Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) uye hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) maviri akajairwa cellulose derivatives, ayo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukudya, mushonga, zvizorwa, zvekuvakisa uye mimwe minda. Kunyangwe iwo ese ari maviri akatorwa kubva kune yechisikigo cellulose uye anowanikwa nekugadziriswa kwemakemikari, kune misiyano iri pachena muchimiro chemakemikari, physicochemical zvimiro, minda yekushandisa uye inoshanda mhedzisiro.
1. Chimiro chemakemikari
Chinhu chikuru chechimiro checarboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ndechekuti mapoka ehydroxyl ari pamamorekuru ecellulose anotsiviwa nemapoka ecarboxymethyl (-CH2COOH). Uku kugadziridzwa kwemakemikari kunoita kuti CMC inyungudika zvakanyanya mumvura, kunyanya mumvura kuita viscous colloidal solution. Iyo viscosity yemushonga wayo inowirirana zvakanyanya nedhigirii rekutsiva (kureva dhigirii recarboxymethyl substitution).
Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) inoumbwa nekutsiva mapoka ehydroxyl mu cellulose nehydroxyethyl (-CH2CH2OH). Iro hydroxyethyl boka muHEC molecule inowedzera kunyungudika kwemvura uye hydrophilicity ye cellulose, uye inogona kugadzira gel pasi pemamwe mamiriro. Ichi chimiro chinogonesa HEC kuratidza yakanaka thickening, kumiswa uye kudzikamisa mhedzisiro mune aqueous mhinduro.
2. Muviri uye makemikari zvinhu
Kunyungudika kwemvura:
CMC inogona kunyungudika zvachose mumvura inotonhora uye inopisa kuti iite inoonekera kana translucent colloidal mhinduro. Mhinduro yayo ine yakakwira viscosity, uye viscosity inoshanduka nekushisa uye pH kukosha. HEC inogonawo kunyungudutswa mumvura inotonhora uye inopisa, asi kana ichienzaniswa neCMC, chiyero chayo chekunyungudika chinononoka uye zvinotora nguva yakareba kuumba yunifomu mhinduro. Iyo mhinduro viscosity yeHEC yakaderera, asi ine nani munyu kuramba uye kugadzikana.
Viscosity kugadzirisa:
Iyo viscosity yeCMC inokanganiswa nyore ne pH kukosha. Iyo inowanzokwirira pasi pekusarerekera kana alkaline mamiriro, asi iyo viscosity ichaderedzwa zvakanyanya pasi pesimba yakasimba acidic mamiriro. Iyo viscosity yeHEC haina kukanganiswa nekukosha kwepH, ine hupamhi hwehupamhi hwekugadzikana kwepH, uye inokodzera kushandiswa pasi pemamiriro akasiyana-siyana ane acidic uye alkaline.
Kuramba munyu:
CMC inonyanya kunzwa munyu, uye kuvapo kwemunyu kunoderedza zvakanyanya viscosity yemhinduro yayo. HEC, kune rumwe rutivi, inoratidzira yakasimba munyu kuramba uye inogona kuchengetedza yakanaka yekukora mhedzisiro munzvimbo ine munyu wakawanda. Naizvozvo, HEC ine mabhenefiti ari pachena mumasisitimu anoda kushandiswa kwemunyu.
3. Nzvimbo dzekushandisa
Indasitiri yechikafu:
CMC inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yechikafu seyakakora, stabilizer uye emulsifier. Semuenzaniso, muzvigadzirwa zvakaita seaizikirimu, zvinwiwa, jamu, uye sosi, CMC inogona kuvandudza kuravira uye kugadzikana kwechigadzirwa. HEC haisati yanyanya kushandiswa muindasitiri yezvekudya uye inonyanya kushandiswa mune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvine zvakakosha zvinodiwa, senge yakaderera-makoriori ekudya uye akakosha ezvekudya kunovaka muviri.
Mishonga uye cosmetics:
CMC inowanzo shandiswa kugadzira mahwendefa emishonga, zvinwiwa zvemaziso, nezvimwewo, nekuda kwekunaka kwayo kugarisana uye kuchengeteka. HEC inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvizoro zvakadai semafuta, makirimu uye shampoos nekuda kweakanakisa kugadzira firimu uye kunyorova zvinhu, izvo zvinogona kupa kunzwa kwakanaka uye kunyorova.
Zvekuvaka:
Muzvivakwa zvekuvaka, zvese CMC neHEC zvinogona kushandiswa sezvikobvu uye zvinochengeta mvura, kunyanya musimende uye gypsum-based materials. HEC inonyanya kushandiswa mukuvaka zvinhu nekuda kwekunaka kwayo munyu kuramba uye kugadzikana, izvo zvinogona kuvandudza mashandiro ekuvaka uye kusimba kwezvinhu.
Kubvisa mafuta:
Mukuchera oiri, CMC, sechinhu chinowedzera chekuchera mvura, inogona kunyatso kudzora viscosity uye kurasikirwa kwemvura mumadhaka. HEC, nekuda kwekukwirira kwayo kwemunyu kuramba uye kukora zvivakwa, yave chinhu chakakosha mumakemikari emumunda wemafuta, anoshandiswa mukuchera mvura uye fracturing fluid kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka uye hupfumi.
4. Kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye biodegradability
Ose ari maviri CMC neHEC anotorwa kubva kune yakasarudzika cellulose uye ane yakanaka biodegradability uye kushamwaridzana kwezvakatipoteredza. Munharaunda yakasikwa, vanogona kusvibiswa nehutachiona hunoita kuti zvinhu zvisingakuvadzi zvakadai secarbon dioxide nemvura, kuderedza kusvibiswa kune zvakatipoteredza. Mukuwedzera, nokuti haisi-chepfu uye isingakuvadzi, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvigadzirwa zvinosangana zvakananga nemuviri womunhu, zvakadai sezvokudya, mishonga uye zvizoro.
Kunyangwe carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) uye hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) ese ari maviri anobva ku cellulose, ane misiyano yakakura muchimiro chemakemikari, physicochemical zvimiro, minda yekushandisa uye mashandiro anoita. CMC inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukudya, mushonga, kudhirowa kwemafuta uye mamwe minda nekuda kweiyo yakakwira viscosity uye kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza pesvedzero. HEC, zvisinei, inonyanya kushandiswa muzvizoro, zvivakwa zvekuvaka, nezvimwewo nekuda kwekunaka kwemunyu, kugadzikana uye firimu-kugadzira zvinhu. Paunenge uchisarudza kuishandisa, zvinodikanwa kuti usarudze yakanyatsokodzera cellulose derivative zvinoenderana neiyo chaiyo application mamiriro uye inoda kuwana yakanyanya kushandisa mhedzisiro.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-21-2024