Abstract:Cellulose ether ndiyo inonyanya kuwedzera mudhaka yakagadzirira-yakasanganiswa. Mhando uye hunhu hwema cellulose ether anounzwa, uye hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether (HPMC) inosarudzwa seyekuwedzera yekudzidza zvine hungwaru pesvedzero yezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvedhaka. . Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti: HPMC inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuchengetwa kwemvura yedhaka, uye ine mhedzisiro yekudzikisa mvura. Panguva imwecheteyo, inogona zvakare kuderedza kuwanda kwemusanganiswa wedhaka, kurebesa nguva yekumisikidza yedhaka, uye kuderedza kushanduka uye kumanikidza simba redhaka.
Mazwi akakosha:yakagadzirira-yakasanganiswa dhaka; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether (HPMC); performance
0.Nhanganyaya
Mortar ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakanyanya kushandiswa muindasitiri yekuvaka. Nekuvandudzwa kwesainzi yezvinhu uye nekuvandudzwa kwezvinodiwa nevanhu pakuvaka mhando, dhaka rakagadzirika zvishoma nezvishoma kune kutengeserana sekusimudzira nekuvandudzwa kwekongiri yakasanganiswa. Kuenzaniswa nedhaka rakagadzirwa nehunyanzvi hwechinyakare, dhaka rinogadzirwa nekutengesa rine zvakawanda zviri pachena zvakanakira: (a) mhando yechigadzirwa chepamusoro; (b) kugadzirwa kwakanyanya; (c) kushomeka kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kwakanakira kuvaka kwakabudirira. Parizvino, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Beijing nemamwe maguta muChina akakurudzira dhaka rakagadzirwa, uye zviyero zveindasitiri zvinoenderana nemitemo yenyika zvakapihwa kana zvichapihwa munguva pfupi.
Kubva pakuona kwekuumbwa, musiyano mukuru pakati pedhaka rakagadzirwa-musanganiswa uye dhaka rechinyakare ndiko kuwedzera kwemakemikari admixtures, pakati peiyo cellulose ether ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa kemikisi musanganiswa. Cellulose ether inowanzoshandiswa sechinhu chinochengetedza mvura. Chinangwa ndechekuvandudza kushanda kwedhaka rakagadzirwa-yakasanganiswa. Nhamba ye cellulose ether iduku, asi ine simba guru pakushanda kwedhaka. Icho chinowedzera chikuru chinokanganisa kushanda kwekuvaka kwedhaka. Nokudaro, kuwedzera kunzwisiswa kwekukanganiswa kwemhando uye maitiro ekugadzirisa cellulose ether pakushanda kwesamende dhaka kuchabatsira kusarudza nekushandisa cellulose ether zvakarurama uye kuvimbisa kushanda kwakagadzikana kwedhaka.
1. Mhando uye maitiro ezvimiro zve cellulose ethers
Cellulose ether imvura inonyungudika yepolymer zvinhu, iyo inogadziriswa kubva kune yakasikwa cellulose kuburikidza nealkali dissolution, grafting reaction (etherification), kugeza, kuomesa, kugaya uye mamwe maitiro. Cellulose ethers yakakamurwa kuita ionic uye nonionic, uye ionic cellulose ine carboxymethyl cellulose munyu. Nonionic cellulose inosanganisira hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, methyl cellulose ether nezvimwe zvakadaro. Nekuti ionic cellulose ether (carboxymethyl cellulose munyu) haina kugadzikana pamberi pe calcium ions, haiwanzo shandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvehupfu dzakaoma ne simenti, slaked lime uye zvimwe zvinhu zvekuisa simende. Iyo cellulose ethers inoshandiswa muupfu hwakaoma dhaka inonyanya hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether (HEMC) uye hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC), iyo inodarika 90% yemugove wemusika.
HPMC inoumbwa ne etherification reaction ye cellulose alkali activation kurapwa ne etherification agent methyl chloride uye propylene oxide. Mukuita etherification, boka rehydroxyl riri pamorekuru we cellulose rinotsiviwa nemethoxy) uye hydroxypropyl kuumba HPMC. Huwandu hwemapoka anotsiviwa neboka rehydroxyl pamorekuru we cellulose hunogona kuratidzwa nechiyero che etherification (inonziwo dhigirii rekutsiva). Iyo ether yeHPMC Chiyero chekuchinja kwemakemikari chiri pakati pe12 ne15. Nokudaro, kune mapoka anokosha akadai sehydroxyl (-OH), ether bond (-o-) uye anhydroglucose ring muhutano hweHPMC, uye mapoka aya ane chimwe chinhu. kukanganisa pakushanda kwedhaka .
2. Mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether pane zvinhu zvesamende dhaka
2.1 Raw materials yebvunzo
Cellulose ether: yakagadzirwa naLuzhou Hercules Tianpu Chemical Co., Ltd., viscosity: 75000;
Simende: Conch brand 32.5 giredhi composite simende; jecha: jecha riri pakati nepakati; kubhururuka madota: giredhi II.
2.2 Miedzo mhinduro
2.2.1 Mvura-inoderedza mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether
Kubva pahukama huri pakati pehutano hwedhaka uye zvinyorwa zve cellulose ether pasi peyero imwechete yekusanganiswa, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kuwirirana kwedhaka kunowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma nekuwedzera kwezvinyorwa zve cellulose ether. Kana iyo dosage iri 0.3 ‰, kuwirirana kwedhaka kunenge 50% yakakwirira kupfuura iyo isina kusanganiswa, iyo inoratidza kuti cellulose ether inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kushanda kwedhaka. Sezvo huwandu hwe cellulose ether hunowedzera, kushandiswa kwemvura kunogona kuderera zvishoma nezvishoma. Inogona kutaridzirwa kuti cellulose ether ine imwe nzira yekuderedza mvura.
2.2.2 Kuchengeta mvura
Kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka kunoreva kugona kwedhaka kuchengetedza mvura, uye zvakare indekisi yekuita kuyera kugadzikana kwezvikamu zvemukati zvesamende nyowani panguva yekufambisa uye kupaka. Kuchengetwa kwemvura kunogona kuyerwa nezviratidzo zviviri: dhigirii re stratification uye chiyero chekuchengetedza mvura, asi nekuda kwekuwedzerwa kwemvura inochengetedza mumiriri, kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka rakagadzirwa-yakasanganiswa kwakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya, uye dhigirii re stratification harina hanya zvakakwana. kuratidza musiyano. Muedzo wekuchengetedza mvura ndewekuverenga chiyero chekuchengetedza mvura nekuyera shanduko huru yebepa resefa risati rasangana nepepa resefa nenzvimbo yakatarwa yedhaka mukati menguva yakati. Nekuda kwekunaka kwemvura kunyura kwepepa resefa, kunyangwe kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka kwakakwira, pepa resefa rinogona kuramba richitora hunyoro mudhaka, saka. Mwero wekuchengetedza mvura unogona kunyatsoratidza kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka, iyo yakakwirira yehuwandu hwekuchengetedza mvura, zviri nani kuchengetedza mvura.
Kune nzira dzakawanda dzehunyanzvi dzekuvandudza kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka, asi kuwedzera cellulose ether ndiyo nzira inoshanda. Chimiro che cellulose ether chine hydroxyl uye ether bond. Maatomu eokisijeni ari pamapoka aya anodyidzana nemamorekuru emvura kuita mabhondi ehydrogen. Ita mamorekuru emvura emahara mumvura yakasungwa, kuitira kuti uite basa rakanaka mukuchengetedza mvura. Kubva pahukama huri pakati pehuwandu hwekuchengetedza mvura yedhaka uye zvinyorwa zve cellulose ether, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti mukati mehuwandu hwehuwandu hwekuedzwa, chiyero chekuchengetedza mvura yedhaka uye zvinyorwa zve cellulose ether zvinoratidza hukama hwakanaka hunoenderana. Iyo yakakwirira yemukati ye cellulose ether, iyo yakakura chiyero chekuchengetedza mvura. .
2.2.3 Density yemusanganiswa wedhaka
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva mumutemo wekuchinja wehuwandu hwemusanganiswa wedhaka nezviri mu cellulose ether kuti density yemusanganiswa wedhaka inoderera zvishoma nezvishoma nekuwedzera kwemukati we cellulose ether, uye kunyorova kwedhaka kana zviri mukati. iri 0.3‰o Yakadzikira nechikamu che17% (zvichienzaniswa nepasina musanganiswa). Pane zvikonzero zviviri zvekudzikira kwedhaka density: chimwe mhepo-entraining mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether. Iyo cellulose ether ine maalkyl mapoka, ayo anogona kuderedza simba repamusoro remushonga wemvura, uye kuva nemhepo-inopinza mhepo padhaka resimende, zvichiita kuti mhepo yedhaka iwedzere, uye kuoma kwefirimu rebubble rakakwirirawo kupfuura iro. yemvura yakachena mabhubhu, uye hazvisi nyore kubudisa; kune rumwe rutivi, iyo cellulose ether inowedzera mushure mekutora mvura uye inotora imwe vhoriyamu, iyo yakaenzana nekuwedzera mapores emukati edhaka, saka inoita kuti dhaka risanganise Density madonhwe.
Mhepo-entraining effect ye cellulose ether inovandudza kushanda kwedhaka kune rumwe rutivi, uye kune rumwe rutivi, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemukati wemhepo, chimiro chemuviri wakaoma chinosunungurwa, zvichikonzera kuipa kwekuderera. iyo mechanical properties yakadai sesimba.
2.2.4 Coagulation nguva
Kubva pahukama huri pakati penguva yekugadzika kwedhaka nehuwandu hweether, zvinogona kuoneka zvakajeka kuti cellulose ether ine mhedzisiro yekudzosera padhaka. Kuwanda kwedoseji, kunowedzera kuoneka kunonoka.
Iko kudzoreredza mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether inowirirana zvakanyanya nemaitiro ayo ekuumbwa. Cellulose ether inochengetedza chimiro chekutanga che cellulose, kureva kuti, anhydroglucose ring structure ichiripo mune molecular structure ye cellulose ether, uye anhydroglucose ring ndiyo inokonzera Iboka guru resamende retarding, iyo inogona kuumba shuga-calcium molecular. macompounds (kana macomplexes) ane calcium ions mucement hydration aqueous solution, iyo inoderedza calcium ion concentration mucement hydration induction period uye inodzivirira Ca (OH): Uye calcium salt crystal formation, precipitation, uye kunonotsa nzira ye simenti hydration.
2.2.5 Simba
Kubva pane simba re cellulose ether pane flexural uye compressive simba rematope, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti nekuwedzera kwezvinyorwa zve cellulose ether, 7-day uye 28-day flexural and compressive simba rematope zvose zvinoratidza kuderera.
Chikonzero chekuderera kwesimba redhaka chinogona kuverengerwa nekuwedzera kwemukati wemhepo, izvo zvinowedzera porosity yedhaka rakaoma uye inoita kuti chimiro chemukati chemuviri wakaoma chisununguke. Kuburikidza nekudzokorora kuongororwa kwehuwandu hwemvura uye kumanikidzika kwesimba redhaka, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti pane kuwirirana kwakanaka pakati pezviviri, kunyorova kwakaderera, simba rakaderera, uye zvinopesana, simba rakakwirira. Huang Liangen akashandisa hukama hwehukama pakati peporosity uye simba remuchina rakatorwa naRyskewith kuburitsa hukama pakati pesimba rekumanikidza redhaka rakasanganiswa ne cellulose ether uye zviri mukati me cellulose ether.
3. Mhedziso
(1) Cellulose ether inobva mu cellulose, ine hydroxyl,
Ether zvisungo, zvindori zveanhydroglucose uye mamwe mapoka, mapoka aya anokanganisa maitiro emuviri uye emagetsi edhaka.
(2) HPMC inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuchengetwa kwemvura yedhaka, kuwedzera nguva yekugadzika kwedhaka, kuderedza kuwanda kwemusanganiswa wedhaka uye kusimba kwemuviri wakaoma.
(3) Pakugadzira dhaka rakagadzirwa, cellulose ether inofanira kushandiswa zvine musoro. Gadzirisa hukama hunopokana pakati pekugona kushanda kwedhaka uye michina yemagetsi.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-20-2023