Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) yakagadziridzwa cellulose derivative iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muakasiyana maindasitiri ekushandisa. Iyi polymer inoshanda zvakasiyana-siyana inotorwa kubva ku cellulose, yakasikwa polysaccharide inowanikwa mumadziro esero rezvirimwa. Kugadziriswa kunosanganisira kuunzwa kwemapoka eanionic pamusana we cellulose, nekudaro kuwedzera kunyungudika kwemvura nekuvandudza rheological properties. Iyo PAC inokonzeresa ine yakasarudzika zvivakwa zvinoita kuti ive yakakosha muindasitiri yemafuta negasi, kugadzira chikafu, mishonga, nezvimwe.
Cellulose iine mutsara wepolymer inoumbwa nekudzokorora zvikamu zveglucose zvakabatanidzwa ne β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. Iyo yakawanda muzvisikwa uye inhengo yezvimiro zveplant cell wall. Nekudaro, yakasikwa cellulose ine mashoma solubility mumvura nekuda kweiyo yakasimba intermolecular hydrogen bond. Kuti ukunde chipingamupinyi ichi, polyanionic cellulose yakagadziriswa kuburikidza nenhevedzano yemakemikari shanduko.
Nzira yakajairika yekugadzirwa kwePAC inosanganisira etherification kana esterification maitiro. Pakati pemaitiro aya, mapoka eanionic, senge carboxylate kana sulfonate mapoka, anounzwa mumaketani e cellulose. Izvi zvinopa iyo polymer chaji isina kunaka, ichiita kuti inyungudika nemvura uye ichipa iyo yakasarudzika zvivakwa. Chiyero chekutsiva kana huwandu hwemapoka eanionic pachikamu cheglucose inogona kugadziridzwa kuti igadzirise zvimiro zvePAC inobuda kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa.
Imwe yemashandisirwo makuru ePAC iri muindasitiri yeoiri negasi, kwainoshandiswa sechinhu chakakosha chekuwedzera mumvura yekuchera. Mvura yekuchera, inozivikanwawo semadhaka, inoita mabasa akasiyana-siyana mukuchera matsime emafuta negasi, anosanganisira kutonhodza chibhorani, kutakura zvidimbu kuenda pamusoro, uye kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwetsime. Kuwedzera PAC kumvura yekuchera inodzora rheological zvimiro, senge viscosity uye kurasikirwa kwemvura. Inoita senge tackifier, inodzivirira yakasimba kubva pakugadzirisa uye kuve nechokwadi chekumisikidza kwakanaka mumvura.
Iyo rheological zvimiro zvePAC inogona kukwenenzverwa kuti iwane chiyero chinodiwa pakati pe viscosity uye fluid kurasikirwa kwekudzora. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha pamabasa ekuchera pasi pemamiriro akasiyana-siyana, akadai semhando dzakasiyana uye tembiricha. PAC's solubility yemvura inoitawo kuti zvive nyore kusanganisa nemvura yekuchera, uye kugadzikana kwayo mukati mehuwandu hwepH mamiriro inowedzera kuwedzera kushandiswa kwayo mumunda.
Pamusoro pebasa rayo mukuchera zvinwiwa, PAC inoshandiswa mune akasiyana mamwe maapplication. Muindasitiri yechikafu, inoshandiswa seyakakora uye inodzikamisa muzvigadzirwa zvakaita semasaladhi madhirezi, sosi uye zvigadzirwa zvemukaka. Kugona kwayo kukwidziridza viscosity uye kudzora manyorerwo kunoita kuti ive yakakosha mukuumbwa uko zvinhu izvi zvakakosha.
Indasitiri yemishonga inoshandisawo maPAC seanobatsira mukugadzira zvinodhaka. Inogona kuverengerwa mumachira emapiritsi uye yakadzorwa-kuburitsa maumbirwo ekugadzirisa mitengo yekuburitswa kwezvinodhaka. Iyo biocompatibility uye yakaderera chepfu yePAC inobatsira mukugamuchirwa kwayo mukushandisa kwemishonga.
Pamusoro pezvo, PAC yakawana zvikumbiro mumagadzirirwo emvura. Hunhu hwayo hweanionic hunoibvumira kuti iwirirane nezvikamu zvinopomerwa zvakanaka, zvichibatsira kubvisa tsvina kubva mumvura. Muchiitiko ichi, inoshanda se flocculant kana coagulant, ichikurudzira kuunganidza kwezvikamu kuitira kuti zvive nyore kubvisa ne sedimentation kana filtration.
Zvisinei nekushandiswa kwakapararira, zvingangoitika zvezvakatipoteredza uye zvekuchengetedza nyaya zvine chekuita nekugadzirwa kwePAC uye kuraswa kunofanirwa kutariswa. Vatsvagiri uye indasitiri vari kuramba vachiongorora green chemistry uye mamwe masosi e cellulose kugadzirisa nyaya idzi.
Polyanionic cellulose muenzaniso wakatanhamara wekuti gadziriso yemakemikari inogona kushandura sei mapolymer echisikigo kuita zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoshanda zvine akasiyana maapplication. Basa rayo mumaindasitiri akadai seoiri uye gasi, chikafu nemishonga inosimbisa mashandiro ayo uye nekuenderera mberi kwekukosha kweselulosi inobuda mumaitiro emazuva ano ekugadzira. Sezvo tekinoroji inofambira mberi uye kudiwa kwemhinduro dzakasimba kuchikura, kutsvaga kwemaitiro ane hushamwari nzira dzePAC kugadzira uye mashandisiro ayo angangoramba achikura.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-19-2023