Thickener, inozivikanwawo se gelling agent, inonziwo paste kana chikafu glue kana ichishandiswa muchikafu. Basa rayo guru nderokuwedzera viscosity yegadziriro yezvinhu, kuchengetedza hurongwa hwezvinhu muyunifomu uye yakagadzikana yekumisa mamiriro kana emulsified state, kana kuumba gel. Thickeners anogona kukurumidza kuwedzera viscosity yechigadzirwa kana ichishandiswa. Yakawanda yemaitiro ekuita kweakobvu ndeye kushandisa macromolecular chain chimiro chekuwedzera kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvekukora kana kugadzira micelles nemvura kuti iite matatu-dimensional network dhizaini kuti ikobvu. Iine maitiro ehushoma dosage, kukurumidza kuchembera uye kugadzikana kwakanaka, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukudya, machira, zvinonamira, zvizorwa, detergents, kudhinda uye dhayi, kuongorora mafuta, rabha, mushonga uye mamwe minda. Yekutanga thickener yaive mvura-soluble natural rabha, asi kushandiswa kwayo kwaive kushoma nekuda kwemutengo wayo wepamusoro nekuda kwedosage yakakura uye yakaderera kubuda. Yechipiri-chizvarwa thickener inonziwo emulsification thickener, kunyanya mushure mekubuda kwemafuta-mvura emulsification thickener, yakashandiswa zvakanyanya mune mamwe maindasitiri. Zvisinei, emulsifying thickeners inoda kushandisa yakawanda yeparafini, iyo isingasvibisi nharaunda chete, asiwo inoisa njodzi dzekuchengetedza mukugadzirwa uye kushandiswa. Zvichienderana neaya matambudziko, masynthetic thickeners akabuda, kunyanya kugadzirira uye kushandiswa kwezvakagadzirwa zvakakora zvakaumbwa necopolymerization yemvura-inonyungudika monomers senge acrylic acid uye huwandu hwakakodzera hwemachinjika-anobatanidza monomers akagadzirwa nekukurumidza.
Mhando dzema thickeners uye thickening mechanism
Kune akawanda marudzi emakobvu, ayo anogona kukamurwa kuita inorganic uye organic polymers, uye organic mapolymers anogona kupatsanurwa kuita echisikigo mapolymers uye ekugadzira mapolima.
Mazhinji emapolymer thickeners echisikigo mapolysaccharides, ane nhoroondo refu yekushandiswa uye marudzi mazhinji, kunyanya kusanganisira cellulose ether, gum arabic, carob gum, guar gum, xanthan chingamu, chitosan, alginic acid Sodium uye starch uye zvigadzirwa zvayo zvakadhindwa, nezvimwe. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), ethyl cellulose (EC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC) mu cellulose ether zvigadzirwa) uye methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (MHPC) inozivikanwa semaindasitiri eglutamate monosodium. , uye yakashandiswa zvakanyanya mukuchera mafuta, kuvaka, kupfeka, chikafu, mishonga uye makemikari ezuva nezuva. Iri rudzi rwekukora rinonyanya kugadzirwa neakasikwa polymer cellulose kuburikidza nemakemikari kuita. Zhu Ganghui anotenda kuti sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) uye hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa zvigadzirwa mucellulose ether zvigadzirwa. Iwo ndiwo hydroxyl uye etherification mapoka eanhydroglucose unit pane cellulose chain. (Chloroacetic acid kana ethylene oxide) kuita. Cellulosic thickeners yakakora ne hydration uye kuwedzera kwemaketani marefu. Iyo yekukora mashandiro ndeaya anotevera: cheni huru ye cellulose mamorekuru inoshamwaridzana nemamorekuru emvura akatenderedza kuburikidza nehydrogen bond, iyo inowedzera huwandu hwemvura yepolymer pachayo, nekudaro ichiwedzera huwandu hwepolymer pachayo. system viscosity. Mushonga wayo une aqueous imvura isiri yeNewtonian, uye viscosity yayo inoshanduka neshear rate uye haina chekuita nenguva. Iyo viscosity yemushonga inowedzera nekukurumidza nekuwedzera kwekutarisa, uye ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa thickeners uye rheological additives.
Cationic guar gum ndeyechisikigo copolymer yakatorwa kubva mumiti yemichero, ine zvimiro zvecationic surfactant uye polymer resin. Chitarisiko chayo chakareruka yeyero hupfu, isinganhuhwi kana kunhuwirira zvishoma. Inoumbwa ne80% polysaccharide D2 mannose uye D2 galactose ine 2∀1 yakakwira molecular polymer kuumbwa. Yayo 1% aqueous solution ine viscosity ye4000 ~ 5000mPas. Xanthan chingamu, inozivikanwawo se xanthan chingamu, ndeye anionic polymer polysaccharide polymer inogadzirwa nekuviriswa kwe sitachi. Inonyungudika mumvura inotonhora kana mvura inopisa, asi isinganyunguriki mune zvakajairika organic solvents. Chimiro che xanthan gum ndechokuti inogona kuchengetedza yunifomu viscosity pakupisa kwe 0 ~ 100, uye ichiri nehupamhi hwepamusoro pane imwe nzvimbo yakaderera, uye ine hutano hwakanaka hwekupisa. ), ichiri nekunyungudika kwakanakisa uye kugadzikana, uye inogona kuenderana neyakagadzika munyu mune mhinduro, uye inogona kuburitsa yakakosha synergistic mhedzisiro kana yakashandiswa ne polyacrylic acid thickeners. Chitin chigadzirwa chechisikigo, glucosamine polymer, uye cationic thickener.
Sodium alginate (C6H7O8Na)n inonyanya kuumbwa nesodium munyu yealginic acid, iyo inoumbwa neL mannuronic acid (M unit) uye bD guluronic acid (G unit) yakabatanidzwa ne1,4 glycosidic bonds uye inoumbwa nezvikamu zvakasiyana zveGGGMMM zve. copolymers. Sodium alginate ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa thickener ye textile reactive dhayi kudhinda. Micheka yakadhindwa ine maitiro akajeka, mitsara yakajeka, kukwirira kwemavara emhando, yunifomu yemuvara wegoho, yakanaka permeability uye plastiki. Yakashandiswa zvakanyanya mukudhindwa kwekotoni, makushe, sirika, naironi uye mamwe machira.
synthetic polymer thickener
1. Chemical cross-linking synthetic polymer thickener
Synthetic thickeners pari zvino ndiyo inonyanya kutengeswa uye yakakura kwazvo mhando yezvigadzirwa pamusika. Mazhinji eaya makobvu mamicrochemical cross-linked polymers, asinganyungudike mumvura, uye anogona kungotora mvura kuzvimba kuita gobvu. Polyacrylic acid thickener inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kugadzira thickener, uye nzira dzayo dzekugadzira dzinosanganisira emulsion polymerization, inverse emulsion polymerization uye kunaya kwepolymerization. Rudzi urwu rwekukora rwakagadzirwa nekukurumidza nekuda kwekukurumidza kukora mhedzisiro, kudhura kwakaderera uye kushoma dosi. Parizvino, rudzi urwu rwekukobvu rwunoitwa polymerized nemamonomers matatu kana anopfuura, uye monomer huru inowanzova inonyungudika mumvura, senge acrylic acid, maleic acid kana maleic anhydride, methacrylic acid, acrylamide uye 2 acrylamide. 2-methyl propane sulfonate, nezvimwewo; yechipiri monoma inowanzova acrylate kana styrene; yechitatu monomer imonomer ine cross-linking effect, yakadai seN, N methylenebisacrylamide, butylene diacrylate ester kana dipropylene phthalate, nezvimwewo.
The thickening mechanism yepolyacrylic acid thickener ine marudzi maviri: neutralization thickening uye hydrogen bonding thickening. Neutralization uye kukora ndiko kumisa iyo acidic polyacrylic acid thickener ine alkali kuti ionize mamorekuru ayo uye kuburitsa mhosva dzisina kunaka pamwe neketani huru yepolymer, zvichitsamira pakuramba pakati pechaja dzepabonde imwe chete kusimudzira mamorekuru anotambanuka Vhura kugadzira network. chimiro kuti uwane thickening effect. Hydrogen bonding thickening ndeyekuti mamorekuru epolyacrylic acid anosanganiswa nemvura kuti agadzire ma hydration mamorekuru, obva asanganidzana nevanopa mahydroxyl seasina-ionic surfactants ane 5 kana kupfuura ethoxy groups. Kuburikidza neiyo imwechete-yepabonde electrostatic repulsion yecarboxylate ions, iyo molecular cheni inoumbwa. Iyo helical yekuwedzera inova tsvimbo-senge, zvekuti akamonereka mamorekuru cheni anosununguka muaqueous system kuti agadzire network network kuti iwane kukora. Yakasiyana polymerization pH kukosha, neutralizing agent uye molecular uremu zvine pesvedzero huru pakukora kweiyo thickening system. Uye zvakare, inorganic electrolytes inogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kukora kwerudzi urwu rwekukora, monovalent ions inogona kungoderedza kusimba kweiyo system, divalent kana trivalent ion haingoite kutetepa sisitimu, asiwo kuburitsa isinganyungudika mvura. Naizvozvo, kupikisa kwe electrolyte kwepolycarboxylate thickeners kwakashata zvikuru, izvo zvinoita kuti zvisakwanise kunyorera muminda yakadai sekushandiswa kwemafuta.
Mumaindasitiri anonyanya kushandiswa zvakanyanya semachira, petroleum exploration uye cosmetics, zvinodikanwa zvekuita zvemakobvu senge electrolyte resistance uye thickening performance zvanyanya. Iyo thickener inogadzirwa nemhinduro polymerization kazhinji ine yakaderera mamorekuru huremu, izvo zvinoita kuti kukora kuite kushoma uye kusakwanisa kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvemamwe maindasitiri maitiro. High molecular weight thickeners inogona kuwanikwa ne emulsion polymerization, inverse emulsion polymerization uye dzimwe nzira dzepolymerization. Nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwe electrolyte kushorwa kwe sodium munyu weboka re carboxyl, kuwedzera asiri-ionic kana cationic monomers uye monomers ane simba re electrolyte kuramba (senge monomers ane sulfonic asidhi mapoka) kune chikamu chepolymer inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya viscosity yeiyo thickener. Electrolyte kuramba kunoita kuti isangane nezvinodiwa muminda yemaindasitiri seyepamusoro oiri kudzoreredza. Kubva inverse emulsion polymerization yakatanga muna 1962, iyo polymerization yehuremu hwepamusoro polyacrylic asidhi uye polyacrylamide yanga ichitongwa neinverse emulsion polymerization. Yakagadzirwa nzira ye emulsion copolymerization yenitrogen-ine uye polyoxyethylene kana ayo alternating copolymerization ne polyoxypropylene polymerized surfactant, cross-linking agent uye acrylic acid monomer kugadzirira polyacrylic acid emulsion semukobvu, uye yakawana Good thickening anti-electroly effect, uye ine yakanaka anti-electroly. performance. Arianna Benetti et al. akashandisa nzira inverse emulsion polymerization kuti copolymerize acrylic asidhi, monomers ane sulfonic asidhi mapoka uye cationic monomers kugadzira thickener kuti zvizorwa. Nekuda kwekuunzwa kwe sulfonic acid mapoka uye quaternary ammonium munyu ine yakasimba anti-electrolyte kugona mune yakakora chimiro, iyo yakagadzirwa polima ine yakanakisa kukora uye anti-electrolyte zvivakwa. Martial Pabon et al. yakashandisa inverse emulsion polymerization kucopolymerize sodium acrylate, acrylamide uye isooctylphenol polyoxyethylene methacrylate macromonomers kugadzirira hydrophobic association mvura-soluble thickener. Charles A. etc. akashandisa acrylic acid uye acrylamide secomonomers kuti awane yakakwirira molecular weight thickener by inverse emulsion polymerization. Zhao Junzi nevamwe vakashandisa solution polymerization uye inverse emulsion polymerization kugadzira hydrophobic association polyacrylate thickeners, uye vakaenzanisa maitiro epolymerization uye kuita kwechigadzirwa. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti, kana ichienzaniswa nemhinduro yepolymerization uye inverse emulsion polymerization ye acrylic asidhi uye stearyl acrylate, iyo hydrophobic association monomer synthesized kubva ku acrylic acid uye mafuta edoro polyoxyethylene ether inogona kuvandudzwa ne inverse emulsion polymerization uye acrylic acid copolymerization. Electrolyte kuramba kwe thickeners. Iye Ping akakurukura nyaya dzinoverengeka dzine chekuita nekugadzirira kwepolyacrylic acid thickener ne inverse emulsion polymerization. Mubepa iri, iyo amphoteric copolymer yakashandiswa seyakagadzikana uye methylenebisacrylamide yakashandiswa sechinhu chinosanganisa kutanga ammonium acrylate ye inverse emulsion polymerization kugadzirira yakakwira-performance thickener ye pigment kudhinda. Mhedzisiro yeakasiyana anodzikamisa, ekutanga, macomonomers uye cheni ekufambisa maajenti pane polymerization akadzidzwa. Zvinotaridzwa kuti copolymer yelauryl methacrylate uye acrylic acid inogona kushandiswa seyakagadzikana, uye maviri ekutanga redox, benzoyldimethylaniline peroxide uye sodium tert-butyl hydroperoxide metabisulfite, anogona kutanga polymerization uye kuwana imwe viscosity. white pulp. Uye zvinotendwa kuti munyu kuramba weammonium acrylate copolymerized isingasviki 15% acrylamide inowedzera.
2. Hydrophobic association synthetic polymer thickener
Kunyangwe makemikari akayambuka-akabatanidzwa polyacrylic acid thickeners ave achishandiswa zvakanyanya, kunyangwe kuwedzera kwemamonomers ane sulfonic asidhi mapoka kune iyo thickener kuumbwa kunogona kuvandudza mashandiro ayo anti-electrolyte, kuchine akawanda akakora erudzi urwu. Kukanganisa, senge murombo thixotropy weiyo thickening system, etc. Iyo yakagadziridzwa nzira ndeyekuunza mashoma mashoma emapoka e-hydrophobic mune yayo hydrophilic main chain kuti agadzirise hydrophobic associative thickeners. Hydrophobic associative thickeners ichangobva kugadzirwa thickeners mumakore achangopfuura. Kune hydrophilic zvikamu uye lipophilic mapoka mune molecular chimiro, anoratidza chimwe chiitiko chepamusoro. Associative thickeners ane zviri nani kuramba munyu pane asiri-associative thickeners. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kushamwaridzana kwemapoka e-hydrophobic kunopesana nemaitiro ekupeta anokonzerwa neion-shielding effect, kana steric barriers inokonzerwa nerebepa side cheni inoderedza ion-shielding effect. Iyo yekudyidzana mhedzisiro inobatsira kuvandudza rheology yeiyo thickener, iyo inoita basa rakakura mukuita chaiko kwekushandisa. Pamusoro peiyo hydrophobic associative thickeners ane zvimwe zvimiro zvakataurwa mumabhuku, Tian Dating et al. zvakare yakashuma kuti hexadecyl methacrylate, imwe hydrophobic monoma ine cheni refu, yakanga copolymerized ne acrylic asidhi kugadzirira associative thickeners inoumbwa binary copolymers. Synthetic thickener. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti imwe huwandu hwekuyambuka-inobatanidza monomers uye hydrophobic refu-cheni monomers inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya viscosity. Mhedzisiro yehexadecyl methacrylate (HM) muhydrophobic monomer yakakura kupfuura yelauryl methacrylate (LM). Kuita kweassociative crosslinked thickeners ine hydrophobic refu-chain monomers iri nani pane iyo yeasina-associative crosslinked thickeners. Pahwaro uhwu, boka rekutsvagisa rakagadzirawo associative thickener ine acrylic acid/acrylamide/hexadecyl methacrylate terpolymer ne inverse emulsion polymerization. Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti zvose hydrophobic association ye cetyl methacrylate uye iyo isiri-ionic mhedzisiro yepropionamide inogona kuvandudza kukora kwekuita kweiyo thickener.
Hydrophobic association polyurethane thickener (HEUR) yakagadziridzwawo zvikuru mumakore achangopfuura. Zvakanakira hazvisi nyore kuita hydrolyze, yakagadzikana viscosity uye yakanakisa kuvaka kwekuita mumhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa senge pH kukosha uye tembiricha. Iyo yekukora mashandiro e polyurethane thickeners inonyanya kukonzerwa neayo matatu-block polymer chimiro muchimiro che lipophilic-hydrophilic-lipophilic, zvekuti cheni inopera ari lipophilic mapoka (kazhinji aliphatic hydrocarbon mapoka), uye yepakati ndeyeMvura-soluble hydrophilic. chikamu (kazhinji chepamusoro molecular uremu polyethylene glycol). Mhedzisiro ye hydrophobic yekupedzisira yeboka saizi pane thickening mhedzisiro yeHEUR yakadzidzwa. Ichishandisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekuyedza, polyethylene glycol ine huremu hwemamorekuru hwe4000 yakavharwa neoctanol, dodecyl doro uye octadecyl doro, uye ichienzaniswa neboka rega rega rehydrophobic. Micelle saizi yakaumbwa neHEUR mune aqueous solution. Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti mapfupi e-hydrophobic maketani akange asina kukwana kuti HEUR igadzire hydrophobic micelles uye iyo thickening mhedzisiro yakanga isiri yakanaka. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuenzanisa stearyl doro uye lauryl doro-yakapera polyethylene glycol, ukuru hwemicelles yekare yakakura zvikuru kupfuura iyo yekupedzisira, uye inogumiswa kuti yakareba hydrophobic chain segment ine zviri nani thickening effect.
Main application nzvimbo
Kudhinda uye Kudhaya Textile
Kudhinda kwakanaka uye kunaka kwemavara uye pigment kudhinda kunoenderana zvakanyanya nekuita kwekudhinda paste, uye kuwedzera kwe thickener kunoita basa rakakosha mukuita kwayo. Kuwedzera thickener kunogona kuita kuti chigadzirwa chakadhindwa chive nemhando yepamusoro yegoho, yakajeka kudhinda chinyorwa, kupenya uye kuzere ruvara, uye kunatsiridza permeability uye thixotropy yechigadzirwa. Kare, starch yechisikigo kana sodium alginate yainyanya kushandiswa seyakakora yekudhinda paste. Nekuda kwekuomerwa kwekugadzira paste kubva pachisikigo starch uye mutengo wepamusoro wesodium alginate, zvishoma nezvishoma inotsiviwa ne acrylic kudhinda uye dhayi thickeners. Anionic polyacrylic acid ine yakanyanya kukora mhedzisiro uye parizvino ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa kukora, asi rudzi urwu rwekukora ruchine hurema, senge electrolyte resistance, color paste thixotropy, uye goho remavara panguva yekudhinda. Avhareji haina kunaka. Iyo yakagadziridzwa nzira ndeyekuunza mashoma mashoma emapoka e-hydrophobic mune yayo hydrophilic main cheni yekubatanidza associative thickeners. Parizvino, kudhinda thickeners mumusika wepamba inogona kukamurwa kuita yakasikwa thickeners, emulsification thickeners uye synthetic thickeners maererano akasiyana mbishi zvinhu uye nzira dzekugadzirira. Yakawanda, nekuti iyo yakasimba yemukati inogona kunge yakakwira kupfuura 50%, iyo thickening mhedzisiro yakanaka kwazvo.
pendi yemvura
Kuwedzera zvakakora kune pende kunogona kunyatso shandura maitiro emvura ependi system uye kuita kuti thixotropic, nokudaro kupa pende nekugadzikana kwakanaka kwekuchengetedza uye kushanda. Iyo thickener ine hunyanzvi hwekuita inogona kuwedzera viscosity yekupfeka panguva yekuchengetedza, inhibisa kupatsanurwa kwejasi, uye kuderedza viscosity panguva yekumhanya-kumhanya, kuwedzera viscosity yeiyo bhaisikopo rekuvhara mushure mekuputira, uye kudzivirira kuitika kwekudonha. Chinyakare pendi makobvu anowanzo shandisa mvura-soluble polymers, senge yakakwira-molecular hydroxyethyl cellulose. Uye zvakare, polymeric thickeners inogona zvakare kushandiswa kudzora hunyoro kuchengetedza panguva yekuputira zvigadzirwa zvemapepa. Kuvapo kwezvikobvu kunogona kuita kuti pamusoro pepepa rakaputirwa rive rakapfava uye riwedzere yunifomu. Kunyanya iyo swellable emulsion (HASE) thickener ine anti-splash performance uye inogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nemamwe marudzi ehukobvu kuderedza zvakanyanya kuoma kwepamusoro pepepa rakaputirwa. Semuenzaniso, latex pendi inowanzosangana nedambudziko rekuparadzaniswa kwemvura panguva yekugadzira, kutakura, kuchengetedza, nekuvaka. Kunyange zvazvo kupatsanurwa kwemvura kunogona kunonoka nekuwedzera viscosity uye dispersibility yepende ye latex, kugadzirisa kwakadaro kunowanzove kwakaganhurirwa, uye kunonyanya kukosha Kana kuburikidza nechisarudzo che thickener uye kuenzanisa kwayo kugadzirisa dambudziko iri.
kubviswa kwemafuta
Mukutsvaga kwemafuta, kuitira kuti uwane goho rakakwirira, conductivity yeimwe mvura (yakadai se hydraulic power, etc.) inoshandiswa kuputsa mvura yemvura. Mvura iyi inonzi fracturing fluid kana fracturing fluid. Chinangwa chekuputsika ndechekugadzira fractures nehumwe hukuru uye conductivity mukuumbwa, uye kubudirira kwayo kwakanyatsoenderana nekushanda kwemvura inoputika inoshandiswa. Zvinwiwa zvinoputika zvinosanganisira mvura-based fracturing fluids, mafuta-based fracturing fluids, doro-based fracturing fluids, emulsified fracturing fluids, uye furo fracturing fluid. Pakati pavo, mvura-based fracturing fluid ine zvakanakira mutengo wakaderera uye kuchengetedzwa kwakanyanya, uye parizvino ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa. Thickener ndiyo inonyanya kuwedzera mumvura-based fracturing fluid, uye kusimukira kwayo kwapfuura ingangoita hafu yezana ramakore, asi kuwana fracturing fluid thickener nekuita zvirinani kwagara kuri tsvakiridzo yenyanzvi dzekumba nekune dzimwe nyika. Kune akawanda marudzi emvura-based fracturing fluid polymer thickeners anoshandiswa parizvino, ayo anogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zviviri: natural polysaccharides uye zvinobva zvawo uye synthetic polymers. Nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza tekinoroji yekuchera mafuta uye nekuwedzera kwekuoma kwemugodhi, vanhu vanoisa mberi zvitsva uye zvepamusoro zvinodiwa zvekupwanya fluid. Nekuti ivo vanochinjika kune yakaoma kuumbwa nharaunda pane yakasikwa polysaccharides, synthetic polymer thickeners ichaita basa rakakura mukupisa-kudzika kwetsime kutsemuka.
Mazuva ese Kemikari uye Chikafu
Parizvino, kune marudzi anopfuura mazana maviri emakobvu anoshandiswa muindasitiri yemakemikari yemazuva ese, kunyanya kusanganisira inorganic munyu, masurfactants, mapolymer anonyungudika nemvura uye madoro ane mafuta / mafuta acids. Iwo anonyanya kushandiswa mu detergents, cosmetics, mazino uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa. Mukuwedzera, thickeners zvakare anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yezvekudya. Iwo anonyanya kushandiswa kuvandudza uye kudzikamisa zvimiro zvemuviri kana mafomu echikafu, kuwedzera viscosity yechikafu, kupa chikafu chinonamira uye chinonaka kuravira, uye kuita basa mukukora, kudzikamisa uye homogenizing. , emulsifying gel, masking, flavoring uye kutapira. Mashizha anoshandiswa muindasitiri yechikafu anosanganisira zvisikwa zvakakora zvakawanikwa kubva kumhuka nezvirimwa, pamwe nezvinogadzirwa zvakakora seCMCNa uye propylene glycol alginate. Uye zvakare, thickeners zvakare akashandiswa zvakanyanya mukurapa, kugadzira mapepa, ceramics, kugadzirwa kwematehwe, electroplating, nezvimwe.
2.Inorganic thickener
Inorganic thickeners zvinosanganisira makirasi maviri ehuremu hwemamorekuru uye huremu hwepamusoro hwemamorekuru, uye maremu ehuremu akaderera ndiwo anokonzeresa aqueous emunyu uye surfactants. Iyo inorganic salts inoshandiswa pari zvino inosanganisira sodium chloride, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium phosphate uye pentasodium triphosphate, pakati peiyo sodium chloride uye ammonium chloride zvine zviri nani kukora mhedzisiro. Nheyo inokosha ndeyokuti ma surfactants anoumba micelles mumvura ine mvura, uye kuvapo kwe electrolytes kunowedzera huwandu hwemamicelles akabatana, zvichiita kuti kushandurwa kwema spherical micelles kuita micelles yetsvimbo, kuwedzera kuramba kwekufamba, uye nokudaro kuwedzera viscosity yehurongwa. . Nekudaro, kana iyo electrolyte yakawandisa, inokanganisa chimiro chemicellar, inoderedza kushomeka kwekufamba, uye nokudaro kuderedza viscosity yehurongwa, iyo inonzi inonzi salting-out effect.
Inorganic high molecular weight thickeners inosanganisira bentonite, attapulgite, aluminium silicate, sepiolite, hectorite, etc. Pakati pavo, bentonite ine inonyanya kukosha yekutengeserana. Iyo main thickening mechanism inoumbwa nethixotropic gel minerals inozvimba nekunwa mvura. Aya maminerari anowanzo ane dhizaini kana yakawedzera latice chimiro. Kana yakaparadzirwa mumvura, iyo simbi yesimbi iri mairi inopararira kubva kune lamellar crystals, inoputika nekufambira mberi kwe hydration, uye pakupedzisira inoparadzanisa zvachose kubva kune lamellar crystals kuti iite colloidal suspension. mvura. Panguva ino, pamusoro pelamellar crystal ine mhosva isina kunaka, uye makona ayo ane zvishoma zvishoma zvekuchaja zvakanaka nekuda kwekuonekwa kwema lattice fracture surfaces. Mumushonga wakanyoroveswa, mhosva dzisina kunaka pamusoro pepamusoro dzakakura kudarika zvikwereti zvakanaka pamakona, uye zvimedu zvinodzingirirana pasina kuwedzera. Zvisinei, nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemagetsi e electrolyte, mutero uri pamusoro pelamellae unoderera, uye kupindirana pakati pezvikamu zvinoshanduka kubva kune simba rinopikisa pakati pe lamellae kusvika kune simba rinokwezva pakati pemhosva dzisina kunaka pamusoro pelamellae uye yakanaka. machaji kumakona emakona. Vertical cross-linked together to form the house of cards structure, zvichiita kuti kuzvimba kubudise gel kuti riite thickening effect. Panguva ino, iyo inorganic gel inonyungudika mumvura kuti iite yakanyanya thixotropic gel. Mukuwedzera, bentonite inogona kuumba hydrogen zvisungo mukugadzirisa, iyo inobatsira pakuumbwa kwematatu-dimensional network structure. Iyo inorganic gel hydration thickening uye kadhi imba kuumbwa inoratidzwa mune schematic dhayagiramu 1. Kupindirana kwemapolymerized monomers kune montmorillonite kuwedzera interlayer spacing, uyezve in-situ intercalation polymerization pakati pezvikamu zvinogona kugadzira polymer/montmorillonite organic-Inorganic hybrid. thickener. Polymer cheni inogona kupfuura nepakati pemonmorillonite mashiti kuumba polymer network. Kekutanga, Kazutoshi et al. yakashandisa sodium-based montmorillonite semuchinjika-inobatanidza mumiriri kuunza polymer system, uye yakagadzirira montmorillonite muchinjika-yakabatana tembiricha-inonzwa hydrogel. Liu Hongyu et al. yakashandisa sodium-based montmorillonite semuchinjika-inobatanidza mumiriri kugadzira rudzi rutsva rwekukora ine yakakwira anti-electrolyte performance, uye yakaedza kukora mashandiro uye anti-NaCl uye kumwe kuita kwe electrolyte kwecomposite thickener. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti Na-montmorillonite-crosslinked thickener ine yakanakisa anti-electrolyte zvivakwa. Pamusoro pezvo, kune zvakare inorganic uye mamwe organic compound thickeners, akadai seyakagadzirwa thickener yakagadzirwa naM.Chtourou uye mamwe organic derivatives yeammonium munyu uye Tunisia ivhu re montmorillonite, iyo ine yakanaka thickening mhedzisiro.
Nguva yekutumira: Jan-11-2023