Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) yakakosha cellulose inotorwa ine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa mumaindasitiri mazhinji. Iyo ine yakanakisa yemuviri uye makemikari zvimiro, yakaderera toxicity, uye kushamwaridzana kwezvakatipoteredza.
1. Zvinhu zvakakosha zveHPMC
Chimiro chemakemikari uye zvinhu zvemuviri
HPMC is a non-ionic cellulose ether inowanikwa nekemikari kugadziriswa kwechisikigo cellulose. Chimiro chayo chakakosha chine mayuniti eglucose, ayo anoumbwa nekutsiva mamwe mapoka ehydroxyl nehydroxypropyl uye methyl mapoka. Chimiro chayo chemuviri chinowanzo chena kana zvishoma yero poda, iyo inonyungudika nyore mumvura inotonhora uye inopisa kuti iite inoonekera kana zvishoma turbid viscous mhinduro.
Molecular uremu: HPMC ine huwandu hwakawanda hwehuremu hwemamorekuru, kubva pakaderera molecular uremu (senge 10,000 Da) kune yakakwira molecular uremu (senge 150,000 Da), uye maitiro ayo uye mashandisirwo anochinjawo zvinoenderana.
Solubility: HPMC inoumba colloidal mhinduro mumvura inotonhora, asi isinganyunguriki mune zvimwe organic solvents, uye ine yakanaka solubility uye kugadzikana.
Viscosity: Viscosity chinhu chakakosha cheHPMC, chinokanganiswa nehuremu hwemamorekuru uye rudzi uye nhamba yezvinotsiva. High-viscosity HPMC inowanzo shandiswa seyakakora uye inodzikamisa, nepo yakaderera-viscosity HPMC inoshandiswa kuita firimu-kuumba uye bonding mabasa.
Kugadzikana kwemakemikari
HPMC ine kugadzikana kwemakemikari yakakwira, inogona kuramba kukukurwa kweasidhi, alkali uye zvakajairika organic zvinonyungudutsa, uye haisi nyore kuora kana kuderedza. Izvi zvinoibvumira kuchengetedza mabasa ayo munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzakaoma uye inokodzera zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushanda kwemaindasitiri.
Biocompatibility
Sezvo HPMC ichitorwa kubva kune yakasikwa cellulose uye yakagadziridzwa zvine mwero, ine yakanaka biocompatibility uye yakaderera chepfu. Nokudaro, inowanzoshandiswa mune zvekudya, mishonga uye zvizoro, kusangana nekuchengetedza zvinodiwa.
2. Kugadzirira nzira yeHPMC
Kugadzirira kweHPMC kunowanzo kukamurwa kuita matanho matatu:
Alkali kurapwa: natural cellulose inobatwa nealkali solution (kazhinji sodium hydroxide) kuti izvimbe uye kuwedzera reactivity yayo.
Etherification reaction: Pasi pemamiriro ealkaline, cellulose inopinda etherification reaction nemethyl chloride uye propylene oxide, ichiunza methyl uye hydroxypropyl mapoka kuti aumbe hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
Kucheneswa: Reaction byproducts uye zvakasara reagents zvinobviswa kuburikidza nekugeza, kusefa uye nekuomesa kuti uwane yakachena HPMC.
Nekudzora maitiro ekuita (senge tembiricha, nguva, reagent ratio, nezvimwewo), dhigirii rekutsiva uye huremu hwemamorekuru hweHPMC hunogona kugadziridzwa kuti uwane zvigadzirwa zvine akasiyana zvivakwa.
3. Nzvimbo dzekushandisa dzeHPMC
Zvishandiso zvekuvaka
Muindasitiri yekuvaka, HPMC inoshandiswa zvakanyanya musimende dhaka, zvigadzirwa zvegypsum, machira, nezvimwe. Mabasa ayo makuru anosanganisira:
Kukora uye kuchengetwa kwemvura: Mudhaka uye kupfekedza, HPMC inogona kuwedzera viscosity uye kuvandudza mashandiro ekuvaka, ichipa yakanaka kuchengetedza mvura uye kudzivirira shrinkage kuparuka.
Kuvandudza adhesion: Kusimbisa kunamatira pakati pedhaka uye substrate nekuvandudza kunaka kwekuvaka.
Kuvandudza zvivakwa zvekuvaka: Kuita kuti kuvakwa kwedhaka uye kukoira kuve nyore, kuwedzera nguva yakavhurika uye nekuvandudza kutsetseka kwepasi.
Pharmaceutical industry
Kushandiswa kweHPMC muindasitiri yemishonga kunonyanya kuratidzwa mukugadzirira kwezvinodhaka, kunyanya mahwendefa emuromo uye capsules:
Inodzorwa kuburitsa zvinhu: HPMC inowanzoshandiswa kugadzirira kudzorwa kuburitswa mapiritsi, uye kunonoka kuburitswa kwemishonga kunowanikwa nekugadzirisa chiyero chekuparara.
Mapiritsi anosunga: Mukugadzira piritsi, HPMC inogona kushandiswa sebhainda kupa yakakodzera piritsi kuomarara uye nguva yekuparara.
Firimu coating: inoshandiswa sechinhu chekuputira mahwendefa kudzivirira oxidation uye kunyungudika kwemwando kwezvinodhaka uye kunatsiridza kugadzikana kwezvinodhaka uye kutaridzika.
Indasitiri yezvokudya
HPMC inoshandiswa sechikafu chekuwedzera muindasitiri yechikafu, ichitamba basa rekuti thickener, emulsifier, stabilizer, nezvimwe.
Thickener: inoshandiswa mune zvigadzirwa zvemukaka, sosi, nezvimwewo kupa yakanakira manyoro uye kuravira.
Emulsifier: muzvinwiwa uye ice cream, inobatsira kugadzira yakagadzikana emulsified system.
Firimu rekare: mune zvihwitsi nemakeke, HPMC inoshandiswa kupfekedza uye kupenya kunatsiridza kutaridzika uye kuumbwa kwechikafu.
Cosmetics
Muzvizoro, HPMC inoshandiswa kugadzira emulsions, makirimu, gels, nezvimwewo:
Kukora uye kudzikamisa: muzvizoro, HPMC inopa viscosity yakakodzera uye kugadzikana, inovandudza manyorerwo uye kupararira.
Moisturizing: inogona kuumba jira rinonyorovesa pamusoro peganda kuti riwedzere kunyorova kwechigadzirwa.
Makemikari ezuva nezuva
HPMC inoshandiswawo muzvigadzirwa zvemakemikari zvemazuva ese, senge madhishi, zvigadzirwa zvekuchengeta munhu, nezvimwe.
Thickener: mune detergents, inowedzera viscosity yechigadzirwa kudzivirira stratification.
Suspending agent: inoshandiswa mukumiswa system kuti ipe kugadzikana kwakanaka kwekumisa.
4. Zvakanakira uye zvinonetsa zveHPMC
Zvakanakira
Versatility: HPMC ine mabasa akawanda uye inogona kutamba mabasa akasiyana mundima dzakasiyana, sekukora, kuchengetedza mvura, kudzikamisa, nezvimwe.
Biocompatibility: Yakaderera chepfu uye yakanaka biocompatibility inoita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa muchikafu nemushonga.
Yakanaka kwezvakatipoteredza: inotorwa kubva kune yakasikwa cellulose, biodegradable uye ine hushamwari.
Matambudziko
Mutengo: Kuenzaniswa nezvimwe zvekugadzira polymer zvinhu, HPMC ine mutengo wakakwira, izvo zvinogona kudzikamisa kushandiswa kwayo kwakapararira mune mamwe maapplication.
Maitiro ekugadzira: Iyo nzira yekugadzirira inosanganisira yakaoma makemikari maitiro uye matanho ekuchenesa, ayo anoda kunyatsodzorwa kuti ave nechokwadi chemhando yechigadzirwa.
5. Tarisiro yeramangwana
Nekufambira mberi kwesainzi uye tekinoroji, tarisiro yekushandiswa kweHPMC yakakura kwazvo. Nhungamiro dzekutsvaga dzemangwana dzinogona kusanganisira:
Kuvandudzwa kweHPMC yakagadziridzwa: Kuburikidza nekuchinja kwemakemikari uye tekinoroji yemubatanidzwa, HPMC inotorwa neakananga mabasa inogadzirwa kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa.
Green gadziriro yekugadzira: Tsvagurudza yakawedzera hushamwari nharaunda uye inoshanda maitiro ekugadzirira kuderedza mutengo wekugadzira uye mitoro yezvakatipoteredza.
Nzvimbo nyowani dzekushandisa: Ongorora mashandisirwo eHPMC mundima dzichiri kusimukira, senge biomaterials, inoshatisa kurongedza, nezvimwe.
Seyakakosha cellulose derivative, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ine yakanakisa yemuviri nemakemikari zvivakwa, nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekushandisa uye yakanaka biocompatibility. Mukuvandudza mune ramangwana, kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji uye kuwedzera kwekushandisa, HPMC inotarisirwa kutamba zvakasarudzika mundima dzakawanda uye kupa kukurudzira kutsva kwekusimudzira maindasitiri.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-25-2024