Cellulose Ether ee Warshadaha Warqadaha

Warqadani waxay soo bandhigaysaa noocyada, hababka diyaarinta, sifooyinka waxqabadka iyo heerka codsiga ee ethers cellulose ee warshadaha waraaqaha, waxay soo bandhigaan noocyo cusub oo ethers cellulose ah oo leh rajooyin horumarineed, waxayna ka hadlayaan codsigooda iyo horumarka horumarinta waraaqaha.

Erayada muhiimka ah:ether cellulose; waxqabadka; warshadaha waraaqaha

Cellulose waa unug dabiici ah oo polymer ah, qaab dhismeedkeeda kiimikaad waa macromolecule polysaccharide ah oo leh anhydrousβ-glucose oo ah giraanta salka, iyo giraanti saleed kastaa waxa ay leedahay kooxda hydroxyl aasaasiga ah iyo koox sare oo hydroxyl ah. Iyada oo loo marayo wax ka beddelkeeda kiimikaad, taxane ah oo ka soo jeeda cellulose ayaa la heli karaa. Habka diyaarinta ee ether cellulose waa in ay falcelin cellulose leh NaOH, ka dibna fuliyaan falcelinta etherification leh falcelin functional kala duwan sida methyl chloride, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, iwm. alaabta. Cellulose ether waa mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu muhiimsan ee laga soo saaro cellulose, kaas oo si weyn loogu isticmaali karo daawada iyo nadaafadda, warshadaha kiimikada maalinlaha ah, waraaqaha, cuntada, daawada, dhismaha, qalabka iyo warshadaha kale. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, dalalka shisheeye waxay siiyeen muhiimad weyn cilmi-baaristiisa, waxaana guulo badan laga gaaray cilmi-baaris aasaasi ah oo la dabaqay, saameyn la taaban karo iyo diyaargarow. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, qaar ka mid ah dadka Shiinaha ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u bilaabay inay ku lug yeeshaan cilmi-baarista dhinacan, waxayna markii hore ku guuleysteen natiijooyin wax-soo-saarka. Sidaa darteed, horumarinta iyo ka faa'iidaysiga ether cellulose ayaa door aad u muhiim ah ka ciyaara ka faa'iidaysiga dhamaystiran ee khayraadka noolaha dib loo cusboonaysiin karo iyo hagaajinta tayada waraaqaha iyo waxqabadka. Waa nooc cusub oo lagu daro waraaqaha samaynta mudan in la horumariyo.

1. Kala soocida iyo hababka diyaarinta ethers cellulose

Kala soocida ethers cellulose guud ahaan waxaa loo qaybiyaa 4 qaybood iyadoo loo eegayo ionity.

1.1 Nonionic Cellulose Eter

Ether-ka aan-ionic cellulose-ka ahayn inta badan waa cellulose alkyl ether, habka diyaarintiisana waa in uu ka falceliyo cellulose leh NaOH, ka dibna la sameeyo falcelinta etherification monomers kala duwan oo shaqeynaya sida monochloromethane, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, iwm. , ka dibna lagu helo dhaqidda cusbada by-product iyo cellulose sodium, inta badan ay ku jiraan methyl cellulose ether, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, cyanoethyl Cellulose ether iyo hydroxybutyl cellulose ether ayaa si weyn loo isticmaalaa.

1.2 Anionic cellulose ether

Ethers-ka anionic cellulose-ku waa inta badan sodium carboxymethyl cellulose iyo sodium carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose. Habka diyaarinta waa in lagu falceliyo cellulose leh NaOH ka dibna la sameeyo ether leh chloroacetic acid, ethylene oxide iyo propylene oxide. Falcelinta kiimikaad, ka dibna lagu helo iyada oo la dhaqo milixda ka soo baxda iyo cellulose sodium.

1.3 Cationic Cellulose Eter

Caqliyeed ethers cellulose inta badan waxaa ka mid ah 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride cellulose ether, kaas oo lagu diyaariyey by falcelin cellulose leh NaOH ka dibna ka falcelin la cationic etherifying wakiilka 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl Trimethyl ammonium chloride ama falcelinta etherification leh propylene oxide iyo propylene oxide. ka dibna lagu helay iyada oo la dhaqay milixda ka soo baxday iyo cellulose sodium.

1.4 Zwitterionic Cellulose Eter

Silsiladda molecular ee ether ether ee zwitterionic cellulose waxay leedahay labada kooxood ee anionic iyo kooxaha cationic. Habka diyaarintiisa waa in ay la falgasho cellulose leh NaOH ka dibna la falgal monochloroacetic acid iyo cationic etherification wakiilka 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl Trimethylammonium chloride waa etherified, ka dibna la helay by dhaqidda milix-soo-saarka iyo cellulose sodium.

2. Waxqabadka iyo sifooyinka ether cellulose

2.1 Samaynta filimada iyo ku dhegganaanshaha

Etherification ee ether cellulose waxay leedahay saameyn weyn oo ku saabsan sifooyinka iyo sifooyinka, sida solubility, awoodda sameynta filimada, xoogga curaarta iyo caabbinta milixda. Ether-ka Cellulose waxa uu leeyahay awood farsamo oo aad u saraysa, dabacsanaan, kulaylka iyo iska caabinta qabowga, waxa aanu si fiican ula jaanqaadi kara resins kala duwan iyo caagadaha, waxaana loo isticmaali karaa in lagu sameeyo balaastiigyo, filimaan, dawooyin, xabag, cinjir iyo agabka dahaadhida, iwm.

2.2 Solubility

Ether Cellulose waxay leedahay milmayn biyo ah oo wanaagsan sababtoo ah jiritaanka kooxaha polyhydroxyl, waxayna leedahay xulashada dareeraha kala duwan ee dareerayaasha organic iyadoo loo eegayo beddelaadyo kala duwan. Methylcellulose waxay ku milmi kartaa biyo qabow, oo aan lagu milmin biyaha kulul, sidoo kale waxay ku milmi kartaa qaar ka mid ah dareerayaasha; methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose waxay ku milmi kartaa biyo qabow, oo aan lagu milmin biyaha kulul iyo dareerayaasha organic. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka xalka biyaha ee methylcellulose iyo methylhydroxyethylcellulose la kululeeyo, methylcellulose iyo methylhydroxyethylcellulose ayaa soo kicin doona. Methyl cellulose waxaa lagu soo dalacayaa 45-60°C, halka heerkulka roobka ee etherified etherified methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose la kordhiyey ilaa 65-80°C. Marka heerkulku hoos u dhaco, da'da ayaa dib u milmaantaa. Hydroxyethylcellulose iyo sodium carboxymethylcellulose waxay ku milmayaan biyaha heerkul kasta oo aan lagu milmi karin dareerayaasha organic (marka laga reebo dhawr). Ka faa'iidaysiga hantidan, dawooyinka saliida ee kala duwan iyo walxaha filimka milmaya ayaa la diyaarin karaa.

2.3 Dhumucda

Eter cellulose waxaa lagu milmaa biyaha qaab kolloid ah, viscosity waxay ku xiran tahay heerka polymerization ee etherka cellulose, iyo xalku wuxuu ka kooban yahay macromolecules fuuqbaxay. Sababtoo ah isku-xidhka makromolecules, habdhaqanka qulqulka xalalku wuu ka duwan yahay dareeraha Newtonian, laakiin wuxuu muujiyaa dabeecad ku beddeleysa xoogga xiirid. Sababtoo ah qaab dhismeedka macromolecular ee ether cellulose, viscosity ee xalku si degdeg ah ayuu u kordhiyaa korodhka xoojinta oo si degdeg ah hoos ugu dhaco korodhka heerkulka. Marka loo eego sifooyinkeeda, ethers cellulose sida karboxymethyl cellulose iyo hydroxyethyl cellulose waxaa loo isticmaali karaa dhumucyada kiimikooyinka maalinlaha ah, wakiilada biyaha celiya ee daboolka waraaqaha, iyo dhumucyada dharka dhismaha.

2.4 Hoos u dhac

Marka ether-ka cellulose uu ku milmo wajiga biyaha, bakteeriyada ayaa kori doonta, korriinka bakteeriyada waxay u horseedi doontaa soo saarista bakteeriyada enzyme. Insaymku wuxuu jebiyaa unugyada anhydroglucose ee aan la beddelin ee ku dheggan eter-ka cellulose-ka, taasoo yaraynaysa miisaanka molecular-ka ee polymerka. Sidaa darteed, haddii xalka aqueous cellulose ether lagu kaydiyo muddo dheer, waa in lagu daraa waxyaabaha ilaaliya, iyo tallaabooyin ka hortag ah qaarkood waa in la qaado xitaa ethers cellulose leh sifooyinka bakteeriyada.

3. Codsiga etherka cellulose ee warshadaha waraaqaha

3.1 Wakiilka xoojinta waraaqaha

Tusaale ahaan, CMC waxaa loo isticmaali karaa sida fidiyaha fiber-ka iyo wakiilka xoojinta waraaqaha, kaas oo lagu dari karo saxarka. Maadaama sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ay leedahay lacag la mid ah sida saxarka iyo walxaha buuxinta, waxay kordhin kartaa sinnaanta fiber-ka. Saamaynta isku xidhka ee fiilooyinka waa la wanaajin karaa, iyo tilmaamayaasha jireed sida xoogga xajinta, xoogga dillaaca, iyo xitaa warqadda warqadda waa la wanaajin karaa. Tusaale ahaan, Longzhu iyo kuwa kale waxay isticmaalaan 100% saxarka sulfite bleached, 20% budada talcum, 1% xabagta rosin ee kala firdhiyey, hagaajiyaan qiimaha pH ilaa 4.5 leh aluminium sulfate, oo isticmaalaan viscosity sare CMC (viscosity 800 ~ 1200MPA.S) Shahaadada Beddelku waa 0.6. Waxaa la arki karaa in CMC ay hagaajin karto xoogga qallalan ee warqadda iyo sidoo kale hagaajinta heerka cabbirka.

3.2 Wakiilka cabbirka dusha sare

Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose waxaa loo isticmaali karaa sidii walaxda cabbirka dusha warqad si loo hagaajiyo xoogga dusha sare ee warqadda. Saamaynta codsigeeda waxay kordhin kartaa awoodda dusha sare ilaa 10% marka la barbar dhigo isticmaalka hadda ee aalkolada polyvinyl iyo wakiilka cabbirka istaarjka ee la beddelay, qiyaastana waa la dhimi karaa ilaa 30%. Waa wakiilka cabbirka dusha sare ee rajo-gelinta ah ee samaynta waraaqaha, iyo taxanahan noocyada cusub waa in si firfircoon loo horumariyo. Eter-ka cellulose cationic wuxuu leeyahay waxqabadka cabbirka dusha sare marka loo eego istaarijka cationic. Kaliya ma hagaajin karto xoogga dusha sare ee warqadda, laakiin sidoo kale waxay hagaajin kartaa waxqabadka nuugista khad ee warqadda waxayna kordhisaa saamaynta midabaynta. Sidoo kale waa wakiil cabbir oo korka ah oo rajo leh. Mo Lihuan iyo kuwa kale waxay isticmaaleen sodium carboxymethyl cellulose iyo istaarij oksaydhized ah si ay u sameeyaan imtixaanada cabbirka dusha warqadda iyo kartoonada. Natiijooyinka waxay muujinayaan in CMC ay leedahay saameyn cabbir oo dusha sare ah.

Methyl karboksymethyl cellulose sodium waxay leedahay wax qabad qiyaaseed gaar ah, iyo karboxymethyl cellulose sodium waxaa loo isticmaali karaa sidii wakiilka cabbirka saxarka. Marka lagu daro shahaadadeeda cabbirka, ether cationic cellulose sidoo kale waxaa loo isticmaali karaa sidii warqad-samaynta warqad sifeeyaha, hagaajinta heerka haynta ee fiilooyinka wanaagsan iyo kuwa buuxinaya, iyo sidoo kale waxaa loo isticmaali karaa sidii wakiilka xoojinta waraaqaha.

3.3 Emulsion stabilizer

Ether Cellulose waxaa si weyn loo isticmaalaa in diyaarinta emulsion sababtoo ah saamaynta dhumuc wanaagsan ee xal aqueous, taas oo kordhin karta viscosity ee dhexdhexaad ah kala firdhiso emulsion iyo ka hortagga roobab emulsion iyo stratification. Sida sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, iwm waxaa loo isticmaali karaa sida stabilizers iyo wakiilada ilaalinta anionic xanjo rosin kala firdhiyey, cationic cellulose ether, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, iwm saldhigga cellulose ether, methyl cellulose. ether, iwm. sidoo kale waxa loo isticmaali karaa sidii wakiilo ka hortag ah oo loogu talagalay xanjada rosin ee kala firdhisa cationic, AKD, ASA iyo walxaha kale ee cabbirka. Longzhu iyo al. la isticmaalay 100% saxarka alwaax sulfite bleached, 20% budada talcum, 1% xabagta rosin kala firdhiyey, hagaajiyay qiimaha pH ilaa 4.5 leh aluminium sulfate, iyo isticmaal CMC viscosity sare (viscosity 800 ~ 12000MPA.S). Heerka beddelka waa 0.6, waxaana loo isticmaalaa cabbirka gudaha. Waxaa laga arki karaa natiijooyinka in heerka cabbirka caagga rosin ee ka kooban CMC ay si cad u wanaajisay, iyo xasilloonida emulsion rosin waa mid wanaagsan, heerka haynta walxaha caagga ah ayaa sidoo kale sarreeya.

3.4 Dahaarka ilaalinta biyaha

Waxaa loo isticmaalaa daahan iyo ka baaraandegidda daahan warqad binder, cyanoethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, iwm bedeli kartaa casein iyo qayb ka mid ah cinjirka, si ay khad daabacaadda si fudud u dhex geli karo iyo cidhifyada waa cad. Carboxymethyl cellulose iyo hydroxyethyl karboxymethyl cellulose ether waxaa loo isticmaali karaa sida kala firdhiso midabka, dhumuc weyn, wakiilka biyaha iyo xasiliye. Tusaale ahaan, xaddiga karboxymethyl cellulose ee loo isticmaalo sida wakiilka biyaha-haynta ee diyaarinta xaashida daboolan waa 1-2%.

4. Isbeddelka Horumarka ee Ether-ka Cellulose ee Loo Isticmaalo Warshadaha Warqadaha

Isticmaalka wax ka beddelka kiimikaad si loo helo derivatives cellulose leh hawlo gaar ah waa hab wax ku ool ah oo lagu raadiyo isticmaalka cusub ee wax soo saarka adduunka ugu weyn ee walxaha organic dabiiciga ah-cellulose. Waxaa jira noocyo badan oo ka mid ah derivatives cellulose iyo hawlo ballaaran, iyo ether-cellulose ayaa lagu dabaqay warshado badan sababtoo ah waxqabadkooda wanaagsan. Si loo daboolo baahiyaha warshadaha waraaqaha, horumarinta ether cellulose waa inay fiiro gaar ah u yeeshaan isbeddellada soo socda:

(1) Samee alaabooyin kala duwan oo qeexid ah oo ethers cellulose ah oo ku habboon codsiyada warshadaha waraaqaha, sida alaabooyinka taxane leh oo leh heerar kala duwan oo beddelaad ah, viscosities kala duwan, iyo cufnaanta molecular ee kala duwan, ee xulashada soosaarka noocyo kala duwan oo waraaqo ah.

(2) Horumarinta noocyada cusub ee ethers cellulose waa in la kordhiyaa, sida cationic cellulose ethers oo ku habboon xajinta waraaqaha iyo qalabka dheecaanka, wakiilada cabbirka dusha sare, iyo ethers cellulose zwitterionic kuwaas oo loo isticmaali karo wakiilada xoojinta si loogu beddelo lakabka Cyanoethyl cellulose ether iyo wixii la mid ah sida binder.

(3) Xoojinta cilmi baarista habka diyaarinta ether cellulose iyo habka cusub ee diyaarinta, gaar ahaan cilmi baarista dhimista kharashka iyo fududaynta habka.

(4) Xoojinta cilmi baarista sifooyinka cellulose ethers, gaar ahaan guryaha filim-samaynta, guryaha isku-xidhka iyo sifooyinka dhumuc ee ethers cellulose kala duwan, iyo xoojinta cilmi-baarista aragtida codsiga of ethers cellulose ee waraaqaha.