Likahare tsa molora tsa hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose HPMC

Ho ea ka lipalo-palo tse sa phethahalang, tlhahiso ea hona joale ea ether e seng ea ionic cellulose e fihlile ho feta lithane tse 500,000 lefatšeng ka bophara, 'me.hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose HPMClitlaleho bakeng sa 80% ea lithane tse 400,000, Chaena lilemong tse peli tsa morao tjena, lik'hamphani tse 'maloa li atolositse bokgoni ba tlhahiso ka potlako atolosoa ho bokgoni ba hona joale ba ka bang 180 000 lithane tse ka bang 60 000 lithane tse tshebediso ya lapeng, Ea sena, ho feta 550 limilione tse. lithane li sebelisoa indastering 'me hoo e ka bang 70% e sebelisoa e le lisebelisoa tsa ho haha.

Ka lebaka la ts'ebeliso e fapaneng ea lihlahisoa, litlhoko tsa index ea molora tsa lihlahisoa li ka fapana, e le hore ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso, mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa tlhahiso ho latela litlhoko tsa mefuta e fapaneng o thusa ho boloka matla, ho fokotsa ts'ebeliso le ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea matla. phokotso ea tlhahiso.

1. Likahare tsa molora tsa hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose HPMC le mofuta oa eona o teng

Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) litekanyetso tsa boleng ba indasteri tse bitsoang molora le pharmacopoeia tse bitsoang sulfate, e leng masala a tukang, li ka utloisisoa habonolo e le litšila tse sa sebetseng tsa letsoai sehlahisoa. Haholo-holo ka ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea alkali e matla (sodium hydroxide) ka karabelo ho phetoho ea ho qetela ea pH ho letsoai le sa nke lehlakore le lisebelisoa tse tala tsa tlhaho tsa tlhaho tsa letsoai.

Mokhoa oa ho khetholla molora o felletseng; Palo e itseng ea lisampole e chesoa ka sebōpi se phahameng sa mocheso ka mor'a carbonization, e le hore lisebelisoa tsa manyolo li be le oxidized le ho senyeha, li phonyoha ka mokhoa oa carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides le metsi, ha lisebelisoa tsa inorganic li ntse li le ka mokhoa oa sulfate, phosphate, carbonate. , chloride le matsoai a mang a inorganic le metal oxides, masalla ana ke molora. Kakaretso ea molora oa sampuli e ka baloa ka ho lekanya masala.

Ho ea ka ts'ebetso ea ts'ebeliso ea asiti e fapaneng 'me e tla hlahisa letsoai le fapaneng: haholo-holo sodium chloride (ka karabelo ea chloride ion ka chloromethane le sodium hydroxide) le tse ling tsa acid e neutralization li ka hlahisa acetate ea sodium, sodium sulfide kapa sodium oxalate.

2. Tlhokahalo ea litaba tsa molora oa hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose HPMC

Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose HPMC haholo-holo e sebelisoa bakeng sa thickening, emulsifying, ho etsa filimi, tšireletso ea colloid, ho boloka metsi, ho khomarela, ho hanyetsa ha enzyme le inertia ea metabolic, joalo-joalo E sebelisoa haholo likarolong tse ngata tsa indasteri, e ka aroloa ka mokhoa o batlang o aroloa ka likarolo tse latelang. :

(1) Kaho: karolo e ka sehloohong ke ho boloka metsi, thickening, viscosity, lubrication, phallo ho ntlafatsa samente le gypsum workability, pumping. Liaparo tsa meralo, liphahlo tsa latex li sebelisoa haholo-holo e le colloid e sireletsang, ho etsa filimi, moemeli o teteaneng le thuso ea ho emisa pigment.

(2) POLYvinyl chloride: haholo-holo e sebelisoa e le dispersant ka karabelo ea polymerization ea ho emisa polymerization system.

(3) lik'hemik'hale tsa letsatsi le letsatsi: haholo-holo tse sebelisoang e le lihlooho tse sireletsang, li ka ntlafatsa sehlahisoa sa emulsification, anti-enzyme, ho qhalakanngoa, ho kopanya, ho sebetsa ka holim'a metsi, ho etsa filimi, ho kolobisa, ho phophoma, ho etsa, ho lokolla moemeli, ho nolofatsa, lubricant le lisebelisoa tse ling;

(4) indasteri ea meriana: indastering ea meriana e sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa tlhahiso ea tlhahiso, e le tokisetso e tiileng ea moemeli oa ho roala, lisebelisoa tsa capsule capsule, binder, bakeng sa moralo oa li-agent tse tsitsitseng, ho etsa filimi, moemeli oa pore-causing, mokelikeli, boitokisetso bo tiileng ba ho tenya, ho emulsification, ho emisoa, ts'ebeliso ea matrix;

(5) lirafshoa: tse sebelisoang e le ntho e kopanyang ea liindasteri tse se nang letho, tse qhalaneng ka 'mala o benyang;

(6) pampiri: ho qhalakanngoa, ho kenya mebala, ntho e matlafatsang;

(7) Khatiso ea masela le ho daea: makhasi a masela, 'mala, sesebelisoa sa katoloso ea mebala:

(8) tlhahiso ea temo: e sebelisoang temong ho phekola peo ea lijalo, e ka ntlafatsa sekhahla sa ho mela, e ka nosetsa le ho thibela hlobo, ho boloka litholoana, ho lokolloa ha menontsha ea lik'hemik'hale le chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana.

Ho tsoa maikutlong a phihlelo e ka holimo ea nako e telele ea kopo le kakaretso ea litekanyetso tsa taolo ea ka hare ea likhoebo tse ling tsa linaheng tse ling le tsa malapeng, ho ka bonoa hore ke lihlahisoa tse ling feela tsa PVC polymerization le lihlahisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tse hlokang taolo ea letsoai <0.010, le pharmacopoeia ea linaha tse fapaneng li hloka taolo ea letsoai <0.015. 'Me lisebelisoa tse ling tsa taolo ea letsoai li ka ba tse pharaletseng haholoanyane, haholo-holo lihlahisoa tsa kaho ho phaella ho tlhahiso ea putty, letsoai la ho roala le na le litlhoko tse itseng ka ntle ho tse ling tse ka laolang letsoai <0.05 e ka finyella tšebeliso.

3. Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose HPMC ts'ebetso le mokhoa oa tlhahiso

Ho na le mekhoa e meraro ea mantlha ea tlhahiso ea hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose HPMC lapeng le kantle ho naha:

(1) Mokhoa oa mohato oa mokelikeli (mokhoa oa slurry): phofo ea pulverized cellulose e qhalakantsoeng ka nako e ka bang 10 ea motsoako oa tlhaho ka li-reactors tse otlolohileng le tse rapameng tse nang le pherekano e matla, ebe joale tharollo ea bongata ba alkali le moemeli oa etherifying li kenngoa bakeng sa ho itšoara. Ka mor'a karabelo, sehlahisoa se phethiloeng se hlatsuoa, se omisitsoe, se sithabelitsoe 'me se siloe ka metsi a chesang.

(2) Mokhoa oa khase ea khase (mokhoa o tiileng oa khase): karabelo ea phofshoana ea selulose e pholileng e phethiloe hoo e batlang e le maemong a omileng ka ho eketsa ka ho toba li-lye le sehlahisoa sa etherifying le ho khutlisa lihlahisoa tse nyane tse belang hanyane. sesupo se tshekaletseng se nang le pherekano e matla. Ha ho hlokahale ho eketsa solvent ea organic bakeng sa karabelo. Ka mor'a karabelo, sehlahisoa se phethiloeng se hlatsuoa, se omisitsoe, se sithabelitsoe 'me se siloe ka metsi a chesang.

(3) Mokhoa oa homogeneous (mokhoa oa ho qhibiliha) : E otlolohileng e ka ekeletsoa ka ho toba ka mor'a ho sithabetsoa ha selulose ka mochine o matla o susumetsang o hasaneng ka naoh / urea (kapa li-solvents tse ling tsa cellulose) hoo e ka bang 5 ~ 8 linako tse ling tsa metsi a leqhoa a qhibilihisang ka har'a solvent, joale Ho eketsa quantitative lye le etherifying agent ka karabelo, kamora karabelo ka acetone precipitation reaction good cellulose ether, Ebe ho hlatsoa metsi a chesang, ho omisa, ho sila, ho hlahloba ho fumana sehlahisoa se felileng. (Ha e so hlahise tlhahiso ea indasteri).

Qetello ea karabelo ho sa tsotelehe hore na ke mefuta efe ea mekhoa e boletsoeng ka holimo e nang le letsoai le lengata, ho latela ts'ebetso e fapaneng e ka hlahisoang ke: sodium chloride le sodium acetate, sodium sulfide, sodium oxalate, joalo-joalo, motsoako oa letsoai, o hlokahalang ka desalination. tšebeliso ea letsoai ka har'a ho qhibiliha ha metsi, hangata ka ho hlatsoa metsi a chesang a mangata, hona joale lisebelisoa tsa mantlha le mokhoa oa ho hlatsoa ke:

(1) Sesefo sa seretse sa lebanta; E sebelisoa ho hlatsoa letsoai ka ho tšela lintho tse tala ka har'a slurry ka metsi a chesang ebe o beha seretse ka ho lekana holim'a lebanta la sefe ka ho fafatsa metsi a chesang ho tloha holimo le ho hloekisa ka tlase.

(2) Horizontal centrifuge: Ke qetellong ea karabelo ea lintho tse tala ka har'a metsi a chesang seretse se qhibilihang ho hlapolla letsoai le qhibilihisitsoeng ka metsi a chesang 'me ka mor'a karohano ea centrifugal ea karohano ea metsi le e tiileng ho tlosa letsoai.

(3) e nang le sefahla sa khatello, qetellong ea karabelo ea lintho tse tala ka har'a slurry ka metsi a chesang, e kene ka har'a sefahla sa khatello, pele ka mouoane ho butsoela metsi ka metsi a chesang ka makhetlo a N ebe ka mor'a moo ka mouoane. metsi ho arola le ho tlosa letsoai.

Ho hlatsoa metsi a chesang ho tlosa matsoai a qhibilihisitsoeng, hobane ho hlokahala hore u kopane le metsi a chesang, ho hlatsoa, ​​​​ho feta moo ho fokotseha ha molora, 'me ho fapana le hoo, molora oa eona o amana ka ho toba le bokae ba metsi a chesang, indasteri e akaretsang. sehlahisoa haeba taolo ea molora tlas'a 1% E SEBELISA metsi a chesang lithane tse 10, haeba taolo e ka tlase ho 5% e tla hloka lithane tse ka bang 6 tsa metsi a chesang.

Cellulose ether litšila metsi tlhokahalo ea lik'hemik'hale tsa oksijene (COD) e phahame ho feta 60 000 mg / L, letsoai le boetse le feta 30 000 mg / L, kahoo phekolo ea likhoerekhoere tse joalo e lokela ho ba litšenyehelo tse phahameng haholo, hobane letsoai le phahameng joalo le tobileng. biochemistry e thata, ho latela litlhoko tsa hajoale tsa ts'ireletso ea tikoloho ea naha kalafo ha e lumelloe ho hlapolla, Tharollo ea mantlha ke ho tlosa letsoai ka distillation. Ka hona, tone e le 'ngoe ea ho hlatsoa metsi a belang e tla hlahisa lithane tse ling tsa likhoerekhoere. Ho latela theknoloji ea hajoale ea MUR e nang le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea matla, mouoane le ho tlosoa ha letsoai, litšenyehelo tse felletseng tsa kalafo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea lithane tse 1 tsa metsi a kopaneng a ka ba li-yuan tse 80, 'me litšenyehelo tsa mantlha ke tšebeliso e felletseng ea matla.

4. Tšusumetso ea molora ho boloka metsi a hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose HPMC.

HPMC haholo-holo e bapala likarolo tse tharo tsa ho boloka metsi, ho tenya le kaho e bonolo ea thepa ea moaho.

Ho boloka metsi: eketsa nako ea ho bula ea lisebelisoa tsa ho boloka metsi, 'me u thuse ka botlalo hydration ea eona.

Thickening: selulose e ka teteaneng ho fanyeha, e le hore tharollo e lule e le junifomo holimo le tlase karolo ea ho fanyeha ho thibela phallo.

Kaho: cellulose e na le phello ea lubrication, e ka ba le kaho e ntle. HPMC ha e amehe mabapi le hore na liphetoho tsa lik'hemik'hale li etsahala joang, empa e bapala karolo ea tšehetso feela. Ntho ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke ho boloka metsi, e amang homogeneity ea seretse, ebe e ama thepa ea mochine le ho tšoarella ha seretse se thata. Seretse se arotsoe ka seretse sa masonry le seretse sa plastering ke likarolo tse peli tsa bohlokoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa seretse, ts'ebeliso ea bohlokoa ea seretse sa masonry le seretse sa plastering ke sebopeho sa masonry. E le thibela ka kopo ka tshebetso ya dihlahiswa ka boemo bo omileng, e le ho fokotsa e omileng boloko ea matla a monya metsi a seretse, kaho e amohela boloko pele prewetting, ho thibela mongobo itseng, boloka mongobo ka seretse. ho thibela ho monya ka mokhoa o feteletseng, ho ka boloka lintho tse tloaelehileng tsa hydration tse ka hare tse kang seretse sa samente. Leha ho le joalo, lintlha tse kang mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea li-blocks le tekanyo ea ho koloba pele ho setšeng li tla ama sekhahla sa tahlehelo ea metsi le tahlehelo ea metsi ea seretse, e leng se tla tlisa mathata a patiloeng ho boleng ba kakaretso ba sebopeho sa masonry. Seretse se nang le ho boloka metsi ka mokhoa o babatsehang se ka felisa tšusumetso ea lisebelisoa tsa thibela le lintlha tsa batho le ho netefatsa homogeneity e lekaneng ea seretse.

Tšusumetso ea ho boloka metsi holim'a thepa e thata ea seretse e bonahala haholo-holo tšusumetsong ea sebaka sa interface pakeng tsa seretse le thibela. Ha seretse se nang le metsi a fokolang se lahleheloa ke metsi ka potlako, metsi a seretse sebakeng sa li-interface ha aa lekana, 'me samente e ke ke ea hloekisoa ka ho feletseng, e leng se amang tsoelo-pele e tloaelehileng ea matla. Matla a tlamahano a thepa e thehiloeng ho samente haholo-holo a itšetlehile ka phello e tiileng ea lihlahisoa tsa samente tsa hydration. The hydration e sa lekaneng ea samente sebakeng sa sebopeho se fokotsa matla a tlamahano ea sebopeho, 'me ketsahalo ea seretse sa cavitation le ho phatloha hoa eketseha.

Ka hona, ho khetha e hlokolosi ka ho fetisisa ho tlhokahalo ea ho boloka metsi moaho oa K cha lihlopha tse tharo tsa viscosity e fapaneng, ka litsela tse fapaneng tsa ho hlatsoa ho hlaha palo e tšoanang ea palo e le 'ngoe e lebeletsoeng molora, ebe ho latela mokhoa oa hona joale o tloaelehileng oa ho boloka metsi (sefa pampiri mokhoa). ) ka palo e le 'ngoe e fapaneng ea molora oa ho bolokoa ha metsi ka lihlopha tse tharo tsa lisampole tse khethehileng ka tsela e latelang:

4.1 Mokhoa oa liteko oa ho lekola sekhahla sa ho boloka metsi (Mokhoa oa pampiri ea sefeela)

4.1.1 Lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tsa kopo

Motsoako oa samente, moqomo o lekanyang, ho leka-lekana, stopwatch, setshelo sa tšepe e sa hloekang, khaba, hlobo ea tšepe e sa hloekang (bophara bo ka hare φ 100 mm× bophara ba ka ntle φ 110 mm× bophahamo ba 25 limilimithara, pampiri e sefang ka potlako, pampiri e sefang butle, poleiti ea khalase.

4.1.2 Lisebelisoa le li-reagents

Samente e tlwaelehileng ya Portland (425#), lehlabathe le tlwaelehileng (ka metsi a hlwekileng a se nang lehlabathe la seretse), disampole tsa sehlahiswa (HPMC), metsi a hlwekileng bakeng sa teko (metsi a pompo, metsi a diminerale).

4.1.3 Maemo a tlhahlobo ea liteko

Mocheso oa laboratori: 23 ± 2 ℃; Mongobo o amanang: ≥ 50%; Mocheso oa metsi oa laboratoring ke 23 ℃ joalo ka mocheso oa kamore.

4.1.4 Mokhoa oa teko

Beha poleiti ea khalase sethaleng sa ts'ebetso, beha pampiri e tsamaeang butle (boima: M1) ho eona, ebe u beha pampiri e potlakileng ea filthara pampiring e liehang, ebe u kenya hlobo ea tšepe pampiring e potlakileng ea filthara (ringtone). hlobo e se fete pampiri e chitja e sefang kapele).

Boima bo nepahetseng (425 #) samente 90 g; Lehlabathe le tloaelehileng 210 g; Sehlahisoa (mohlala) 0.125g; Tšela ka sejaneng sa tšepe, kopanya hantle (motsoako o omileng) 'me u behelle ka thōko.

Sebelisa samente peista mixer (ho kopanya pitsa le lehare li hloekile ebile li omme, teko e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ka mor'a ho hloekisa ka ho feletseng, e omme hang, e bolokiloe). Sebelisa cylinder ea ho lekanya ho lekanya 72 ml ea metsi a hloekileng (23 ℃), tšela pele ka pitseng e tsosang, ebe u tšela thepa e lokisitsoeng, 'me u inehele metsotso e 30; Ka nako e ts'oanang, phahamisa pitsa sebakeng sa ho kopanya, qala motsoako, 'me u tsose ka lebelo le tlaase (ho sisinyeha butle) bakeng sa 60 s; Emisa 15 scrape lintho tse slurry leboteng pitsa le lehare ka pitsa; Tsoela pele ho susumetsa ka potlako bakeng sa 120s ho emisa. Tšela seretse sohle se tsoakiloeng ka har'a hlobo ea tšepe e sa hloekang kapele, 'me nako ho tloha ha seretse se kopana le pampiri e sefang ka potlako (tobetsa stopwatch). 2 min hamorao, fetola hlobo ea lesale 'me u ntše pampiri e sa foleng ea filthara ho boima (boima: M2). Etsa liteko tse se nang letho ho latela mokhoa o kaholimo (boima ba pampiri e sefang e sa foleng pele le ka morao ho boima ke M3, M4)

Mokhoa oa ho bala ke o latelang:

Moo, M1 - boima ba pampiri e sa foleng ea sefa pele ho liteko tsa sampole; M2 - Boima ba pampiri ea filthara e sa foleng ka mor'a liteko tsa sampole; M3 - Boima ba pampiri ea sefa e sa foleng pele ho teko e se nang letho; M4 - Boima ba pampiri ea filthara e sa foleng ka mor'a teko e se nang letho.

4.1.5 Litlhokomelo

(1) Mocheso oa metsi a hloekileng e tlameha ho ba 23 ℃, boima bo be bo nepahetseng;

(2) Ka mor'a ho kopanya, tlosa pitsa e tsoakang 'me u hlohlelletse ka ho lekana ka khaba.

(3) hlobo e lokela ho ba kapele, ’me lehlakore la lehlakore la seretse le titiloe hore le tiee;

(4) Etsa bonnete ba hore nako ea seretse ka nako eo u kopanang le pampiri e potlakileng ea filthara, u se ke ua tšela seretse pampiring ea filthara ea kantle.

4.2 mohlala

Tšusumetso ea ho boloka metsi haholo-holo e tsoa ho viscosity, 'me viscosity e phahameng e tla ba mpe ho feta ho boloka metsi a mangata. Ho feto-fetoha ha molora sebakeng sa 1% ~ 5% hoo e ka bang ha ho ame tekanyo ea eona ea ho boloka metsi, kahoo e ke ke ea ama ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebetso ea eona ea ho boloka metsi.

5.Qetello

E le ho etsa hore maemo a sebetse haholoanyane 'me a lumellane le mokhoa o ntseng o eketseha oa ho baballa matla le ho sireletsa tikoloho, ho khothaletsoa hore:

Tekanyetso ea indasteri ea hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose HPMC e arotsoe ka limaraka tsa taolo ea molora, joalo ka: level 1 control ash <0.010, level 2 control ash <0.050. Ka tsela ena, bahlahisi ba ka ikhethela 'me basebelisi ba ka ba le likhetho tse ngata. Ho sa le joalo, litheko li ka beoa ho ipapisitsoe le molao-motheo oa boleng bo holimo le theko ea tlholisano, e le ho thibela ketsahalo ea pherekano ea mahlo a litlhapi le pherekano 'marakeng. Ntho ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke ho boloka matla le ho sireletsa tikoloho, e le hore tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa le tikoloho e be botsoalle le ho lumellana.