Cellulose ether e entsoe ka selulose ka karabelo ea etherification le phofo e omisang ea ntho e le 'ngoe kapa tse' maloa tsa etherifying. Ho ea ka sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale tse fapaneng tsa ether substituent, cellulose ether e ka aroloa ka anionic, cationic le non-ionic ether. Ionic cellulose ether haholo-holo carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC); Non-ionic cellulose ether haholo-holo methyl cellulose ether (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC) le hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (HC). Ether e se nang ionic e arotsoe ka ether e qhibilihang ka metsing le ether e qhibilihang ka oli, ether e se nang ionic e qhibilihang ka metsing e sebelisoa haholo lihlahisoa tsa seretse. Ka pel'a li-ion tsa calcium, ionic cellulose ether ha e tsitsa, kahoo ha e sebelisoe hangata lihlahisoa tse omeletseng tse tsoakiloeng tsa seretse se nang le samente, lime e nang le hydrated le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa samente. Ether e se nang ionic e qhibilihang ka metsing e sebelisoa haholo indastering ea thepa ea mohaho ka lebaka la botsitso ba ho emisa le ho boloka metsi.
Lintho tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa cellulose ether
Ether e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea cellulose e na le sebopeho sa motheo sa selulose - sebopeho sa tsoekere e senyehileng. Nakong ea ho hlahisa ether ea cellulose, fiber ea cellulose e futhumatsoa ka tharollo ea alkaline pele, ebe e phekoloa ka etherifying agent. Sehlahisoa sa karabelo ea fibrous se hloekisoa ebe se siloa ho etsa phofo e ts'oanang e nang le botle bo itseng.
Ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso ea MC, ke methane chloride feela e sebelisoang e le moemeli oa etherifying. HPMC tlhahiso ho phaella ho tshebediso ya methane chloride, hape sebelisa propylene oxide ho fumana hydroxypropyl substituent sehlopha. Li-ether tse fapaneng tsa cellulose li na le litekanyetso tse fapaneng tsa methyl le hydroxypropyl, tse amang ho qhibiliha ha cellulose ethers le thepa ea mocheso oa gel e chesang.
Maemo a ts'ebeliso ea cellulose ether
Cellulose ether ke polymer e seng ea ionic semi-synthetic, e qhibilihang ka metsing le e qhibilihang ka bobeli, indastering e fapaneng e bakoang ke karolo e fapaneng, joalo ka lisebelisoa tsa kaho tsa lik'hemik'hale, e na le phello e latelang e kopaneng:
① mochini o bolokang metsi ② motenya ③ ho leka-lekanya ④ ho etsa filimi ⑤ binder
Ka indasteri ea PVC, ke emulsifier, dispersant; Lefapheng la meriana, ke mofuta oa li-binder le tse liehang ho lokolloa ha masapo, hobane cellulose e na le litlamorao tse fapaneng, ka hona ke tšimo e sebelisoang haholo. Lintlha tse latelang li lebisa tlhokomelo ho sebelisoa ha cellulose ether ka mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea thepa ea mohaho le karolo.
(1) Ho hula putty leboteng:
Hona joale, Chaena e ka har'a metse e mengata ea ho hanyetsa metsi, ho hanyetsa swab ea putty ea tšireletso ea tikoloho ho nkoa ka botebo ke batho, lilemong tse 'maloa tse fetileng, hobane putty e entsoeng ka sekhomaretsi se hlahisa tšenyo ea khase ea formaldehyde bophelong ba batho. Sekhomaretsi se entsoe ka joala ba polyvinyl le formaldehyde acetal reaction. Kahoo thepa ena butle-butle e felisoa ke batho, 'me ho nkeloa sebaka ha thepa ena ke cellulose ether letoto la lihlahisoa, ke ho re, ntshetsopele ea thepa ea ho haha ea tšireletso ea tikoloho, selulose ke mofuta o le mong feela oa thepa hona joale.
Ka har'a putty e thibelang metsi e arotsoe ka mefuta e 'meli ea phofo e omileng le putty peste, mefuta e' meli ea putty hangata e khetha mefuta e 'meli ea methyl cellulose le hydroxypropyl methyl mefuta e' meli, litlhaloso tsa viscosity hangata li 3000-60000cps lipakeng tsa tse nepahetseng ka ho fetisisa, karolong e kholo ea cellulose ka putty ke ho boloka metsi, tlamahano, lubrication le litlamorao tse ling. Hobane sebopeho sa putty sa moetsi e mong le e mong ha se tšoane, tse ling ke khalsiamo e bohlooho, k'halsiamo e bobebe, samente e tšoeu, tse ling ke phofo ea gypsum, calcium e bohlooho, khalsiamo e khanyang, joalo-joalo. ha li tšoane, kakaretso ea ho eketsa ke 2 ‰ -3 ‰ kapa joalo. Lerakong le hlabang le tenehe ke kaho ea bana, motheo oa lerako o na le monyetla o itseng (lebota la litene la sekhahla sa lebelo le leholo e ne e le 13%, konkreite ke 3-5%), hammoho le mouoane oa lefatše le kantle, kahoo haeba o jeoa ke bolutu ke ngoana. tahlehelo ea metsi ka potlako haholo, e ne e tla lebisa ho petsoha kapa ketsahalo e kang peo e phofo, e le hore matla a putty a fokotsehe, ka hona, ka mor'a ho ikopanya le cellulose ether e tla rarolla bothata bona. Empa boleng ba thepa ea ho tlatsa, haholo-holo boleng ba khalsiamo e bohlooho le bona bo bohlokoa haholo.
Ka lebaka la viscosity e phahameng ea selulose, e boetse e matlafatsa boea ba putty, 'me e qoba ts'ebetso ea phallo e leketlileng mohahong,' me e phutholohile ebile e pholosa mosebetsi ka mor'a ho senya. Ka putty ea phofo, cellulose ether e lokela ho eketsoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng, tlhahiso le tšebeliso ea eona e bonolo haholoanyane, lisebelisoa tsa ho tlatsa le phofo e thusang e ka kopanngoa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, kaho e boetse e le bonolo haholoanyane, kabo ea metsi ea setša, ka bokae ka bokae.
(2) Seretse sa konkreite:
Ka seretse sa konkreite, e hlile e finyella matla a ho qetela, e tlameha ho etsa hore samente e be matla a ho itšoara ka ho feletseng, haholo-holo nakong ea lehlabula, ha ho hahoa tahlehelo ea metsi a konkreite ea seretse ka ho feletseng, mehato e nang le hydrated ka ho feletseng ka ho phekola metsi, mokhoa ona ke tšenyo ea mohloli oa metsi. ts'ebetso e sa thabiseng, senotlolo se holim'a metsi, metsi le hydration e ntse e se ka ho feletseng, kahoo litsela tsa ho rarolla bothata bona, Eketsa selulose e bolokang metsi ka konkreite ea seretse ka kakaretso khetha hydroxypropyl methyl kapa methyl cellulose, litlhaloso tsa viscosity pakeng tsa 20000- 60000cps, eketsa 2% - 3%. Hoo e ka bang, sekhahla sa ho boloka metsi se ka eketsoa ho feta 85%, ka mokhoa oa tšebeliso ea konkreite ea seretse bakeng sa phofo e omileng e kopantsoeng ka mor'a hore metsi a be teng.
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Ka nts'etsopele e potlakileng ea indasteri ea kaho, tlhoko ea batho ea thepa e ncha ea moaho e ntse e eketseha, ka lebaka la keketseho ea tlhokomeliso ea batho mabapi le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho le ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea katleho ea kaho, lihlahisoa tsa gypsum tsa cementitious e bile tsoelo-pele e potlakileng. Hajoale thepa e tloaelehileng ka ho fetesisa ea gesso e na le stucco gesso, caking gesso, set gesso, mochini oa ho etsa lithaele ho ema. Plastering samente ke mofuta oa boleng bo botle ka hare lerako le marulelo plastering thepa, ka eona hlakola lerako tiea le boreleli, u se ke ua theola phofo le motheo bond ka tieo, ha ho cracking tima ketsahalo, 'me o na le mosebetsi oa ho thibela mollo; Adhesive Gypsum ke mofuta o mocha oa sekhomaretsi sa boto e khanyang, gypsum e le thepa ea motheo, e eketsang mefuta e fapaneng ea li-additives le tse entsoeng ka thepa e khomarelang, e loketse mefuta eohle ea lisebelisoa tsa marako tse sa tloaelehang pakeng tsa bond, tse se nang chefo, tse sa latsoeheng. , ho beha ka potlako, bonding ke boto ea mohaho, lisebelisoa tse tšehetsang mohaho oa li-block; Setsi sa ho tlatsa seam sa Gypsum ke poleiti ea gypsum lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa tse tlatsang lekhalo le lebota, ho tlatsa ho lokisa mapetso.
Lihlahisoa tsena tsa gypsum li na le mefuta e mengata ea mesebetsi e fapaneng, ho phaella ho gypsum le li-fillers tse amanang le tsona ho bapala karolo, taba ea bohlokoa ke hore li-additives tsa cellulose ether li bapala karolo e ka sehloohong. Hobane gesso e arotsoe ba le ntle le metsi gesso le lisente tse halofo ea metsi gesso, fapaneng gesso e fapane le phello tshebetso ya sehlahiswa, eketsa e tenya, sireletsa metsi, butle coagulate boleng hore etsa qeto ea thepa ea mohaho gesso. Bothata bo tloaelehileng ba lisebelisoa tsena ke ho phatloha ha moqomo o se nang letho, matla a pele ha a fihle ho, ho rarolla bothata bona, ke ho khetha mofuta oa selulose le bothata ba tšebeliso ea motsoako oa retarder, ntlheng ena, khetho e akaretsang ea methyl kapa hydroxypropyl methyl. 30000-60000cps, chelete e eketsang ke 1.5% - 2%. Pakeng tsa, tsepamiso ea selulose ke ho boloka metsi le butle-butle condensation lubrication. Leha ho le joalo, ka sena ho itšetleha ka selulose ether e le retarder e sa ho fihlela, e boetse e lokela ho eketsa citric acid retarder ka mor'a ho sebelisa e tsoakiloeng ke ke ama matla a pele.
Sekhahla sa ho boloka metsi ka kakaretso se bolela palo ea tahlehelo ea metsi a tlhaho ha ho monya metsi ka ntle. Haeba lerako le omme, bokaholimo ba motheo bo monya metsi 'me mouoane oa tlhaho o etsa hore thepa e lahleheloe ke metsi ka potlako, hape ho tla ba le moropa o se nang letho le ketsahalo e phunyehang. Mokhoa ona oa tšebeliso ke ho kopanya phofo e omileng, haeba ho lokisoa ha tharollo ho ka bolela mokhoa oa ho lokisa tharollo.
(4) Seretse sa insulation
Seretse sa ho kenya mocheso ke mofuta o mocha oa thepa ea ka hare ea lebota la mocheso karolong e ka leboea ea China. Ke thepa ea lerako e entsoeng ka thepa ea ho kenya mocheso, seretse le binder. Tabeng ena, cellulose e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho tlamahaneng le ho eketsa matla.
(5) moemeli oa sebopeho
Sesebelisoa sa segokanyimmediamentsi sa HPMC20000cps, se tlamang lithaele se feta 60000cps, mme sehokelo sa sebopeho se sebelisoa haholo joalo ka motenya, se ka ntlafatsang matla a thata le matla a motsu. Setsing sa ho boloka metsi ho lithaele ho thibela tile hore e se ke ea lahleheloa ke metsi ka potlako haholo.
Boemo ba ketane ea indasteri
(1) Indasteri e holimo
Lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong tsa tlhahiso ea cellulose ether li kenyelletsa k'hothone e hloekisitsoeng (kapa makhasi a lehong) le lihlahisoa tse ling tse tloaelehileng tsa lik'hemik'hale, tse kang propylene oxide, chloromethane, alkali ea metsi, letlapa la alkali, ethylene oxide, toluene le lisebelisoa tse ling tse thusang. Likhoebo tse holimo tsa indasteri ena li kenyelletsa k'hothone e hloekisitsoeng, likhoebo tsa tlhahiso ea makhasi a lehong le likhoebo tse ling tsa lik'hemik'hale. Ho fetoha ha theko ea lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong tse tala tse boletsoeng ka holimo ho tla ba le liphello tse fapaneng ho theko ea tlhahiso le theko ea thekiso ea cellulose ether.
Litšenyehelo tsa k'hothone e hloekisitsoeng li batla li phahame. Ho nka mohlala oa thepa ea moaho ea mofuta oa cellulose ether e le mohlala, nakong ea tlaleho, karolo ea litšenyehelo tse hloekisitsoeng tsa k'hothone ka thepa ea moaho ea theko ea thekiso ea cellulose ether e ne e le 31.74%, 28.50%, 26.59% le 26.90% ka ho latellana. Ho fetoha ha theko ea k'hothone e hloekisitsoeng ho tla ama litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso ea cellulose ether. Ntho e ka sehloohong e tala ea ho hlahisa k'hothone e hloekisitsoeng ke lijo tse tloaelehileng tsa k'hothone. Lijo tse tloaelehileng tsa k'hothone ke e 'ngoe ea lihlahisoa tse hlahisoang ke k'hothone, tse sebelisoang haholo ho hlahisa makhasi a k'hothone, k'hothone e hloekisitsoeng, nitrocellulost le lihlahisoa tse ling. Boleng ba tšebeliso le tšebeliso ea lijo tse tloaelehileng tsa k'hothone li fapane le tsa k'hothone, 'me theko ea eona e totobetse ho feta ea k'hothone, empa e na le kamano e itseng le ho fetoha ha theko ea k'hothone. Ho fetoha ha theko ea k'hothone e tloaelehileng ho tla ama theko ea k'hothone e hloekisitsoeng.
Ho feto-fetoha ho matla ha theko ea k'hothone e hloekisitsoeng ho tla ama litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso, litheko tsa lihlahisoa le phaello ea likhoebo indastering ena ho ea ka maemo a fapaneng. Tabeng ea theko e phahameng e hloekisitsoeng ea k'hothone le theko ea makhasi a lehong e batla e le theko e tlaase, e le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo, makhasi a lehong a ka sebelisoa e le sebaka sa k'hothone e hloekisitsoeng le tlatsetso, haholo-holo e sebelisetsoang tlhahiso ea lijo tsa bongaka tsa cellulose ether le tse ling tse tlaase tsa viscosity. cellulose ether. Ka 2013, China e ile ea lema lihekthere tse limilione tse 4.35 tsa k'hothone 'me ea hlahisa lithane tse limilione tse 6.31 tsa k'hothone, ho latela sebaka sa marang-rang sa Ofisi ea Naha ea Lipalopalo. Ho ea ka lipalo-palo tsa Mokhatlo oa China Cellulose Industry Association, ka 2014, kakaretso ea k'hothone e hloekisitsoeng ea likhoebo tse kholo tsa tlhahiso ea k'hothone e hloekisitsoeng malapeng e ne e le lithane tse 332,000, tse nang le lisebelisoa tse ngata tse tala.
Lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong tsa tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa graphite ke tšepe le graphite carbon. Theko ea tšepe le graphite carbon e ikarabella bakeng sa karolo e phahameng ea litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa graphite. Ho feto-fetoha ha theko ea lisebelisoa tsena tse tala ho tla ba le phello e itseng litšenyehelong tsa tlhahiso le theko ea thekiso ea lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa graphite.
(2) boemo ba indasteri ea cellulose ether downstream
Cellulose ether e le "industrial MONOsodium glutamate", cellulose ether e eketsang karolo e tlaase, mefuta e mengata ea likopo, liindasteri tse tlaase tse hasaneng likarolong tsohle tsa bophelo moruong oa naha.
Tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng, indasteri ea kaho e tlase le indasteri ea thekiso ea matlo le meaho e tla ba le tšusumetso e itseng kholong ea tlhokahalo ea thepa ea moaho ea sehlopha sa cellulose ether. Ha indasteri ea kaho ea lehae le sekhahla sa kholo ea indasteri ea thekiso ea matlo se potlakile, 'maraka oa lehae oa thepa ea moaho oa boemo ba selulose ether o potlakile. Ha sekhahla sa kholo ea indasteri ea kaho ea lehae le indasteri ea thekiso ea matlo e fokotseha, sekhahla sa kholo ea tlhokeho ea thepa ea moaho sehlopheng sa cellulose ether 'marakeng oa lehae se tla fokotseha, ho etsa hore tlholisano ea indasteri e be matla le ho feta, le ho potlakisa ho pholoha. ea mekhoa e metle ka ho fetisisa ea likhoebo indastering.
Ho tloha ka 2012, tlas'a tikoloho ea ho fokotseha ha khōlo ea indasteri ea kaho ea malapeng le indasteri ea thekiso ea matlo, tlhokahalo ea lisebelisoa tsa mohaho oa cellulose ether 'marakeng oa lehae ha e so fetohe haholo. Mabaka a ka sehloohong ke a latelang: 1. Tekanyo e akaretsang ea indasteri ea kaho ea lehae le indasteri ea thekiso ea matlo e kholo, 'me tlhoko ea 'maraka kaofela e kholo; Mmaraka o ka sehloohong oa bareki oa thepa ea moaho oa cellulose ether o tsoang libakeng tse tsoetseng pele moruong le litoropong tsa boemo ba pele le ba bobeli, butle-butle o hola ho ea bohareng ba Midwest le metseng ea boraro, kholo ea tlhokahalo ea lehae le katoloso ea sebaka; Tse peli, palo ea cellulose ether e kenyellelitsoeng litšenyehelong tsa thepa ea mohaho ke karolo e tlaase, palo ea moreki a le mong e nyenyane, bareki ba hasaneng, ho bonolo ho hlahisa tlhokahalo e thata, tlhokahalo eohle ea maraka a tlaase a batla a tsitsitse; Tse tharo, thepa ea ho haha maraka phetoho ea theko e ama selulose ether tlhokeho sebopeho sebopeho, lintlha tsa bohlokoa tseo selulose ether boemo ba ho tloha 2012, thepa ea ho haha theko e theoha e kholoanyane, lihlahisoa tse phahameng ka ho theoha ha theko li kholoanyane, li hohela bareki ba bangata ba rekang khetho, e ile ea eketseha tlhokahalo ea lihlahisoa tse phahameng ka ho, le ho pepeta mofuta o tloaelehileng oa tlhokahalo ea 'maraka oa lihlahisoa le sebaka sa theko.
Nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea meriana le sekhahla sa kholo ea indasteri ea meriana e tla ama phetoho ea tlhokahalo ea sehlopha sa meriana ea cellulose ether. Ntlafatso ea maemo a bophelo a batho le indasteri e tsoetseng pele ea lijo li thusa ho tsamaisa tlhokahalo ea 'maraka ea mofuta oa lijo oa cellulose ether.
Mokhoa oa nts'etsopele ea cellulose ether
Ka lebaka la boteng ba tlhokahalo ea 'maraka oa cellulose ether bakeng sa liphapang tsa sebopeho, ho thehoa ha matla a likhoebo tse fapaneng ho phela hammoho. Ka lebaka la litšobotsi tse totobetseng tsa phapang ea meralo ea tlhokahalo ea 'maraka, bahlahisi ba malapeng ba cellulose ether ba kopantsoe le matla a bona ho nka leano le fapaneng la tlhōlisano, hape le ho utloisisa hantle mokhoa oa tsoelo-pele le tataiso ea' maraka.
(1) ho netefatsa botsitso ba boleng ba sehlahisoa, e ntse e tla ba lintlha tsa mantlha tsa tlholisano ea likhoebo tsa cellulose ether.
Cellulose ether indastering boholo ba likhoebo tse tlase ka theko ea tlhahiso li batla li le nyane, empa boleng ba sehlahisoa bo feta. Lihlopha tsa bareki ba mahareng le ba maemo a holimo ts'ebelisong ea mofuta oa cellulose ether pele, ho feta tekong ea foromo. Ka mor'a ho etsa mokhoa o tsitsitseng, hangata ha ho bonolo ho nkela lihlahisoa tse ling sebaka sa lihlahisoa, empa hape ho beha litlhoko tse phahameng bakeng sa botsitso ba boleng ba cellulose ether. Ketsahalo ena e hlahella haholo likhoebong tse kholo tsa kaho tsa malapeng le tsa kantle ho naha, lisebelisoa tsa meriana, li-additives tsa lijo, PVC le masimo a mang a maemo a holimo. E le ho ntlafatsa tlhōlisano ea lihlahisoa, bahlahisi ba tlameha ho etsa bonnete ba hore phepelo ea lihlopha tse fapaneng tsa cellulose ether e ka boloka botsitso ba boleng, e le ho theha botumo bo botle ba 'maraka.
(2) Ho ntlafatsa boemo ba tekheniki ea kopo ea sehlahisoa ke tataiso ea nts'etsopele ea likhoebo tsa malapeng cellulose ether
Tabeng ea thekenoloji ea tlhahiso ea cellulose ether e ntseng e hōla ka ho eketsehileng, boemo bo phahameng ba theknoloji ea kopo bo loketse likhoebo ho matlafatsa tlhōlisano e feletseng, ho theha likamano tse tsitsitseng tsa bareki. Likhoebo tse tsebahalang tsa cellulose ether linaheng tse tsoetseng pele haholo-holo li nka leano la tlholisano la "ho tobana le bareki ba phahameng ba maemo a holimo + nts'etsopele ea tšebeliso le ts'ebeliso e tlase", ho nts'etsapele tšebeliso ea cellulose ether le ho sebelisa foromo, le ho lokisa letoto la lihlahisoa ho latela karohano e fapaneng. masimo a kopo ho nolofatsa ts'ebeliso ea bareki, le ho holisa tlhoko ea mebaraka e tlase. Tlhōlisano ea lik'hamphani tsa cellulose ether linaheng tse tsoetseng pele li kene tšimong ea theknoloji ea kopo ho tloha sehlahisoa.
Kakaretso: Cellulose ether, e tsejoang e le "industrial MONOsodium glutamate", e na le melemo ea tšebeliso e pharaletseng, tekanyo e nyenyane ea litekanyetso, phello e ntle ea phetoho, botsoalle ho tikoloho joalo-joalo. E sebelisoa haholo ho thepa ea kaho, meriana, lijo, masela, lik'hemik'hale tsa letsatsi le letsatsi, tšebeliso ea peterole, merafo, ho etsa pampiri, karabelo ea polymerization le sefofane le masimo a mang a mangata.
Nako ea poso: Mar-31-2022