Ho hlahisa carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) ho kenyelletsa mehato e mengata le karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale. CMC ke polima e qhibilihang ka metsing e nkiloeng ho selulose, polima ea tlhaho e fumanehang maboteng a lisele tsa limela. E sebelisoa haholo liindastering tse fapaneng tse kang lijo, meriana, litlolo le masela ka lebaka la ho teteana ha eona, ho tsitsisa le ho tlama. Mona ke tataiso e qaqileng ea mokhoa oa ho hlahisa carboxymethylcellulose:
Kenyelletso ea Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC):
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) e tsoa ho cellulose, polysaccharide ea tlhaho e fumanehang maboteng a lisele tsa semela. Tlhahiso ea CMC e kenyelletsa ho fetola selulose ka karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale ho hlahisa lihlopha tsa carboxymethyl mokokotlong oa cellulose. Phetoho ena e fana ka ho qhibiliha ha metsi le lintho tse ling tse lakatsehang ho polymer.
Lisebelisoa tse so fetoloe:
Cellulose: Thepa ea mantlha ea tlhahiso ea CMC ke selulose. Cellulose e ka fumanoa mehloling e fapaneng ea tlhaho joalo ka makhasi a patsi, lithara tsa k'hothone, kapa masalla a temo.
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH): E tsejoang hape e le caustic soda, sodium hydroxide e sebelisoa methating ea pele ea tlhahiso ea CMC bakeng sa kalafo ea cellulose alkali.
Chloroacetic Acid (ClCH2COOH): Chloroacetic acid ke eona reagent e ka sehloohong e sebelisetsoang ho hlahisa lihlopha tsa carboxymethyl mokokotlong oa cellulose.
Etherification Catalyst: Li-Catalysts tse kang sodium hydroxide kapa sodium carbonate li sebelisoa ho thusa karabelo ea etherification lipakeng tsa cellulose le chloroacetic acid.
Li-solvents: Li-solvents tse kang isopropanol kapa ethanol li ka sebelisoa ho qhaqha li-reactants le ho thusa ts'ebetsong ea ho arabela.
Mokhoa oa Tlhahiso:
Ho hlahisa carboxymethylcellulose ho kenyelletsa mehato e mengata ea bohlokoa:
1. Kalafo ea Alkali ea Cellulose:
Cellulose e phekoloa ka alkali e matla, hangata sodium hydroxide (NaOH), ho eketsa ts'ebetso ea eona ka ho fetola tse ling tsa lihlopha tsa eona tsa hydroxyl ho alkali cellulose. Kalafo ena hangata e etsoa ka sekepeng sa reactor ka mocheso o phahameng. Alkali cellulose e entsoeng e ntan'o hlatsuoa 'me e fokotsehile ho tlosa alkali e feteletseng.
2. Etherification:
Kamora kalafo ea alkali, selulose e ts'oaroa ka chloroacetic acid (ClCH2COOH) ka boteng ba etherification catalyst. Karabelo ena e hlahisa lihlopha tsa carboxymethyl mokokotlong oa cellulose, e leng se hlahisang sebopeho sa carboxymethylcellulose. Karabelo ea etherification hangata e etsahala tlasa maemo a laoloang a mocheso, khatello, le pH ho fihlela tekanyo e lakatsehang ea ho fetola (DS) le boima ba limolek'hule tsa CMC.
3. Ho Hlatsoa le Tlhoekiso:
Kamora karabelo ea etherification, sehlahisoa sa CMC se hlatsuoa se hlatsuoa hantle ho tlosa li-reagents tse sa sebetsanoang, lihlahisoa le litšila. Ho hlatsoa hangata ho etsoa ho sebelisoa metsi kapa li-solvents tse lateloang ke filtration kapa centrifugation. Mehato ea tlhoekiso e kanna ea kenyelletsa kalafo ka li-acids kapa li-bases ho lokisa pH le ho tlosa li-catalyst tse setseng.
4. Ho omisa:
Joale CMC e hloekisitsoeng e omisitsoe ho tlosa mongobo le ho fumana sehlahisoa sa ho qetela ka phofo kapa foromo ea granular. Ho omisa hangata ho etsoa ho sebelisoa mekhoa e kang ho omisa ka ho fafatsa, ho omisa ka mochini, kapa ho omisa moea tlas'a maemo a laoloang ho thibela ho senyeha kapa ho kopana ha polymer.
Taolo ea Boleng:
Mehato ea taolo ea boleng e bohlokoa ho pholletsa le ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea CMC ho netefatsa botsitso, bohloeki le thepa e lakatsehang ea sehlahisoa sa ho qetela. Lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa boleng li kenyelletsa:
Degree of substitution (DS): Palo e tloaelehileng ea lihlopha tsa carboxymethyl ho yuniti ea tsoekere ka har'a ketane ea cellulose.
Kabo ea boima ba limolek'hule: E khethoa ke mekhoa e kang litekanyo tsa viscosity kapa gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
Bohloeki: E hlahlojoa ka mekhoa ea ho hlahloba e kang infrared spectroscopy (IR) kapa high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) ho lemoha litšila.
Viscosity: Thepa ea bohlokoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ngata, e lekantsoeng ka li-viscometer ho netefatsa ts'ebetso le ts'ebetso.
Lisebelisoa tsa Carboxymethylcellulose:
Carboxymethylcellulose e fumana ts'ebeliso e atileng liindastering tse fapaneng, ho kenyelletsa:
Indasteri ea Lijo: E le seteifatsi, se tsitsisa, le emulsifier lihlahisoa tse kang li-sauces, li-dressings, ice cream, le lintho tse besitsoeng.
Meriana ea Meriana: Metsoakong ea meriana e le setlamo se kopanyang, se senyang, le sa viscosity ka har'a matlapa, li-suspension, le metsoako ea lihlooho.
Litlolo: Lihlahisoang tsa tlhokomelo ea motho tse kang litlolo, litlolo, le li-shampoo e le ntho e matlafatsang le ho fetola rheology.
Textile: Litabeng tsa khatiso tsa masela, boholo, le ho phethela mekhoa ea ho ntlafatsa thepa ea masela le ts'ebetso.
Lintlha tsa Tikoloho le Polokeho:
Tlhahiso ea CMC e kenyelletsa ts'ebeliso ea lik'hemik'hale le lits'ebetso tse sebelisang matla haholo, tse ka bang le litlamorao tsa tikoloho joalo ka tlhahiso ea metsi a litšila le tšebeliso ea matla. Boiteko ba ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea tikoloho le ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e bolokehileng ea lik'hemik'hale ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa tlhahisong ea CMC. Ho kenya ts'ebetsong mekhoa e metle ea ho phekola litšila, ho sebetsa hantle ha matla, le bophelo bo botle le polokeho mosebetsing ho ka thusa ho fokotsa mathata ana.
Tlhahiso ea carboxymethylcellulose e kenyelletsa mehato e mengata ho tloha ho tlosoa ha cellulose ho ea ho phekolo ea alkali, etherification, tlhoekiso le ho omisa. Mehato ea taolo ea boleng e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa botsitso le bohloeki ba sehlahisoa sa ho qetela, se fumanang ts'ebeliso e pharaletseng ho pholletsa le liindasteri tse fapaneng. Mehopolo ea tikoloho le polokeho ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa tlhahiso ea CMC, e totobatsang tlhokeho ea mekhoa ea tlhahiso e tsitsitseng le e nang le boikarabelo.
Nako ea poso: Mar-27-2024