Kenyelletso ea K'hothone ea Cellulose:
Cotton, fiber ea tlhaho, e entsoe haholo ka selulose, ketane ea polysaccharide e nang le likarolo tsa tsoekere. Ho ntšoa ha cellulose ho tloha k'hothone ho kenyelletsa ho pshatla likhoele tsa k'hothone le ho tlosa litšila ho fumana sehlahisoa se hloekileng sa cellulose. Selulose ena e ntšitsoeng e na le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng liindastering tse kang masela, pampiri, meriana le lijo.
Mohato oa 1: Kotulo le Phekolo ea Pele ea Cotton:
Kotulo: Likhoele tsa k'hothone li fumanoa libotlolong tsa semela sa k'hothone. Libotlolo li khethoa ha li hola 'me li phatloha, li hlahisa likhoele tse tšoeu tse bosoeu ka hare.
Ho Hloekisa: Ka mor’a ho kotula, k’hothone e kena tšebetsong ea ho hloekisa ho tlosa litšila tse kang litšila, lipeō le likotoana tsa makhasi. Sena se tiisa hore cellulose e nkiloeng e na le bohloeki bo phahameng.
Ho omisa: K'hothone e hloekisitsoeng e ntan'o omisoa ho tlosa mongobo o feteletseng. Ho omisa ho bohlokoa kaha k'hothone e metsi e ka lebisa kholong ea likokoana-hloko, tse ka theolang boleng ba selulose.
Mohato oa 2: Mechanical Processing:
Ho bula le ho Hloekisa: K'hothone e omisitsoeng e etsoa ka mochine ho arola likhoele le ho tlosa litšila tse setseng. Mokhoa ona o kenyelletsa ho bula libale tsa k'hothone le ho li fetisa ka mechine e hloekisang le ho tlosa likhoele.
Carding: Carding ke mokhoa oa ho hokahanya likhoele tsa k'hothone ka tlhophiso e ts'oanang ho theha tepo e tšesaane. Mohato ona o thusa ho fihlela ho ts'oana ho tlhophiso ea fiber, e leng ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e latelang.
Ho taka: Ha ho toroa, likhoele tse nang le likarete lia lelefatsoa 'me li fokotsoa ho ba botenya bo botle. Mohato ona o tiisa hore likhoele li arolelitsoe ka mokhoa o ts'oanang le ho lumellana, ho ntlafatsa matla le boleng ba sehlahisoa sa ho qetela sa cellulose.
Mohato oa 3: Ts'ebetso ea Lik'hemik'hale (Mercerization):
Mercerization: Mercerization ke phekolo ea lik'hemik'hale e sebelisetsoang ho ntlafatsa thepa ea li-cellulose fibers, ho kenyelletsa matla a eketsehileng, ho benya, le kamano ea lidae. Ts'ebetsong ena, likhoele tsa k'hothone li tšoaroa ka tharollo ea sodium hydroxide (NaOH) kapa alkali e 'ngoe ka bongata le mocheso o itseng.
Ho ruruha: Kalafo ea alkali e etsa hore likhoele tsa cellulose li ruruhe, e leng se lebisang ho eketseha ha bophara ba tsona le sebaka se ka holimo. Ho ruruha hona ho pepesa lihlopha tse ngata tsa hydroxyl sebakeng sa cellulose, ho etsa hore e sebetse haholoanyane bakeng sa liphetoho tse latelang tsa lik'hemik'hale.
Rinsing le Neutralization: Ka mor'a mercerization, likhoele li hlatsuoa hantle ho tlosa alkali e feteletseng. Alkaline ha e nke lehlakore ka ho sebelisa tharollo e nang le asiti ho tsitsisa selulose le ho thibela liphetoho tse ling tsa lik'hemik'hale.
Mohato oa 4: Pulping:
Ho qhibiliha Cellulose: Likhoele tsa k'hothone tse entsoeng ka mercerized li kenngoa ka har'a pulping, moo li qhibilihang ka har'a motsoako ho ntša selulose. Lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tse sebelisoang bakeng sa ho qhibiliha ha cellulose li kenyelletsa N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) le li-ionic tse kang 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM][OAc]).
Homogenization: Tharollo ea selulose e qhibilihisitsoeng e etsoa homogenized ho netefatsa ho tšoana le ho tsitsa. Mohato ona o thusa ho fihlela tharollo ea selulose ea homogeneous e loketseng ts'ebetso e tsoelang pele.
Mohato oa 5: Nchafatso:
Pula: Hang ha selulose e qhibilihile, e hloka ho tsosolosoa ho tsoa ho solvent. Sena se finyelloa ka ho kenya tharollo ea selulose ka bateng e sa qhibilihang. The non-solvent e etsa hore selulose e boele e theohe ka mokhoa oa likhoele kapa ntho e kang gel.
Ho Hlatsoa le ho Omisa: Selulose e nchafalitsoeng e hlatsuoa hantle ho tlosa mokelikeli leha e le ofe o setseng le litšila. E ntan'o omisoa ho fumana sehlahisoa sa ho qetela sa cellulose ka mokhoa oa likhoele, li-flakes, kapa phofo, ho itšetlehile ka kopo e reriloeng.
Mohato oa 6: Sebopeho le Taolo ea Boleng:
Tlhahlobo: Selulose e ntšitsoeng e sebelisa mekhoa e fapaneng ea tlhahlobo ho lekola bohloeki ba eona, boima ba limolek'hule, kristale le lintho tse ling. Mekhoa e joalo ka X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), le scanning electron microscopy (SEM) hangata e sebelisoa ho khetholla selulose.
Taolo ea Boleng: Mehato ea taolo ea boleng e kengoa tšebetsong nakong eohle ea ts'ebetso ho netefatsa botsitso le ho latela maemo a boletsoeng. Liparamente tse kang khatello ea solvent, mocheso le nako ea ts'ebetso li hlahlojoa le ho ntlafatsoa ho fihlela boleng bo lakatsehang ba selulose.
Mohato oa 7: Tšebeliso ea Cellulose:
Masela: Cellulose e ntšitsoeng k'hothone e sebelisoa haholo indastering ea masela bakeng sa ho etsa masela, likhoele le liaparo. E nkoa e le ea bohlokoa ka lebaka la ho ba bonolo, ho monya le ho hema.
Pampiri le Sephutheloana: Cellulose ke motsoako oa bohlokoa tlhahisong ea pampiri, khateboto le thepa ea ho paka. E fana ka matla, ho tšoarella, le ho hatisoa ha lihlahisoa tsena.
Meriana: Li-derivatives tsa cellulose tse kang cellulose acetate le hydroxypropyl cellulose li sebelisoa mefuteng ea meriana e le li-binders, disintegrants, le li-agent tse laoloang.
Lijo le Lino: Lintho tse entsoeng ka selulose tse kang methyl cellulose le carboxymethyl cellulose li sebelisoa indastering ea lijo e le lintho tse matlafatsang, tse matlafatsang le tse etsang liemulsifier lijong le linong tse fapa-fapaneng.
Ho ntša selulose ho tloha k'hothone ho kenyelletsa letoto la mehato e kenyeletsang kotulo, phekolo ea pele, ts'ebetso ea mechine, ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale, pulping, regeneration, le sebopeho. Mohato o mong le o mong o bohlokoa bakeng sa ho arola cellulose e hloekileng ka thepa e lakatsehang. Selulose e ntšitsoeng e na le lits'ebetso tse fapaneng ho pholletsa le liindasteri tse kang masela, pampiri, meriana le lijo, e leng se etsang hore e be polima ea tlhaho ea bohlokoa le e fapaneng. Mekhoa e metle ea ho ntša le mekhoa ea ho laola boleng e netefatsa tlhahiso ea selulose ea boleng bo phahameng e loketseng likopo tse sa tšoaneng.
Nako ea poso: May-06-2024