Cellulosics inoreva boka rezvinhu zvakatorwa kubva ku cellulose, inova ndiyo yakawanda organic polymer paPasi uye chikamu chikuru chechirimwa masero madziro. Cellulose is linear polysaccharide inoumbwa nekudzokorora mayuniti eglucose akabatanidzwa pamwechete ne β (1 → 4) glycosidic bonds.

Cellulosis zvinhu zvinogona kukamurwa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zviviri: zvakasikwa uye zvekugadzira.

Natural Celulosics:

1. Huni Pulp: Inotorwa kubva muhuni fiber, huni pulp ndiyo yekutanga sosi ye cellulose inoshandiswa mumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana, kusanganisira kugadzira mapepa, machira, uye kuvaka.
2. Cotton: Fibers dzedonje, dzakatorwa kubva kumvere dzemhodzi dzechirimwa chedonje, dzinenge dzinenge dzese cellulose. Cotton inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira micheka nekuda kwekupfava kwayo, kufema, uye kunwa.
3. Hemp: Hemp fibers, inotorwa kubva kumadzinde echirimwa chehemp, ine cellulose uye inoshandiswa mumicheka, kugadzira mapepa, uye zvinhu zvakaumbwa.
4. Bamboo: Bamboo fibers, inotorwa kubva muhutu hwemiti yemushenjere, yakapfuma muselulosi uye inoshandiswa mukugadzira machira, pamwe nekugadzira mapepa uye zvekuvakisa.

Synthetic Celluloses:

1. Regenerated Cellulose: Yakagadzirwa kuburikidza nekunyungudika kweselulosi mune yakanyungudutsa, senge cuprammonium hydroxide kana viscose, inoteverwa neextrusion mune coagulation bath. Yakagadzirwazve cellulose zvinhu zvinosanganisira viscose rayon, lyocell (Tencel), uye cellulose acetate.
2. Cellulose Esters: Kemikari yakagadziridzwa cellulose derivatives inowanikwa nekuita esterification nemaasidhi akasiyana. Yakajairika cellulose esters inosanganisira cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate (celluloid), uye cellulose acetate butyrate. Izvi zvinhu zvinowana kushandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemafirimu, machira, uye mapurasitiki.

Zvishandiso zveCelluloses:

1. Micheka: Machira eCellulosic, ese echisikigo (semuenzaniso, donje, hemp) uye akagadzirwa patsva (semuenzaniso, viscose rayon, lyocell), anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira micheka yembatya, machira emumba, uye machira emaindasitiri.
2. Pepa uye Packaging: Wood pulp, inotorwa kubva kune cellulosic masosi, inoshanda seyakanyanya mbishi zvinhu zvekugadzira mapepa uye kurongedza zvinhu. Cellulosic fibers inopa simba, kunyura, uye kudhinda kune zvigadzirwa zvemapepa.
3. Zvishandiso zvekuvakisa: Zvishandiso zvecellulosic, zvakaita sehuni nemushenjere, zvinoshandiswa mukuvaka kwezvimiro zvemukati (semuenzaniso, kugadzira matanda, plywood) uye yekushongedza inopera (semuenzaniso, hardwood pasi, bamboo mapaneru).
4. Personal Care Zvigadzirwa: Cellulose-based zvinhu zvinoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza munhu, zvinosanganisira kupukuta, matishu, uye inonwisa hutsanana zvigadzirwa, nekuda kwekupfava kwavo, simba, uye biodegradability.
5. Zvokudya neMishonga: Cellulose derivatives, yakadai se microcrystalline cellulose uye carboxymethylcellulose, inoshandiswa sezvigadziriso muzvokudya uye mishonga yemishonga yekukora, kugadzikana, uye kusunga zvinhu.

Zvakanakira zve cellulosics:

1. Inovandudzwa uye Biodegradable: Cellulosic zvinhu zvinotorwa kubva kune zvinogonekazve chirimwa masosi uye zvinogoneka, zvichiita kuti ive inochengetedza nharaunda dzimwe nzira dzekugadzira mapolymer.
2. Versatility: Cellulosics inoratidza huwandu hwakasiyana hwezvivakwa uye mashandiro, zvichibvumira kushandiswa kwakasiyana mumaindasitiri, kubva kumachira kusvika kumishonga.
3. Kuwanikwa: Cellulose yakawanda muzvisikwa, ine masosi kubva kuhuni nedonje kusvika kune bamboo uye hemp, kuve nechokwadi chekuenderana uye chakavimbika chekushandisa muindasitiri.
4. Biocompatibility: Zvizhinji zve cellulosic zvinhu zvinowirirana uye zvisina muchetura, zvichiita kuti zvikodzere kushandiswa mukudya, mishonga, uye mishonga yekurapa.

Muchidimbu, ma cellulosics anosanganisira zvinhu zvakasiyana siyana zvakatorwa kubva ku cellulose, zvinopa kuita kwakasiyana-siyana, kusimbaradza, uye biocompatibility pane dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa mumaindasitiri akadai semachira, kugadzira mapepa, kuvaka, kutarisirwa kwevanhu, uye hutano.