A. Selelekela
1.1 Semelo
Samente ke karolo ea motheo ea thepa ea kaho, e fana ka thepa e tlamang e hlokahalang ho etsa konkreite le seretse. Li-ether tsa starch tse tsoang mehloling ea tlhaho ea starch li ntse li hlokomeloa e le li-additives tse fetolang thepa ea thepa e entsoeng ka samente. Ho utloisisa ho lumellana ha starch ethers le mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea samente ho bohlokoa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea bona le ho netefatsa ho tšoarella ha mehaho ea mohaho.
1.2 Maikemisetso
Sepheo sa tlhahlobo ena ke ho:
Hlahloba mefuta le thepa ea starch ethers e sebelisoang haholo indastering ea kaho.
Batlisisa mekhoa ea tšebelisano lipakeng tsa li-starch ethers le mefuta e fapaneng ea samente.
Lekola phello ea li-starch ether ho thepa ea thepa e thehiloeng ho samente.
Liphephetso le litharollo tse ka bang teng tse amanang le ho lumellana ha starch ethers le mefuta e fapaneng ea samente li tšohloa.
B. Mefuta ea Starch Ethers
Li-starch ethers li na le mefuta e fapaneng ea metsoako e tsoang ho starch, polysaccharide e ngata ka tlhaho. Mefuta e tloaelehileng ea starch ethers e kenyelletsa:
2.1 Hydroxyethyl starch ether (HEC)
HEC e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho boloka metsi le thepa ea eona e teteaneng, e etsang hore e be e loketseng bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa ho sebetsa ha metsoako ea samente.
2.2 Hydroxypropyl starch ether (HPC)
HPC e matlafalitse khanyetso ea metsi, e ntlafatsang ho tšoarella le ho khomarela lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng ho samente.
2.3 Carboxymethyl starch ether (CMS)
CMS e fana ka thepa e ntlafalitsoeng ea rheological ho motsoako oa samente, e amang phallo ea eona le litšobotsi tsa ho beha.
C. Mefuta ea samente
Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea samente, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le thepa e khethehileng e loketseng lisebelisoa tse fapaneng. Mefuta e tloaelehileng e kenyelletsa:
3.1 Tloaelehileng Portland Cement (OPC)
OPC ke mofuta o sebelisoang haholo oa samente 'me o tsebahala ka ho feto-fetoha ha oona mesebetsing ea kaho.
3.2 Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC)
PPC e na le lisebelisoa tsa pozzolanic tse eketsang ho tšoarella ha konkreite le ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea tikoloho.
3.3 Sulfate Resistant Cement (SRC)
SRC e etselitsoe ho mamella tikoloho e nang le sulfate e ngata, kahoo e eketsa ho hanyetsa tlhaselo ea lik'hemik'hale.
D. Mokhoa oa ho sebelisana
Khokahano lipakeng tsa li-starch ethers le mefuta e fapaneng ea samente e laoloa ke mekhoa e mengata, ho kenyelletsa:
4.1 Adsorption holim'a likaroloana tsa samente
Li-starch ethers li ajoa holim'a likaroloana tsa samente, li ama tefiso ea tsona e ka holimo le ho fetola thepa ea rheological ea slurry ea samente.
4.2 Phello ho hydration
Li-starch ethers li ka ama ts'ebetso ea hydration ka ho ama ho fumaneha ha metsi, ho fella ka liphetoho nakong ea ho beha nako le nts'etsopele ea matla a lisebelisoa tsa samente.
E. Phello ea thepa e thehiloeng ho samente
Ho kenyelletsa li-ether tsa starch linthong tse thehiloeng ho samente ho ka hlahisa litlamorao tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa:
5.1 Ntlafatsa mokhoa oa ho sebetsa
Li-starch ethers li ntlafatsa ho sebetsa ha metsoako ea samente ka ho eketsa ho boloka metsi le ho fokotsa karohano.
5.2 Tšireletseho e matlafalitsoeng
Li-ether tse ling tsa starch li ntlafatsa ho tšoarella ka ho eketsa ho hanyetsa ho phatloha, ho senya le tlhaselo ea lik'hemik'hale.
5.3 Phetoho ea 'mele
Thepa ea rheological ea slurries ea samente e ka fetoloa ka tšebeliso e bohlale ea starch ethers, kahoo e ama viscosity le thepa ea phallo.
F. Mathata le Litharollo
Ho sa tsotellehe melemo e mengata ea ho sebelisa li-ether tsa starch, mathata a ntse a le ho finyella ho lumellana hantle le mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea samente. Liqholotso tsena li kenyelletsa:
6.1 Ho lieha ho beha nako
Li-ether tse ling tsa starch li ka ’na tsa atolosa nako ea ho beha samente ka phoso, li hloka hore ho lokisoe ka hloko ha li etsoa ho boloka tsoelo-pele ea kaho.
6.2 Phello ho matla a khatello
Ho leka-lekanya phetoho e hlokahalang ea rheological le tšusumetso e ka bang teng ho matla a hatellang ke phephetso e hlokang tlhahlobo e phethahetseng le ntlafatso.
6.3 Ho nahanela litšenyehelo
Tšebeliso e ntle ea litšenyehelo ea incor perforation ea starch ethers e lokela ho hlahlojoa ka hloko, ho nahanoa ka melemo e akaretsang le mefokolo e ka bang teng.
G. Qetello
Ka bokhutšoanyane, li-starch ethers li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho lokisoeng ha thepa e entsoeng ka samente. Ho lumellana ha li-starch ethers tse nang le mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea samente ke karolo e nang le mefuta e mengata e kenyelletsang ho utloisisa litšebelisano tsa limolek'hule, phello ea tsona ho hydration le phello e latelang ts'ebetsong ea thepa ea mohaho. Leha ho na le mathata, ho hlophisoa ka hloko le ho etsa liteko ho ka thusa ho hlokomela bokhoni bo felletseng ba li-starch ethers, ho thusa ho theha lisebelisoa tse tšoarellang le tse sebetsang tse thehiloeng ho samente indastering ea kaho. Lipatlisiso tsa nako e tlang li lokela ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho rarolleng liqholotso tse itseng le ho holisa boholo ba ts'ebeliso ea li-starch ethers lits'ebetsong tsa samente.
Nako ea poso: Dec-05-2023