibelang metsi se entsoeng ka silane se sa tsoa etsoa, e leng sehlahisoa sa phofshoana se entsoeng ka silane se fumanoang ka ho fafatsa li-colloids tse sireletsang ka metsi le li-anti-caking agents. Ha seretse se kopantsoe le metsi, khetla e sireletsang ea colloid ea ntho e thibelang metsi e qhibiliha ka potlako ka metsing, ebe e lokolla silane e kentsoeng ho e qhala hape ka metsing a tsoakiloeng. Sebakeng se nang le alkaline e ngata ka mor'a samente hydration, lihlopha tsa hydrophilic organic functional ka har'a silane li tšeloa ka metsi ho theha lihlopha tsa silanol tse sebetsang hantle, 'me lihlopha tsa silanol li tsoela pele ho itšoara ka tsela e ke keng ea fetoha le lihlopha tsa hydroxyl lihlahisoa tsa samente tsa hydration ho theha likamano tsa lik'hemik'hale. silane e kopantsoeng hammoho ka ho kopanya sefapano e tsitsitse ka thata holim'a lerako la pore la seretse sa samente. Ha lihlopha tsa hydrophobic organic functional li shebane le bokantle ba lebota la pore, bokaholimo ba li-pores bo fumana hydrophobicity, ka hona ho tlisa phello e akaretsang ea hydrophobic ho seretse.
6. Pantherine Inhibitor Pantherine e tla ama aesthetics ea seretse se khabisitsoeng se entsoeng ka samente, e leng bothata bo tloaelehileng bo lokelang ho rarolloa. Ho ea ka litlaleho, resin-based-anti-pantherine additive e 'nile ea ntlafatsoa ka katleho morao tjena, e leng phofo e tsosolositsoeng e nang le ts'ebetso e ntle e susumetsang. Sehlahisoa sena se loketse ka ho khetheha bakeng sa ho sebelisoa liphahlong tsa liphallelo, li-putty, li-caulks kapa ho qeta litlolo tsa seretse 'me li lumellana hantle le li-additives tse ling.
7. Fiber Ho kenya fiber e lekaneng ka har'a seretse ho ka eketsa matla a tsitsitseng, ho matlafatsa ho tiea le ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa ha crack. Hona joale, hangata likhoele tsa maiketsetso tsa lik'hemik'hale le likhoele tsa lehong li sebelisoa seretseng se tsoakiloeng. Lik'hemik'hale tse entsoeng ka lik'hemik'hale, tse kang polypropylene staple fiber, polypropylene staple fiber, joalo-joalo Ka mor'a ho fetoloa holimo, likhoele tsena ha li na feela dispersibility tse ntle, empa hape li na le lintho tse fokolang, tse ka ntlafatsang ka katleho ho hanyetsa polasetiki le ho senya ts'ebetso ea seretse. Thepa ea mochini ha e amehe haholo. Bophara ba fiber ea lehong bo nyane, 'me ho eketsoa ha fiber ea lehong ho lokela ho ela hloko keketseho ea tlhokahalo ea metsi bakeng sa seretse.
Nako ea poso: Mar-04-2023