pfupiso
1. Wetting and dispersing agent
2. Defoamer
3. Mukobvu
4. Mafirimu-kugadzira zvinowedzera
5. Zvimwe zvinowedzera
Wetting and dispersing agent
Mvura-based coatings inoshandisa mvura sechinhu chinonyungudutsa kana kuparadzira, uye mvura ine dielectric yakakura nguva dzose, saka mabhati emvura anonyanya kusimbiswa ne electrostatic repulsion apo magetsi maviri akaputika.
Mukuwedzera, mumvura-based coating system, pane kazhinji mapolymers uye asiri-ionic surfactants, ayo adsorbed pamusoro peiyo pigment filler, achigadzira steric chipingamupinyi uye kudzikamisa kupararira. Nokudaro, pendi-based pendi uye emulsions inowana migumisiro yakagadzikana kuburikidza nekubatana kwekuita kwe electrostatic repulsion uye steric hindrance. Kukanganisa kwayo kushomeka kwemagetsi emagetsi, kunyanya kune epamusoro-mutengo electrolytes.
1.1 Wetting agent
Wetting agents for coatings emvura akakamurwa kuita anionic uye nonionic.
Iko kusanganiswa kwewetting agent uye dispersing agent inogona kuwana mhedzisiro yakanaka. Huwandu hwekunyorovesa agent kazhinji hushoma pachuru. Mhedzisiro yaro yakaipa inopupuma uye inoderedza kushorwa kwemvura kwefirimu yekuputira.
Imwe yemaitiro ekunyorova maajenti ndeyekutsiva zvishoma nezvishoma polyoxyethylene alkyl (benzene) phenol ether (APEO kana APE) wetting agents, nekuti zvinotungamira kuderedzwa kwehomoni dzechirume mumakonzo uye zvinokanganisa endocrine. Polyoxyethylene alkyl (benzene) phenol ethers inoshandiswa zvakanyanya se emulsifiers panguva yeemulsion polymerization.
Twin surfactants zvakare zviitiko zvitsva. Iwo maviri amphiphilic mamorekuru akabatanidzwa ne spacer. Chinhu chinonyanya kucherechedzwa chetwin-cell surfactants ndechekuti yakakosha micelle concentration (CMC) inopfuura kurongeka kwehukuru hwakaderera pane iya ye "single-cell" surfactants, inoteverwa nehunyanzvi hwepamusoro. Zvakadai seTEGO Twin 4000, iri mapatya sero siloxane surfactant, uye ine furo risina kugadzikana uye rinobvisa furo zvinhu.
1.2 Dissperant
Madispersants ependi yelatex akakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvina: phosphate dispersants, polyacid homopolymer dispersants, polyacid copolymer dispersants uye mamwe anoparadzira.
Iyo inonyanya kushandiswa phosphate dispersants ndeye polyphosphates, yakadai se sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate (Calgon N, chigadzirwa cheBK Giulini Chemical Company muGermany), potassium tripolyphosphate (KTPP) uye tetrapotassium pyrophosphate (TKPP).
Iyo nzira yekuita kwayo ndeyekudzikamisa electrostatic repulsion kuburikidza nehydrogen bonding uye kemikari adsorption. Kubatsira kwayo ndeyekuti dosi yakadzikira, ingangoita 0.1%, uye ine yakanaka yekuparadzira maitiro pane inorganic pigments uye mafirita. Asi zvakare pane zvikanganiso: iyo, pamwe nekusimudza kwepH kukosha uye tembiricha, polyphosphate iri nyore hydrolyzed, inokonzera kugadzikana kwekuchengetedza kwenguva refu kwakaipa; Kunyungudika kusina kukwana mukati kunokanganisa kupenya kwependi yelatex inopenya.
1 Phosphate dispersant
Phosphate ester dispersants inodzikamisa pigment dispersions, kusanganisira reactive pigments senge zinc oxide. Mukugadzira pendi ye gloss, inovandudza kupenya uye kuchena. Kusiyana nezvimwe zvinonyorovesa uye zvinoparadzira zvinowedzera, kuwedzera kwephosphate ester dispersants hakukanganise KU uye ICI viscosity yekupfeka.
Polyacid homopolymer dispersant, senge Tamol 1254 uye Tamol 850, Tamol 850 ihomopolymer yemethacrylic acid.
Polyacid copolymer dispersant, yakadai seOrotan 731A, inova copolymer ye diisobutylene uye maleic acid. Hunhu hwemhando mbiri idzi dzekuparadzira ndedzekuti dzinoburitsa adsorption yakasimba kana kuti anchoring pamusoro pepigment uye mafirita, ane macheni akareba emu molecular kuita steric hindrance, uye ane kunyungudika kwemvura pamagumo echeni, uye mamwe anowedzerwa ne electrostatic repulsion to. kuwana migumisiro yakagadzikana. Kuita kuti dispersibility ive yakanaka dispersibility, huremu hwema molecular hunofanirwa kunyatsodzorwa. Kana huremu hwema molecular hwakanyanya kudiki, pachava nekusakwana steric chipingamupinyi; kana molecular huremu hwakanyanya, flocculation ichaitika. Kune polyacrylate dispersants, yakanakisa dispersion mhedzisiro inogona kuwanikwa kana dhigirii repolymerization iri 12-18.
Mamwe marudzi ezvinoparadzira, akadai seAMP-95, ane zita remakemikari re2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol. Iro boka reamino rinoshambadzirwa pamusoro pezvinhu zvisingasviki, uye boka re hydroxyl rinowedzera kusvika kumvura, iyo inoita basa rekudzikamisa kuburikidza nekudzivisa steric. Nekuda kwehukuru hwayo hudiki, steric chipingamupinyi chinogumira. AMP-95 inonyanya kuita pH regulator.
Mumakore achangopfuura, tsvakiridzo yevanoparadzira yakakunda dambudziko rekuyerera kunokonzerwa nehupamhi hwema molecular uremu, uye kuvandudzwa kwehuremu hwemamorekuru ndeimwe yemaitiro. Semuyenzaniso, iyo yakakwira molecular weight dispersant EFKA-4580 inogadzirwa neemulsion polymerization yakanyatso gadzirwa kune mvura-based maindasitiri coatings, akakodzera organic uye inorganic pigment dispersion, uye ine yakanaka yekudzivirira mvura.
Mapoka emaamino ane hukama hwakanaka kune akawanda pigment kuburikidza ne acid-base kana hydrogen bonding. Iyo block copolymer dispersant ine aminoacrylic acid sezvo boka rekumisa rakateererwa.
2 Dispersant ine dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate seboka rinomisa
Tego Dispers 655 yekunyorovesa uye yekuparadzira yekuwedzera inoshandiswa mumotokari pendi yemvura kwete chete kutarisisa pigment asiwo kudzivirira iyo aluminium poda kubva pakuita nemvura.
Nekuda kwekunetseka kwezvakatipoteredza, biodegradable wetting and dispersing agents akagadzirwa, seEnviroGem AE series twin-cell wetting and dispersing agents, ari pasi-anopupuma weti uye anoparadzira.
Defoamer
Kune akawanda marudzi echinyakare-based pendi defoamers, ayo anowanzo kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zvitatu: mineral oiri defoamers, polysiloxane defoamers uye mamwe madhiri.
Mineral oiri defoamers inowanzoshandiswa, kunyanya mumafurati uye semi-gloss latex pendi.
Polysiloxane defoamers ine yakaderera pasi tension, yakasimba defoaming uye antifoaming masimba, uye haikanganise gloss, asi kana ikashandiswa zvisina kunaka, inokonzeresa kuremara senge shrinkage yebhaisikopo rekuputira uye kusagona kudzoka zvakare.
Traditional mvura-based pendi defoamers haienderane nechikamu chemvura kuti iwane chinangwa chekusvibisa, saka zviri nyore kugadzira kuremara kwepamusoro mufirimu yekuputira.
Mumakore achangopfuura, ma molecular-level defoamers akagadzirwa.
Iyi antifoaming agent ipolymer inoumbwa nekubatanidza zvakananga antifoaming inoshanda zvinhu pane inotakura zvinhu. Iyo molecular cheni yepolymer ine wetting hydroxyl boka, defoaming inoshanda chinhu inogoverwa kutenderedza molecule, iyo inoshanda haisi nyore kuunganidza, uye kuenderana neiyo coating system yakanaka. Kwakadaro molecular-level defoamers zvinosanganisira mineral oils - FoamStar A10 series, silicon-containing - FoamStar A30 series, uye isiri-silicon, isiri-oiri polima - FoamStar MF series.
Iyi molecular-scale defoamer inoshandisa supergrafted star polymer sechinhu chisingaenderane nesurfactant uye yakawana mhedzisiro yakanaka mumashandisirwo ekuputira nemvura. Iyo Mhepo Zvigadzirwa molecular-giredhi defoamer yakataurwa naStout et al. is acetylene glycol-based foam control agent uye defoamer ine zvese zvekunyorova zvivakwa, senge Surfynol MD 20 uye Surfynol DF 37.
Pamusoro pezvo, kuitira kuzadzisa zvinodikanwa zvekugadzira zero-VOC coatings, kune zvakare VOC-isina defoamers, senge Agitan 315, Agitan E 255, nezvimwe.
thickener
Kune marudzi akawanda emakobvu, ari kushandiswa pari zvino icellulose ether uye zvinobva pairi zvinokora, associative alkali-swellable thickeners (HASE) uye polyurethane thickeners (HEUR).
3.1. Cellulose ether uye zvinobva kwayo
Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)yakatanga kugadzirwa mumaindasitiri neUnion Carbide Company muna 1932, uye ine nhoroondo yemakore anopfuura makumi manomwe.
Parizvino, iwo makubvu e cellulose ether uye zvinobva kune ayo anonyanya kusanganisira hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC), ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (EHEC), methyl hydroxypropyl Base cellulose (MHPC), methyl cellulose (MC) uye xanthan gum. zvichingodaro, izvi hazvisi-ionic thickeners, uye zvakare ndezvevasina hukama hwemvura chikamu thickeners. Pakati pavo, HEC ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mupende ye latex.
3.2 Alkali-swellable thickener
Alkali-swellable thickeners akakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri: non-associative alkali-swellable thickeners (ASE) uye associative alkali-swellable thickeners (HASE), ayo anionic thickeners. Isiri-yakabatana ASE ndeye polyacrylate alkali kuzvimba emulsion.
3.3. Polyurethane thickener uye hydrophobically modified isiri-polyurethane thickener
Polyurethane thickener, inonzi HEUR, iboka rehydrophobic-modified ethoxylated polyurethane mvura-soluble polymer, inova isiri-ionic associative thickener.
HEUR inoumbwa nezvikamu zvitatu: hydrophobic boka, hydrophilic chain uye polyurethane boka.
Iro hydrophobic boka rinoita basa rekubatana uye ndiyo inogadzirisa kukora, kazhinji oleyl, octadecyl, dodecylphenyl, nonylphenol, nezvimwe.
Nekudaro, dhigirii rekutsiviwa kwemapoka ehydrophobic kumigumo ese emamwe anotengeswa maHEUR akaderera pane 0.9, uye akanakisa i1.7 chete. Mamiriro ekuita anofanira kunyatsodzorwa kuti awane polyurethane thickener ine nhete yemamorekuru uremu kugovera uye kuita kwakagadzikana. Mazhinji HEUR anogadzirwa ne stepwise polymerization, saka inotengeswa inotengeswa maHEUR anowanzo musanganiswa wehupamhi hwemamorekuru huremu.
Pamusoro peiyo linear associative polyurethane thickeners yakatsanangurwa pamusoro, kune zvakare comb-senge associative polyurethane thickeners. Iyo inonzi comb association polyurethane thickener zvinoreva kuti pane pendant hydrophobic boka pakati peimwe neimwe thickener molecule. Makobvu akadai SCT-200 uye SCT-275 nezvimwe.
Kana uchiwedzera huwandu hwakajairwa hwemapoka e-hydrophobic, kune chete 2 end-capped hydrophobic mapoka, saka iyo synthesized hydrophobically modified amino thickener haina kunyanya kusiyana neHEUR, seOptiflo H 500, ona Mufananidzo 3.
Kana mamwe mapoka e-hydrophobic akawedzerwa, akadai seanosvika 8%, maitiro ekuita anogona kugadziriswa kuti abudise amino thickeners ane akawanda akavharidzirwa hydrophobic mapoka. Hongu, ichi zvakare chikohwe chemuzinga.
Iyi hydrophobic yakagadziridzwa amino thickener inogona kudzivirira kupenda viscosity kubva pakudonha nekuda kwekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwema surfactants uye glycol solvents kana kuwirirana kwemavara kunowedzerwa. Chikonzero ndechekuti mapoka akasimba e-hydrophobic anogona kudzivirira kupera, uye mapoka akawanda e-hydrophobic ane kushamwaridzana kwakasimba.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-26-2022