Cellulose ether, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mudhaka. Serudzi rwe etherified cellulose,cellulose etherine hukama hwemvura, uye musanganiswa uyu wepolymer une kunwisa mvura kwakanakisa uye kugona kuchengetedza mvura, izvo zvinokwanisa kugadzirisa kubuda kwedhaka, nguva pfupi yekuvhiya, kunamira, nezvimwewo. Kusakwana simba kwepfundo uye mamwe matambudziko mazhinji.
Nekuenderera mberi kuri kuita indasitiri yekuvaka yepasi rose uye nekuramba kuchidzika kwetsvakiridzo yezvivakwa zvekuvaka, kutengeswa kwedhaka kwave tsika isingarambiki. Nekuda kwezvakawanda zvakanakira izvo zvechinyakare dhaka risina, kushandiswa kwedhaka rekutengesa kwave kuwanda mumaguta makuru uye epakati nepakati munyika yangu. Nekudaro, dhaka rekutengesa richine matambudziko mazhinji ehunyanzvi.
Yakakwira fluidity dhaka, senge yekusimbisa dhaka, simende-based grouting zvinhu, nezvimwewo, nekuda kwehuwandu hwemvura inodzikisa agent inoshandiswa, inokonzeresa chiitiko chakakomba chekubuda ropa uye kukanganisa kushanda kwakazara kwedhaka; Inonyanya kuoma, uye inotarisana nekuderera kwakanyanya kwekushanda nekuda kwekurasikirwa kwemvura munguva pfupi mushure mekusanganiswa, izvo zvinoreva kuti nguva yekushanda ipfupi zvikuru; uyezve, kune dhaka rakasungirirwa, kana dhaka riine simba rakakwana rekuchengetedza mvura, huwandu hukuru hweMvura huchabatwa nematrix, zvichikonzera kushaikwa kwechikamu chemvura yedhaka rekubatanidza, uye nekudaro kusakwana kwemvura, zvichikonzera kuderera kwesimba uye. kuderera kwesimba rakabatana.
Mukuwedzera, admixtures sezvikamu zvinotsiva simende, zvakadai sedota renhunzi, granulated blast furnace slag poda (mineral powder), silica fume, nezvimwewo, ikozvino inonyanya kukosha. Sezvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri nemarara, kana musanganiswa usinga shandiswe zvizere, kuunganidza kwawo kunotora nekuparadza nzvimbo yakakura, uye kuchakonzera kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Kana admixtures akashandiswa zvine musoro, anogona kuvandudza zvimwe zvivakwa zvekongiri nedhaka, uye kugadzirisa matambudziko einjiniya ekongiri nedhaka mune mamwe maapplication. Naizvozvo, kushandiswa kwakakura kwema admixtures kunobatsira kune zvakatipoteredza uye maindasitiri mabhenefiti.
Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakaitwa kumba nekune dzimwe nyika pamusoro pemigumisiro ye cellulose ether uye admixtures padhaka, asi pachine kushayikwa kwehurukuro pamusoro pemigumisiro yekushandiswa kwekubatana kwezviviri.
Mupepa iri, zvakakosha zvakasanganiswa mudhaka, cellulose ether uye admixture zvinoshandiswa mudhaka, uye yakazara pesvedzero mutemo wezvikamu zviviri zviri mudhaka pane fluidity uye simba redhaka rinopfupikiswa kuburikidza nekuedza. Nekuchinja rudzi uye huwandu hwe cellulose ether uye admixtures muyedzo, pesvedzero pamvura uye simba redhaka rakaonekwa (mubepa rino, iyo test gelling system inonyanya kutora bhinary system). Kuenzaniswa neHPMC, CMC haina kukodzera kukora uye kuchengetedza mvura kurapwa kwesimende-yakavakirwa simende zvinhu. HPMC inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya fluidity ye slurry uye kuwedzera kurasikirwa nekufamba kwenguva panguva yakaderera dosage (pazasi 0.2%). Deredza kusimba kwemuviri wedhaka uye kuderedza iyo compression-to-peta reshiyo. Yakazara fluidity uye simba zvinodiwa, HPMC zvirimo muO. 1% inonyanya kukodzera. Mukutaura kwekusanganiswa, kubhururuka kwedota kune imwe mhedzisiro yekuwedzera fluidity ye slurry, uye simba re slag poda haisi pachena. Kunyange zvazvo silica fume inogona kunyatso dzikisa kubuda ropa, mvura yacho inogona kurasika zvakanyanya kana dosi iri 3%. . Mushure mekunyatsofungisisa, zvinogumiswa kuti kana dota rekubhururuka richishandiswa muvhu rekugadzira kana rakasimbiswa rine zvinodiwa zvekukurumidza kuomesa uye simba rekutanga, iyo dosage haifanirwe kunge yakanyanya kukwirira, iyo yakanyanya dosage inenge 10%, uye kana ichishandiswa kubatanidza. dhaka, inowedzerwa ku20%. ‰ anogonawo kuzadzisa zvinodiwa; tichifunga nezvezvinhu zvakadai sekushaya kugadzikana kwehuwandu hwemamineral powder uye silica fume, inofanira kudzorwa pasi pe10% uye 3% maererano. Migumisiro ye admixtures uye cellulose ethers yakanga isina kunyanya kuwirirana uye yakave nemigumisiro yakasununguka.
Pamusoro pezvo, tichitaura nezvedzidziso yesimba raFeret uye chikamu chebasa chezvakasanganiswa, bepa rino rinopa nzira itsva yekufanotaura yesimba rekumanikidza resimende-yakavakirwa zvinhu. Nokukurukurirana basa coefficient yemaminerari admixtures uye Feret simba dzidziso kubva vhoriyamu pfungwa uye tichiregeredza kudyidzana pakati siyana admixtures, nzira iyi inogumisa kuti admixtures, kushandiswa mvura uye aggregate kuumbwa vane zvakawanda zvinofurira kongiri. Iyo pesvedzero murairo we (dhaka) simba ine yakanaka kutungamira kukosha.
Kuburikidza nebasa riri pamusoro, bepa rino rinokwevera mamwe edzidziso uye anoshanda mhedziso nehumwe kukosha kwereferensi.
Keywords: cellulose ether,dhaka fluidity, kushanda, mineral admixture, kufungidzira kwesimba
Chitsauko 1 Nhanganyaya
1.1commodity mortar
1.1.1Nhanganyaya yedhaka rekutengesa
Muindasitiri yezvivakwa zvekuvaka munyika yangu, kongiri yakawana dhigirii rekutengesa, uye kushambadzira kwedhaka kuri kuramba kuchikwira, kunyanya kune akasiyana madhaka akakosha, vagadziri vane hunyanzvi hwepamusoro vanodiwa kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti madhaka akasiyana. Zviratidzo zvekushanda zvinokodzera. Dhaka rekutengesa rakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: dhaka rakagadzirira-yakasanganiswa uye yakaoma-yakasanganiswa dhaka. Yakagadzirira-yakasanganiswa dhaka inoreva kuti dhaka rinotakurwa kuenda kunzvimbo yekuvaka mushure mekusanganiswa nemvura nemutengesi pachine nguva maererano nezvinodiwa neprojekiti, nepo dhaka rakasanganiswa-yakaoma rinogadzirwa nemugadziri wedhaka nekuomesa-kusanganisa uye kurongedza cementitious zvinhu, aggregates uye additives maererano neimwe reshiyo. Wedzera huwandu hwemvura kunzvimbo yekuvaka uye sanganisa usati washandisa.
Traditional dhaka ine hutera hwakawanda mukushandisa nekuita. Semuenzaniso, kusungirirwa kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira uye pa-saiti kusanganiswa hakugone kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuvaka kwakabudirira uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza. Uye zvakare, nekuda kwenzvimbo yekuvaka mamiriro uye zvimwe zvikonzero, zviri nyore kuita kuti mhando yedhaka iome kuvimbisa, uye hazvigoneke kuwana kushanda kwepamusoro. dhaka. Kana ichienzaniswa nedhaka rechinyakare, dhaka rekutengesa rine zvimwe zvakanakira. Chekutanga, hunhu hwayo huri nyore kudzora uye kuvimbisa, kuita kwayo kwakanyanya, mhando dzayo dzakanatswa, uye inonangwa zvirinani kune zvinodiwa zveinjiniya. European dry-mixed mortar yakagadzirwa muma1950s, uye nyika yangu zvakare iri kutsigira nesimba kushandiswa kwedhaka rekutengesa. Shanghai yakatoshandisa dhaka rekutengesa muna 2004. Nekuenderera mberi kwekusimudzira kwemaitiro emaguta enyika yangu, zvishoma mumusika wemaguta, zvichange zvisingadzivisiki kuti dhaka rekutengeserana rine zvakanakira zvakasiyana richatsiva dhaka rechinyakare.
1.1.2Matambudziko aripo mudhaka rekutengesa
Kunyangwe dhaka rekutengesa riine zvakawanda zvakanaka pamusoro pedhaka rechinyakare, pachine akawanda ehunyanzvi matambudziko sedhaka. Yakakwira fluidity dhaka, senge yekusimbisa dhaka, simende-based grouting zvinhu, nezvimwewo, zvine zvakanyanyisa zvinodiwa pakusimba uye kuita basa, saka kushandiswa kwe superplasticizers kwakakura, izvo zvinokonzeresa kubuda ropa kwakanyanya uye kukanganisa dhaka. Comprehensive performance; uye kune mamwe madhaka epurasitiki, nekuti anonzwa zvakanyanya pakurasikirwa kwemvura, zviri nyore kuve nekudzikira kwakanyanya kwekushanda nekuda kwekurasikirwa kwemvura munguva pfupi mushure mekusanganiswa, uye nguva yekushanda ipfupi zvakanyanya: Mukuwedzera. , nokuti Panyaya yekubatanidza dhaka, iyo yekubatanidza matrix inowanzooma. Munguva yekuvaka, nekuda kwekusakwanisa kwedhaka kuchengetedza mvura, mvura yakawanda ichabatwa nematrix, zvichiita kuti kushayikwa kwemvura yemunharaunda yedhaka rekubatanidza uye kusakwana kwemvura. Chiitiko chekuti simba rinoderera uye simba rekunamatira rinoderera.
Mukupindura mibvunzo iri pamusoro apa, musanganiswa unokosha, cellulose ether, unoshandiswa zvakanyanya mudhaka. Serudzi rwe etherified cellulose, cellulose ether ine affinity yemvura, uye iyi polymer compound ine yakanakisa kupfekwa kwemvura uye kugona kuchengetedza mvura, iyo inogona kunyatsogadzirisa kubuda kwedhaka, kupfupi kuvhiyiwa nguva, kunamira, etc. Kusakwana kwepfundo simba uye zvimwe zvakawanda matambudziko.
Mukuwedzera, admixtures sezvikamu zvinotsiva simende, zvakadai sedota renhunzi, granulated blast furnace slag poda (mineral powder), silica fume, nezvimwewo, ikozvino inonyanya kukosha. Isu tinoziva kuti mazhinji ezvakasanganiswa zvinogadzirwa nemaindasitiri akadai sesimba remagetsi, simbi inonyungudutsa, inonyungudutsa ferrosilicon uye silicon yeindasitiri. Kana zvisingakwanisi kushandiswa zvizere, kuunganidzwa kwezvakasanganiswa kunotora uye kuparadza nzvimbo yakakura uye kukonzera kukanganisa kwakanyanya. kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Kune rimwe divi, kana masanganiswa akashandiswa zvine musoro, zvimwe zvivakwa zvekongiri nedhaka zvinogona kuvandudzwa, uye mamwe matambudziko einjiniya mukushandiswa kwekongiri nedhaka anogona kunyatsogadziriswa. Naizvozvo, kushandiswa kwakakura kwema admixtures kunobatsira kune zvakatipoteredza uye indasitiri. zvinobatsira.
1.2Cellulose ethers
Cellulose ether (cellulose ether) inhengo yepolymer ine ether chimiro chinogadzirwa ne etherification ye cellulose. Imwe neimwe glucosyl mhete mu cellulose macromolecules ine matatu hydroxyl mapoka, yekutanga hydroxyl boka pane yechitanhatu kabhoni atomu, yechipiri hydroxyl boka pane yechipiri neyechitatu kabhoni maatomu, uye iyo hydrogen muboka rehydroxyl inotsiviwa neboka rehydrocarbon kugadzira cellulose ether. derivatives. chinhu. Cellulose i polyhydroxy polymer compound isinganyungudike kana kunyunguduka, asi cellulose inogona kunyungudutswa mumvura, inonatsa alkali solution uye organic solvent mushure me etherification, uye ine imwe thermoplasticity.
Cellulose ether inotora yakasikwa cellulose seyakagadzirwa uye inogadzirwa nekugadziriswa kwemakemikari. Inokamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: ionic uye isiri-ionic mune ionized fomu. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumakemikari, petroleum, kuvaka, mushonga, ceramics uye mamwe maindasitiri. .
1.2.1Kurongwa kwe cellulose ethers yekuvaka
Cellulose ether yekuvaka inguva yakazara kune zvakatevedzana zvezvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa nekuita kwealkali cellulose uye etherifying agent mune mamwe mamiriro. Mhando dzakasiyana dzema cellulose ethers dzinogona kuwanikwa nekutsiva alkali cellulose nemamwe etherifying agents.
1. Maererano neiyo ionization yezvinhu zvinotsiva, cellulose ethers inogona kugoverwa muzvikamu zviviri: ionic (yakadai se carboxymethyl cellulose) uye isiri-ionic (yakadai semethyl cellulose).
2. Maererano nemhando dzezvinyorwa, cellulose ethers inogona kugoverwa kuva ethers imwe chete (yakadai semethyl cellulose) uye yakasanganiswa ethers (yakadai sehydroxypropyl methyl cellulose).
3. Maererano nekunyungudika kwakasiyana-siyana, yakakamurwa kuva mvura-inonyunguduka (yakadai sehydroxyethyl cellulose) uye organic solvent solubility (yakadai se ethyl cellulose), nezvimwewo. Mhando huru yekushandiswa mumatope yakaoma-yakasanganiswa imvura-inonyunguduka selulosi, nepo mvura. -soluble cellulose Iyo yakakamurwa kuita yekukurumidza mhando uye inononoka kupera mhando mushure mekurapa kwepamusoro.
1.2.2 Tsanangudzo yemaitiro ekuita kwe cellulose ether mudhaka
Cellulose ether ndiyo yakakosha musanganiswa wekuvandudza mvura yekuchengetedza zvivakwa zvevhu rakaoma-yakavhenganiswa dhaka, uye zvakare iri imwe yeakakosha admixtures kuona mutengo wezvakaoma-musanganiswa wedhaka zvinhu.
1. Mushure mokunge cellulose ether mudhaka yakanyungudutswa mumvura, basa rakasiyana-siyana repamusoro rinoita kuti simiti iite zvakanaka uye yakapararira mu slurry system, uye cellulose ether, se colloid inodzivirira, inogona "kuvhara" zvimedu zvakasimba, Nokudaro. , firimu rekuzora rinoumbwa pamusoro pekunze, uye firimu rekuzora rinogona kuita kuti muviri wevhu uve nemwaritropy yakanaka. Kureva kuti, vhoriyamu inenge yakagadzikana mumamiriro akamira, uye hapazovi nezviitiko zvakashata zvakadai sekubuda ropa kana stratification yechiedza uye inorema zvinhu, izvo zvinoita kuti dhaka rigadzikane; panguva yekushungurudzika kwekuvaka mamiriro, iyo cellulose ether ichaita basa mukuderedza kuveura kweslurry. Mhedzisiro yekusiyana kwekupokana inoita kuti dhaka ive yakanaka fluidity uye kutsetseka panguva yekuvaka panguva yekusanganiswa.
2. Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo pachayo chimiro chemushonga, iyo cellulose ether solution inogona kuchengeta mvura uye isingarasikike nyore mushure mekusanganiswa mudhaka, uye inozoburitswa zvishoma nezvishoma munguva yakareba, iyo inowedzera nguva yekushanda kwedhaka. uye inopa dhaka zvakanaka kuchengetedza mvura uye kushanda.
1.2.3 Akawanda akakosha ekuvaka giredhi cellulose ethers
1. Methyl Cellulose (MC)
Mushure mekunge donje rakanatswa ragadziriswa nealkali, methyl chloride inoshandiswa seyo etherifying agent kugadzira cellulose ether kuburikidza neyakatevedzana maitiro. Iyo general substitution degree ndeye 1. Kunyunguduka 2.0, dhigirii rekutsiva rakasiyana uye solubility yakasiyanawo. Ndeye-non-ionic cellulose ether.
2. Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC)
Inogadzirirwa nekuita ne ethylene oxide se etherifying agent muhupo hweacetone mushure mokunge donje rakanatswa rinobatwa nealkali. Dhigirii rekutsiva kazhinji 1.5 kusvika 2.0. Iyo ine yakasimba hydrophilicity uye iri nyore kutora unyoro.
3. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose imhando ye cellulose iyo kubuda uye kushandiswa kuri kuwedzera nekukurumidza mumakore achangopfuura. Iyo isiri-ionic cellulose yakasanganiswa ether yakagadzirwa kubva kudonje rakanatswa mushure mekurapa alkali, uchishandisa propylene oxide uye methyl chloride se etherifying agents, uye kuburikidza neakatevedzana maitiro. Dhigirii rekutsiva kazhinji 1.2 kusvika 2.0. Zvimiro zvayo zvinosiyana zvichienderana nereshiyo yemethoxyl yemukati uye hydroxypropyl yemukati.
4. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)
Ionic cellulose ether inogadzirwa kubva kune yakasikwa fibers (donje, nezvimwewo) mushure mekurapa kwealkali, uchishandisa sodium monochloroacetate sechinhu chinopisa, uye kuburikidza nekutevedzana kwemaitiro ekurapa. Dhigirii rekutsiva kazhinji 0.4–d. 4. Kuita kwayo kunonyanya kukanganiswa nehuwandu hwekutsiviwa.
Pakati pavo, yechitatu neyechina mhando ndiwo marudzi maviri e cellulose anoshandiswa mukuyedza uku.
1.2.4 Mamiriro Ekusimudzira eIndasitiri yeCellulose Ether
Mushure memakore ebudiriro, musika we cellulose ether munyika dzakabudirira wakura zvakanyanya, uye musika munyika dzichiri kusimukira uchiri mudanho rekukura, rinove iro rinove simba guru rekukura kwepasi rose cellulose ether kushandiswa mune ramangwana. Parizvino, huwandu hwese hwepasi rose hwekugadzira cellulose ether hunodarika 1 miriyoni matani, neEurope inoverengera 35% yehuwandu hwepasi rose kushandiswa, ichiteverwa neAsia neNorth America. Carboxymethyl cellulose ether (CMC) ndiyo mhando huru yevatengi, inoverengera 56% yehuwandu, inoteverwa nemethyl cellulose ether (MC/HPMC) uye hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (HEC), inoverengera 56% yehuwandu. 25% uye 12%. Indasitiri yekunze cellulose ether inokwikwidza zvakanyanya. Mushure mekubatana kwakawanda, kuburitsa kunonyanya kuisirwa mumakambani makuru akati wandei, akadai seDow Chemical Company neHercules Company muUnited States, Akzo Nobel kuNetherlands, Noviant muFinland uye DAICEL muJapan, nezvimwe.
nyika yangu ndiyo inogadzira pasi rose uye mutengi we cellulose ether, ine avhareji yegore yekukura inopfuura 20%. Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwekutanga, kune makumi mashanu ekugadzira cellulose ether mabhizinesi muChina. Iyo yakagadzirirwa kugadzirwa kweiyo cellulose ether indasitiri yakapfuura 400,000 matani, uye kune angangoita makumi maviri emabhizinesi ane huwandu hwematani anopfuura zviuru gumi, anonyanya kuwanikwa muShandong, Hebei, Chongqing neJiangsu. , Zhejiang, Shanghai nedzimwe nzvimbo. Muna 2011, yeChina yeCMC yekugadzira huwandu hwaive hunosvika mazana matatu ezviuru zvematani. Nekuwedzera kuri kuita kudiwa kwemhando yepamusoro cellulose ethers mumishonga, chikafu, makemikari emazuva ese uye mamwe maindasitiri mumakore achangopfuura, kudiwa kwepamba kwezvimwe zvigadzirwa zve cellulose ether kunze kweCMC kuri kuwedzera. Yakakura, huwandu hweMC/HPMC hunosvika 120,000 matani, uye huwandu hweHEC hunosvika zviuru makumi maviri zvematani. PAC ichiri muchikamu chekusimudzira uye kushandisa muChina. Nekuvandudzwa kweminda mikuru yemafuta ekumahombekombe uye kuvandudzwa kwezvinhu zvekuvakisa, chikafu, makemikari uye mamwe maindasitiri, huwandu nemunda wePAC zviri kuwedzera uye kuwedzera gore negore, iine simba rekugadzira rinopfuura zviuru gumi zvematani.
1.3Tsvagiridzo yekushandiswa kwe cellulose ether mudhaka
Nezvekutsvagisa kweinjiniya yekushandisa kwe cellulose ether muindasitiri yekuvaka, nyanzvi dzemumba nedzekunze dzakaita nhamba huru yeongororo yekuyedza uye ongororo yemashini.
1.3.1Sumo pfupi yekutsvagisa kune dzimwe nyika pakushandiswa kwe cellulose ether mudhaka
Laetitia Patural, Philippe Marchal nevamwe muFrance vakaratidza kuti cellulose ether ine simba guru pakuchengetedza mvura yedhaka, uye chimiro chechimiro ndicho chinhu chinokosha, uye uremu hwema molecular ndiyo kiyi yekudzora kuchengetwa kwemvura uye kusagadzikana. Nekuwedzera kwema molecular uremu, kushushikana kwegoho kunoderera, kuwirirana kunowedzera, uye kushanda kwekuchengetedza mvura kunowedzera; pane zvinopesana, iyo molar substitution dhigirii (inoenderana neyakaomeswa yehydroxyethyl kana hydroxypropyl) haina mhedzisiro pakuchengetedza mvura kwedhaka rakasanganiswa. Nekudaro, cellulose ethers ine yakaderera molar madhigirii ekutsiva yakavandudza kuchengetedza kwemvura.
Mhedziso inokosha pamusoro pemvura yekuchengetedza nzira ndeyokuti rheological properties yedhaka inokosha. Izvo zvinogona kuvonekwa kubva pamhedzisiro yekuyedzwa kuti kune yakaoma-yakasanganiswa dhaka ine yakagadziriswa yemvura-simende reshiyo uye musanganiswa wemukati, kuita kwekuchengetedza mvura kunowanzo kuve kwakafanana nekuenderana kwayo. Zvisinei, kune mamwe ma cellulose ethers, maitiro haasi pachena; mukuwedzera, kune starch ethers, pane yakatarisana pateni. Iyo viscosity yemusanganiswa mutsva haisi iyo yega parameter yekutarisa kuchengetwa kwemvura.
Laetitia Patural, Patrice Potion, et al., Nerubatsiro rwepulsed field gradient uye MRI matekiniki, akawana kuti kutama kwemwando pakusangana kwedhaka uye unsaturated substrate kunokanganisa nekuwedzerwa kwechikamu chidiki cheEC. Kurasikirwa kwemvura kunokonzerwa necapillary action pane kupararira kwemvura. Kufamba kwemvura necapillary chiito kunodzorwa ne substrate micropore pressure, iyo inotemerwa nehukuru hwe micropore uye Laplace theory interfacial tension, pamwe ne fluid viscosity. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti rheological zvimiro zveEC aqueous solution ndiyo kiyi yekuchengeta mvura kuita. Nekudaro, iyi fungidziro inopesana nekumwe kubvumirana (mamwe ma tackifiers senge yakakwira molecular polyethylene oxide uye starch ethers haishande seEC).
Jean. Yves Petit, Erie Wirquin et al. yakashandisa cellulose ether kuburikidza nekuyedza, uye yayo 2% mhinduro viscosity yaive kubva ku5000 kusvika 44500mpa. S kubva kuMC uye HEMC. Tsvaga:
1. Nokuda kwechiyero chakatarwa cheEC, rudzi rweEC rune simba guru pane viscosity yekunamatira dhaka yematare. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemakwikwi pakati peEC uye dispersible polymer poda yeadsorption yemasimende zvimedu.
2. Makwikwi adsorption eEC uye rubber powder ane simba guru pakugadzirisa nguva uye spalling apo nguva yekuvaka iri 20-30min.
3. Kusimba kwechisungo kunokonzerwa nekubatanidza kweEC uye rubber powder. Kana iyo firimu yeEC isingakwanise kudzivirira kubuda kwehunyoro pane chinongedzo chetairi uye dhaka, kunamatira pasi pekupisa kwekushisa kunoderera.
4. Iko kurongeka uye kupindirana kweEC uye inoparara yepolymer poda kunofanirwa kutariswa pakugadzira chikamu cheadhesive dhaka yematairi.
KuGermany LschmitzC. J. Dr. H (a) cker akataurwa munyaya iyo HPMC neHEMC mu cellulose ether vane basa rakakosha zvikuru mukuchengetedza mvura mumatope akaoma-akasanganiswa. Pamusoro pekuita kuti indekisi yekuchengetedzwa kwemvura ye cellulose ether inovandudzwa, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa yakagadziridzwa Cellulose ethers inoshandiswa kuvandudza nekuvandudza mashandisiro ekushanda kwedhaka uye maitiro edhaka rakaoma uye rakaomarara.
1.3.2Sumo pfupi yekutsvagisa kwemumba pakushandiswa kwe cellulose ether kudhaka
Xin Quanchang anobva kuXi'an University of Architecture and Technology akadzidza pesvedzero yemapolymer akasiyana pane zvimwe zvinhu zve bonding dhaka, uye akaona kuti kushandiswa kwakaumbwa kwepolymer poda yakaparara uye hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether haingogone kuvandudza kushanda kwe bonding mortar, asi. zvakare inogona Chikamu chemutengo chinoderedzwa; mhinduro dzebvunzo dzinoratidza kuti kana zviri mukati redispersible latex powder zvinodzorwa pa 0.5%, uye zvinyorwa zve hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether zvinodzorwa pa 0.2%, dhaka rakagadzirirwa rinopesana nekukotama. uye simba rekubatanidza rinonyanya kuoneka, uye kuva nekushanduka kwakanaka uye plastiki.
Purofesa Ma Baoguo kubva kuWuhan University of Technology akataura kuti cellulose ether ine pachena retardation mhedzisiro, uye inogona kukanganisa chimiro chechimiro che hydration zvigadzirwa uye pore chimiro chesimende slurry; cellulose ether inonyanya kushambadzirwa pamusoro pezvikamu zvesimende kuti iite chimwe chinodzivirira maitiro. Inotadzisa nucleation uye kukura kwe hydration zvigadzirwa; kune rumwe rutivi, cellulose ether inotadzisa kutama uye kupararira kweion nekuda kweiyo viscosity iri pachena inowedzera mhedzisiro, nekudaro kunonoka hydration ye simenti kune imwe nhanho; cellulose ether ine alkali kugadzikana.
Jian Shouwei anobva kuWuhan University of Technology akagumisa kuti basa reEC mudhaka rinonyanya kuratidzwa muzvinhu zvitatu: yakanakisa kuchengetedza mvura, pesvedzero pakusimba kwedhaka uye thixotropy, uye kugadzirisa rheology. CE haingopi dhaka rakanaka rekushanda kwekuita, asiwo Kudzikisa yekutanga hydration kupisa kuburitswa kwe simenti uye kunonoka iyo hydration kinetic process ye simenti, hongu, zvichibva pane akasiyana mashandisiro emakesi edhaka, kune zvakare misiyano mumaitiro ayo ekuongorora maitiro. .
CE yakagadziridzwa dhaka inoiswa muchimiro chedhaka-layer dhaka mune yemazuva ese yakaoma-musanganiswa dhaka (senge zvidhinha binder, putty, nhete-layer plastering dhaka, nezvimwewo). Ichi chimiro chakasiyana chinowanzoperekedzwa nekukurumidza kurasikirwa kwemvura kwedhaka. Parizvino, iyo huru yekutsvagisa inotarisa kune kumeso mataira anonamira, uye kune kushoma kutsvagurudza kune mamwe marudzi akaonda-layer CE yakagadziridzwa dhaka.
Su Lei anobva kuWuhan University of Technology akawana kuburikidza nekuongororwa kwechiyero chekuchengetedza mvura, kurasikirwa kwemvura uye nguva yekumisikidza yedhaka yakagadziridzwa ne cellulose ether. Kuwanda kwemvura kunoderera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye nguva yekubatanidza inowedzera; apo huwandu hwemvura hunosvika kuO. Mushure me6%, kuchinja kwehuwandu hwekuchengetedza mvura uye kurasikirwa kwemvura hakuchaoneki, uye nguva yekuisa inenge yakapetwa kaviri; uye kuongorora kwekuedza kwesimba rayo rekumanikidza kunoratidza kuti kana zvinyorwa zve cellulose ether zvakaderera pane 0.8%, zvinyorwa zve cellulose ether zvishoma kudarika 0.8%. Kuwedzera kuchaderedza zvakanyanya simba rekumanikidza; uye maererano nekushanda kwekubatana ne cement mortar board, O. Pasi pe7% yezvinyorwa, kuwedzera kwezvinyorwa zve cellulose ether zvinogona kubudirira kuvandudza simba rekubatanidza.
Lai Jianqing we Xiamen Hongye Engineering Construction Technology Co., Ltd. akaongorora uye akagumisa kuti iyo yakakwana dosage ye cellulose ether kana uchifunga nezve chiyero chekuchengetedza mvura uye kusimba index ndeye 0 kuburikidza neyakatevedzana yebvunzo pachiyero chekuchengetedza mvura, simba uye bond simba re EPS thermal insulation mortar. 2%; cellulose ether ine simba remhepo-entraining effect, iyo ichaita kuti kuderera kwesimba, kunyanya kuderera kwekusimba kwechisungo, saka zvinokurudzirwa kuishandisa pamwe chete ne redispersible polymer powder.
Yuan Wei naQin Min veXinjiang Building Materials Research Institute vakaita bvunzo uye kushandisa tsvakiridzo ye cellulose ether mukongiri ine furo. Mhedzisiro yemuyedzo inoratidza kuti HPMC inovandudza kuchengetedza kwemvura kwekongiri nyowani yefuro uye inoderedza huwandu hwekurasikirwa kwemvura kwekongiri yefoam yakaoma; HPMC inogona kuderedza kudonha kurasikirwa kwekongiri nyowani yefuro uye kuderedza kunzwisiswa kwemusanganiswa kune tembiricha. ; HPMC ichaderedza zvakanyanya simba rekumanikidza refoam kongiri. Pasi pemamiriro ekurapa echisikigo, imwe huwandu hweHPMC hunogona kuvandudza simba remuenzaniso kune imwe nhanho.
Li Yuhai weWacker Polymer Materials Co., Ltd. akataura kuti rudzi uye huwandu hwe latex poda, rudzi rwe cellulose ether uye nharaunda yekurapa zvine chekuita kwakakura pakushomeka kwekupotera dhaka. Mhedzisiro ye cellulose ethers pakusimba kwesimba haina basa zvakare kana ichienzaniswa neyepolymer zvirimo uye kurapa mamiriro.
Yin Qingli yeAkzoNobel Specialty Chemicals (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. yakashandisa Bermocoll PADl, yakanyatsogadziridzwa polystyrene board bonding cellulose ether, yekuyedza, iyo inonyanya kukodzera dhaka rekubatanidza reEPS rekunze madziro ekudzivirira system. Bermocoll PADl inogona kuvandudza simba rekubatanidza pakati pedhaka uye polystyrene board mukuwedzera kune ese mabasa e cellulose ether. Kunyangwe kana iri yakaderera dosage, haingogone kuvandudza kuchengetwa kwemvura uye kushanda kwedhaka nyowani, asi zvakare inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya simba rekutanga rekubatanidza uye isingadzivirirwe nemvura yekubatanidza simba pakati pedhaka nebhodhi repolystyrene nekuda kweiyo yakasarudzika anchoring. teknolojia. . Nekudaro, haigone kuvandudza mhedzisiro yekupikisa kwedhaka uye kuita kwekubatanidza ne polystyrene board. Kuvandudza zvinhu izvi, redispersible latex poda inofanira kushandiswa.
Wang Peiming anobva kuYunivhesiti yeTongji akaongorora nhoroondo yekuvandudzwa kwedhaka rekutengesa uye akaratidza kuti cellulose ether uye latex powder zvine simba risingaiti pane zviratidzo zvekushanda zvakadai sekuchengetedza mvura, kushanduka uye simba rekumanikidzika, uye elastic modulus yehupfu yakaoma yekutengesa dhaka.
Zhang Lin nevamwe veShantou Special Economic Zone Longhu Technology Co., Ltd. vakagumisa kuti, mudhaka rekubatanidza re polystyrene board rakatetepa rakapurasita madziro ekunze ekunze kwemafuta ekudzivirira system (kureva Eqos system), zvinokurudzirwa kuti iyo yakakwana mari. yerabha hupfu kuva 2.5% ndiyo muganhu; low viscosity, yakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya cellulose ether inobatsira zvikuru pakuvandudzwa kweiyo yebetsero tensile bond kusimba kwedhaka rakaomarara.
Zhao Liqun weShanghai Institute of Building Research (Group) Co., Ltd. akataura muchinyorwa kuti cellulose ether inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuchengetwa kwemvura yedhaka, uye zvakare kuderedza zvakanyanya kuwanda uye kusimba kwesimba redhaka, uye kurebesa kurongeka. nguva yedhaka. Pasi pemamiriro emuyero mamwechete, cellulose ether ine viscosity yakakwirira inobatsira kuvandudzwa kwehuwandu hwekuchengetedza mvura yedhaka, asi simba rekumanikidza rinodzikira zvakanyanya uye nguva yekumisikidza yakareba. Hupfu hwakakora uye cellulose ether inobvisa kuputika kwepurasitiki kutsemuka kwedhaka nekuvandudza kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka.
Fuzhou University Huang Lipin et al vakadzidza doping yehydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether uye ethylene. Zvimiro zvemuviri uye cross-sectional morphology yemodified simende dhaka yevinyl acetate copolymer latex powder. Inowanikwa kuti cellulose ether ine yakanakisa kuchengetedza kwemvura, kudzivirira kunyura kwemvura uye kunoshamisa kwemhepo-kupinza mhepo, nepo mvura-inoderedza maitiro e latex poda uye kuvandudzwa kweiyo mechanical zvinhu zvedhaka zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa. Kuchinja maitiro; uye pane yakakodzera dosage renji pakati pemapolymers.
Kuburikidza neyakatevedzana yekuyedza, Chen Qian nevamwe vanobva kuHubei Baoye Construction Industrialization Co., Ltd. vakaratidza kuti kuwedzera nguva inomutsa uye kuwedzera kukurumidza kunomutsa kunogona kupa kutamba kwakazara kune basa re cellulose ether mudhaka rakagadzirwa-yakasanganiswa, kuvandudza kushanda kwedhaka, uye kuvandudza nguva yekukurudzira. Kunyanya kupfupika kana kunonoka kumhanya kunoita kuti dhaka rive rakaoma kugadzira; kusarudza iyo chaiyo cellulose ether inogona zvakare kuvandudza kushanda kweakagadzirira-akasanganiswa dhaka.
Li Sihan kubva kuShenyang Jianzhu University uye vamwe vakawana kuti mineral admixtures inogona kuderedza yakaoma shrinkage deformation yedhaka uye inovandudza maitiro ayo emagetsi; chiyero cheraimu kune jecha chine simba pane mechanical properties uye shrinkage rate yematope; redispersible polymer poda inogona kuvandudza dhaka. Mutswe kuramba, kunatsiridza adhesion, flexural simba, kubatana, kukanganisa kuramba uye kupfeka kuramba, kunatsiridza kuchengetwa kwemvura uye kushanda; cellulose ether ine air-entraining effect, iyo inogona kuvandudza kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka; huni fiber inogona kuvandudza dhaka Kuvandudza kureruka kwekushandisa, kushanda, uye anti-slip performance, uye nekukurumidza kuvaka. Nekuwedzera kwakasiyana-siyana kusanganiswa kwekugadzirisa, uye kuburikidza nechiyero chinonzwisisika, dhaka risingapindike dhaka rekunze kwemadziro ekupisa kupisa sisitimu ine mashandiro akanaka anogona kugadzirwa.
Yang Lei weHenan University of Technology akasanganisa HEMC mudhaka ndokuona kuti ine mabasa maviri ekuchengetedza mvura uye kukora, izvo zvinodzivirira kongiri yakavharirwa nemhepo kuti isakurumidze kusveta mvura mudhaka rekupurasita, uye inova nechokwadi chekuti simende iri muvhu. dhaka rakazara hydrated, kugadzira dhaka Iko kusanganiswa neaerated kongiri kune denser uye kusimba kwechisungo kwakakwira; inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya delamination yekupurasita dhaka kune aerated kongiri. Apo HEMC yakawedzerwa kune dhaka, simba rekunyunguduka kwedhaka rakaderera zvishoma, asi simba rekumanikidzika rakaderera zvikuru, uye fold-compression ratio curve yakaratidza kukwira kumusoro, zvichiratidza kuti kuwedzerwa kweHEMC kunogona kuvandudza kuoma kwedhaka.
Li Yanling nevamwe vanobva kuHenan University of Technology vakawana kuti michina yedhaka yakasungwa yakavandudzwa kana ichienzaniswa nedhaka rakajairwa, kunyanya kusimba kwechisungo chedhaka, apo musanganiswa wekomboni wakawedzerwa (zviri mukati meselulosi ether yaive 0.15%). Inopeta 2.33 pane yedhakawo zvayo.
Ma Baoguo anobva kuWuhan University of Technology uye vamwe vakadzidza mhedzisiro yemhando dzakasiyana dze styrene-acrylic emulsion, dispersible polymer poda, uye hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether pakushandiswa kwemvura, kusimba kwebhondi uye kuoma kwedhaka rakatetepa. , yakawana kuti kana zvinyorwa zve styrene-acrylic emulsion zvaive 4% kusvika 6%, simba rezvisungo zvedhaka rakasvika pakukosha kwakanakisisa, uye chiyero chekugadzirisa-kupeta chaiva chiduku; zvinyorwa zve cellulose ether zvakawedzera kusvika kuO. Pa 4%, simba rezvisungo zvevhu rinosvika pakuzara, uye chiyero chekumanikidza-kupeta ndicho chiduku; kana zviri mukati mehupfu yerabha iri 3%, iyo yekubatanidza simba redhaka ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka, uye iyo compression-kupeta reshiyo inoderera nekuwedzera kwerabha hupfu. trend.
Li Qiao nevamwe veShantou Special Economic Zone Longhu Technology Co., Ltd. vakaratidza muchinyorwa kuti mabasa ecellulose ether mudhaka resimende kuchengetedza mvura, kukora, kupinza mhepo, kunonoka uye kuvandudzwa kwekusimba kwechisungo, nezvimwe. mabasa anoenderana nePaunenge uchiongorora nekusarudza MC, zviratidzo zveMC zvinoda kutariswa zvinosanganisira viscosity, degree of etherification substitution, dhigirii rekuchinja, kugadzikana kwechigadzirwa, zvinobudirira zvemukati zvemukati, particle size nezvimwe zvinhu. Pakusarudza MC mune zvakasiyana zvigadzirwa zvedhaka, zvinodikanwa zvekuita zveMC pachazvo zvinofanirwa kuiswa pamberi zvinoenderana nekuvaka uye kushandiswa kwezvinodiwa zvezvakagadzirwa zvedhaka, uye akakodzera emhando dzeMC dzinofanirwa kusarudzwa pamwe nekuumbwa uye basic index paramita yeMC.
Qiu Yongxia yeBeijing Wanbo Huijia Science and Trade Co., Ltd. yakaona kuti nekuwedzera kwe viscosity ye cellulose ether, chiyero chekuchengetedza mvura kwedhaka chakawedzera; iyo yakatsetseka zvidimbu zve cellulose ether, zviri nani kuchengetedza mvura; Iyo yakakwirira yehuwandu hwekuchengetedza mvura ye cellulose ether; kuchengetwa kwemvura ye cellulose ether kunoderera nekuwedzera kwekushisa kwedhaka.
Zhang Bin weYunivhesiti yeTongji nevamwe vakaratidza muchinyorwa kuti maitiro ekushanda kwedhaka yakagadziridzwa ane hukama zvakanyanya nekukura kwe viscosity ye cellulose ethers, kwete kuti cellulose ethers ine yakakwirira nominal viscosity ine pesvedzero iri pachena pamaitiro ekushanda, nekuti iwo ari. zvakare yakakanganiswa nehukuru hwechikamu. , kuparara kwehuwandu nezvimwe zvinhu.
Zhou Xiao nevamwe vanobva kuInstitute of Cultural Relics Protection Science neTechnology, China Cultural Heritage Research Institute vakadzidza mupiro wezvinowedzera zviviri, polymer rabha poda uye cellulose ether, kusimba rezvisungo muNHL (hydraulic lime) dhaka system, uye vakawana kuti iyo yakapfava Nekuda kwekuwandisa shrinkage ye hydraulic lime, haigone kuburitsa yakaringana simba rekusimba neiyo ibwe interface. Nhamba yakakodzera yepolymer rubber powder uye cellulose ether inogona kunyatso kuvandudza simba rekubatanidza reNHL dhaka uye kusangana nezvinodiwa zvetsika relic kusimbisa uye kuchengetedza zvinhu; kuitira kudzivirira Iyo ine simba pamvura inopera uye kufema kweNHL dhaka pachayo uye kuenderana nemasonry tsika relics. Panguva imwecheteyo, tichifunga nezvekutanga kwekubatanidza kushanda kweNHL dhaka, iyo yakakwana yekuwedzera yakawanda yepolymer rubber powder iri pasi pe 0.5% kusvika 1%, uye kuwedzerwa kwe cellulose ether Mari yacho inodzorwa inenge 0.2%.
Duan Pengxuan nevamwe vanobva kuBeijing Institute of Building Materials Sayenzi vakagadzira vaviri vakazvigadzira rheological tester pahwaro hwekumisikidza rheological modhi yedhaka nyowani, uye vakaita rheological ongororo yeyakajairwa masonry dhaka, kupura dhaka uye kupurasita zvigadzirwa zvegypsum. Iyo denaturation yakayerwa, uye yakawanikwa kuti hydroxyethyl cellulose ether uye hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether ine zvirinani zvekutanga viscosity kukosha uye viscosity kuderedza kuita nenguva uye nekukurumidza kuwedzera, izvo zvinogona kupfumisa binder kune nani bonding mhando, thixotropy uye kutsvedza kuramba.
Li Yanling weHenan University of Technology uye vamwe vakawana kuti kuwedzera kwe cellulose ether mudhaka kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuchengetwa kwemvura kuita kwedhaka, nokudaro kuve nechokwadi kufambira mberi kwesamende hydration. Kunyange zvazvo kuwedzera kwe cellulose ether kunoderedza simba rekushandura uye kudzvinyirira simba redhaka, inoramba ichiwedzera flexural-compression ratio uye kusimba kwechisungo chedhaka kune imwe nzvimbo.
1.4Tsvagiridzo pamusoro pekushandiswa kweanosanganisa kune dhaka kumba nekune dzimwe nyika
Muindasitiri yekuvaka yanhasi, kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kwekongiri nedhaka kwakakura, uye kudiwa kwesimende kuri kuwedzerawo. Kugadzirwa kwesimende ibasa guru rekushandisa simba uye indasitiri yekusvibisa zvakanyanya. Kuchengetedza simende kwakakosha zvikuru kudzora mitengo nekuchengetedza nharaunda. Sechinzvimbo chekutsiva simende, mineral admixture haingogone kugonesa kuita kwedhaka nekongiri, asi zvakare kuchengetedza yakawanda simende pasi pemamiriro ekushandisa zvine musoro.
Muindasitiri yezvivakwa zvekuvaka, kushandiswa kwezvakasanganiswa kwave kwakanyanya. Mhando dzakawanda dzesimende dzine zvakawanda kana zvishoma huwandu hwemisanganiswa. Pakati pavo, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa yakajairwa yePortland simende inowedzerwa 5% mukugadzirwa. ~ 20% musanganiswa. Mukugadzira maitiro eakasiyana dhaka uye kongiri ekugadzira mabhizinesi, kushandiswa kwezvakasanganiswa kwakawedzera.
Nekushandiswa kwezvakasanganiswa mudhaka, tsvakiridzo yenguva refu uye yakakura yakaitwa kumba nekune dzimwe nyika.
1.4.1Kusuma kupfupi kwetsvakiridzo yekunze nezve admixture yakaiswa kune dhaka
P. Yunivhesiti yeCalifornia. JM Momeiro Joe IJ K. Wang et al. akawana kuti mu hydration process ye gelling material, iyo gel haina kuzvimba muhuwandu hwakaenzana, uye mineral admixture inogona kushandura kuumbwa kweiyo hydrated gel, uye yakaona kuti kuzvimba kwegel kune hukama neiyo divalent cations mugel. . Nhamba yemakopi yakaratidza kuwirirana kwakashata kwakakosha.
Kevin J. wekuUnited States. Folliard naMakoto Ohta et al. akataura kuti kuwedzera kwesilica fume uye mupunga madota kudhaka kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya simba rekumanikidza, nepo kuwedzera kwenhunzi madota kunoderedza simba, kunyanya padanho rekutanga.
Philippe Lawrence naMartin Cyr vekuFrance vakawana kuti akasiyana mamineral admixtures anogona kuvandudza simba redhaka pasi pedosi yakakodzera. Musiyano uripo pakati peakasiyana mineral admixtures hausi pachena mune yekutanga nhanho ye hydration. Muchikamu chekupedzisira che hydration, kuwedzera kwesimba kwekuwedzera kunokanganiswa nebasa reiyo mineral admixture, uye kuwedzera kwesimba kunokonzerwa neinert admixture hakugone kungoonekwa sekuzadza. mhedzisiro, asi inofanirwa kuve yakaverengerwa kune yemuviri mhedzisiro ye multiphase nucleation.
Bulgaria's ValIly0 Stoitchkov Stl Petar Abadjiev nevamwe vakawana kuti zvakakosha zvinoumba silica fume uye yakaderera-calcium inobhururuka madota kuburikidza neiyo yenyama uye michina zvinhu zvesimende dhaka uye kongiri yakasanganiswa neanoshanda pozzolanic admixtures, anogona kuvandudza simba resimende ibwe. Silica fume ine mhedzisiro yakakosha pakutanga hydration yecementitious zvinhu, nepo nhunzi madota chikamu chine yakakosha mhedzisiro pane inotevera hydration.
1.4.2Sumo pfupi yekutsvagisa kwemumba nezve mashandisirwo ezvisanganiswa kune dhaka
Kuburikidza neongororo yekuedza, Zhong Shiyun naXiang Keqin vekuTongji University vakawana kuti dhaka rakagadziridzwa rehumwe hunyoro hwenhunzi uye polyacrylate emulsion (PAE), apo iyo poly-binder reshiyo yakaiswa pa0.08, iyo compression-kupeta reshiyo ye madota enhunzi anoderera nekuwedzera kwedota renhunzi. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti kuwedzera kwenhunzi ash kunogona kugadzirisa zvinobudirira dambudziko remutengo wakakwira wekuvandudza kuchinjika kwedhaka nekungowedzera zvirimo zvepolymer.
Wang Yinong weWuhan Iron uye Steel Civil Construction Company akadzidza yakakwira-performance mortar admixture, iyo inogona kunyatso kuvandudza kushanda kwedhaka, kuderedza dhigirii re delamination, nekuvandudza kugona kwekubatanidza. Inokodzera masonry uye plastering yeaerated concrete blocks. .
Chen Miaomiao nevamwe vanobva kuNanjing University yeTekinoroji vakadzidza mhedzisiro yekusanganisa kaviri nhunzi uye mineral powder mudhaka rakaoma pane kushanda kwekushanda uye michina yedhaka, uye vakawana kuti kuwedzera kweaviri admixtures hakuna kungovandudza mashandiro ekushanda uye michina. yemusanganiswa. Izvo zvemuviri uye zvemagetsi zvivakwa zvinogona zvakare zvinobudirira kuderedza mutengo. Iyo inokurudzirwa yakaringana dosage ndeyekutsiva 20% yenhunzi ash uye mineral powder zvakateerana, reshiyo yedhaka kune jecha i1: 3, uye reshiyo yemvura kune zvinhu ndeye 0.16.
Zhuang Zihao anobva kuSouth China University of Technology akagadzirisa chiyero chemvura-binder, yakagadziridzwa bentonite, cellulose ether uye rubber powder, uye akadzidza zvimiro zvesimba revhu, kuchengetedza mvura uye kuoma kwakaoma kwemamineral admixtures matatu, ndokuona kuti zvakasanganiswa zvakasvika. Pa50%, iyo porosity inowedzera zvakanyanya uye simba rinodzikira, uye iyo yakakwana chikamu cheiyo matatu mineral admixtures ndeye 8% limestone poda, 30% slag, uye 4% inobhururuka madota, inogona kuwana kuchengetedza kwemvura. chiyero, kukosha kwakasarudzika kwekusimba.
Li Ying anobva kuQinghai University akaita nhevedzano yebvunzo dzedhaka yakasanganiswa nemamineral admixtures, uye akapedzisa uye akaongorora kuti mineral admixtures inogona kukwidziridza chechipiri chechikamu gradation yehupfu, uye micro-yekuzadza mhedzisiro uye yechipiri hydration yeadhimixtures inogona Kusvika pamwero wakati, kuwirirana kwedhaka kunowedzera, nokudaro kuwedzera simba rayo.
Zhao Yujing weShanghai Baosteel New Building Materials Co., Ltd. akashandisa dzidziso yekuomarara kwekutsemuka uye simba rekutsemuka kudzidza pesvedzero yemamineral admixtures pakuputsika kwekongiri. Muedzo unoratidza kuti iyo mineral admixture inogona kuvandudza zvishoma kuoma kwekutyoka uye kutsemuka kwesimba redhaka; muchiitiko chemhando imwechete yekusanganiswa, iyo inotsiviwa huwandu hwe40% yemaminerari admixture ndiyo inonyanya kubatsira pakuputsika kusimba uye kuputsika simba.
Xu Guangsheng weHenan University akataura kuti kana nzvimbo chaiyo yemamineral powder iri pasi peE350m2/l [g, basa racho rakaderera, simba re3d rinongoita 30% chete, uye simba re28d rinokura kusvika 0 ~ 90% ; nepo pa400m2 melon g, iyo 3d simba Inogona kuva pedyo ne50%, uye 28d simba riri pamusoro pe95%. Kubva pakuona kwenheyo dzenheyo dze rheology, maererano nekuongorora kwekuongorora kwevhu fluidity uye kuyerera kwevelocity, mhedziso dzakawanda dzinotorwa: kubhururuka madota emukati pazasi 20% anogona zvinobudirira kuvandudza dhaka fluidity uye kuyerera kwevelocity, uye mineral powder mukati Kana iyo dosi iri pazasi. 25%, kuyerera kwedhaka kunogona kuwedzerwa asi kuyerera kunoderera.
Purofesa Wang Dongmin weChina University yeMigodhi neTekinoroji uye Purofesa Feng Lufeng weShandong Jianzhu University vakaratidza muchinyorwa kuti kongiri chinhu chezvikamu zvitatu kubva pakuona kwezvinhu zvinoumbwa, zvinoti simende paste, aggregate, simende paste uye aggregate. Iyo interface yekushandura zone ITZ (Interfacial Transition Zone) pamharadzano. ITZ inzvimbo ine mvura yakawanda, iyo yemuno mvura-simende ratio yakakura kwazvo, iyo porosity mushure me hydration yakakura, uye ichakonzera kupfumisa kwe calcium hydroxide. Iyi nzvimbo inonyanya kukonzera kutsemuka kwekutanga, uye inowanzokonzera kushushikana. Kuisa pfungwa kunonyanya kutema kusimba. Chidzidzo chekuyedza chinoratidza kuti kuwedzerwa kwezvinosanganiswa kunogona kunyatso kuvandudza mvura ye endocrine munharaunda yekushandura, kuderedza ukobvu hweiyo interface shanduko yenzvimbo, uye kugadzirisa simba.
Zhang Jianxin weYunivhesiti yeChongqing nevamwe vakawana kuti nekugadziriswa kwakazara kwemethyl cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber, redispersible polymer poda, uye admixtures, yakaoma-yakasanganiswa plastering dhaka nekuita kwakanaka kunogona kugadzirwa. Dry-mixed crack-resistant plastering motar ine basa rakanaka, simba rebhondi repamusoro uye rakanaka rinoramba kutsemuka. Hunhu hwemadhiramu nekutsemuka idambudziko rinowanzoitika.
Ren Chuanyao weZhejiang University nevamwe vakadzidza nezve hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether pazvimiro zvenhunzi ash mortar, uye vakaongorora hukama pakati pekunyorova uye simba rekumanikidza. Zvakaonekwa kuti kuwedzera hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether mune inobhururuka madota dhaka kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuchengetedza kwemvura kuita kwedhaka, kurebesa nguva yekubatanidza yedhaka, uye kuderedza kunyorova uye kumanikidza simba redhaka. Pane kuwirirana kwakanaka pakati pekunyorova kwemvura uye 28d yekumanikidza simba. Pasi pemamiriro ekuzivikanwa kunyorova density, iyo 28d yekumanikidza simba inogona kuverengerwa nekushandisa yakakodzera fomula.
Muzvinafundo Pang Lufeng naChang Qingshan vekuShandong Jianzhu University vakashandisa nzira yekugadzira mayunifomu kuti vadzidze kurudziro yemisanganiswa mitatu yedota renhunzi, mineral powder uye silica fume pamusoro pesimba rekongiri, uye kuisa pamberi mafomula ekufanotaura nehumwe hunokosha hunoshanda kuburikidza nekudzoreredza. kuongorora. , uye kushanda kwayo kwakasimbiswa.
1.5Chinangwa uye kukosha kwechidzidzo ichi
Sechinhu chakakosha chekuchengetedza mvura, cellulose ether inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira chikafu, dhaka uye kongiri kugadzira uye mamwe maindasitiri. Semusanganiswa wakakosha mumadhaka akasiyana-siyana, akasiyana-siyana e-cellulose ethers anogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kubuda kwekubuda kwemvura yakawanda, kuwedzera thixotropy uye kuvaka kutsvedzerera kwedhaka, uye kugadzirisa kuchengetedza kwemvura uye kusimba kwechisungo chedhaka.
Iko kushandiswa kwemamineral admixtures kuri kuwedzera kupararira, izvo zvisingagadzirise chete dambudziko rekugadzirisa nhamba yakakura yezvigadzirwa zveindasitiri, inochengetedza ivhu uye inochengetedza nharaunda, asi zvakare inogona kushandura marara kuita pfuma uye kugadzira mabhenefiti.
Pakave nezvidzidzo zvakawanda pamusoro pezvikamu zvemadhaka maviri kumba nekune dzimwe nyika, asi hapana zvakawanda zvidzidzo zvekuedza zvinobatanidza zviviri pamwe chete. Chinangwa chebepa iri ndechekusanganisa akati wandei cellulose ethers uye mineral admixtures mune simende paste panguva imwe chete, yakakwira fluidity dhaka uye dhaka repurasitiki (kutora dhaka rekubatanidza semuenzaniso), kuburikidza nekuongorora bvunzo yekuyerera uye akasiyana emakanika zvinhu, mutemo wepesvedzero yemhando mbiri dzedhaka kana zvikamu zvawedzerwa pamwechete zvinopfupikiswa, izvo zvinokanganisa ramangwana cellulose ether. Uye kumwe kushandiswa kwemamineral admixtures kunopa imwe ratidziro.
Pamusoro pezvo, pepa iri rinopa nzira yekufanotaura kusimba kwedhaka nekongiri zvichibva pane FERET simba dzidziso uye basa coefficient yemaminerari admixtures, iyo inogona kupa imwe kutungamira kukosha kweiyo musanganiswa ratio dhizaini uye kufanotaura kwesimba kwedhaka nekongiri.
1.6Nyaya huru yetsvakiridzo yepepa iri
Iwo makuru ekutsvagisa zviri mukati meiyi bepa anosanganisira:
1. Nekusanganisa akati wandei cellulose ethers uye akasiyana mamineral admixtures, zviedzo pamusoro pemvura yakachena slurry uye high-fluidity dhaka zvakaitwa, uye mitemo yepesvedzero yakapfupikiswa uye zvikonzero zvakaongororwa.
2. Nekuwedzera cellulose ethers uye akasiyana mamineral admixtures kune yakakwira fluidity dhaka uye bonding dhaka, ongorora maitiro azvo pakumanikidza kusimba, kuchinjika simba, compression-kupeta reshiyo uye bonding dhaka repamusoro fluidity dhaka uye dhaka repurasitiki Mutemo wekupesvedzera pane tensile bond. simba.
3. Yakasanganiswa neiyo FERET simba dzidziso uye basa coefficient of mineral admixtures, simba rekufanotaura nzira ye-multi-component cementitious material mortar uye konkrete inorongwa.
Chitsauko 2 Ongororo yezvakagadzirwa uye zvikamu zvadzo zvekuyedzwa
2.1 Test zvinhu
2.1.1 Simende (C)
Muedzo wakashandisa "Shanshui Dongyue" brand PO. 42.5 Cement.
2.1.2 Mineral powder (KF)
Iyo $95 giredhi granulated blast furnace slag poda kubva kuShandong Jinan Luxin New Building Materials Co., Ltd.
2.1.3 Fly Ash (FA)
Iyo giredhi II inobhururuka madota anogadzirwa neJinan Huangtai Power Plant inosarudzwa, iyo fineness (yasara sese ye459m square hole sieve) i13%, uye chiyero chekudiwa kwemvura i96%.
2.1.4 Sirika utsi (sF)
Silica fume inotora iyo silica fume yeShanghai Aika Silica Fume Material Co., Ltd., density yayo i2.59/cm3; iyo chaiyo nzvimbo i17500m2/kg, uye avhareji saizi iO. 1～0.39m, 28d chiitiko indekisi i108%, reshiyo yemvura inosvika 120%.
2.1.5 Redispersible latex poda (JF)
Iyo poda yerabha inotora Max redispersible latex poda 6070N (bonding type) kubva kuGomez Chemical China Co., Ltd.
2.1.6 Cellulose ether (CE)
CMC inotora coating giredhi CMC kubva kuZibo Zou Yongning Chemical Co., Ltd., uye HPMC inotora marudzi maviri ehydroxypropyl methylcellulose kubva kuGomez Chemical China Co., Ltd.
2.1.7 Zvimwe zvakasanganiswa
Heavy calcium carbonate, huni fiber, mvura inodzinga, calcium formate, nezvimwe.
2.1,8 quartz jecha
Ijecha requartz rakagadzirwa nemuchina rinotora mhando ina dzehunyoro: 10-20 mesh, 20-40 H, 40.70 mesh uye 70.140 H, density i2650 kg/rn3, uye kupisa kwe stack i1620 kg/m3.
2.1.9 Polycarboxylate superplasticizer poda (PC)
Iyo polycarboxylate poda yeSuzhou Xingbang Chemical Building Materials Co., Ltd.) ndeye 1J1030, uye mwero wekudzikisa mvura i30%.
2.1.10 Jecha (S)
Jecha riri pakati nepakati reDawen River muTai'an rinoshandiswa.
2.1.11 Coarse aggregate (G)
Shandisa Jinan Ganggou kugadzira 5" ~ 25 dombo rakapwanyika.
2.2 Nzira yekuedza
2.2.1 Nzira yekuedza ye slurry fluidity
Midziyo yekuyedza: NJ. 160 mhando simende slurry musanganiswa, inogadzirwa naWuxi Jianyi Instrument Machinery Co., Ltd.
Nzira dzekuedza uye mhedzisiro inoverengerwa zvinoenderana neyeyedzo nzira yekuyerera kwesamende paste muAppendix A ye "GB 50119.2003 Tekinoroji Mamisikirwo ekushandiswa kweConcrete Admixtures" kana ((GB/T8077--2000 Test Method yeHomogeneousness yeConcrete Admixtures). )
2.2.2 Nzira yekuyedza yekuyerera kwedhaka remvura zhinji
Midziyo yekuedza: JJ. Type 5 sement mortar mixer, yakagadzirwa naWuxi Jianyi Instrument Machinery Co., Ltd.;
TYE-2000B dhaka compression test machine, yakagadzirwa naWuxi Jianyi Instrument Machinery Co., Ltd.;
TYE-300B dhaka rekubhenda bvunzo muchina, wakagadzirwa naWuxi Jianyi Instrument Machinery Co., Ltd.
Mortar fluidity yekuona nzira yakavakirwa pa "JC. T 986-2005 Cement-based grouting materials" uye "GB 50119-2003 Technical Specifications for the Application of Concrete Admixtures" Appendix A, saizi yekoni inofa yakashandiswa, kureba i60mm. , dhayamita yemukati yechiteshi chepamusoro i70mm, dhayamita yemukati yechiteshi chezasi i100mm, uye dhayamita rekunze rechiteshi chezasi i120mm, uye huremu hwakaoma hwedhaka hahufanire kunge huri pasi pe2000g nguva imwe neimwe.
Mhedzisiro yezviyedzo zvezviviri izvi zvinofanirwa kutora avhareji kukosha kweaya maviri vertical directions semhedzisiro yekupedzisira.
2.2.3 Nzira yekuyedza ye tensile bond kusimba kwe bonded mortar
Main test equipment: WDL. Type 5 yemagetsi universal yekuyedza muchina, inogadzirwa neTianjin Gangyuan Instrument Factory.
Iyo nzira yekuyedza ye tensile bond simba ichaitwa maererano neChikamu 10 che (JGJ/T70.2009 Standard for Test Methods for Basic Properties of Building Motars.
Chitsauko 3. Mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether pane yakachena paste uye dhaka rebhinari simende zvinhu zveakasiyana mamineral admixtures.
Liquidity Impact
Ichi chitsauko chinoongorora akati wandei cellulose ethers uye mineral blends nekuyedza nhamba huru ye-multi-level yakachena simende-based slurries uye madhaka uye binary simende system slurries uye madhaka ane akasiyana mamineral admixtures uye fluidity uye kurasikirwa kwavo nekufamba kwenguva. Iyo pesvedzero yemutemo wekushandiswa kwemusanganiswa wezvishandiso pane fluidity yeakachena slurry uye dhaka, uye pesvedzero yezvakasiyana zvinhu zvinopfupikiswa nekuongororwa.
3.1 Rondedzero yekuyedza protocol
Tichifunga nezvesimba re cellulose ether pakushanda kwe pure simenti system uye akasiyana simende masisitimu emidziyo, isu tinonyanya kudzidza mune maviri mafomu:
1. puree. Iine zvakanakira intuition, kushanda kuri nyore uye kururamisa kwepamusoro, uye inonyanya kukodzera pakuona kwekugadziriswa kwezvipfeko zvakadai se cellulose ether kune gelling material, uye kusiyana kuri pachena.
2. High fluidity mortar. Kuwana kuyerera kwepamusoro mamiriro zvakare kune kuve nyore kuyerwa nekutarisa. Pano, kugadziriswa kwereferensi yekuyerera nyika inonyanya kudzorwa nepamusoro-performance superplasticizers. Kuti tideredze chikanganiso chekuyedza, isu tinoshandisa polycarboxylate mvura inodzikisira ine yakafara kuchinjika kune simende, inonzwa tembiricha, uye tembiricha yekuyedza inoda kunyatsodzorwa.
3.2 Kupesvedzera bvunzo ye cellulose ether pane fluidity ye pure simende paste
3.2.1 Chiyero chekuyedza mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether pane fluidity ye pure simende paste
Tichitarisa kupesvedzero ye cellulose ether pakuyerera kweiyo pure slurry, iyo yakachena simende slurry yeimwe-chikamu sementitious material system yakatanga kushandiswa kuona pesvedzero. Iyo huru referensi indekisi pano inotora yakanyanya intuitive fluidity yekuona.
Zvinhu zvinotevera zvinoonekwa sezvinokanganisa kufamba:
1. Mhando dze cellulose ethers
2. Cellulose ether content
3. Slurry nguva yekuzorora
Pano, takagadzirisa PC yehupfu pa 0.2%. Mapoka matatu nemapoka mana ekuedzwa akashandiswa kumhando nhatu dze cellulose ethers (carboxymethylcellulose sodium CMC, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC). Kune sodium carboxymethyl cellulose CMC, chiyero che 0%, O. 10%, O. 2%, iyo Og, 0.39, 0.69 (chiyero chesimende mumuedzo wega wega ndeye 3009). , ye hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, muyero ndeye 0%, O. 05%, O. 10%, O. 15%, iyo 09, 0.159, 0.39, 0.459.
3.2.2 Zviyedzo uye kuongororwa kwemhedzisiro ye cellulose ether pane fluidity ye pure simende paste.
(1) Iyo fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yeyakachena simende paste yakasanganiswa neCMC
Ongororo yemhinduro dzebvunzo:
1. Chiratidzo chekufamba:
Kuenzanisa mapoka matatu ane nguva imwechete yakamira, maererano nekutanga fluidity, nekuwedzera kweCMC, mvura yekutanga yakaderera zvishoma; iyo hafu yeawa fluidity yakadzikira zvakanyanya nemuyero, zvakanyanya nekuda kwehafu yeawa fluidity yeboka risina chinhu. Iyo 20mm yakakura kudarika yekutanga (izvi zvinogona kukonzerwa nekunonoka kwePC powder): -IJ, iyo fluidity inoderera zvishoma pa 0.1% dosage, uye inowedzera zvakare pa 0.2% dosage.
Kuenzanisa mapoka matatu ane muyero wakafanana, kunyunguduka kweboka risina chinhu kwaive kwakakura muhafu yeawa, uye kwakaderera muawa imwe chete (izvi zvinogona kunge zvakakonzerwa nekuti mushure meawa imwe chete, zvimedu zvesimende zvakaonekwa zvakanyanya hydration uye adhesion; iyo inter-particle yakaumbwa pakutanga, uye slurry yakaonekwa yakawanda. iyo fluidity yemapoka eC1 neC2 yakaderera zvishoma muhafu yeawa, zvichiratidza kuti kunwa kwemvura kweCMC kwakave nekukanganisa kwehurumende; nepo pane zvinyorwa zveC2, pakanga pane kuwedzera kukuru muawa imwe chete, zvichiratidza kuti zvinyorwa Mugumisiro wekunonoka kweCMC ndiwo mukuru.
2. Tsanangudzo yepenomenon:
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti nekuwedzera kwezviri mukati meCMC, chiitiko chekukwenya chinotanga kuoneka, zvichiratidza kuti CMC ine imwe mhedzisiro pakuwedzera viscosity yesamende paste, uye mhepo-entraining mhedzisiro yeCMC inokonzera chizvarwa che. mhepo inoputika.
(2) Iyo fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yeyakachena simende paste yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity 100,000)
Ongororo yemhinduro dzebvunzo:
1. Chiratidzo chekufamba:
Kubva pamutsara wegirafu yemhedzisiro yekumira nguva pane fluidity, zvinogona kuoneka kuti iyo fluidity muhafu yeawa yakakura kana ichienzaniswa neyekutanga uye imwe awa, uye nekuwedzera kwezviri mukati HPMC, maitiro akadzikira. Pakazere, kurasikirwa kwemvura hakuna kukura, zvichiratidza kuti HPMC ine pachena kuchengetwa kwemvura kune slurry, uye ine imwe yekudzosa maitiro.
Zvinogona kuoneka kubva pakuona kuti fluidity inobata zvakanyanya kune zvirimo zveHPMC. Muyedzo yekuyedza, iyo yakakura zvirimo zveHPMC, idiki iyo fluidity. Zvakanyanya kuoma kuzadza fluidity cone mold pachayo pasi pehuwandu hwemvura. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti mushure mekuwedzera HPMC, kurasikirwa kwemvura kunokonzerwa nenguva hakusi kukuru kune yakachena slurry.
2. Tsanangudzo yepenomenon:
Iro boka risina chinhu rine chiitiko chekubuda ropa, uye inogona kuonekwa kubva mukushanduka kwakapinza kwemvura ine dosi kuti HPMC ine mvura yakasimba zvikuru yekuchengetedza uye kukora simba kupfuura CMC, uye inoita basa rinokosha mukubvisa kubuda kweropa. Iwo mabhuru makuru emhepo haafanire kunzwisiswa semhedzisiro yekupinda mhepo. Muchokwadi, mushure mekunge viscosity ichiwedzera, mhepo yakavhenganiswa mukati panguva yekukurudzira haigoni kurohwa kuita mabhuru madiki emhepo nekuti slurry yakanyanya viscous.
(3) Iyo fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yeyakachena simende paste yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity ye150,000)
Ongororo yemhinduro dzebvunzo:
1. Chiratidzo chekufamba:
Kubva pamutsara wegirafu yesimba rezviri mukati meHPMC (150,000) pane fluidity, pesvedzero yeshanduko yezvirimo pane fluidity iri pachena kupfuura iyo ye100,000 HPMC, zvichiratidza kuti kuwedzera kweiyo viscosity yeHPMC kunoderedza. the fluidity.
Nezvekucherechedzwa kuri kuita, zvinoenderana nemaitiro ese ekuchinja kwemvura nenguva, iyo hafu yeawa yekudzosa mhedzisiro yeHPMC (150,000) iri pachena, nepo mhedzisiro ye -4, yakaipa kupfuura iyo yeHPMC (100,000) .
2. Tsanangudzo yepenomenon:
Muboka rakanga risina chinhu rakanga richibuda. Chikonzero chekukwenya ndiro yaive yekuti mvura-simende reshiyo yepasi slurry yakava diki mushure mekubuda ropa, uye slurry yaive yakaoma uye yakaoma kukwenya kubva mundiro yegirazi. Kuwedzerwa kweHPMC kwakaita basa rinokosha pakubvisa kubuda ropa. Nekuwedzera kwezviri mukati, diki diki diki mabhururu akatanga kuoneka uye ipapo mabhuru makuru akaonekwa. Mabhuru madiki anonyanya kukonzerwa nechimwe chikonzero. Saizvozvo, mabhuru mahombe haafanire kunzwisiswa semhedzisiro yekupinda mhepo. Muchokwadi, mushure mekunge viscosity ichiwedzera, mhepo yakasanganiswa mukati panguva yekukurudzira yakanyanyisa uye haigone kufashukira kubva kune slurry.
3.3 Kupesvedzera bvunzo ye cellulose ether pane fluidity yeakachena slurry yeakawanda-chikamu sementitious zvinhu.
Ichi chikamu chinonyanya kuongorora mhedzisiro yekushandiswa kwekomboni kwe akati wandei admixtures uye matatu cellulose ethers (carboxymethyl cellulose sodium CMC, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose HPMC) pane fluidity ye pulp.
Saizvozvo, mapoka matatu nemapoka mana ekuedzwa akashandiswa kune matatu marudzi e cellulose ethers (carboxymethylcellulose sodium CMC, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC). Kune sodium carboxymethyl cellulose CMC, iyo dosage ye0%, 0.10%, uye 0.2%, zvinoti 0g, 0.3g, uye 0.6g (iyo simende dosage pabvunzo yega yega i300g). Kune hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, muyero ndeye 0%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, kureva 0g, 0.15g, 0.3g, 0.45g. Iyo PC yemukati yehupfu inodzorwa pa 0.2%.
Iyo nhunzi madota uye slag poda muminerari admixture inotsiviwa neyakafanana chiyero chemukati yekusanganisa nzira, uye mazinga ekusanganiswa ari 10%, 20% uye 30%, ndiko kuti, iyo yekutsiva chiyero ndeye 30g, 60g uye 90g. Zvisinei, tichifunga nezvesimba rekuita kwepamusoro, shrinkage, uye nyika, iyo silica fume content inodzorwa kusvika 3%, 6%, uye 9%, kureva, 9g, 18g, uye 27g.
3.3.1 Chiyero chekuyedza kuita kwe cellulose ether pakuyerera kweiyo yakachena slurry yebhinari simende zvinhu.
(1) Test scheme yekuyerera kwebinari simende zvinhu zvakasanganiswa neCMC uye akasiyana mineral admixtures.
(2) Kuedza chirongwa chekuyerera kwebinary cementitious zvinhu zvakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity 100,000) uye akasiyana mineral admixtures.
(3) Test scheme ye fluidity yebinary cementitious materials yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity ye150,000) uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvicherwa zvakasanganiswa.
3.3.2 Mhedzisiro yebvunzo uye kuongororwa kwemhedzisiro ye cellulose ether pane fluidity yeakawanda-chikamu sementitious zvinhu.
(1) Yekutanga fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yebinary simende zvinhu zvakachena slurry yakasanganiswa neCMC uye akasiyana mamineral admixtures.
Izvo zvinogona kuoneka kubva pane izvi kuti kuwedzera kwenhunzi madota kunogona kunyatso wedzera kuyerera kwekutanga kwe slurry, uye kunowedzera kuwedzera nekuwedzera kwenhunzi madota. Panguva imwecheteyo, kana zviri mukati meCMC zvichiwedzera, fluidity inoderera zvishoma, uye iyo yakanyanya kuderera ndeye 20mm.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti iyo yekutanga fluidity ye slurry yakachena inogona kuwedzerwa pane yakaderera dosage yemamineral powder, uye kuvandudzwa kwemvura kunenge kusiri pachena kana chiyero chiri pamusoro pe20%. Panguva imwecheteyo, huwandu hweCMC muO. Pa1%, iyo fluidity yakanyanya.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva pane izvi kuti zviri mukati me silica fume kazhinji zvine mhedzisiro yakaipa pane yekutanga fluidity ye slurry. Panguva imwecheteyo, CMC zvakare yakaderedza zvishoma kuyerera.
Hafu-awa fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yeyakachena bhinari simende zvinhu zvakasanganiswa neCMC uye akasiyana mineral admixtures.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kuvandudzwa kwemvura inobhururuka kwehafu yeawa inobudirira pane yakaderera dosage, asi inogonawo kuva nokuti iri pedyo nekuyerera kweiyo yakachena slurry. Panguva imwecheteyo, CMC ichine kuderedzwa kudiki kwekuyerera.
Mukuwedzera, kuenzanisa iyo yekutanga nehafu yeawa fluidity, inogona kuwanikwa kuti yakawanda inobhururuka madota inobatsira kudzora kurasikirwa kwemvura munguva.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva pane izvi kuti huwandu hwemaminerari hupfu husina hutsika husina kunaka hunoita pamvura yemvura yakachena slurry kwehafu yeawa, uye nguva dzose haina kusimba. Panguva imwecheteyo, mhedzisiro yeCMC yemukati pane fluidity muhafu yeawa haisi pachena, asi kuvandudzwa kwe20% mineral powder replacement group kunenge kuri pachena.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kukanganisa kwakashata kwemvura yakachena slurry nehuwandu hwesilica fume kwehafu yeawa inonyanya kuoneka kupfuura yekutanga, kunyanya kuitika muhuwandu hwe6% kusvika ku9% inonyanya kuoneka. Panguva imwecheteyo, kudzikira kweiyo CMC yemukati pane fluidity ingangoita 30mm, iyo yakakura kupfuura kudzikira kweCMC yemukati kune yekutanga.
(2) Yekutanga fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yebhinari simentitious zvinhu pure slurry yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity 100,000) uye akasiyana mineral admixtures.
Kubva pane izvi, zvinogona kuoneka kuti mhedzisiro yenhunzi madota pamvura inoyerera inoratidzika, asi inowanikwa muyedzo kuti nhunzi madota haina mhedzisiro yakajeka yekubuda ropa. Mukuwedzera, iyo inoderedza mhedzisiro yeHPMC pane fluidity iri pachena (kunyanya muhuwandu hwe0.1% kusvika 0.15% yepamusoro dosage, iyo yakanyanya kuderera inogona kusvika kupfuura 50mm).
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti iyo mineral powder ine zvishoma zvishoma pane fluidity, uye haina kunyanya kuvandudza kubuda ropa. Pamusoro pezvo, kudzikisira mhedzisiro yeHPMC pane fluidity inosvika 60mm muchikamu che 0.1% ~ 0.15% yedosi yakanyanya.
Kubva pane izvi, zvinogona kuoneka kuti kuderedzwa kweiyo fluidity ye silica fume kunonyanya kuoneka muhombe dosi renji, uye nekuwedzera, iyo silica fume ine zviri pachena kuvandudza mhedzisiro pakubuda ropa mukuyedzwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, HPMC ine mhedzisiro iri pachena pakudzikiswa kwemvura (kunyanya muhuwandu hwehuwandu hwedosi yakawanda (0.1% kusvika 0.15%). Nezvezvinhu zvinofurira zvemvura, silica fume uye HPMC inoita basa rinokosha, uye imwe The admixture inoshanda seyebetsero diki gadziriso.
Zvinogona kuoneka kuti, kazhinji, mhedzisiro yeatatu admixtures pane fluidity yakafanana neyekutanga kukosha. Kana iyo silica fume iri pahuwandu hwe9% uye iyo HPMC yemukati iO. Muchiitiko che15%, chiitiko chekuti data yaisagona kuunganidzwa nekuda kwehurombo hwehunyoro hwakanga hwakaoma kuzadza cone mold. , zvichiratidza kuti viscosity ye silica fume uye HPMC yakawedzera zvakanyanya pamazinga epamusoro. Kuenzaniswa neCMC, iyo viscosity inowedzera maitiro eHPMC iri pachena.
(3) Yekutanga fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yebinary cementitious material pure slurry yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity 100,000) uye akasiyana mineral admixtures.
Kubva pane izvi, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti HPMC (150,000) uye HPMC (100,000) vane migumisiro yakafanana pane slurry, asi HPMC ine viscosity yakakwirira ine kuderera kuduku kwemvura, asi haisi pachena, iyo inofanira kunge yakabatana nekuparara. yeHPMC. Sipidhi yacho ine hukama hwakati. Pakati pezvakasanganiswa, mhedzisiro yehunyunzi madota pane fluidity ye slurry inonyanya mutsara uye yakanaka, uye 30% yezviri mukati inogona kuwedzera fluidity ne20,-,30mm; Mhedzisiro yacho haisi pachena, uye kuvandudzwa kwayo kwekuita pakubuda ropa kunogumira; kunyangwe padanho diki remuyero wepasi pe10%, silica fume ine mhedzisiro iri pachena pakuderedza kubuda kweropa, uye nzvimbo yayo chaiyo yakakura zvakapetwa kaviri pane iyo simende. kurongeka kwehukuru, mhedzisiro yekushambadza kwayo kwemvura pakufamba kwakakosha zvakanyanya.
Mune izwi, mune yakasarudzika mutsauko weyero, izvo zvinokanganisa kuyerera kweiyo slurry, iyo dosage yesilica fume uye HPMC ndiyo inonyanya kukosha, kungave kutonga kwekubuda ropa kana kutonga kwekuyerera, ndiko. zvakanyanya kujeka, zvimwe Mhedzisiro yezvisanganiswa ndeyechipiri uye inotamba yebetsero kugadzirisa basa.
Chikamu chechitatu chinopfupikisa pesvedzero yeHPMC (150,000) uye inosanganisa pakuyerera kweyakachena pulp muhafu yeawa, iyo inowanzofanana nepesvedzero mutemo wekukosha kwekutanga. Zvinogona kuwanikwa kuti kuwedzera kwekubhururuka kwedota pamvura yemvura yakachena slurry kwehafu yeawa kunonyanya kuoneka pane kuwedzera kwekutanga kwemvura, simba re slag powder harisati rave pachena, uye simba resilica fume content pamusoro pemvura. zvichiri pachena. Uye zvakare, maererano nezviri mukati meHPMC, pane zvakawanda zviitiko zvisingagoni kudururwa pane zvakakwirira zvemukati, zvichiratidza kuti iyo O. 15% dosage ine mhedzisiro yakakura pakuwedzera viscosity uye kuderedza fluidity, uye maererano nekuyerera kwehafu. awa, ichienzaniswa nehuwandu hwekutanga, boka re slag's O. The fluidity ye05% HPMC yakaderera zviri pachena.
Panyaya yekurasika kwemvura nekufamba kwenguva, kuiswa kwe silica fume kune simba rakati wandei pairi, kunyanya nekuti silica fume ine hupamhi hukuru, chiitiko chepamusoro, kukurumidza kuita, uye kugona kwakasimba kutora unyoro, zvichiita kuti pave nehunyoro. fluidity kusvika panguva yakamira. To.
3.4 Kuedza pakuita kweselulosi ether pakuyerera kwesamende yakachena-yakavakirwa yakakwira-fluidity mortar.
3.4.1 Chiyero chekuyedza kuita kweselulosi ether pakuyerera kwesamende yakachena-yakavakirwa yakakwira-fluidity mortar.
Shandisa yakakwira fluidity dhaka kuona maitiro ayo pakushanda. Iyo huru referensi index pano ndiyo yekutanga uye hafu yeawa mortar fluidity bvunzo.
Zvinhu zvinotevera zvinoonekwa sezvinokanganisa kufamba:
1 mhando dze cellulose ethers,
2 Dosage ye cellulose ether,
3 Toka yakamira nguva
3.4.2 Miedzo yemhedzisiro uye kuongororwa kwemhedzisiro ye cellulose ether pane kuyerera kwe pure simende-based high-fluidity mortar.
(1) Fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yeyakachena simende dhaka yakasanganiswa neCMC
Pfupiso uye ongororo yemhedzisiro yebvunzo:
1. Chiratidzo chekufamba:
Kuenzanisa mapoka matatu ane nguva imwechete yakamira, maererano nekutanga fluidity, nekuwedzera kweCMC, mvura yekutanga yakaderera zvishoma, uye apo zvinyorwa zvakasvika O. Pa15%, pane kuderera kwakajeka; kuderera kwehuwandu hwemvura nekuwedzera kwehuwandu muhafu yeawa yakafanana neyokutanga kukosha.
2. Chiratidzo:
Tichitaura nedzidziso, tichienzanisa netsvina yakachena, kuiswa kwezvakaunganidzwa mudhaka kunoita kuti zvive nyore kuti maturu emhepo apinzwe mumatope, uye kuvharika kwezviunganidzwa pazvinobuda ropa kuchaitawo kuti zvive nyore kuti mafuro emhepo kana kubuda ropa kuchengetwe. Mune slurry, saka, iyo mhepo bubble yemukati uye saizi yedhaka inofanira kunge yakawedzera uye yakakura kupfuura iyo yakatsvinda slurry. Kune rumwe rutivi, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti nekuwedzera kwezviri mukati meCMC, mvura inoyerera inodzikira, zvichiratidza kuti CMC ine imwe huturu hunoita padhaka, uye hafu yeawa fluidity test inoratidza kuti mabhuru anofashukira pamusoro pemvura. kuwedzera zvishoma. , iyo iriwo kuratidzwa kwekusimudzira kusimba, uye kana kuwirirana kunosvika kune imwe nhanho, mabhudzi achave akaoma kuputika, uye hapana mabhuru akajeka achaonekwa pamusoro.
(2) Iyo fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro ye pure simende dhaka yakasanganiswa neHPMC (100,000)
Ongororo yemhinduro dzebvunzo:
1. Chiratidzo chekufamba:
Inogona kuonekwa kubva pamufananidzo kuti nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hweHPMC, iyo fluidity inoderedzwa zvikuru. Kuenzaniswa neCMC, HPMC ine simba rekukora. Mhedzisiro uye kuchengetedza mvura zviri nani. Kubva ku0.05% kusvika ku0.1%, huwandu hwekuchinja kwemvura kunonyanya kuoneka, uye kubva kuO. Mushure me1%, hapana kuchinja kwekutanga kana hafu yeawa mukuyerera kwakanyanya.
2. Tsanangudzo yepenomenon:
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva patafura uye nhamba kuti pane chaizvoizvo hapana mabhubhu mumapoka maviri eMh2 neMh3, zvichiratidza kuti viscosity yemapoka maviri aya yatove yakakura, kudzivirira kupfachukira kwemabhuru mune slurry.
(3) Iyo fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro ye pure simende dhaka yakasanganiswa neHPMC (150,000)
Ongororo yemhinduro dzebvunzo:
1. Chiratidzo chekufamba:
Kuenzanisa mapoka akati wandei ane nguva imwechete yakamira, maitiro akajairika ndeokuti zvese zvekutanga nehafu yeawa fluidity inodzikira nekuwedzera kwezviri mukati meHPMC, uye kuderera kuri pachena kupfuura iyo yeHPMC ine viscosity ye100,000, zvichiratidza kuti kuwedzera kwe viscosity yeHPMC inoita kuti iwedzere. The thickening effect inosimbiswa, asi muO. Mhedzisiro yepimo pazasi 05% haisi pachena, iyo fluidity ine shanduko yakakura muhuwandu hwe0.05% kusvika 0.1%, uye maitiro ari zvakare muhuwandu hwe0.1% kusvika ku0.15%. Zvinonoke, kana kutorega kuchinja. Kuenzanisa iyo hafu yeawa fluidity kurasikirwa kukosha (yekutanga fluidity uye hafu-awa fluidity) yeHPMC ine maviscosities maviri, zvinogona kuwanikwa kuti HPMC ine yakakwira viscosity inogona kuderedza kukosha kwekurasikirwa, zvichiratidza kuti kuchengetwa kwayo kwemvura uye kumisikidza kudzoreredza mhedzisiro. nani pane iyo yepasi viscosity.
2. Tsanangudzo yepenomenon:
Panyaya yekudzora kubuda ropa, maHPMC maviri ane misiyano mishoma pakuita, ese anogona kuchengetedza mvura nekukora, kubvisa mhedzisiro yekubuda ropa, uye panguva imwechete inobvumira mabhubhu kuti afashukire zvinobudirira.
3.5 Kuedza nezve mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether pane fluidity yemvura yakakwira dhaka yeakasiyana cementitious zvinhu masisitimu.
3.5.1 Chiyero chekuyedza kuita kweselulosi ethers pamvura yakakwira-fluidity dhaka reakasiyana simende zvinhu masisitimu.
High fluidity mortar ichiri kushandiswa kutarisa simba rayo pamvura. Iyo mikuru yekunongedza zviratidzo ndeyekutanga uye hafu yeawa mortar fluidity yekuona.
(1) Chiyedzo chirongwa chevhu fluidity ine bhinari simende zvinhu zvakasanganiswa neCMC uye akasiyana mineral admixtures.
(2) Kuedza chirongwa chevhu fluidity neHPMC (viscosity 100,000) uye mabhinari simende zvinhu zveakasiyana mamineral admixtures.
(3) Kuedza chirongwa chevhu fluidity neHPMC (viscosity 150,000) uye mabhinari simende zvinhu zveakasiyana mamineral admixtures.
3.5.2 Mhedzisiro yecellulose ether pakuyerera kwedhaka remvura zhinji mubhinari simentitious material system yemamineral admixtures akasiyana Migumisiro yekuedzwa uye kuongorora.
(1) Yekutanga fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yebhinari simende dhaka yakasanganiswa neCMC uye akasiyana admixtures.
Kubva pamigumisiro yekuedzwa kwekutanga kwemvura, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti kuwedzerwa kwenhunzi inobhururuka kunogona kuvandudza zvishoma mvura yevhu; kana zviri mukati memineral powder iri 10%, iyo fluidity yevhu inogona kuvandudzwa zvishoma; uye silica fume ine simba guru pane fluidity, kunyanya muhuwandu hwe6% ~ 9% mutsauko wezvinyorwa, zvichiita kuti kuderera kwemvura inosvika 90mm.
Mumapoka maviri efly ash uye mineral powder, CMC inoderedza kusvibiswa kwedhaka kune imwe nzvimbo, asi muboka re silica fume, O. Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hweCMC pamusoro pe1% haichagadziri zvakanyanya kusvibiswa kwedhaka.
Hafu-awa fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yebinary simende dhaka yakasanganiswa neCMC uye akasiyana akasanganiswa.
Kubva pamigumisiro yekuedzwa kwemvura muhafu yeawa, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti mhedzisiro yezvinyorwa zve admixture uye CMC yakafanana neyekutanga, asi zvinyorwa zveCMC muboka remamineral powder zvinoshanduka kubva kuO. 1% kusvika O. Shanduko ye2% yakakura, pa30mm.
Nezvekurasikirwa kwemvura nekufamba kwenguva, kubhururuka madota kune mhedzisiro yekudzikisa kurasikirwa, nepo mineral powder uye silica fume ichawedzera kukosha kwekurasikirwa pasi peyero yakakura. Iyo 9% dosage ye silica fume inoitawo kuti test mold isazadzwe yega. , fluidity haigoni kuyerwa zvakarurama.
(2) Yekutanga fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yebhinari simende dhaka yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity 100,000) uye akasiyana admixtures.
Hafu-awa fluidity bvunzo mhinduro dzebinary cementitious dhaka yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity 100,000) uye akasiyana admixtures.
Inogona kupedzwa kuburikidza nemiedzo kuti kuwedzera kwenhunzi ash kunogona kuvandudza zvishoma kuyerera kwedhaka; kana zviri mukati memineral powder iri 10%, iyo fluidity yevhu inogona kuvandudzwa zvishoma; Chiyero chacho chinonzwa zvakanyanya, uye boka reHPMC rine dosi yakakwira pa9% ine nzvimbo dzakafa, uye fluidity inonyangarika.
Zviri mukati me cellulose ether uye silica fume ndizvo zvakare zviri pachena zvinhu zvinokanganisa kuyerera kwedhaka. Mhedzisiro yeHPMC sezviri pachena yakakura kupfuura iyo yeCMC. Zvimwe zvinosanganiswa zvinogona kuvandudza kurasikirwa kwemvura nekufamba kwenguva.
(3) Yekutanga fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yebhinari cementitious dhaka yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity ye150,000) uye akasiyana admixtures.
Hafu-awa fluidity bvunzo mhinduro yebinary simende dhaka yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity 150,000) uye akasiyana admixtures.
Inogona kupedzwa kuburikidza nemiedzo kuti kuwedzera kwenhunzi ash kunogona kuvandudza zvishoma kuyerera kwedhaka; kana zviri mukati memineral powder iri 10%, iyo fluidity yedhaka inogona kuvandudzwa zvishoma: silica fume ichiri kushanda zvakanyanya mukugadzirisa kubuda kweropa, nepo Fluidity inokanganisa mhedzisiro, asi isinganyanyi kushanda pane yayo mukuchenesa slurries. .
Nhamba huru yenzvimbo dzakafa dzakaonekwa pasi pehuwandu hweselulosi ether (kunyanya patafura yehafu yeawa fluidity), zvichiratidza kuti HPMC ine simba guru pakuderedza kusvibiswa kwedhaka, uye mineral powder uye fly ash zvinogona kuvandudza kurasikirwa. ye fluidity nekufamba kwenguva.
3.5 Chitsauko Pfupiso
1. Kunyatso kuenzanisa kuyerwa kwemvura yemvura yakachena simende paste yakasanganiswa nematatu cellulose ethers, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti
1. CMC ine zvimwe zvinodzoreredza uye zvinopinza mhepo mhedzisiro, isina kusimba kuchengetedza mvura, uye kumwe kurasikirwa nekufamba kwenguva.
2. Mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza mvura yeHPMC iri pachena, uye ine simba guru kune hurumende, uye mvura inoyerera inoderera zvakanyanya nekuwedzera kwezvinyorwa. Iine imwe mhepo-entraining effect, uye kukora kuri pachena. 15% inokonzeresa mabhubhu makuru mune slurry, izvo zvinosungirwa kuve zvinokanganisa simba. Nekuwedzera kweHPMC viscosity, iyo nguva-inotsamira kurasikirwa kwe slurry fluidity yakawedzera zvishoma, asi zvisiri pachena.
2. Kunyatsoenzanisa slurry fluidity test yebhinari gelling system yemamineral admixtures akasiyana-siyana akasanganiswa nematatu cellulose ethers, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti:
1. Mutemo wepesvedzero yematatu e-cellulose ethers pane fluidity ye slurry yebhinari cementitious system yemamineral admixtures akasiyana-siyana ane maitiro akafanana nepesvedzero yemutemo wekuyerera kweiyo pure simende slurry. CMC haina mhedzisiro pakudzora kubuda kweropa, uye ine isina kusimba painoderedza fluidity; marudzi maviri eHPMC anogona kuwedzera viscosity yeslurry uye kuderedza fluidity zvakanyanya, uye iyo ine viscosity yakakwirira ine mhedzisiro iri pachena.
2. Pakati pezvisanganiswa, madota anobhururuka ane imwe dhigirii yekuvandudza pane yekutanga uye hafu yeawa fluidity ye slurry yakachena, uye zvinyorwa zve 30% zvinogona kuwedzerwa ne 30mm; mhedzisiro yemamineral powder pane fluidity ye slurry yakachena haina nguva yakajeka; silicon Kunyangwe izvo zviri mudota zvakaderera, iyo yakasarudzika yekupedzisira-kunaka, kukurumidza kuita, uye yakasimba adsorption inoita kuti ideredze zvakanyanya fluidity ye slurry, kunyanya kana 0.15% HPMC yawedzerwa, pachave nekoni molds isingagoni kuzadzwa. The phenomenon.
3. Mukutonga kwekubuda ropa, kubhururuka madota uye mineral powder hazvisi pachena, uye silica fume inogona pachena kuderedza kuwanda kwekubuda ropa.
4. Maererano nehafu yeawa kurasikirwa kwemvura, kukosha kwekurasikirwa kwefly ash kuduku, uye kurasikirwa kweboka rinosanganisira silica fume yakakura.
5. Mukusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana kwezviri mukati, zvinhu zvinokanganisa kuyerera kwe slurry, zviri mukati meHPMC uye silica fume ndizvo zvinonyanya kukosha, kungave kutonga kwekubuda kweropa kana kutonga kwekuyerera, ndiko. zviri pachena. Kufurira kwemamineral powder uye mineral powder ndeyechipiri, uye inoita basa rekubatsira kugadzirisa.
3. Kunyatso kuenzanisa kuyerwa kwemvura yedhaka yakachena simende yakasanganiswa nematatu cellulose ether, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti
1. Mushure mekuwedzera ethers matatu e-cellulose, chiitiko chekubuda ropa chakabviswa zvinobudirira, uye kuyerera kwedhaka kazhinji kwakadzikira. Kumwe kukora, kuchengetedza mvura. CMC ine kumwe kudzoreredza uye mhepo-inopinza mhedzisiro, isina kusimba kuchengetedza mvura, uye kumwe kurasikirwa nekufamba kwenguva.
2. Mushure mekuwedzera CMC, kurasikirwa kwedhaka fluidity nekufamba kwenguva kunowedzera, izvo zvingave nokuti CMC ionic cellulose ether, iyo iri nyore kugadzira mvura neCa2 + mu simenti.
3. Kuenzanisa kwematatu e-cellulose ethers kunoratidza kuti CMC ine simba shoma pamvura, uye marudzi maviri eHPMC anoderedza zvakanyanya kuyerera kwedhaka pane zviri mukati 1/1000, uye iyo ine viscosity yepamusoro inopfuura zvishoma. pachena.
4. Idzo mhando nhatu dze cellulose ether dzine imwe air-entraining effect, iyo ichaita kuti mabhubhu epamusoro afashukire, asi kana zviri mukati meHPMC zvasvika zvinodarika 0.1%, nekuda kwehurefu hwekuona slurry, mabubbles anoramba ari mukati. slurry uye haigoni kufashukira.
5. Mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza mvura yeHPMC iri pachena, iyo ine simba guru pamamiriro ezvinhu emusanganiswa, uye kunyunguduka kunoderera zvakanyanya nekuwedzera kwezvinyorwa, uye kuwedzera kuri pachena.
4. Nyatsoenzanisa bvunzo ye fluidity ye multiple mineral admixture binary cementitious materials yakasanganiswa nematatu cellulose ethers.
Sezvaunogona kuona:
1. Mutemo wepesvedzero wematatu e-cellulose ether pakuyerera kwe-multi-component cementitious material mortar wakafanana nepesvedzero yemutemo pakuyerera kwetsvina yakachena. CMC haina mhedzisiro pakudzora kubuda kweropa, uye ine isina kusimba painoderedza fluidity; marudzi maviri eHPMC anogona kuwedzera viscosity yedhaka uye kuderedza fluidity zvakanyanya, uye iyo ine viscosity yakakwirira ine mhedzisiro yakajeka.
2. Pakati pezvisanganiswa, kubhururuka kwedota kune imwe dhigirii yekuvandudza pane yekutanga nehafu yeawa fluidity yekuchenesa slurry; pesvedzero yehupfu hwe slag pane fluidity ye slurry yakachena haina nguva yakajeka; kunyangwe izvo zviri mukati mesilica fume zvakaderera, iyo yakasarudzika yekupedzisira-kunaka, kukurumidza kuita uye yakasimba adsorption inoita kuti ive nekuderedza kukuru mhedzisiro pakuyerera kweiyo slurry. Nekudaro, kana zvichienzaniswa nemhedzisiro yekuyedzwa kwepaste yakachena, inowanikwa kuti mhedzisiro yezvisanganiswa zvinowanzoita kushaya simba.
3. Mukutonga kwekubuda ropa, kubhururuka madota uye mineral powder hazvisi pachena, uye silica fume inogona pachena kuderedza kuwanda kwekubuda ropa.
4. Mukusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana kweyero, zvinhu zvinokanganisa kuyerera kwedhaka, chiyero cheHPMC uye silica fume ndizvo zvinhu zvakakosha, kungave kutonga kwekubuda kweropa kana kutonga kwekuyerera, zvakanyanya. zviri pachena, iyo silica fume 9% Kana zvirimo zveHPMC zviri 0.15%, zviri nyore kuita kuti mold yekuzadza iome kuzadza, uye pesvedzero yezvimwe zvakasanganiswa ndeyechipiri uye inoita basa rekubatsira rekugadzirisa.
5. Pachave nemafuru pamusoro pedhaka rine fluidity inodarika 250mm, asi boka risina cellulose ether kazhinji harina mabubbles kana kuti mabhuru maduku chete, zvichiratidza kuti cellulose ether ine imwe air-entraining. mhedzisiro uye inoita slurry viscous. Uye zvakare, nekuda kwekuwandisa viscosity yedhaka ine mvura isina kusimba, zvinonetsa kuti mabhuru emhepo ayangamire kumusoro nekuzvimiririra kurema kwe slurry, asi inochengetwa mudhaka, uye simba rayo pasimba harigone kuve. kufuratirwa.
Chitsauko 4 Migumisiro yeCellulose Ethers paMechanical Properties yeMortar
Chitsauko chakapfuura chakadzidza mhedzisiro yekushandiswa kwakasanganiswa kwe cellulose ether uye akasiyana mamineral admixtures pane fluidity yeakachena slurry uye yakakwirira fluidity dhaka. Ichi chitsauko chinonyanya kuongorora kushandiswa kwakabatanidzwa kwe cellulose ether uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasanganiswa pane yakakwira fluidity mortar Uye simba rekumanikidzika uye kushanduka kwesimba rekubatanidza dhaka, uye hukama huri pakati pesimba rekubatana kwechisungo chekubatanidza uye cellulose ether uye mineral. admixtures zvakare inopfupikiswa uye kuongororwa.
Maererano nekutsvakurudza pamusoro pekushanda kweselulosi ether kune simenti-based material ye pure paste uye dhaka muChitsauko 3, muchikamu chekuedza simba, zvinyorwa zve cellulose ether ndeye 0.1%.
4.1 Inodzvinyirira uye inoshanduka simba bvunzo yeyakakwira fluidity dhaka
Iko kusimba uye kushanduka kwemasimba emamineral admixtures uye cellulose ethers mune yakakwira-fluidity infusion mortar yakaongororwa.
4.1.1 Kupesvedzera bvunzo pakumanikidza uye kuchinjika kwesimba resimende-yakavakirwa yakakwirira fluidity dhaka
Mhedzisiro yemhando nhatu dze cellulose ethers pane compressive uye flexural properties ye pure simende-based high-fluid mortar pamazera akasiyana-siyana pane yakatarwa ye 0.1% yakaitwa pano.
Kuongororwa kwesimba rekutanga: Panyaya yekusimba kwesimba, CMC ine imwe yekusimbisa mhedzisiro, nepo HPMC ine imwe yekuderedza maitiro; maererano nekusimba kwesimba, kubatanidzwa kwe cellulose ether kune mutemo wakafanana neine flexural simba; iyo viscosity yeHPMC inokanganisa masimba maviri. Iyo ine zvishoma mhedzisiro: maererano neiyo pressure-fold reshiyo, ese matatu cellulose ethers anogona kunyatso kudzikisa kudzvanywa-kupeta reshiyo uye kuwedzera kuchinjika kwedhaka. Pakati pavo, HPMC ine viscosity ye150,000 ine yakanyanya kujeka mhedzisiro.
(2) Mazuva manomwe ekuenzanisa simba rekuedza mhinduro
Kuongororwa kwesimba remazuva manomwe: Panyaya yesimba rekuchinjika uye simba rekumanikidza, kune mutemo wakafanana kune simba remazuva matatu. Kuenzaniswa nemazuva matatu-kupeta-kupeta, pane kuwedzera kuduku kwesimba rekupeta-kupeta. Nekudaro, kuenzaniswa kweiyo data yenguva yezera rimwe chete inogona kuona mhedzisiro yeHPMC pakuderedzwa kweiyo kumanikidza-kupeta ratio. zviri pachena.
(3) Mazuva makumi maviri nemasere simba rekuenzanisa bvunzo mhinduro
Kuongororwa kwesimba remazuva makumi maviri nemasere: Panyaya yesimba rekuchinjika uye simba rekumanikidza, kune mitemo yakafanana kune simba remazuva matatu. Simba rekushanduka-shanduka rinowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye simba rekumanikidza richiri kuwedzera kune imwe nhanho. Iyo data yekuenzanisa yenguva imwe chete yezera inoratidza kuti HPMC ine mhedzisiro yakajeka pakuvandudza reshiyo yekumanikidza-kupeta.
Zvinoenderana nekuyedzwa kwesimba kwechikamu ichi, zvinoonekwa kuti kuvandudzwa kwebrittleness yedhaka kunogumira neCMC, uye dzimwe nguva chiyero chekumanikidza-kupeta chinowedzerwa, zvichiita kuti dhaka riwedzere brittle. Panguva imwecheteyo, sezvo mvura yekuchengetedza mvura yakawanda kupfuura iyo yeHPMC, iyo cellulose ether yatinofunga yekuedza simba pano iHPMC yemaviscosities maviri. Kunyangwe HPMC ine imwe mhedzisiro yekudzikisa simba (kunyanya kune yekutanga simba), zvinobatsira kudzikisa iyo compression-refraction ratio, iyo inobatsira kuoma kwedhaka. Pamusoro pezvo, zvakasanganiswa nezvinhu zvinokanganisa kuyerera muChitsauko 3, mukudzidza kwekusanganiswa kwezvakasanganiswa uye CE Muyedzo yemhedzisiro, isu tichashandisa HPMC (100,000) sekufananidza CE.
4.1.2 Kupesvedzera bvunzo yekumanikidza uye kuchinjika simba remaminerari musanganiswa wakakwira fluidity mortar
Zvinoenderana nekuyedzwa kwekuyerera kweiyo yakachena slurry uye dhaka yakasanganiswa neyakasanganiswa muchitsauko chapfuura, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti fluidity ye silica fume iri pachena yakadzikira nekuda kwemvura zhinji inodiwa, kunyangwe ichigona kuvandudza density nesimba kumwero wakati. , kunyanya simba rekumanikidza, asi zviri nyore kuita kuti chiyero chekumanikidza-kupeta chive chakakurisa, izvo zvinoita kuti brittleness yevhu ishamise, uye iko kubvumirana kuti silica fume inowedzera kuderera kwedhaka. Panguva imwecheteyo, nekuda kwekushaikwa kwe skeleton shrinkage ye coarse aggregate, iyo shrinkage kukosha kwedhaka yakakura maererano nekongiri. Kudhaka (kunyanya dhaka rakakosha senge dhaka rekubatanidza nedhaka rekupurasita), kukuvadza kukuru kunowanzo kuderera. Pakutsemuka kunokonzerwa nekurasikirwa kwemvura, simba kazhinji harisi iro rinonyanya kukosha. Nokudaro, silica fume yakaraswa semusanganiswa, uye chete madota anobhururuka uye mineral powder zvakashandiswa kuongorora mhedzisiro yezvakagadzirwa zvayo ne cellulose ether pane simba.
4.1.2.1 Compressive uye flexural simba test scheme ye high fluidity mortar
Mukuedza uku, chikamu chedhaka mu4.1.1 chakashandiswa, uye zvinyorwa zve cellulose ether zvakagadziriswa pa 0.1% uye zvichienzaniswa neboka risina chinhu. Chiyero cheyero yeadhimixture bvunzo ndeye 0%, 10%, 20% uye 30%.
4.1.2.2 Compressive and flexural simba test results and analysis of high fluidity mortar
Inogona kuoneka kubva kune inomanikidza simba bvunzo kukosha kuti iyo 3d yekumanikidza simba mushure mekuwedzera HPMC inenge 5/VIPa yakaderera pane iyo yeboka risina chinhu. Kazhinji, nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekusanganiswa kwakawedzerwa, simba rekumanikidza rinoratidza kuderera kwemaitiro. . Mukutaura kwekusanganiswa, simba reboka remamineral powder risina HPMC ndiro rakanakisisa, asi simba reboka refly ash rakanyanya kuderera kupfuura yeboka remamineral powder, zvichiratidza kuti mineral powder haisi kushanda sesimenti, uye kubatanidzwa kwayo kuchaderedza zvishoma simba rekutanga rehurongwa. Dota renhunzi rine basa rakaderera rinoderedza simba zviri pachena. Chikonzero chekuongorora chinofanira kunge chiri chekuti nhunzi yedota inonyanya kubatanidzwa mune yechipiri hydration ye simenti, uye haibatsiri zvakanyanya kusimba rekutanga revhu.
Zvinogona kuoneka kubva kune flexural simba bvunzo kukosha kuti HPMC ichine yakashata mhedzisiro pane inoshanduka simba, asi kana zviri mukati meiyo admixture zvakwira, chiitiko chekudzikisa flexural simba hachichave pachena. Chikonzero chinogona kunge chiri chekuchengetedza mvura kweHPMC. Mwero wekurasikirwa kwemvura pamusoro peiyo mortar test block inodzikiswa, uye mvura ye hydration inokwana.
Panyaya yezvisanganiswa, simba rekushanduka-shanduka rinoratidza kuderera kwemaitiro nekuwedzera kwezvakasanganiswa zvemukati, uye simba rekushanduka-shanduka reboka remamineral powder rakakurawo zvishoma kudarika reboka renhunzi, zvichiratidza kuti basa remamineral powder ndiro. yakakura kupfuura iyo yemadota enhunzi.
Inogona kuonekwa kubva kune yakaverengerwa kukosha kweiyo compression-kuderedza reshiyo kuti kuwedzera kweHPMC kuchanyatso kudzikisa iyo compression reshiyo uye kunatsiridza kuchinjika kwedhaka, asi iko kuri kudhura kwekudzikisira kukuru kwesimba rekumanikidza.
Mukutaura kwekusanganiswa, sezvo huwandu hwekusanganiswa hunowedzera, iyo compression-fold ratio inowedzera kuwedzera, zvichiratidza kuti admixture haibatsiri kushanduka kwedhaka. Uye zvakare, zvinogona kuwanikwa kuti iyo yekumanikidza-peta reshiyo yedhaka isina HPMC inowedzera nekuwedzera kweiyo admixture. Kuwedzera kwacho kwakakura zvishoma, ndiko kuti, HPMC inogona kuvandudza kuumbwa kwedhaka kunokonzerwa nekuwedzera kweadhimixtures kune imwe nhanho.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti nokuda kwekumanikidzika kwesimba re7d, migumisiro yakaipa yezvisanganiswa haisisiri pachena. Iwo anomanikidza masimba masimba akada kufanana pane yega yega admixture dosage level, uye HPMC ichine dhizaini iri pachena pasimba rekumanikidza. effect.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti maererano nekusimba kwesimba, kusanganiswa kune kukanganisa kunokonzera 7d flexural resistance seyese, uye chete boka remamineral powders rakaita zviri nani, rakachengetwa pa11-12MPa.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti admixture ine mhedzisiro yakaipa maererano neiyo indentation ratio. Nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekusanganiswa, iyo indentation ratio inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, kureva kuti, dhaka rine brittle. HPMC inogona zviripachena kuderedza iyo compression-fold reshiyo uye kugadzirisa brittleness yedhaka.
Zvinogona kuoneka kuti kubva ku28d yekumanikidza simba, musanganiswa wakaita zviri pachena zvinobatsira pasimba rekupedzisira, uye iyo yekumanikidza simba yakawedzera ne 3-5MPa, iyo inonyanya kukonzerwa neiyo micro-kuzadza mhedzisiro yemusanganiswa. uye pozzolanic zvinhu. Iyo yechipiri hydration mhedzisiro yechinhu, kune rumwe rutivi, inogona kushandisa nekudya iyo calcium hydroxide inogadzirwa ne simenti hydration (calcium hydroxide chikamu chisina kusimba mudhaka, uye hupfumi hwayo munzvimbo yekushandura inokuvadza simba), Kugadzira zvimwe Zvigadzirwa zve hydration, kune rumwe rutivi, kusimudzira hydration dhigirii resimende uye kuita kuti dhaka riwedzere kudhaka. HPMC ichine yakakosha mhedzisiro pasimba rekumanikidza, uye simba rinopera simba rinogona kusvika kupfuura 10MPa. Kuongorora zvikonzero, HPMC inosvitsa imwe huwandu hwemhepo mabhubhu mune yekusanganisa dhaka maitiro, izvo zvinoderedza kusimba kwemuviri wevhu. Ichi ndicho chimwe chikonzero. HPMC inoshambadzirwa zviri nyore pamusoro pezvimedu zvakasimba kuti iite firimu, ichitadzisa iyo hydration process, uye iyo interface yekushandura nzvimbo haina kusimba, iyo isingaite simba.
Zvinogona kuoneka kuti maererano ne28d flexural simba, iyo data ine yakakura kupararira pane kumanikidza simba, asi yakashata mhedzisiro yeHPMC inogona kuramba ichionekwa.
Zvinogona kuoneka kuti, kubva pakuona kweiyo compression-kuderedza reshiyo, HPMC inowanzo batsira kudzikisa kudzvanya-kudzikisa reshiyo uye kugadzirisa kuoma kwedhaka. Mune rimwe boka, nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekusanganiswa, iyo compression-refraction ratio inowedzera. Ongororo yezvikonzero inoratidza kuti musanganiswa une kuvandudzwa kuri pachena mune yakazodzvanya simba, asi kushoma kuvandudzwa mune yakazotevera flexural simba, zvichikonzera compression-refraction ratio. kuvandudzika.
4.2 Inodzvinyirira uye inochinjika simba bvunzo dzeakasungwa dhaka
Kuti uongorore simba re cellulose ether uye admixture pane compressive uye flexural simba re bonded mortar, kuedza kwakagadzirisa zvinyorwa zve cellulose ether HPMC (viscosity 100,000) se 0.30% yehuremu hwakaoma hwedhaka. uye zvichienzaniswa neboka risina chinhu.
Admixtures (fly ash uye slag powder) zvichiri kuedzwa pa0%, 10%, 20%, uye 30%.
4.2.1 Compressive uye flexural simba test scheme ye bonded mortar
4.2.2 Miedzo mhinduro uye kuongororwa kwesimba rekumanikidza uye flexural simba re bonded mortar
Zvinogona kuoneka kubva mukuyedza kuti HPMC haina kunaka maererano neiyo 28d yekumanikidza simba rekubatanidza dhaka, izvo zvichaita kuti simba rideredze neanenge 5MPa, asi chiratidzo chakakosha chekutonga kunaka kwedhaka rekubatanidza haisi iyo. kudzvinyirira simba, saka zvinogamuchirwa; Kana iyo kompani yemukati iri 20%, iyo yekumanikidza simba iri nani.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva mukuedza kuti kubva pakuona kwesimba rekushandura, kuderedza simba kunokonzerwa neHPMC hakusi kukuru. Zvingave kuti dhaka rekubatanidza rine kusanaya kwemvura uye hunhu hwepurasitiki huri pachena kana uchienzaniswa nedhaka remvura zhinji. Izvo zvakanaka mhedzisiro yekutsvedza uye kuchengetedza kwemvura zvinogadzirisa zvimwe zvezvakaipa zvinokonzeresa kuunza gasi kuderedza compactness uye kushaya simba kwechimiro; admixtures haana mhedzisiro yakajeka pane flexural simba, uye data yeboka renhunzi inoshanduka zvishoma.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva kune zviedzo izvo, maererano nekudzvinyirira-kuderedza chiyero, kazhinji, kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hunowedzera huwandu hwekudzvinyirirwa-kuderedza, izvo zvisingafadzi kuoma kwedhaka; HPMC ine maitiro akanaka, anogona kuderedza kudzvinyirira-kuderedza reshiyo neO. 5 pamusoro, inofanira kutaurwa kuti, maererano ne "JG 149.2003 Yakawedzerwa Polystyrene Board Thin Plaster External Wall External Insulation System", pane kazhinji hapana chinosungirwa chinodiwa. nokuda kwekumanikidza-kupeta chiyero muchiratidzo chekuona chekubatanidza dhaka, uye iyo compression-kupeta reshiyo inonyanya Kushandiswa kudzikamisa brittleness yedhaka rekupurasita, uye iyi index inongoshandiswa sechiratidziro chekuchinjika kwekubatana. dhaka.
4.3 Bonding Simba Muedzo weBonding Mortar
Kuti uongorore mutemo wepesvedzero yekushandiswa kwemusanganiswa we cellulose ether uye musanganiswa pasimba rebhondi redhaka rakasungwa, tarisa ku "JG/T3049.1998 Putty Yekuvaka Imukati" uye "JG 149.2003 Yakawedzera Polystyrene Board Thin Plastering Exterior Walls" Insulation Sisitimu", takaita bond simba bvunzo ye bonding mortar, tichishandisa bonding mortar ratio muTable 4.2.1, uye kugadzirisa zviri mukati cellulose ether HPMC (viscosity 100,000) kusvika 0 yehuremu hwakaoma hwedhaka .30% , uye zvichienzaniswa neboka risina chinhu.
Admixtures (fly ash uye slag powder) zvichiri kuedzwa pa0%, 10%, 20%, uye 30%.
4.3.1 Test scheme ye bond simba re bond mortar
4.3.2 Miedzo uye ongororo yesimba re bond ye bond mortar
(1) 14d bond simba bvunzo mhinduro dze bonding dhaka uye simende dhaka
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva mukuedza kuti mapoka akawedzerwa neHPMC ari nani zvikuru kupfuura boka risina chinhu, zvichiratidza kuti HPMC inobatsira kune simba rekubatanidza, kunyanya nokuti mvura yekuchengetedza mvura yeHPMC inodzivirira mvura pahutano hwekubatanidza pakati pevhu uye. iyo sement mortar test block. Iyo yekubatanidza dhaka pane iyo interface yakazara hydrated, nekudaro ichiwedzera iyo bond simba.
Panyaya yezvakasanganiswa, simba rezvisungo rinenge rakakwira pachiyero che10%, uye kunyangwe iyo hydration degree uye kumhanya kwesimende kunogona kuvandudzwa pamwero wepamusoro, zvinotungamira mukuderera kweiyo yakazara hydration degree yecementitious. zvinhu, nokudaro zvichikonzera kunamira. kuderera musimba repfundo.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva mukuedza kuti maererano nekukosha kwekuedzwa kwekushanda kwenguva yakasimba, iyo data inenge yakanyatsojeka, uye kusanganiswa kune zvishoma, asi kazhinji, kana zvichienzaniswa nehukuru hwepakutanga, pane imwe kuderera, uye kuderera kweHPMC kuduku kudarika kweboka risina chinhu, zvichiratidza kuti Inogumiswa kuti mvura yekuchengetedza mvura yeHPMC inobatsira pakuderedza kupararira kwemvura, kuitira kuti kuderera kwechisungo chevhu kuderera mushure me2.5h.
(2) 14d bond simba bvunzo mhinduro dze bonding dhaka uye yakawedzera polystyrene board
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva mukuedza kuti kukosha kwekuedzwa kwesimba rechisungo pakati pevhu rekubatanidza uye polystyrene bhodhi rinonyanya kujeka. Kazhinji, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti boka rakasanganiswa neHPMC rinoshanda kupfuura boka risina chinhu nekuda kwekuchengetedza mvura zviri nani. Zvakanaka, kubatanidzwa kwe admixtures kunoderedza kugadzikana kweiyo bond simba bvunzo.
4.4 Chitsauko Pfupiso
1. Kune yakakwira fluidity dhaka, nekuwedzera kwezera, iyo compressive-fold reshiyo ine maitiro ekumusoro; kubatanidzwa kweHPMC kune mhedzisiro iri pachena yekudzikisa simba (kuderera kwesimba rekumanikidza kuri pachena), izvo zvinotungamirawo kuKuderera kweiyo compression-kupeta reshiyo, ndiko kuti, HPMC ine rubatsiro rwakajeka pakuvandudza kwedhaka kuoma. . Mukutaura kwemazuva matatu simba, kubhururuka madota uye mineral powder kunogona kuita zvishoma zvishoma kune simba pa10%, asi simba rinoderera pachiyero chepamusoro, uye chiyero chekupwanya chinowedzera nekuwedzera kwemaminerari admixtures; musimba remazuva manomwe, Izvo zviviri zvinosanganiswa zvine zvishoma zvinokanganisa simba, asi iyo yose mhedzisiro yekuderedza simba renhunzi ichiri pachena; maererano nesimba remazuva makumi maviri nemasere, maviri admixtures akabatsira kune simba, kudzvinyirira uye kushanduka simba. Ose ari maviri akawedzera zvishoma, asi iyo yekumanikidza-peta reshiyo ichiri kuwedzera nekuwedzera kwezviri mukati.
2. Kune 28d inomanikidza uye inoshanduka simba ye bonded dhaka, apo admixture content iri 20%, iyo compressive uye flexural simba kushanda kuri nani, uye kusanganiswa kuchiri kutungamirira kukuwedzera kuduku muhuwandu hwekugadzirisa-kupeta, kuratidza Kuipa kwayo. mhedzisiro pakuoma kwedhaka; HPMC inotungamira mukudzikira kukuru kwesimba, asi inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kuwanda-kupeta reshiyo.
3. Nezvekusimba kwechisungo chedhaka rakasungwa, HPMC ine kumwe kurudziro yakanaka pakusimba kwechisungo. Kuongorora kunofanirwa kunge kuri kuti kuchengetedza kwayo kwemvura kunoderedza kurasikirwa kwevhu kunyorova uye kunova nechokwadi chekuti hydration yakakwana; Ukama huri pakati pezviri musanganiswa hausi wenguva dzose, uye kushanda kwese kuri nani nesamende dhaka kana zvirimo zviri 10%.
Chitsauko 5 Nzira Yekufanotaura Nekudzvanya Simba redhaka neKongiri
Muchitsauko chino, nzira yekufanotaura kusimba kwesimende-based zvinhu zvichibva pane admixture basa coefficient uye FERET simba dzidziso inokurudzirwa. Isu tinotanga tafunga nezvedhaka semhando yakakosha yekongiri isina akakoshera aggregates.
Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti simba rekumanikidza chiratidzo chakakosha chesimende-yakavakirwa zvinhu (kongiri uye dhaka) inoshandiswa sezvimiro zvinhu. Nekudaro, nekuda kwezvinhu zvakawanda zvinopesvedzera, hapana masvomhu modhi inogona kunyatsofanotaura kusimba kwayo. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kumwe kusagadzikana kune dhizaini, kugadzira uye kushandiswa kwedhaka uye kongiri. Mienzaniso iripo yesimba rekongiri ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira: vamwe vanofanotaura kusimba kwekongiri kuburikidza neporosity yekrete kubva kune yakajairika maonero eiyo porosity yezvinhu zvakasimba; vamwe vanotarisa pane pesvedzero yemvura-binder ratio relationship pane simba. Iri bepa rinonyanya kusanganisa iyo chiitiko coefficient yepozzolanic admixture neFeret's simba dzidziso, uye inoita mamwe magadzirirwo kuti iite kuti inyatso kufanotaura simba rekumanikidza.
5.1 Dzidziso Yesimba raFeret
Muna 1892, Feret akagadzira yekutanga masvomhu modhi yekufanotaura simba rekumanikidza. Pasi pechimiro chekupihwa kongiri mbishi zvinhu, iyo formula yekufanotaura simba rekongiri inokurudzirwa kekutanga.
Kubatsira kweiyi fomula ndeyekuti iyo grout concentration, iyo inobatana nesimba rekongiri, ine yakanyatsotsanangurwa yemuviri zvinoreva. Panguva imwecheteyo, pesvedzero yemukati yemhepo inotariswa, uye kurongeka kwechimiro kunogona kuratidzwa mumuviri. Chikonzero cheiyi fomula ndechekuti inoratidza ruzivo rwekuti pane muganhu kune simba rekongiri rinogona kuwanikwa. Izvo zvakashata ndezvekuti inoregeredza pesvedzero yeaggregate particle size, particle shape uye aggregate type. Paunenge uchifanotaura kusimba kwekongiri pamazera akasiyana nekugadzirisa kukosha kweK, hukama pakati pesimba rakasiyana uye zera rinoratidzwa seti yekusiyana kuburikidza nekurongeka kwakabva. Iyo curve haienderane nemamiriro chaiwo (kunyanya kana zera rakareba). Ehe, iyi fomula yakatsanangurwa naFeret yakagadzirirwa dhaka re10.20MPa. Iyo haigone kunyatsoenderana nekuvandudzwa kwekongiri yekumanikidza simba uye pesvedzero yekuwedzera zvikamu nekuda kwekufambira mberi kwedhaka kongiri tekinoroji.
Inofungidzirwa pano kuti kusimba kwekongiri (kunyanya kune yakajairwa kongiri) kunonyanya kuenderana nekusimba kwesamende dhaka mukongiri, uye kusimba kwesamende dhaka kunoenderana nekuwanda kwesamende paste, ndiko kuti, huwandu hwehuwandu. zvesimende zvinhu zviri paste.
Dzidziso yacho yakanyatsoenderana nemhedzisiro yevoid ratio factor pasimba. Nekudaro, nekuti iyo dzidziso yakaiswa pamberi pekare, pesvedzero yezvikamu zvemusanganiswa pane simba rekongiri haina kutariswa. Tichifunga izvi, bepa rino richaunza iyo admixture pesvedzero coefficient zvichibva pane chiitiko coefficient yekugadziriswa zvishoma. Panguva imwecheteyo, pahwaro hwefomula iyi, pesvedzero coefficient ye porosity pane kongiri simba inovakwa patsva.
5.2 Chiitiko coefficient
Iyo yechiitiko coefficient, Kp, inoshandiswa kurondedzera mhedzisiro yepozzolanic zvinhu pane inomanikidza simba. Zviri pachena kuti zvinoenderana nemhando ye pozzolanic zvinhu pachayo, asiwo pazera rekrete. Nheyo yekuona iyo coefficient yebasa ndeyekuenzanisa simba rekumanikidza redhaka rakajairwa nesimba rekumanikidza reimwe dhaka ine pozzolanic admixtures uye kutsiva simende nechiyero chakafanana chesimende yemhando (nyika p ndiyo chiitiko coefficient test. Shandisa surrogate muzana). Huyero hwemasimba maviri aya hunodaidzwa kuti chiitiko coefficient fO), apo t izera redhaka panguva yekuedzwa. Kana fO) iri pasi pe1, basa re pozzolan rishoma pane re simenti r. Zvakasiyana, kana fO) yakakura kudarika 1, pozzolan ine reactivity yepamusoro (izvi zvinowanzoitika kana silica fume yawedzerwa).
Kune iyo inowanzo shandiswa basa coefficient pa 28-zuva rekumanikidza simba, maererano ((GBT18046.2008 Granulated blast furnace slag poda inoshandiswa mu simenti nekongiri) H90, iyo basa coefficient ye granulated blast furnace slag poda iri mune yakajairwa simende dhaka Isimba reshiyo. yakawanikwa nekutsiva 50% simende pahwaro bvunzo maererano ((GBT1596.2005 Fly ash rinoshandiswa simende uye kongiri), basa coefficient of nhunzi ash inowanikwa pashure kutsiva 30% simende pahwaro mureza simende dhaka; bvunzo Zvinoenderana ne "GB.T27690.2011 Silica Fume yeMota neKongiri", iyo basa coefficient ye silica fume ndiyo reshiyo yesimba inowanikwa nekutsiva 10% simende pahwaro hweyakajairwa simende yedhaka bvunzo.
Kazhinji, granulated blast furnace slag powder Kp=0.95～1.10, inobhururuka madota Kp=0.7-1.05, silica fume Kp=1.00～1.15. Isu tinofungidzira kuti mhedzisiro yaro pasimba yakazvimirira pane simende. Ndiko kuti, iyo nzira yepozzolanic reaction inofanira kudzorwa ne reactivity ye pozzolan, kwete neine lime precipitation rate ye simenti hydration.
5.3 Kupesvedzera coefficient of admixture pane simba
5.4 Kupesvedzera coefficient yekushandiswa kwemvura pane simba
5.5 Kupesvedzera coefficient of aggregate composition pane simba
Zvinoenderana nemaonero emapurofesa PK Mehta uye PC Aitcin muUnited States, kuitira kuti vakwanise kushanda zvakanyanya uye simba zvivakwa zveHPC panguva imwe chete, huwandu hwehuwandu hwesimende slurry kuungana hunofanira kunge huri 35:65 [4810] Nekuti. of the general plasticity and fluidity Iyo yakazara yakawanda yeaggregate yekrete haina kuchinja zvakanyanya. Chero bedzi iyo simba reiyo aggregate base zvinhu pachayo richisangana nezvinodiwa zveiyo yakatarwa, pesvedzero yehuwandu hwehuwandu hweaggregate pasimba inofuratirwa, uye iyo yakazara chikamu chikamu chinogona kutariswa mukati me60-70% zvichienderana nekudonha zvinodiwa. .
Zvinotendwa zvinotendwa kuti chiyero cheyakaomesesa uye yakanaka aggregates ichave nekumwe pesvedzero pakusimba kwekongiri. Sezvatinoziva tese, chikamu chisina kusimba mukongiri inzvimbo yekushandura nzvimbo pakati peaggregate uye simende uye mamwe simende zvinhu paste. Naizvozvo, kutadza kwekupedzisira kwekongiri yakajairika kunokonzerwa nekukuvadzwa kwekutanga kweiyo interface transition zone pasi pekunetseka kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakaita semutoro kana shanduko yekushisa. kunokonzerwa nekuenderera mberi kwekukura kwekutsemuka. Naizvozvo, kana dhigirii re hydration rakafanana, iyo yakakura iyo interface yekushandura zone, zviri nyore kutsemuka kwekutanga kuzoita kureba kuburikidza nekutsemuka mushure mekushushikana kwekushushikana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti, iyo yakawanda yakaomesesa aggregates ane akajairika maumbirwo ejometri uye zvikero zvakakura munzvimbo yekushandura, kunowedzera kushushikana kwekusagadzikana kwekutsemuka kwekutanga, uye macroscopically inoratidzwa kuti simba rekongiri rinowedzera nekuwedzera kweiyo coarse aggregate. ratio. kuderedzwa. Zvisinei, chirevo chiri pamusoro apa ndechekuti inodikanwa kuve jecha riri pakati nepakati rine madhaka mashoma.
Muyero wejecha unewo imwe pesvedzero pakudonha. Naizvozvo, mwero wejecha unogona kugadzikwa nezvinodiwa zvekudonha, uye unogona kutariswa mukati me32% kusvika 46% kune yakajairika kongiri.
Huwandu uye hwakasiyana-siyana hwekusanganiswa uye mineral admixtures zvinotemerwa nemusanganiswa wekuedzwa. Mukongiri yakajairika, huwandu hwemaminerari admixture hunofanirwa kunge huri pasi pe40%, nepo mukongiri yakasimba-yakasimba, silica fume haifanirwe kudarika 10%. Kuwanda kwesimende hakufaniri kudarika 500kg/m3.
5.6 Kushandiswa kweiyi nzira yekufanotaura kutungamira musanganiswa proportion calculation muenzaniso
Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa ndezvizvi:
Simende inonzi E042.5 simende inogadzirwa neLubi Cement Factory, Laiwu City, Shandong Province, uye density yayo i3.19/cm3;
Fly ash igiredhi II ball ash inogadzirwa neJinan Huangtai Power Plant, uye basa rayo coefficient ndeye O. 828, density yayo i2.59/cm3;
Iyo silica fume inogadzirwa neShandong Sanmei Silicon Material Co., Ltd. ine chiitiko coefficient ye1.10 uye density ye2.59/cm3;
Taian dry river sand ine density ye2.6 g/cm3, a bulk density ye1480kg/m3, uye fineness modulus yeMx=2.8;
Jinan Ganggou inogadzira 5-'25mm yakaoma yakapwanyika dombo ine huwandu hwakawanda hwe1500kg/m3 uye density inosvika 2.7∥cm3;
Mushonga wekudzikisa mvura unoshandiswa ndewe-self-made aliphatic high-efficiency yemvura inoderedza mvura, ine mvura inoderedza 20%; iyo chaiyo dosi inotarwa kuyedza zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekudonha. Kugadzirira kwekuedzwa kweC30 kongiri, kudonha kunodiwa kuve kwakakura kupfuura 90mm.
1. kusimba kwekugadzira
2. jecha quality
3. Kutsunga kweKupesvedzera Zvinhu zveKusimba Kwega kwega
4. Kumbira kunwa mvura
5. Muyero wemvura-inoderedza agent inogadziriswa maererano nezvinodiwa zvekudonha. Iyo dosage ndeye 1%, uye Ma = 4kg inowedzerwa kune yakawanda.
6. Nenzira iyi, chiyero chekuverenga chinowanikwa
7. Mushure mekuedza kusanganiswa, inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekudonha. Iyo yakayerwa 28d yekumanikidza simba ndeye 39.32MPa, iyo inosangana nezvinodiwa.
5.7 Chitsauko Pfupiso
Munyaya yekuregeredza kupindirana kweiyo admixtures I uye F, takakurukura nezve chiitiko coefficient uye Feret's simba dzidziso, uye takawana pesvedzero yezvakawanda zvinhu pakusimba kwekongiri:
1 Concrete admixture inokanganisa coefficient
2 Kupesvedzera coefficient yekushandiswa kwemvura
3 Kupesvedzera coefficient of aggregate composition
4 Kuenzanisa chaiko. Izvo zvinosimbiswa kuti 28d simba rekufanotaura nzira yekongiri yakagadziridzwa neiyo chiitiko coefficient uye Feret's simba dzidziso inobvumirana nemamiriro chaiwo, uye inogona kushandiswa kutungamira kugadzirira kwedhaka nekongiri.
Chitsauko 6 Mhedziso uye Outlook
6.1 Mhedziso huru
Chikamu chekutanga chinonyatso enzanisa kuchena slurry uye dhaka fluidity bvunzo yeakasiyana mineral admixtures akasanganiswa nemhando nhatu dze cellulose ethers, uye inowana inotevera mikuru mitemo:
1. Cellulose ether ine kumwe kunonoka uye kupinza mweya mhedzisiro. Pakati pavo, CMC ine isina simba yekuchengetedza mvura pachiyero chakaderera, uye ine kumwe kurasikirwa nekufamba kwenguva; nepo HPMC iine yakakosha kuchengetedza mvura uye kukora mhedzisiro, iyo inoderedza zvakanyanya kuyerera kweyakachena pulp uye dhaka, uye Iko kukora mhedzisiro yeHPMC ine yakakwirira nominal viscosity iri pachena zvishoma.
2. Pakati pezvisanganiswa, yekutanga uye hafu yeawa fluidity yefly ash pane yakachena slurry uye dhaka yakagadziridzwa kune imwe nhanho. Iyo 30% yemukati yeakachena slurry bvunzo inogona kuwedzerwa neinenge 30mm; iyo fluidity yemamineral powder pane yakachena slurry uye dhaka Hapana mutemo wakajeka wekuita; kunyangwe zviri mukati me silica fume zvakaderera, yakasarudzika yekupedzisira-kunaka, kukurumidza kuita, uye yakasimba adsorption inoita kuti ive nekudzikisa kwakakosha mhedzisiro pamvura yakachena slurry nedhaka, kunyanya kana yakasanganiswa ne0.15 Kana %HPMC, pachava ne chiitiko chekuti koni inofa haigone kuzadzwa. Kuenzaniswa nemhedzisiro yekuedzwa kweiyo yakachena slurry, inowanikwa kuti mhedzisiro yemusanganiswa mukuyedzwa kwevhu kunowanzo kushaya simba. Panyaya yekudzora kubuda ropa, kubhururuka madota uye mineral powder hazvisi pachena. Silica fume inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kuwanda kwekubuda ropa, asi haibatsiri kuderedzwa kwehutu hwemvura uye kurasikirwa nekufamba kwenguva, uye zviri nyore kuderedza nguva yekushanda.
3. Muhutano hwakasiyana-siyana hwekuchinja kweyero, zvinhu zvinokanganisa kunyunguduka kwesamende-based slurry, chiyero cheHPMC uye silica fume ndiyo zvikonzero zvekutanga, zvose mukutonga kwekubuda kweropa uye kutonga kwekuyerera kwemamiriro ezvinhu, zviri pachena. Simba remarasha ash uye mineral powder ndeyechipiri uye inotamba basa rekugadzirisa.
4. Mhando nhatu dze cellulose ether dzine imwe air-entraining effect, iyo ichaita kuti mabubbles awedzere pamusoro pemvura yakachena. Nekudaro, kana zvirimo zveHPMC zvinosvika kupfuura 0.1%, nekuda kweiyo viscosity yakakwira yeslurry, mabhuru haagone kuchengetwa mune slurry. kufashukira. Pachave nemafuru pamusoro pedhaka rine mvura inoyerera inopfuura 250ram, asi boka risina serulosi ether kazhinji harina mabubbles kana mabhuru madiki chete, zvichiratidza kuti cellulose ether ine kumwe kupinza mhepo uye kunoita kuti kutsvedza. viscous. Uye zvakare, nekuda kwekuwandisa viscosity yedhaka ine mvura isina kusimba, zvinonetsa kuti mabhuru emhepo ayangamire kumusoro nekuzvimiririra kurema kwe slurry, asi inochengetwa mudhaka, uye simba rayo pasimba harigone kuve. kufuratirwa.
Chikamu II Mortar Mechanical Properties
1. Kune yakakwira fluidity dhaka, nekuwedzera kwezera, chiyero chekupwanya chine maitiro ekumusoro; kuwedzerwa kweHPMC kune zvakakosha pakuderedza simba (kuderera kwesimba rekumanikidza kunonyanya kuoneka), izvo zvinotungamirirawo pakupwanya Kuderera kwehuwandu, kureva kuti, HPMC ine rubatsiro rwakajeka kune kuvandudzwa kwekuoma kwevhu. Mukutaura kwemazuva matatu simba, kubhururuka madota uye mineral powder kunogona kuita zvishoma zvishoma kune simba pa10%, asi simba rinoderera pachiyero chepamusoro, uye chiyero chekupwanya chinowedzera nekuwedzera kwemaminerari admixtures; musimba remazuva manomwe, Izvo zviviri zvinosanganiswa zvine zvishoma zvinokanganisa simba, asi iyo yose mhedzisiro yekuderedza simba renhunzi ichiri pachena; maererano nesimba remazuva makumi maviri nemasere, maviri admixtures akabatsira kune simba, kudzvinyirira uye kushanduka simba. Ose ari maviri akawedzera zvishoma, asi iyo yekumanikidza-peta reshiyo ichiri kuwedzera nekuwedzera kwezviri mukati.
2. Kune 28d inomanikidza uye inoshanduka simba ye bonded dhaka, apo admixture content iri 20%, simba rekumanikidzika uye flexural riri nani, uye kusanganiswa kuchiri kutungamirira kukuwedzera kuduku muhuwandu hwekugadzirisa-kupeta, kuratidza kwayo. mhedzisiro padhaka. Migumisiro yakaipa yekuoma; HPMC inotungamirira pakuderera kukuru kwesimba.
3. Nezvekusimba kwechisungo chedhaka rakasungwa, HPMC ine imwe mhedzisiro yakanaka pakusimba kwechisungo. Ongororo yacho inofanirwa kunge iri yekuti kuchengetedza kwayo mvura kunoderedza kurasikirwa kwemvura mudhaka uye inova nechokwadi chekuti hydration yakakwana. Iko kusimba kwechisungo kune hukama kune admixture. Hukama huri pakati pedosi hahusi hwenguva dzose, uye kuita kwese kuri nani nesamende dhaka kana dosi iri 10%.
4. CMC haina kukodzera simenti-based cementitious materials, mvura yayo yekuchengetedza mvura haisi pachena, uye panguva imwe chete, inoita kuti dhaka riwedzere brittle; nepo HPMC ichigona kunyatso kudzikisa kudzvanya-ku-peta reshiyo uye kugadzirisa kuoma kwedhaka, asi iri pamutengo wekuderedzwa kwakanyanya kwesimba rekumanikidza.
5. Comprehensive fluidity uye simba zvinodiwa, HPMC content of 0.1% inonyanya kukodzera. Kana madota enhunzi akashandiswa kugadzira dhaka kana yakasimbiswa inoda kuomeswa nekukurumidza uye simba rekutanga, iyo dosage haifanirwe kunge yakanyanya kukwirira, uye iyo yakawanda dosage inenge 10%. Zvinodiwa; tichifunga nezvezvinhu zvakadai sekushaya kugadzikana kwehuwandu hwemamineral powder uye silica fume, inofanira kudzorwa pa10% uye n 3% maererano. Mhedzisiro yezvisanganiswa uye cellulose ether haina kuwirirana zvakanyanya, ne
kuve nekuzvimiririra.
Chikamu chechitatu Muchiitiko chekuregeredza kupindirana pakati pezvisanganiswa, kuburikidza nekukurukurirana kweiyo basa coefficient yemaminerari admixtures uye Feret's simba dzidziso, pesvedzero mutemo wezvakawanda zvinhu pamusoro pesimba rekongiri (dhaka) inowanikwa:
1. Mineral Admixture Influence Coefficient
2. Kufurira coefficient yekushandiswa kwemvura
3. Kupesvedzera chinhu chekuumbwa kweaggregate
4. Kuenzanisa kwechokwadi kunoratidza kuti 28d simba rekufanotaura nzira yekrete yakagadziridzwa nehuwandu hwekuita uye Feret simba dzidziso inobvumirana zvakanaka nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, uye inogona kushandiswa kutungamirira kugadzirirwa kwedhaka nekrete.
6.2 Kusakwana uye Zvinotarisirwa
Iri bepa rinonyanya kudzidza nezve fluidity uye mechanical zvimiro zvepaste yakachena uye dhaka rebhinari cementitious system. Mhedzisiro uye pesvedzero yekubatana kwekuita kweakawanda-component cementitious zvinhu zvinoda kuwedzera kudzidza. Muyedzo nzira, dhaka kuenderana uye stratification inogona kushandiswa. Mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether pakuenderana uye kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka kunodzidzwa nedhigirii re cellulose ether. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo microstructure yedhaka pasi pechiito chemusanganiswa we cellulose ether uye mineral admixture inofanirwawo kuongororwa.
Cellulose ether ikozvino ndeimwe yeakakosha musanganiswa wezvikamu zveakasiyana madhaka. Yayo yakanaka kuchengetedza mvura inorebesa nguva yekushanda yedhaka, inoita kuti dhaka ive nemwaritropy yakanaka, uye inovandudza kuoma kwedhaka. Yakanakira kuvaka; uye kushandiswa kwedota renhunzi uye mineral powder semarara emaindasitiri mudhaka kunogonawo kugadzira mabhenefiti makuru ehupfumi uye kwezvakatipoteredza
Chitsauko 1 Nhanganyaya
1.1 commodity mortar
1.1.1 Nhanganyaya yedhaka rekutengesa
Muindasitiri yezvivakwa zvekuvaka munyika yangu, kongiri yakawana dhigirii rekutengesa, uye kushambadzira kwedhaka kuri kuramba kuchikwira, kunyanya kune akasiyana madhaka akakosha, vagadziri vane hunyanzvi hwepamusoro vanodiwa kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti madhaka akasiyana. Zviratidzo zvekushanda zvinokodzera. Dhaka rekutengesa rakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: dhaka rakagadzirira-yakasanganiswa uye yakaoma-yakasanganiswa dhaka. Yakagadzirira-yakasanganiswa dhaka inoreva kuti dhaka rinotakurwa kuenda kunzvimbo yekuvaka mushure mekusanganiswa nemvura nemutengesi pachine nguva maererano nezvinodiwa neprojekiti, nepo dhaka rakasanganiswa-yakaoma rinogadzirwa nemugadziri wedhaka nekuomesa-kusanganisa uye kurongedza cementitious zvinhu, aggregates uye additives maererano neimwe reshiyo. Wedzera huwandu hwemvura kunzvimbo yekuvaka uye sanganisa usati washandisa.
Traditional dhaka ine hutera hwakawanda mukushandisa nekuita. Semuenzaniso, kusungirirwa kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira uye pa-saiti kusanganiswa hakugone kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuvaka kwakabudirira uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza. Uye zvakare, nekuda kwenzvimbo yekuvaka mamiriro uye zvimwe zvikonzero, zviri nyore kuita kuti mhando yedhaka iome kuvimbisa, uye hazvigoneke kuwana kushanda kwepamusoro. dhaka. Kana ichienzaniswa nedhaka rechinyakare, dhaka rekutengesa rine zvimwe zvakanakira. Chekutanga, hunhu hwayo huri nyore kudzora uye kuvimbisa, kuita kwayo kwakanyanya, mhando dzayo dzakanatswa, uye inonangwa zvirinani kune zvinodiwa zveinjiniya. European dry-mixed mortar yakagadzirwa muma1950s, uye nyika yangu zvakare iri kutsigira nesimba kushandiswa kwedhaka rekutengesa. Shanghai yakatoshandisa dhaka rekutengesa muna 2004. Nekuenderera mberi kwekusimudzira kwemaitiro emaguta enyika yangu, zvishoma mumusika wemaguta, zvichange zvisingadzivisiki kuti dhaka rekutengeserana rine zvakanakira zvakasiyana richatsiva dhaka rechinyakare.
1.1.2Matambudziko aripo mudhaka rekutengesa
Kunyangwe dhaka rekutengesa riine zvakawanda zvakanaka pamusoro pedhaka rechinyakare, pachine akawanda ehunyanzvi matambudziko sedhaka. Yakakwira fluidity dhaka, senge yekusimbisa dhaka, simende-based grouting zvinhu, nezvimwewo, zvine zvakanyanyisa zvinodiwa pakusimba uye kuita basa, saka kushandiswa kwe superplasticizers kwakakura, izvo zvinokonzeresa kubuda ropa kwakanyanya uye kukanganisa dhaka. Comprehensive performance; uye kune mamwe madhaka epurasitiki, nekuti anonzwa zvakanyanya pakurasikirwa kwemvura, zviri nyore kuve nekudzikira kwakanyanya kwekushanda nekuda kwekurasikirwa kwemvura munguva pfupi mushure mekusanganiswa, uye nguva yekushanda ipfupi zvakanyanya: Mukuwedzera. , nokuti Panyaya yekubatanidza dhaka, iyo yekubatanidza matrix inowanzooma. Munguva yekuvaka, nekuda kwekusakwanisa kwedhaka kuchengetedza mvura, mvura yakawanda ichabatwa nematrix, zvichiita kuti kushayikwa kwemvura yemunharaunda yedhaka rekubatanidza uye kusakwana kwemvura. Chiitiko chekuti simba rinoderera uye simba rekunamatira rinoderera.
Mukupindura mibvunzo iri pamusoro apa, musanganiswa unokosha, cellulose ether, unoshandiswa zvakanyanya mudhaka. Serudzi rwe etherified cellulose, cellulose ether ine affinity yemvura, uye iyi polymer compound ine yakanakisa kupfekwa kwemvura uye kugona kuchengetedza mvura, iyo inogona kunyatsogadzirisa kubuda kwedhaka, kupfupi kuvhiyiwa nguva, kunamira, etc. Kusakwana kwepfundo simba uye zvimwe zvakawanda matambudziko.
Mukuwedzera, admixtures sezvikamu zvinotsiva simende, zvakadai sedota renhunzi, granulated blast furnace slag poda (mineral powder), silica fume, nezvimwewo, ikozvino inonyanya kukosha. Isu tinoziva kuti mazhinji ezvakasanganiswa zvinogadzirwa nemaindasitiri akadai sesimba remagetsi, simbi inonyungudutsa, inonyungudutsa ferrosilicon uye silicon yeindasitiri. Kana zvisingakwanisi kushandiswa zvizere, kuunganidzwa kwezvakasanganiswa kunotora uye kuparadza nzvimbo yakakura uye kukonzera kukanganisa kwakanyanya. kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Kune rimwe divi, kana masanganiswa akashandiswa zvine musoro, zvimwe zvivakwa zvekongiri nedhaka zvinogona kuvandudzwa, uye mamwe matambudziko einjiniya mukushandiswa kwekongiri nedhaka anogona kunyatsogadziriswa. Naizvozvo, kushandiswa kwakakura kwema admixtures kunobatsira kune zvakatipoteredza uye indasitiri. zvinobatsira.
1.2Cellulose ethers
Cellulose ether (cellulose ether) inhengo yepolymer ine ether chimiro chinogadzirwa ne etherification ye cellulose. Imwe neimwe glucosyl mhete mu cellulose macromolecules ine matatu hydroxyl mapoka, yekutanga hydroxyl boka pane yechitanhatu kabhoni atomu, yechipiri hydroxyl boka pane yechipiri neyechitatu kabhoni maatomu, uye iyo hydrogen muboka rehydroxyl inotsiviwa neboka rehydrocarbon kugadzira cellulose ether. derivatives. chinhu. Cellulose i polyhydroxy polymer compound isinganyungudike kana kunyunguduka, asi cellulose inogona kunyungudutswa mumvura, inonatsa alkali solution uye organic solvent mushure me etherification, uye ine imwe thermoplasticity.
Cellulose ether inotora yakasikwa cellulose seyakagadzirwa uye inogadzirwa nekugadziriswa kwemakemikari. Inokamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: ionic uye isiri-ionic mune ionized fomu. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumakemikari, petroleum, kuvaka, mushonga, ceramics uye mamwe maindasitiri. .
1.2.1Kurongwa kwe cellulose ethers yekuvaka
Cellulose ether yekuvaka inguva yakazara kune zvakatevedzana zvezvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa nekuita kwealkali cellulose uye etherifying agent mune mamwe mamiriro. Mhando dzakasiyana dzema cellulose ethers dzinogona kuwanikwa nekutsiva alkali cellulose nemamwe etherifying agents.
1. Maererano neiyo ionization yezvinhu zvinotsiva, cellulose ethers inogona kugoverwa muzvikamu zviviri: ionic (yakadai se carboxymethyl cellulose) uye isiri-ionic (yakadai semethyl cellulose).
2. Maererano nemhando dzezvinyorwa, cellulose ethers inogona kugoverwa kuva ethers imwe chete (yakadai semethyl cellulose) uye yakasanganiswa ethers (yakadai sehydroxypropyl methyl cellulose).
3. Maererano nekunyungudika kwakasiyana-siyana, yakakamurwa kuva mvura-inonyunguduka (yakadai sehydroxyethyl cellulose) uye organic solvent solubility (yakadai se ethyl cellulose), nezvimwewo. Mhando huru yekushandiswa mumatope yakaoma-yakasanganiswa imvura-inonyunguduka selulosi, nepo mvura. -soluble cellulose Iyo yakakamurwa kuita yekukurumidza mhando uye inononoka kupera mhando mushure mekurapa kwepamusoro.
1.2.2 Tsanangudzo yemaitiro ekuita kwe cellulose ether mudhaka
Cellulose ether ndiyo yakakosha musanganiswa wekuvandudza mvura yekuchengetedza zvivakwa zvevhu rakaoma-yakavhenganiswa dhaka, uye zvakare iri imwe yeakakosha admixtures kuona mutengo wezvakaoma-musanganiswa wedhaka zvinhu.
1. Mushure mokunge cellulose ether mudhaka yakanyungudutswa mumvura, basa rakasiyana-siyana repamusoro rinoita kuti simiti iite zvakanaka uye yakapararira mu slurry system, uye cellulose ether, se colloid inodzivirira, inogona "kuvhara" zvimedu zvakasimba, Nokudaro. , firimu rekuzora rinoumbwa pamusoro pekunze, uye firimu rekuzora rinogona kuita kuti muviri wevhu uve nemwaritropy yakanaka. Kureva kuti, vhoriyamu inenge yakagadzikana mumamiriro akamira, uye hapazovi nezviitiko zvakashata zvakadai sekubuda ropa kana stratification yechiedza uye inorema zvinhu, izvo zvinoita kuti dhaka rigadzikane; panguva yekushungurudzika kwekuvaka mamiriro, iyo cellulose ether ichaita basa mukuderedza kuveura kweslurry. Mhedzisiro yekusiyana kwekupokana inoita kuti dhaka ive yakanaka fluidity uye kutsetseka panguva yekuvaka panguva yekusanganiswa.
2. Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo pachayo chimiro chemushonga, iyo cellulose ether solution inogona kuchengeta mvura uye isingarasikike nyore mushure mekusanganiswa mudhaka, uye inozoburitswa zvishoma nezvishoma munguva yakareba, iyo inowedzera nguva yekushanda kwedhaka. uye inopa dhaka zvakanaka kuchengetedza mvura uye kushanda.
1.2.3 Akawanda akakosha ekuvaka giredhi cellulose ethers
1. Methyl Cellulose (MC)
Mushure mekunge donje rakanatswa ragadziriswa nealkali, methyl chloride inoshandiswa seyo etherifying agent kugadzira cellulose ether kuburikidza neyakatevedzana maitiro. Iyo general substitution degree ndeye 1. Kunyunguduka 2.0, dhigirii rekutsiva rakasiyana uye solubility yakasiyanawo. Ndeye-non-ionic cellulose ether.
2. Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC)
Inogadzirirwa nekuita ne ethylene oxide se etherifying agent muhupo hweacetone mushure mokunge donje rakanatswa rinobatwa nealkali. Dhigirii rekutsiva kazhinji 1.5 kusvika 2.0. Iyo ine yakasimba hydrophilicity uye iri nyore kutora unyoro.
3. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose imhando ye cellulose iyo kubuda uye kushandiswa kuri kuwedzera nekukurumidza mumakore achangopfuura. Iyo isiri-ionic cellulose yakasanganiswa ether yakagadzirwa kubva kudonje rakanatswa mushure mekurapa alkali, uchishandisa propylene oxide uye methyl chloride se etherifying agents, uye kuburikidza neakatevedzana maitiro. Dhigirii rekutsiva kazhinji 1.2 kusvika 2.0. Zvimiro zvayo zvinosiyana zvichienderana nereshiyo yemethoxyl yemukati uye hydroxypropyl yemukati.
4. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)
Ionic cellulose ether inogadzirwa kubva kune yakasikwa fibers (donje, nezvimwewo) mushure mekurapa kwealkali, uchishandisa sodium monochloroacetate sechinhu chinopisa, uye kuburikidza nekutevedzana kwemaitiro ekurapa. Dhigirii rekutsiva kazhinji 0.4–d. 4. Kuita kwayo kunonyanya kukanganiswa nehuwandu hwekutsiviwa.
Pakati pavo, yechitatu neyechina mhando ndiwo marudzi maviri e cellulose anoshandiswa mukuyedza uku.
1.2.4 Mamiriro Ekusimudzira eIndasitiri yeCellulose Ether
Mushure memakore ebudiriro, musika we cellulose ether munyika dzakabudirira wakura zvakanyanya, uye musika munyika dzichiri kusimukira uchiri mudanho rekukura, rinove iro rinove simba guru rekukura kwepasi rose cellulose ether kushandiswa mune ramangwana. Parizvino, huwandu hwese hwepasi rose hwekugadzira cellulose ether hunodarika 1 miriyoni matani, neEurope inoverengera 35% yehuwandu hwepasi rose kushandiswa, ichiteverwa neAsia neNorth America. Carboxymethyl cellulose ether (CMC) ndiyo mhando huru yevatengi, inoverengera 56% yehuwandu, inoteverwa nemethyl cellulose ether (MC/HPMC) uye hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (HEC), inoverengera 56% yehuwandu. 25% uye 12%. Indasitiri yekunze cellulose ether inokwikwidza zvakanyanya. Mushure mekubatana kwakawanda, kuburitsa kunonyanya kuisirwa mumakambani makuru akati wandei, akadai seDow Chemical Company neHercules Company muUnited States, Akzo Nobel kuNetherlands, Noviant muFinland uye DAICEL muJapan, nezvimwe.
nyika yangu ndiyo inogadzira pasi rose uye mutengi we cellulose ether, ine avhareji yegore yekukura inopfuura 20%. Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwekutanga, kune makumi mashanu ekugadzira cellulose ether mabhizinesi muChina. Iyo yakagadzirirwa kugadzirwa kweiyo cellulose ether indasitiri yakapfuura 400,000 matani, uye kune angangoita makumi maviri emabhizinesi ane huwandu hwematani anopfuura zviuru gumi, anonyanya kuwanikwa muShandong, Hebei, Chongqing neJiangsu. , Zhejiang, Shanghai nedzimwe nzvimbo. Muna 2011, yeChina yeCMC yekugadzira huwandu hwaive hunosvika mazana matatu ezviuru zvematani. Nekuwedzera kuri kuita kudiwa kwemhando yepamusoro cellulose ethers mumishonga, chikafu, makemikari emazuva ese uye mamwe maindasitiri mumakore achangopfuura, kudiwa kwepamba kwezvimwe zvigadzirwa zve cellulose ether kunze kweCMC kuri kuwedzera. Yakakura, huwandu hweMC/HPMC hunosvika 120,000 matani, uye huwandu hweHEC hunosvika zviuru makumi maviri zvematani. PAC ichiri muchikamu chekusimudzira uye kushandisa muChina. Nekuvandudzwa kweminda mikuru yemafuta ekumahombekombe uye kuvandudzwa kwezvinhu zvekuvakisa, chikafu, makemikari uye mamwe maindasitiri, huwandu nemunda wePAC zviri kuwedzera uye kuwedzera gore negore, iine simba rekugadzira rinopfuura zviuru gumi zvematani.
1.3Tsvagiridzo yekushandiswa kwe cellulose ether mudhaka
Nezvekutsvagisa kweinjiniya yekushandisa kwe cellulose ether muindasitiri yekuvaka, nyanzvi dzemumba nedzekunze dzakaita nhamba huru yeongororo yekuyedza uye ongororo yemashini.
1.3.1Sumo pfupi yekutsvagisa kune dzimwe nyika pakushandiswa kwe cellulose ether mudhaka
Laetitia Patural, Philippe Marchal nevamwe muFrance vakaratidza kuti cellulose ether ine simba guru pakuchengetedza mvura yedhaka, uye chimiro chechimiro ndicho chinhu chinokosha, uye uremu hwema molecular ndiyo kiyi yekudzora kuchengetwa kwemvura uye kusagadzikana. Nekuwedzera kwema molecular uremu, kushushikana kwegoho kunoderera, kuwirirana kunowedzera, uye kushanda kwekuchengetedza mvura kunowedzera; pane zvinopesana, iyo molar substitution dhigirii (inoenderana neyakaomeswa yehydroxyethyl kana hydroxypropyl) haina mhedzisiro pakuchengetedza mvura kwedhaka rakasanganiswa. Nekudaro, cellulose ethers ine yakaderera molar madhigirii ekutsiva yakavandudza kuchengetedza kwemvura.
Mhedziso inokosha pamusoro pemvura yekuchengetedza nzira ndeyokuti rheological properties yedhaka inokosha. Izvo zvinogona kuvonekwa kubva pamhedzisiro yekuyedzwa kuti kune yakaoma-yakasanganiswa dhaka ine yakagadziriswa yemvura-simende reshiyo uye musanganiswa wemukati, kuita kwekuchengetedza mvura kunowanzo kuve kwakafanana nekuenderana kwayo. Zvisinei, kune mamwe ma cellulose ethers, maitiro haasi pachena; mukuwedzera, kune starch ethers, pane yakatarisana pateni. Iyo viscosity yemusanganiswa mutsva haisi iyo yega parameter yekutarisa kuchengetwa kwemvura.
Laetitia Patural, Patrice Potion, et al., Nerubatsiro rwepulsed field gradient uye MRI matekiniki, akawana kuti kutama kwemwando pakusangana kwedhaka uye unsaturated substrate kunokanganisa nekuwedzerwa kwechikamu chidiki cheEC. Kurasikirwa kwemvura kunokonzerwa necapillary action pane kupararira kwemvura. Kufamba kwemvura necapillary chiito kunodzorwa ne substrate micropore pressure, iyo inotemerwa nehukuru hwe micropore uye Laplace theory interfacial tension, pamwe ne fluid viscosity. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti rheological zvimiro zveEC aqueous solution ndiyo kiyi yekuchengeta mvura kuita. Nekudaro, iyi fungidziro inopesana nekumwe kubvumirana (mamwe ma tackifiers senge yakakwira molecular polyethylene oxide uye starch ethers haishande seEC).
Jean. Yves Petit, Erie Wirquin et al. yakashandisa cellulose ether kuburikidza nekuyedza, uye yayo 2% mhinduro viscosity yaive kubva ku5000 kusvika 44500mpa. S kubva kuMC uye HEMC. Tsvaga:
1. Nokuda kwechiyero chakatarwa cheEC, rudzi rweEC rune simba guru pane viscosity yekunamatira dhaka yematare. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemakwikwi pakati peEC uye dispersible polymer poda yeadsorption yemasimende zvimedu.
2. Makwikwi adsorption eEC uye rubber powder ane simba guru pakugadzirisa nguva uye spalling apo nguva yekuvaka iri 20-30min.
3. Kusimba kwechisungo kunokonzerwa nekubatanidza kweEC uye rubber powder. Kana iyo firimu yeEC isingakwanise kudzivirira kubuda kwehunyoro pane chinongedzo chetairi uye dhaka, kunamatira pasi pekupisa kwekushisa kunoderera.
4. Iko kurongeka uye kupindirana kweEC uye inoparara yepolymer poda kunofanirwa kutariswa pakugadzira chikamu cheadhesive dhaka yematairi.
KuGermany LschmitzC. J. Dr. H (a) cker akataurwa munyaya iyo HPMC neHEMC mu cellulose ether vane basa rakakosha zvikuru mukuchengetedza mvura mumatope akaoma-akasanganiswa. Pamusoro pekuita kuti indekisi yekuchengetedzwa kwemvura ye cellulose ether inovandudzwa, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa yakagadziridzwa Cellulose ethers inoshandiswa kuvandudza nekuvandudza mashandisiro ekushanda kwedhaka uye maitiro edhaka rakaoma uye rakaomarara.
1.3.2Sumo pfupi yekutsvagisa kwemumba pakushandiswa kwe cellulose ether kudhaka
Xin Quanchang anobva kuXi'an University of Architecture and Technology akadzidza pesvedzero yemapolymer akasiyana pane zvimwe zvinhu zve bonding dhaka, uye akaona kuti kushandiswa kwakaumbwa kwepolymer poda yakaparara uye hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether haingogone kuvandudza kushanda kwe bonding mortar, asi. zvakare inogona Chikamu chemutengo chinoderedzwa; mhinduro dzebvunzo dzinoratidza kuti kana zviri mukati redispersible latex powder zvinodzorwa pa 0.5%, uye zvinyorwa zve hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether zvinodzorwa pa 0.2%, dhaka rakagadzirirwa rinopesana nekukotama. uye simba rekubatanidza rinonyanya kuoneka, uye kuva nekushanduka kwakanaka uye plastiki.
Purofesa Ma Baoguo kubva kuWuhan University of Technology akataura kuti cellulose ether ine pachena retardation mhedzisiro, uye inogona kukanganisa chimiro chechimiro che hydration zvigadzirwa uye pore chimiro chesimende slurry; cellulose ether inonyanya kushambadzirwa pamusoro pezvikamu zvesimende kuti iite chimwe chinodzivirira maitiro. Inotadzisa nucleation uye kukura kwe hydration zvigadzirwa; kune rumwe rutivi, cellulose ether inotadzisa kutama uye kupararira kweion nekuda kweiyo viscosity iri pachena inowedzera mhedzisiro, nekudaro kunonoka hydration ye simenti kune imwe nhanho; cellulose ether ine alkali kugadzikana.
Jian Shouwei anobva kuWuhan University of Technology akagumisa kuti basa reEC mudhaka rinonyanya kuratidzwa muzvinhu zvitatu: yakanakisa kuchengetedza mvura, pesvedzero pakusimba kwedhaka uye thixotropy, uye kugadzirisa rheology. CE haingopi dhaka rakanaka rekushanda kwekuita, asiwo Kudzikisa yekutanga hydration kupisa kuburitswa kwe simenti uye kunonoka iyo hydration kinetic process ye simenti, hongu, zvichibva pane akasiyana mashandisiro emakesi edhaka, kune zvakare misiyano mumaitiro ayo ekuongorora maitiro. .
CE yakagadziridzwa dhaka inoiswa muchimiro chedhaka-layer dhaka mune yemazuva ese yakaoma-musanganiswa dhaka (senge zvidhinha binder, putty, nhete-layer plastering dhaka, nezvimwewo). Ichi chimiro chakasiyana chinowanzoperekedzwa nekukurumidza kurasikirwa kwemvura kwedhaka. Parizvino, iyo huru yekutsvagisa inotarisa kune kumeso mataira anonamira, uye kune kushoma kutsvagurudza kune mamwe marudzi akaonda-layer CE yakagadziridzwa dhaka.
Su Lei anobva kuWuhan University of Technology akawana kuburikidza nekuongororwa kwechiyero chekuchengetedza mvura, kurasikirwa kwemvura uye nguva yekumisikidza yedhaka yakagadziridzwa ne cellulose ether. Kuwanda kwemvura kunoderera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye nguva yekubatanidza inowedzera; apo huwandu hwemvura hunosvika kuO. Mushure me6%, kuchinja kwehuwandu hwekuchengetedza mvura uye kurasikirwa kwemvura hakuchaoneki, uye nguva yekuisa inenge yakapetwa kaviri; uye kuongorora kwekuedza kwesimba rayo rekumanikidza kunoratidza kuti kana zvinyorwa zve cellulose ether zvakaderera pane 0.8%, zvinyorwa zve cellulose ether zvishoma kudarika 0.8%. Kuwedzera kuchaderedza zvakanyanya simba rekumanikidza; uye maererano nekushanda kwekubatana ne cement mortar board, O. Pasi pe7% yezvinyorwa, kuwedzera kwezvinyorwa zve cellulose ether zvinogona kubudirira kuvandudza simba rekubatanidza.
Lai Jianqing we Xiamen Hongye Engineering Construction Technology Co., Ltd. akaongorora uye akagumisa kuti iyo yakakwana dosage ye cellulose ether kana uchifunga nezve chiyero chekuchengetedza mvura uye kusimba index ndeye 0 kuburikidza neyakatevedzana yebvunzo pachiyero chekuchengetedza mvura, simba uye bond simba re EPS thermal insulation mortar. 2%; cellulose ether ine simba remhepo-entraining effect, iyo ichaita kuti kuderera kwesimba, kunyanya kuderera kwekusimba kwechisungo, saka zvinokurudzirwa kuishandisa pamwe chete ne redispersible polymer powder.
Yuan Wei naQin Min veXinjiang Building Materials Research Institute vakaita bvunzo uye kushandisa tsvakiridzo ye cellulose ether mukongiri ine furo. Mhedzisiro yemuyedzo inoratidza kuti HPMC inovandudza kuchengetedza kwemvura kwekongiri nyowani yefuro uye inoderedza huwandu hwekurasikirwa kwemvura kwekongiri yefoam yakaoma; HPMC inogona kuderedza kudonha kurasikirwa kwekongiri nyowani yefuro uye kuderedza kunzwisiswa kwemusanganiswa kune tembiricha. ; HPMC ichaderedza zvakanyanya simba rekumanikidza refoam kongiri. Pasi pemamiriro ekurapa echisikigo, imwe huwandu hweHPMC hunogona kuvandudza simba remuenzaniso kune imwe nhanho.
Li Yuhai weWacker Polymer Materials Co., Ltd. akataura kuti rudzi uye huwandu hwe latex poda, rudzi rwe cellulose ether uye nharaunda yekurapa zvine chekuita kwakakura pakushomeka kwekupotera dhaka. Mhedzisiro ye cellulose ethers pakusimba kwesimba haina basa zvakare kana ichienzaniswa neyepolymer zvirimo uye kurapa mamiriro.
Yin Qingli yeAkzoNobel Specialty Chemicals (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. yakashandisa Bermocoll PADl, yakanyatsogadziridzwa polystyrene board bonding cellulose ether, yekuyedza, iyo inonyanya kukodzera dhaka rekubatanidza reEPS rekunze madziro ekudzivirira system. Bermocoll PADl inogona kuvandudza simba rekubatanidza pakati pedhaka uye polystyrene board mukuwedzera kune ese mabasa e cellulose ether. Kunyangwe kana iri yakaderera dosage, haingogone kuvandudza kuchengetwa kwemvura uye kushanda kwedhaka nyowani, asi zvakare inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya simba rekutanga rekubatanidza uye isingadzivirirwe nemvura yekubatanidza simba pakati pedhaka nebhodhi repolystyrene nekuda kweiyo yakasarudzika anchoring. teknolojia. . Nekudaro, haigone kuvandudza mhedzisiro yekupikisa kwedhaka uye kuita kwekubatanidza ne polystyrene board. Kuvandudza zvinhu izvi, redispersible latex poda inofanira kushandiswa.
Wang Peiming anobva kuYunivhesiti yeTongji akaongorora nhoroondo yekuvandudzwa kwedhaka rekutengesa uye akaratidza kuti cellulose ether uye latex powder zvine simba risingaiti pane zviratidzo zvekushanda zvakadai sekuchengetedza mvura, kushanduka uye simba rekumanikidzika, uye elastic modulus yehupfu yakaoma yekutengesa dhaka.
Zhang Lin nevamwe veShantou Special Economic Zone Longhu Technology Co., Ltd. vakagumisa kuti, mudhaka rekubatanidza re polystyrene board rakatetepa rakapurasita madziro ekunze ekunze kwemafuta ekudzivirira system (kureva Eqos system), zvinokurudzirwa kuti iyo yakakwana mari. yerabha hupfu kuva 2.5% ndiyo muganhu; low viscosity, yakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya cellulose ether inobatsira zvikuru pakuvandudzwa kweiyo yebetsero tensile bond kusimba kwedhaka rakaomarara.
Zhao Liqun weShanghai Institute of Building Research (Group) Co., Ltd. akataura muchinyorwa kuti cellulose ether inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuchengetwa kwemvura yedhaka, uye zvakare kuderedza zvakanyanya kuwanda uye kusimba kwesimba redhaka, uye kurebesa kurongeka. nguva yedhaka. Pasi pemamiriro emuyero mamwechete, cellulose ether ine viscosity yakakwirira inobatsira kuvandudzwa kwehuwandu hwekuchengetedza mvura yedhaka, asi simba rekumanikidza rinodzikira zvakanyanya uye nguva yekumisikidza yakareba. Hupfu hwakakora uye cellulose ether inobvisa kuputika kwepurasitiki kutsemuka kwedhaka nekuvandudza kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka.
Fuzhou University Huang Lipin et al vakadzidza doping yehydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether uye ethylene. Zvimiro zvemuviri uye cross-sectional morphology yemodified simende dhaka yevinyl acetate copolymer latex powder. Inowanikwa kuti cellulose ether ine yakanakisa kuchengetedza kwemvura, kudzivirira kunyura kwemvura uye kunoshamisa kwemhepo-kupinza mhepo, nepo mvura-inoderedza maitiro e latex poda uye kuvandudzwa kweiyo mechanical zvinhu zvedhaka zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa. Kuchinja maitiro; uye pane yakakodzera dosage renji pakati pemapolymers.
Kuburikidza neyakatevedzana yekuyedza, Chen Qian nevamwe vanobva kuHubei Baoye Construction Industrialization Co., Ltd. vakaratidza kuti kuwedzera nguva inomutsa uye kuwedzera kukurumidza kunomutsa kunogona kupa kutamba kwakazara kune basa re cellulose ether mudhaka rakagadzirwa-yakasanganiswa, kuvandudza kushanda kwedhaka, uye kuvandudza nguva yekukurudzira. Kunyanya kupfupika kana kunonoka kumhanya kunoita kuti dhaka rive rakaoma kugadzira; kusarudza iyo chaiyo cellulose ether inogona zvakare kuvandudza kushanda kweakagadzirira-akasanganiswa dhaka.
Li Sihan kubva kuShenyang Jianzhu University uye vamwe vakawana kuti mineral admixtures inogona kuderedza yakaoma shrinkage deformation yedhaka uye inovandudza maitiro ayo emagetsi; chiyero cheraimu kune jecha chine simba pane mechanical properties uye shrinkage rate yematope; redispersible polymer poda inogona kuvandudza dhaka. Mutswe kuramba, kunatsiridza adhesion, flexural simba, kubatana, kukanganisa kuramba uye kupfeka kuramba, kunatsiridza kuchengetwa kwemvura uye kushanda; cellulose ether ine air-entraining effect, iyo inogona kuvandudza kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka; huni fiber inogona kuvandudza dhaka Kuvandudza kureruka kwekushandisa, kushanda, uye anti-slip performance, uye nekukurumidza kuvaka. Nekuwedzera kwakasiyana-siyana kusanganiswa kwekugadzirisa, uye kuburikidza nechiyero chinonzwisisika, dhaka risingapindike dhaka rekunze kwemadziro ekupisa kupisa sisitimu ine mashandiro akanaka anogona kugadzirwa.
Yang Lei weHenan University of Technology akasanganisa HEMC mudhaka ndokuona kuti ine mabasa maviri ekuchengetedza mvura uye kukora, izvo zvinodzivirira kongiri yakavharirwa nemhepo kuti isakurumidze kusveta mvura mudhaka rekupurasita, uye inova nechokwadi chekuti simende iri muvhu. dhaka rakazara hydrated, kugadzira dhaka Iko kusanganiswa neaerated kongiri kune denser uye kusimba kwechisungo kwakakwira; inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya delamination yekupurasita dhaka kune aerated kongiri. Apo HEMC yakawedzerwa kune dhaka, simba rekunyunguduka kwedhaka rakaderera zvishoma, asi simba rekumanikidzika rakaderera zvikuru, uye fold-compression ratio curve yakaratidza kukwira kumusoro, zvichiratidza kuti kuwedzerwa kweHEMC kunogona kuvandudza kuoma kwedhaka.
Li Yanling nevamwe vanobva kuHenan University of Technology vakawana kuti michina yedhaka yakasungwa yakavandudzwa kana ichienzaniswa nedhaka rakajairwa, kunyanya kusimba kwechisungo chedhaka, apo musanganiswa wekomboni wakawedzerwa (zviri mukati meselulosi ether yaive 0.15%). Inopeta 2.33 pane yedhakawo zvayo.
Ma Baoguo anobva kuWuhan University of Technology uye vamwe vakadzidza mhedzisiro yemhando dzakasiyana dze styrene-acrylic emulsion, dispersible polymer poda, uye hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether pakushandiswa kwemvura, kusimba kwebhondi uye kuoma kwedhaka rakatetepa. , yakawana kuti kana zvinyorwa zve styrene-acrylic emulsion zvaive 4% kusvika 6%, simba rezvisungo zvedhaka rakasvika pakukosha kwakanakisisa, uye chiyero chekugadzirisa-kupeta chaiva chiduku; zvinyorwa zve cellulose ether zvakawedzera kusvika kuO. Pa 4%, simba rezvisungo zvevhu rinosvika pakuzara, uye chiyero chekumanikidza-kupeta ndicho chiduku; kana zviri mukati mehupfu yerabha iri 3%, iyo yekubatanidza simba redhaka ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka, uye iyo compression-kupeta reshiyo inoderera nekuwedzera kwerabha hupfu. trend.
Li Qiao nevamwe veShantou Special Economic Zone Longhu Technology Co., Ltd. vakaratidza muchinyorwa kuti mabasa ecellulose ether mudhaka resimende kuchengetedza mvura, kukora, kupinza mhepo, kunonoka uye kuvandudzwa kwekusimba kwechisungo, nezvimwe. mabasa anoenderana nePaunenge uchiongorora nekusarudza MC, zviratidzo zveMC zvinoda kutariswa zvinosanganisira viscosity, degree of etherification substitution, dhigirii rekuchinja, kugadzikana kwechigadzirwa, zvinobudirira zvemukati zvemukati, particle size nezvimwe zvinhu. Pakusarudza MC mune zvakasiyana zvigadzirwa zvedhaka, zvinodikanwa zvekuita zveMC pachazvo zvinofanirwa kuiswa pamberi zvinoenderana nekuvaka uye kushandiswa kwezvinodiwa zvezvakagadzirwa zvedhaka, uye akakodzera emhando dzeMC dzinofanirwa kusarudzwa pamwe nekuumbwa uye basic index paramita yeMC.
Qiu Yongxia yeBeijing Wanbo Huijia Science and Trade Co., Ltd. yakaona kuti nekuwedzera kwe viscosity ye cellulose ether, chiyero chekuchengetedza mvura kwedhaka chakawedzera; iyo yakatsetseka zvidimbu zve cellulose ether, zviri nani kuchengetedza mvura; Iyo yakakwirira yehuwandu hwekuchengetedza mvura ye cellulose ether; kuchengetwa kwemvura ye cellulose ether kunoderera nekuwedzera kwekushisa kwedhaka.
Zhang Bin weYunivhesiti yeTongji nevamwe vakaratidza muchinyorwa kuti maitiro ekushanda kwedhaka yakagadziridzwa ane hukama zvakanyanya nekukura kwe viscosity ye cellulose ethers, kwete kuti cellulose ethers ine yakakwirira nominal viscosity ine pesvedzero iri pachena pamaitiro ekushanda, nekuti iwo ari. zvakare yakakanganiswa nehukuru hwechikamu. , kuparara kwehuwandu nezvimwe zvinhu.
Zhou Xiao nevamwe vanobva kuInstitute of Cultural Relics Protection Science neTechnology, China Cultural Heritage Research Institute vakadzidza mupiro wezvinowedzera zviviri, polymer rabha poda uye cellulose ether, kusimba rezvisungo muNHL (hydraulic lime) dhaka system, uye vakawana kuti iyo yakapfava Nekuda kwekuwandisa shrinkage ye hydraulic lime, haigone kuburitsa yakaringana simba rekusimba neiyo ibwe interface. Nhamba yakakodzera yepolymer rubber powder uye cellulose ether inogona kunyatso kuvandudza simba rekubatanidza reNHL dhaka uye kusangana nezvinodiwa zvetsika relic kusimbisa uye kuchengetedza zvinhu; kuitira kudzivirira Iyo ine simba pamvura inopera uye kufema kweNHL dhaka pachayo uye kuenderana nemasonry tsika relics. Panguva imwecheteyo, tichifunga nezvekutanga kwekubatanidza kushanda kweNHL dhaka, iyo yakakwana yekuwedzera yakawanda yepolymer rubber powder iri pasi pe 0.5% kusvika 1%, uye kuwedzerwa kwe cellulose ether Mari yacho inodzorwa inenge 0.2%.
Duan Pengxuan nevamwe vanobva kuBeijing Institute of Building Materials Sayenzi vakagadzira vaviri vakazvigadzira rheological tester pahwaro hwekumisikidza rheological modhi yedhaka nyowani, uye vakaita rheological ongororo yeyakajairwa masonry dhaka, kupura dhaka uye kupurasita zvigadzirwa zvegypsum. Iyo denaturation yakayerwa, uye yakawanikwa kuti hydroxyethyl cellulose ether uye hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether ine zvirinani zvekutanga viscosity kukosha uye viscosity kuderedza kuita nenguva uye nekukurumidza kuwedzera, izvo zvinogona kupfumisa binder kune nani bonding mhando, thixotropy uye kutsvedza kuramba.
Li Yanling weHenan University of Technology uye vamwe vakawana kuti kuwedzera kwe cellulose ether mudhaka kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuchengetwa kwemvura kuita kwedhaka, nokudaro kuve nechokwadi kufambira mberi kwesamende hydration. Kunyange zvazvo kuwedzera kwe cellulose ether kunoderedza simba rekushandura uye kudzvinyirira simba redhaka, inoramba ichiwedzera flexural-compression ratio uye kusimba kwechisungo chedhaka kune imwe nzvimbo.
1.4Tsvagiridzo pamusoro pekushandiswa kweanosanganisa kune dhaka kumba nekune dzimwe nyika
Muindasitiri yekuvaka yanhasi, kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kwekongiri nedhaka kwakakura, uye kudiwa kwesimende kuri kuwedzerawo. Kugadzirwa kwesimende ibasa guru rekushandisa simba uye indasitiri yekusvibisa zvakanyanya. Kuchengetedza simende kwakakosha zvikuru kudzora mitengo nekuchengetedza nharaunda. Sechinzvimbo chekutsiva simende, mineral admixture haingogone kugonesa kuita kwedhaka nekongiri, asi zvakare kuchengetedza yakawanda simende pasi pemamiriro ekushandisa zvine musoro.
Muindasitiri yezvivakwa zvekuvaka, kushandiswa kwezvakasanganiswa kwave kwakanyanya. Mhando dzakawanda dzesimende dzine zvakawanda kana zvishoma huwandu hwemisanganiswa. Pakati pavo, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa yakajairwa yePortland simende inowedzerwa 5% mukugadzirwa. ~ 20% musanganiswa. Mukugadzira maitiro eakasiyana dhaka uye kongiri ekugadzira mabhizinesi, kushandiswa kwezvakasanganiswa kwakawedzera.
Nekushandiswa kwezvakasanganiswa mudhaka, tsvakiridzo yenguva refu uye yakakura yakaitwa kumba nekune dzimwe nyika.
1.4.1Kusuma kupfupi kwetsvakiridzo yekunze nezve admixture yakaiswa kune dhaka
P. Yunivhesiti yeCalifornia. JM Momeiro Joe IJ K. Wang et al. akawana kuti mu hydration process ye gelling material, iyo gel haina kuzvimba muhuwandu hwakaenzana, uye mineral admixture inogona kushandura kuumbwa kweiyo hydrated gel, uye yakaona kuti kuzvimba kwegel kune hukama neiyo divalent cations mugel. . Nhamba yemakopi yakaratidza kuwirirana kwakashata kwakakosha.
Kevin J. wekuUnited States. Folliard naMakoto Ohta et al. akataura kuti kuwedzera kwesilica fume uye mupunga madota kudhaka kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya simba rekumanikidza, nepo kuwedzera kwenhunzi madota kunoderedza simba, kunyanya padanho rekutanga.
Philippe Lawrence naMartin Cyr vekuFrance vakawana kuti akasiyana mamineral admixtures anogona kuvandudza simba redhaka pasi pedosi yakakodzera. Musiyano uripo pakati peakasiyana mineral admixtures hausi pachena mune yekutanga nhanho ye hydration. Muchikamu chekupedzisira che hydration, kuwedzera kwesimba kwekuwedzera kunokanganiswa nebasa reiyo mineral admixture, uye kuwedzera kwesimba kunokonzerwa neinert admixture hakugone kungoonekwa sekuzadza. mhedzisiro, asi inofanirwa kuve yakaverengerwa kune yemuviri mhedzisiro ye multiphase nucleation.
Bulgaria's ValIly0 Stoitchkov Stl Petar Abadjiev nevamwe vakawana kuti zvakakosha zvinoumba silica fume uye yakaderera-calcium inobhururuka madota kuburikidza neiyo yenyama uye michina zvinhu zvesimende dhaka uye kongiri yakasanganiswa neanoshanda pozzolanic admixtures, anogona kuvandudza simba resimende ibwe. Silica fume ine mhedzisiro yakakosha pakutanga hydration yecementitious zvinhu, nepo nhunzi madota chikamu chine yakakosha mhedzisiro pane inotevera hydration.
1.4.2Sumo pfupi yekutsvagisa kwemumba nezve mashandisirwo ezvisanganiswa kune dhaka
Kuburikidza neongororo yekuedza, Zhong Shiyun naXiang Keqin vekuTongji University vakawana kuti dhaka rakagadziridzwa rehumwe hunyoro hwenhunzi uye polyacrylate emulsion (PAE), apo iyo poly-binder reshiyo yakaiswa pa0.08, iyo compression-kupeta reshiyo ye madota enhunzi anoderera nekuwedzera kwedota renhunzi. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti kuwedzera kwenhunzi ash kunogona kugadzirisa zvinobudirira dambudziko remutengo wakakwira wekuvandudza kuchinjika kwedhaka nekungowedzera zvirimo zvepolymer.
Wang Yinong weWuhan Iron uye Steel Civil Construction Company akadzidza yakakwira-performance mortar admixture, iyo inogona kunyatso kuvandudza kushanda kwedhaka, kuderedza dhigirii re delamination, nekuvandudza kugona kwekubatanidza. Inokodzera masonry uye plastering yeaerated concrete blocks. .
Chen Miaomiao nevamwe vanobva kuNanjing University yeTekinoroji vakadzidza mhedzisiro yekusanganisa kaviri nhunzi uye mineral powder mudhaka rakaoma pane kushanda kwekushanda uye michina yedhaka, uye vakawana kuti kuwedzera kweaviri admixtures hakuna kungovandudza mashandiro ekushanda uye michina. yemusanganiswa. Izvo zvemuviri uye zvemagetsi zvivakwa zvinogona zvakare zvinobudirira kuderedza mutengo. Iyo inokurudzirwa yakaringana dosage ndeyekutsiva 20% yenhunzi ash uye mineral powder zvakateerana, reshiyo yedhaka kune jecha i1: 3, uye reshiyo yemvura kune zvinhu ndeye 0.16.
Zhuang Zihao anobva kuSouth China University of Technology akagadzirisa chiyero chemvura-binder, yakagadziridzwa bentonite, cellulose ether uye rubber powder, uye akadzidza zvimiro zvesimba revhu, kuchengetedza mvura uye kuoma kwakaoma kwemamineral admixtures matatu, ndokuona kuti zvakasanganiswa zvakasvika. Pa50%, iyo porosity inowedzera zvakanyanya uye simba rinodzikira, uye iyo yakakwana chikamu cheiyo matatu mineral admixtures ndeye 8% limestone poda, 30% slag, uye 4% inobhururuka madota, inogona kuwana kuchengetedza kwemvura. chiyero, kukosha kwakasarudzika kwekusimba.
Li Ying anobva kuQinghai University akaita nhevedzano yebvunzo dzedhaka yakasanganiswa nemamineral admixtures, uye akapedzisa uye akaongorora kuti mineral admixtures inogona kukwidziridza chechipiri chechikamu gradation yehupfu, uye micro-yekuzadza mhedzisiro uye yechipiri hydration yeadhimixtures inogona Kusvika pamwero wakati, kuwirirana kwedhaka kunowedzera, nokudaro kuwedzera simba rayo.
Zhao Yujing weShanghai Baosteel New Building Materials Co., Ltd. akashandisa dzidziso yekuomarara kwekutsemuka uye simba rekutsemuka kudzidza pesvedzero yemamineral admixtures pakuputsika kwekongiri. Muedzo unoratidza kuti iyo mineral admixture inogona kuvandudza zvishoma kuoma kwekutyoka uye kutsemuka kwesimba redhaka; muchiitiko chemhando imwechete yekusanganiswa, iyo inotsiviwa huwandu hwe40% yemaminerari admixture ndiyo inonyanya kubatsira pakuputsika kusimba uye kuputsika simba.
Xu Guangsheng weHenan University akataura kuti kana nzvimbo chaiyo yemamineral powder iri pasi peE350m2/l [g, basa racho rakaderera, simba re3d rinongoita 30% chete, uye simba re28d rinokura kusvika 0 ~ 90% ; nepo pa400m2 melon g, iyo 3d simba Inogona kuva pedyo ne50%, uye 28d simba riri pamusoro pe95%. Kubva pakuona kwenheyo dzenheyo dze rheology, maererano nekuongorora kwekuongorora kwevhu fluidity uye kuyerera kwevelocity, mhedziso dzakawanda dzinotorwa: kubhururuka madota emukati pazasi 20% anogona zvinobudirira kuvandudza dhaka fluidity uye kuyerera kwevelocity, uye mineral powder mukati Kana iyo dosi iri pazasi. 25%, kuyerera kwedhaka kunogona kuwedzerwa asi kuyerera kunoderera.
Purofesa Wang Dongmin weChina University yeMigodhi neTekinoroji uye Purofesa Feng Lufeng weShandong Jianzhu University vakaratidza muchinyorwa kuti kongiri chinhu chezvikamu zvitatu kubva pakuona kwezvinhu zvinoumbwa, zvinoti simende paste, aggregate, simende paste uye aggregate. Iyo interface yekushandura zone ITZ (Interfacial Transition Zone) pamharadzano. ITZ inzvimbo ine mvura yakawanda, iyo yemuno mvura-simende ratio yakakura kwazvo, iyo porosity mushure me hydration yakakura, uye ichakonzera kupfumisa kwe calcium hydroxide. Iyi nzvimbo inonyanya kukonzera kutsemuka kwekutanga, uye inowanzokonzera kushushikana. Kuisa pfungwa kunonyanya kutema kusimba. Chidzidzo chekuyedza chinoratidza kuti kuwedzerwa kwezvinosanganiswa kunogona kunyatso kuvandudza mvura ye endocrine munharaunda yekushandura, kuderedza ukobvu hweiyo interface shanduko yenzvimbo, uye kugadzirisa simba.
Zhang Jianxin weYunivhesiti yeChongqing nevamwe vakawana kuti nekugadziriswa kwakazara kwemethyl cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber, redispersible polymer poda, uye admixtures, yakaoma-yakasanganiswa plastering dhaka nekuita kwakanaka kunogona kugadzirwa. Dry-mixed crack-resistant plastering motar ine basa rakanaka, simba rebhondi repamusoro uye rakanaka rinoramba kutsemuka. Hunhu hwemadhiramu nekutsemuka idambudziko rinowanzoitika.
Ren Chuanyao weZhejiang University nevamwe vakadzidza nezve hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether pazvimiro zvenhunzi ash mortar, uye vakaongorora hukama pakati pekunyorova uye simba rekumanikidza. Zvakaonekwa kuti kuwedzera hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether mune inobhururuka madota dhaka kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuchengetedza kwemvura kuita kwedhaka, kurebesa nguva yekubatanidza yedhaka, uye kuderedza kunyorova uye kumanikidza simba redhaka. Pane kuwirirana kwakanaka pakati pekunyorova kwemvura uye 28d yekumanikidza simba. Pasi pemamiriro ekuzivikanwa kunyorova density, iyo 28d yekumanikidza simba inogona kuverengerwa nekushandisa yakakodzera fomula.
Muzvinafundo Pang Lufeng naChang Qingshan vekuShandong Jianzhu University vakashandisa nzira yekugadzira mayunifomu kuti vadzidze kurudziro yemisanganiswa mitatu yedota renhunzi, mineral powder uye silica fume pamusoro pesimba rekongiri, uye kuisa pamberi mafomula ekufanotaura nehumwe hunokosha hunoshanda kuburikidza nekudzoreredza. kuongorora. , uye kushanda kwayo kwakasimbiswa.
Chinangwa uye kukosha kwechidzidzo ichi
Sechinhu chakakosha chekuchengetedza mvura, cellulose ether inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira chikafu, dhaka uye kongiri kugadzira uye mamwe maindasitiri. Semusanganiswa wakakosha mumadhaka akasiyana-siyana, akasiyana-siyana e-cellulose ethers anogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kubuda kwekubuda kwemvura yakawanda, kuwedzera thixotropy uye kuvaka kutsvedzerera kwedhaka, uye kugadzirisa kuchengetedza kwemvura uye kusimba kwechisungo chedhaka.
Iko kushandiswa kwemamineral admixtures kuri kuwedzera kupararira, izvo zvisingagadzirise chete dambudziko rekugadzirisa nhamba yakakura yezvigadzirwa zveindasitiri, inochengetedza ivhu uye inochengetedza nharaunda, asi zvakare inogona kushandura marara kuita pfuma uye kugadzira mabhenefiti.
Pakave nezvidzidzo zvakawanda pamusoro pezvikamu zvemadhaka maviri kumba nekune dzimwe nyika, asi hapana zvakawanda zvidzidzo zvekuedza zvinobatanidza zviviri pamwe chete. Chinangwa chebepa iri ndechekusanganisa akati wandei cellulose ethers uye mineral admixtures mune simende paste panguva imwe chete, yakakwira fluidity dhaka uye dhaka repurasitiki (kutora dhaka rekubatanidza semuenzaniso), kuburikidza nekuongorora bvunzo yekuyerera uye akasiyana emakanika zvinhu, mutemo wepesvedzero yemhando mbiri dzedhaka kana zvikamu zvawedzerwa pamwechete zvinopfupikiswa, izvo zvinokanganisa ramangwana cellulose ether. Uye kumwe kushandiswa kwemamineral admixtures kunopa imwe ratidziro.
Pamusoro pezvo, pepa iri rinopa nzira yekufanotaura kusimba kwedhaka nekongiri zvichibva pane FERET simba dzidziso uye basa coefficient yemaminerari admixtures, iyo inogona kupa imwe kutungamira kukosha kweiyo musanganiswa ratio dhizaini uye kufanotaura kwesimba kwedhaka nekongiri.
1.6Nyaya huru yetsvakiridzo yepepa iri
Iwo makuru ekutsvagisa zviri mukati meiyi bepa anosanganisira:
1. Nekusanganisa akati wandei cellulose ethers uye akasiyana mamineral admixtures, zviedzo pamusoro pemvura yakachena slurry uye high-fluidity dhaka zvakaitwa, uye mitemo yepesvedzero yakapfupikiswa uye zvikonzero zvakaongororwa.
2. Nekuwedzera cellulose ethers uye akasiyana mamineral admixtures kune yakakwira fluidity dhaka uye bonding dhaka, ongorora maitiro azvo pakumanikidza kusimba, kuchinjika simba, compression-kupeta reshiyo uye bonding dhaka repamusoro fluidity dhaka uye dhaka repurasitiki Mutemo wekupesvedzera pane tensile bond. simba.
3. Yakasanganiswa neiyo FERET simba dzidziso uye basa coefficient of mineral admixtures, simba rekufanotaura nzira ye-multi-component cementitious material mortar uye konkrete inorongwa.
Chitsauko 2 Ongororo yezvakagadzirwa uye zvikamu zvadzo zvekuyedzwa
2.1 Test zvinhu
2.1.1 Simende (C)
Muedzo wakashandisa "Shanshui Dongyue" brand PO. 42.5 Cement.
2.1.2 Mineral powder (KF)
Iyo $95 giredhi granulated blast furnace slag poda kubva kuShandong Jinan Luxin New Building Materials Co., Ltd.
2.1.3 Fly Ash (FA)
Iyo giredhi II inobhururuka madota anogadzirwa neJinan Huangtai Power Plant inosarudzwa, iyo fineness (yasara sese ye459m square hole sieve) i13%, uye chiyero chekudiwa kwemvura i96%.
2.1.4 Sirika utsi (sF)
Silica fume inotora iyo silica fume yeShanghai Aika Silica Fume Material Co., Ltd., density yayo i2.59/cm3; iyo chaiyo nzvimbo i17500m2/kg, uye avhareji saizi iO. 1～0.39m, 28d chiitiko indekisi i108%, mvura inodiwa ratio i120%.
2.1.5 Redispersible latex poda (JF)
Iyo poda yerabha inotora Max redispersible latex poda 6070N (bonding type) kubva kuGomez Chemical China Co., Ltd.
2.1.6 Cellulose ether (CE)
CMC inotora coating giredhi CMC kubva kuZibo Zou Yongning Chemical Co., Ltd., uye HPMC inotora marudzi maviri ehydroxypropyl methylcellulose kubva kuGomez Chemical China Co., Ltd.
2.1.7 Zvimwe zvakasanganiswa
Heavy calcium carbonate, huni fiber, mvura inodzinga, calcium formate, nezvimwe.
2.1,8 quartz jecha
Ijecha requartz rakagadzirwa nemuchina rinotora mhando ina dzehunyoro: 10-20 mesh, 20-40 H, 40.70 mesh uye 70.140 H, density i2650 kg/rn3, uye kupisa kwe stack i1620 kg/m3.
2.1.9 Polycarboxylate superplasticizer poda (PC)
Iyo polycarboxylate poda yeSuzhou Xingbang Chemical Building Materials Co., Ltd.) ndeye 1J1030, uye mwero wekudzikisa mvura i30%.
2.1.10 Jecha (S)
Jecha riri pakati nepakati reDawen River muTai'an rinoshandiswa.
2.1.11 Coarse aggregate (G)
Shandisa Jinan Ganggou kugadzira 5 ″ ~ 25 dombo rakapwanyika.
2.2 Nzira yekuedza
2.2.1 Nzira yekuedza ye slurry fluidity
Midziyo yekuyedza: NJ. 160 mhando simende slurry musanganiswa, inogadzirwa naWuxi Jianyi Instrument Machinery Co., Ltd.
Nzira dzekuyedza uye mhedzisiro inoverengerwa zvinoenderana neyeyedzo nzira yekuyerera kwesamende paste muAppendix A ye "GB 50119.2003 Tekinoroji Mamiriro eKushandiswa kweConcrete Admixtures" kana ((GB/T8077-2000 Test Method yeHomogeneousness yeConcrete Admixtures) .
2.2.2 Nzira yekuyedza yekuyerera kwedhaka remvura zhinji
Midziyo yekuedza: JJ. Type 5 sement mortar mixer, yakagadzirwa naWuxi Jianyi Instrument Machinery Co., Ltd.;
TYE-2000B dhaka compression test machine, yakagadzirwa naWuxi Jianyi Instrument Machinery Co., Ltd.;
TYE-300B dhaka rekubhenda bvunzo muchina, wakagadzirwa naWuxi Jianyi Instrument Machinery Co., Ltd.
Mortar fluidity yekuona nzira yakavakirwa pa "JC. T 986-2005 Cement-based grouting materials” uye “GB 50119-2003 Technical Specifications for the Application of Concrete Admixtures” Appendix A, saizi yekoni inofa yakashandiswa, kureba i60mm, dhayamita yemukati yechiteshi chepamusoro i70mm. , dhayamita yemukati yechiteshi chezasi i100mm, uye dhayamita yekunze yechiteshi chezasi i120mm, uye huremu hwakaoma hwedhaka hahufanire kunge huri pasi pe2000g nguva imwe neimwe.
Mhedzisiro yezviyedzo zvezviviri izvi zvinofanirwa kutora avhareji kukosha kweaya maviri vertical directions semhedzisiro yekupedzisira.
2.2.3 Nzira yekuyedza ye tensile bond kusimba kwe bonded mortar
Main test equipment: WDL. Type 5 yemagetsi universal yekuyedza muchina, inogadzirwa neTianjin Gangyuan Instrument Factory.
Iyo nzira yekuyedza ye tensile bond simba ichaitwa maererano neChikamu 10 che (JGJ/T70.2009 Standard for Test Methods for Basic Properties of Building Motars.
Chitsauko 3. Mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether pane yakachena paste uye dhaka rebhinari simende zvinhu zveakasiyana mamineral admixtures.
Liquidity Impact
Ichi chitsauko chinoongorora akati wandei cellulose ethers uye mineral blends nekuyedza nhamba huru ye-multi-level yakachena simende-based slurries uye madhaka uye binary simende system slurries uye madhaka ane akasiyana mamineral admixtures uye fluidity uye kurasikirwa kwavo nekufamba kwenguva. Iyo pesvedzero yemutemo wekushandiswa kwemusanganiswa wezvishandiso pane fluidity yeakachena slurry uye dhaka, uye pesvedzero yezvakasiyana zvinhu zvinopfupikiswa nekuongororwa.
3.1 Rondedzero yekuyedza protocol
Tichifunga nezvesimba re cellulose ether pakushanda kwe pure simenti system uye akasiyana simende masisitimu emidziyo, isu tinonyanya kudzidza mune maviri mafomu:
1. puree. Iine zvakanakira intuition, kushanda kuri nyore uye kururamisa kwepamusoro, uye inonyanya kukodzera pakuona kwekugadziriswa kwezvipfeko zvakadai se cellulose ether kune gelling material, uye kusiyana kuri pachena.
2. High fluidity mortar. Kuwana kuyerera kwepamusoro mamiriro zvakare kune kuve nyore kuyerwa nekutarisa. Pano, kugadziriswa kwereferensi yekuyerera nyika inonyanya kudzorwa nepamusoro-performance superplasticizers. Kuti tideredze chikanganiso chekuyedza, isu tinoshandisa polycarboxylate mvura inodzikisira ine yakafara kuchinjika kune simende, inonzwa tembiricha, uye tembiricha yekuyedza inoda kunyatsodzorwa.
3.2 Kupesvedzera bvunzo ye cellulose ether pane fluidity ye pure simende paste
3.2.1 Chiyero chekuyedza mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether pane fluidity ye pure simende paste
Tichitarisa kupesvedzero ye cellulose ether pakuyerera kweiyo pure slurry, iyo yakachena simende slurry yeimwe-chikamu sementitious material system yakatanga kushandiswa kuona pesvedzero. Iyo huru referensi indekisi pano inotora yakanyanya intuitive fluidity yekuona.
Zvinhu zvinotevera zvinoonekwa sezvinokanganisa kufamba:
1. Mhando dze cellulose ethers
2. Cellulose ether content
3. Slurry nguva yekuzorora
Pano, takagadzirisa PC yehupfu pa 0.2%. Mapoka matatu nemapoka mana ekuedzwa akashandiswa kumhando nhatu dze cellulose ethers (carboxymethylcellulose sodium CMC, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC). Kune sodium carboxymethyl cellulose CMC, chiyero che 0%, O. 10%, O. 2%, iyo Og, 0.39, 0.69 (chiyero chesimende mumuedzo wega wega ndeye 3009). , ye hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, muyero ndeye 0%, O. 05%, O. 10%, O. 15%, iyo 09, 0.159, 0.39, 0.459.
3.2.2 Zviyedzo uye kuongororwa kwemhedzisiro ye cellulose ether pane fluidity ye pure simende paste.
(1) Iyo fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yeyakachena simende paste yakasanganiswa neCMC
Ongororo yemhinduro dzebvunzo:
1. Chiratidzo chekufamba:
Kuenzanisa mapoka matatu ane nguva imwechete yakamira, maererano nekutanga fluidity, nekuwedzera kweCMC, mvura yekutanga yakaderera zvishoma; iyo hafu yeawa fluidity yakadzikira zvakanyanya nemuyero, zvakanyanya nekuda kwehafu yeawa fluidity yeboka risina chinhu. Iyo 20mm yakakura kudarika yekutanga (izvi zvinogona kukonzerwa nekunonoka kwePC powder): -IJ, iyo fluidity inoderera zvishoma pa 0.1% dosage, uye inowedzera zvakare pa 0.2% dosage.
Kuenzanisa mapoka matatu ane muyero wakafanana, kunyunguduka kweboka risina chinhu kwaive kwakakura muhafu yeawa, uye kwakaderera muawa imwe chete (izvi zvinogona kunge zvakakonzerwa nekuti mushure meawa imwe chete, zvimedu zvesimende zvakaonekwa zvakanyanya hydration uye adhesion; iyo inter-particle yakaumbwa pakutanga, uye slurry yakaonekwa yakawanda. iyo fluidity yemapoka eC1 neC2 yakaderera zvishoma muhafu yeawa, zvichiratidza kuti kunwa kwemvura kweCMC kwakave nekukanganisa kwehurumende; nepo pane zvinyorwa zveC2, pakanga pane kuwedzera kukuru muawa imwe chete, zvichiratidza kuti zvinyorwa Mugumisiro wekunonoka kweCMC ndiwo mukuru.
2. Tsanangudzo yepenomenon:
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti nekuwedzera kwezviri mukati meCMC, chiitiko chekukwenya chinotanga kuoneka, zvichiratidza kuti CMC ine imwe mhedzisiro pakuwedzera viscosity yesamende paste, uye mhepo-entraining mhedzisiro yeCMC inokonzera chizvarwa che. mhepo inoputika.
(2) Iyo fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yeyakachena simende paste yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity 100,000)
Ongororo yemhinduro dzebvunzo:
1. Chiratidzo chekufamba:
Kubva pamutsara wegirafu yemhedzisiro yekumira nguva pane fluidity, zvinogona kuoneka kuti iyo fluidity muhafu yeawa yakakura kana ichienzaniswa neyekutanga uye imwe awa, uye nekuwedzera kwezviri mukati HPMC, maitiro akadzikira. Pakazere, kurasikirwa kwemvura hakuna kukura, zvichiratidza kuti HPMC ine pachena kuchengetwa kwemvura kune slurry, uye ine imwe yekudzosa maitiro.
Zvinogona kuoneka kubva pakuona kuti fluidity inobata zvakanyanya kune zvirimo zveHPMC. Muyedzo yekuyedza, iyo yakakura zvirimo zveHPMC, idiki iyo fluidity. Zvakanyanya kuoma kuzadza fluidity cone mold pachayo pasi pehuwandu hwemvura. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti mushure mekuwedzera HPMC, kurasikirwa kwemvura kunokonzerwa nenguva hakusi kukuru kune yakachena slurry.
2. Tsanangudzo yepenomenon:
Iro boka risina chinhu rine chiitiko chekubuda ropa, uye inogona kuonekwa kubva mukushanduka kwakapinza kwemvura ine dosi kuti HPMC ine mvura yakasimba zvikuru yekuchengetedza uye kukora simba kupfuura CMC, uye inoita basa rinokosha mukubvisa kubuda kweropa. Iwo mabhuru makuru emhepo haafanire kunzwisiswa semhedzisiro yekupinda mhepo. Muchokwadi, mushure mekunge viscosity ichiwedzera, mhepo yakavhenganiswa mukati panguva yekukurudzira haigoni kurohwa kuita mabhuru madiki emhepo nekuti slurry yakanyanya viscous.
(3) Iyo fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yeyakachena simende paste yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity ye150,000)
Ongororo yemhinduro dzebvunzo:
1. Chiratidzo chekufamba:
Kubva pamutsara wegirafu yesimba rezviri mukati meHPMC (150,000) pane fluidity, pesvedzero yeshanduko yezvirimo pane fluidity iri pachena kupfuura iyo ye100,000 HPMC, zvichiratidza kuti kuwedzera kweiyo viscosity yeHPMC kunoderedza. the fluidity.
Nezvekucherechedzwa kuri kuita, zvinoenderana nemaitiro ese ekuchinja kwemvura nenguva, iyo hafu yeawa yekudzosa mhedzisiro yeHPMC (150,000) iri pachena, nepo mhedzisiro ye -4, yakaipa kupfuura iyo yeHPMC (100,000) .
2. Tsanangudzo yepenomenon:
Muboka rakanga risina chinhu rakanga richibuda. Chikonzero chekukwenya ndiro yaive yekuti mvura-simende reshiyo yepasi slurry yakava diki mushure mekubuda ropa, uye slurry yaive yakaoma uye yakaoma kukwenya kubva mundiro yegirazi. Kuwedzerwa kweHPMC kwakaita basa rinokosha pakubvisa kubuda ropa. Nekuwedzera kwezviri mukati, diki diki diki mabhururu akatanga kuoneka uye ipapo mabhuru makuru akaonekwa. Mabhuru madiki anonyanya kukonzerwa nechimwe chikonzero. Saizvozvo, mabhuru mahombe haafanire kunzwisiswa semhedzisiro yekupinda mhepo. Muchokwadi, mushure mekunge viscosity ichiwedzera, mhepo yakasanganiswa mukati panguva yekukurudzira yakanyanyisa uye haigone kufashukira kubva kune slurry.
3.3 Kupesvedzera bvunzo ye cellulose ether pane fluidity yeakachena slurry yeakawanda-chikamu sementitious zvinhu.
Ichi chikamu chinonyanya kuongorora mhedzisiro yekushandiswa kwekomboni kwe akati wandei admixtures uye matatu cellulose ethers (carboxymethyl cellulose sodium CMC, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose HPMC) pane fluidity ye pulp.
Saizvozvo, mapoka matatu nemapoka mana ekuedzwa akashandiswa kune matatu marudzi e cellulose ethers (carboxymethylcellulose sodium CMC, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC). Kune sodium carboxymethyl cellulose CMC, iyo dosage ye0%, 0.10%, uye 0.2%, zvinoti 0g, 0.3g, uye 0.6g (iyo simende dosage pabvunzo yega yega i300g). Kune hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, muyero ndeye 0%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, kureva 0g, 0.15g, 0.3g, 0.45g. Iyo PC yemukati yehupfu inodzorwa pa 0.2%.
Iyo nhunzi madota uye slag poda muminerari admixture inotsiviwa neyakafanana chiyero chemukati yekusanganisa nzira, uye mazinga ekusanganiswa ari 10%, 20% uye 30%, ndiko kuti, iyo yekutsiva chiyero ndeye 30g, 60g uye 90g. Zvisinei, tichifunga nezvesimba rekuita kwepamusoro, shrinkage, uye nyika, iyo silica fume content inodzorwa kusvika 3%, 6%, uye 9%, kureva, 9g, 18g, uye 27g.
3.3.1 Chiyero chekuyedza kuita kwe cellulose ether pakuyerera kweiyo yakachena slurry yebhinari simende zvinhu.
(1) Test scheme yekuyerera kwebinari simende zvinhu zvakasanganiswa neCMC uye akasiyana mineral admixtures..
(2) Chirongwa chekuyedza kuyerera kwebinary simende zvinhu zvakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity 100,000) uye akasiyana mineral admixtures..
(3) Test scheme yekuyerera kwebinary cementitious zvinhu zvakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity ye150,000) uye akasiyana mineral admixtures..
3.3.2 Mhedzisiro yebvunzo uye kuongororwa kwemhedzisiro ye cellulose ether pane fluidity yeakawanda-chikamu sementitious zvinhu.
(1) Yekutanga fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yebhinari simentitious zvinhu yakachena slurry yakasanganiswa neCMC uye akasiyana mineral admixtures..
Izvo zvinogona kuoneka kubva pane izvi kuti kuwedzera kwenhunzi madota kunogona kunyatso wedzera kuyerera kwekutanga kwe slurry, uye kunowedzera kuwedzera nekuwedzera kwenhunzi madota. Panguva imwecheteyo, kana zviri mukati meCMC zvichiwedzera, fluidity inoderera zvishoma, uye iyo yakanyanya kuderera ndeye 20mm.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti iyo yekutanga fluidity ye slurry yakachena inogona kuwedzerwa pane yakaderera dosage yemamineral powder, uye kuvandudzwa kwemvura kunenge kusiri pachena kana chiyero chiri pamusoro pe20%. Panguva imwecheteyo, huwandu hweCMC muO. Pa1%, iyo fluidity yakanyanya.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva pane izvi kuti zviri mukati me silica fume kazhinji zvine mhedzisiro yakaipa pane yekutanga fluidity ye slurry. Panguva imwecheteyo, CMC zvakare yakaderedza zvishoma kuyerera.
Hafu-awa fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yeyakachena bhinari simende zvinhu zvakasanganiswa neCMC uye akasiyana mineral admixtures..
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kuvandudzwa kwemvura inobhururuka kwehafu yeawa inobudirira pane yakaderera dosage, asi inogonawo kuva nokuti iri pedyo nekuyerera kweiyo yakachena slurry. Panguva imwecheteyo, CMC ichine kuderedzwa kudiki kwekuyerera.
Mukuwedzera, kuenzanisa iyo yekutanga nehafu yeawa fluidity, inogona kuwanikwa kuti yakawanda inobhururuka madota inobatsira kudzora kurasikirwa kwemvura munguva.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva pane izvi kuti huwandu hwemaminerari hupfu husina hutsika husina kunaka hunoita pamvura yemvura yakachena slurry kwehafu yeawa, uye nguva dzose haina kusimba. Panguva imwecheteyo, mhedzisiro yeCMC yemukati pane fluidity muhafu yeawa haisi pachena, asi kuvandudzwa kwe20% mineral powder replacement group kunenge kuri pachena.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kukanganisa kwakashata kwemvura yakachena slurry nehuwandu hwesilica fume kwehafu yeawa inonyanya kuoneka kupfuura yekutanga, kunyanya kuitika muhuwandu hwe6% kusvika ku9% inonyanya kuoneka. Panguva imwecheteyo, kudzikira kweiyo CMC yemukati pane fluidity ingangoita 30mm, iyo yakakura kupfuura kudzikira kweCMC yemukati kune yekutanga.
(2) Yekutanga fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yebhinari simentitious zvinhu pure slurry yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity 100,000) uye akasiyana mineral admixtures.
Kubva pane izvi, zvinogona kuoneka kuti mhedzisiro yenhunzi madota pamvura inoyerera inoratidzika, asi inowanikwa muyedzo kuti nhunzi madota haina mhedzisiro yakajeka yekubuda ropa. Mukuwedzera, iyo inoderedza mhedzisiro yeHPMC pane fluidity iri pachena (kunyanya muhuwandu hwe0.1% kusvika 0.15% yepamusoro dosage, iyo yakanyanya kuderera inogona kusvika kupfuura 50mm).
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti iyo mineral powder ine zvishoma zvishoma pane fluidity, uye haina kunyanya kuvandudza kubuda ropa. Pamusoro pezvo, kudzikisira mhedzisiro yeHPMC pane fluidity inosvika 60mm muhuwandu hwe0.1%～0.15% yepamusoro dosage.
Kubva pane izvi, zvinogona kuoneka kuti kuderedzwa kweiyo fluidity ye silica fume kunonyanya kuoneka muhombe dosi renji, uye nekuwedzera, iyo silica fume ine zviri pachena kuvandudza mhedzisiro pakubuda ropa mukuyedzwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, HPMC ine mhedzisiro iri pachena pakudzikiswa kwemvura (kunyanya muhuwandu hwehuwandu hwedosi yakawanda (0.1% kusvika 0.15%). Nezvezvinhu zvinofurira zvemvura, silica fume uye HPMC inoita basa rinokosha, uye imwe The admixture inoshanda seyebetsero diki gadziriso.
Zvinogona kuoneka kuti, kazhinji, mhedzisiro yeatatu admixtures pane fluidity yakafanana neyekutanga kukosha. Kana iyo silica fume iri pahuwandu hwe9% uye iyo HPMC yemukati iO. Muchiitiko che15%, chiitiko chekuti data yaisagona kuunganidzwa nekuda kwehurombo hwehunyoro hwakanga hwakaoma kuzadza cone mold. , zvichiratidza kuti viscosity ye silica fume uye HPMC yakawedzera zvakanyanya pamazinga epamusoro. Kuenzaniswa neCMC, iyo viscosity inowedzera maitiro eHPMC iri pachena.
(3) Yekutanga fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yebinary cementitious material pure slurry yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity 100,000) uye akasiyana mineral admixtures.
Kubva pane izvi, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti HPMC (150,000) uye HPMC (100,000) vane migumisiro yakafanana pane slurry, asi HPMC ine viscosity yakakwirira ine kuderera kuduku kwemvura, asi haisi pachena, iyo inofanira kunge yakabatana nekuparara. yeHPMC. Sipidhi yacho ine hukama hwakati. Pakati pezvakasanganiswa, mhedzisiro yehunyunzi madota pane fluidity ye slurry inonyanya mutsara uye yakanaka, uye 30% yezviri mukati inogona kuwedzera fluidity ne20,-,30mm; Mhedzisiro yacho haisi pachena, uye kuvandudzwa kwayo kwekuita pakubuda ropa kunogumira; kunyangwe padanho diki remuyero wepasi pe10%, silica fume ine mhedzisiro iri pachena pakuderedza kubuda kweropa, uye nzvimbo yayo chaiyo yakakura zvakapetwa kaviri pane iyo simende. kurongeka kwehukuru, mhedzisiro yekushambadza kwayo kwemvura pakufamba kwakakosha zvakanyanya.
Mune izwi, mune yakasarudzika mutsauko weyero, izvo zvinokanganisa kuyerera kweiyo slurry, iyo dosage yesilica fume uye HPMC ndiyo inonyanya kukosha, kungave kutonga kwekubuda ropa kana kutonga kwekuyerera, ndiko. zvakanyanya kujeka, zvimwe Mhedzisiro yezvisanganiswa ndeyechipiri uye inotamba yebetsero kugadzirisa basa.
Chikamu chechitatu chinopfupikisa pesvedzero yeHPMC (150,000) uye inosanganisa pakuyerera kweyakachena pulp muhafu yeawa, iyo inowanzofanana nepesvedzero mutemo wekukosha kwekutanga. Zvinogona kuwanikwa kuti kuwedzera kwekubhururuka kwedota pamvura yemvura yakachena slurry kwehafu yeawa kunonyanya kuoneka pane kuwedzera kwekutanga kwemvura, simba re slag powder harisati rave pachena, uye simba resilica fume content pamusoro pemvura. zvichiri pachena. Uye zvakare, maererano nezviri mukati meHPMC, pane zvakawanda zviitiko zvisingagoni kudururwa pane zvakakwirira zvemukati, zvichiratidza kuti iyo O. 15% dosage ine mhedzisiro yakakura pakuwedzera viscosity uye kuderedza fluidity, uye maererano nekuyerera kwehafu. awa, ichienzaniswa nehuwandu hwekutanga, boka re slag's O. The fluidity ye05% HPMC yakaderera zviri pachena.
Panyaya yekurasika kwemvura nekufamba kwenguva, kuiswa kwe silica fume kune simba rakati wandei pairi, kunyanya nekuti silica fume ine hupamhi hukuru, chiitiko chepamusoro, kukurumidza kuita, uye kugona kwakasimba kutora unyoro, zvichiita kuti pave nehunyoro. fluidity kusvika panguva yakamira. To.
3.4 Kuedza pakuita kweselulosi ether pakuyerera kwesamende yakachena-yakavakirwa yakakwira-fluidity mortar.
3.4.1 Chiyero chekuyedza kuita kweselulosi ether pakuyerera kwesamende yakachena-yakavakirwa yakakwira-fluidity mortar.
Shandisa yakakwira fluidity dhaka kuona maitiro ayo pakushanda. Iyo huru referensi index pano ndiyo yekutanga uye hafu yeawa mortar fluidity bvunzo.
Zvinhu zvinotevera zvinoonekwa sezvinokanganisa kufamba:
1 mhando dze cellulose ethers,
2 Dosage ye cellulose ether,
3 Toka yakamira nguva
3.4.2 Miedzo yemhedzisiro uye kuongororwa kwemhedzisiro ye cellulose ether pane kuyerera kwe pure simende-based high-fluidity mortar.
(1) Fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yeyakachena simende dhaka yakasanganiswa neCMC
Pfupiso uye ongororo yemhedzisiro yebvunzo:
1. Chiratidzo chekufamba:
Kuenzanisa mapoka matatu ane nguva imwechete yakamira, maererano nekutanga fluidity, nekuwedzera kweCMC, mvura yekutanga yakaderera zvishoma, uye apo zvinyorwa zvakasvika O. Pa15%, pane kuderera kwakajeka; kuderera kwehuwandu hwemvura nekuwedzera kwehuwandu muhafu yeawa yakafanana neyokutanga kukosha.
2. Chiratidzo:
Tichitaura nedzidziso, tichienzanisa netsvina yakachena, kuiswa kwezvakaunganidzwa mudhaka kunoita kuti zvive nyore kuti maturu emhepo apinzwe mumatope, uye kuvharika kwezviunganidzwa pazvinobuda ropa kuchaitawo kuti zvive nyore kuti mafuro emhepo kana kubuda ropa kuchengetwe. Mune slurry, saka, iyo mhepo bubble yemukati uye saizi yedhaka inofanira kunge yakawedzera uye yakakura kupfuura iyo yakatsvinda slurry. Kune rumwe rutivi, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti nekuwedzera kwezviri mukati meCMC, mvura inoyerera inodzikira, zvichiratidza kuti CMC ine imwe huturu hunoita padhaka, uye hafu yeawa fluidity test inoratidza kuti mabhuru anofashukira pamusoro pemvura. kuwedzera zvishoma. , iyo iriwo kuratidzwa kwekusimudzira kusimba, uye kana kuwirirana kunosvika kune imwe nhanho, mabhudzi achave akaoma kuputika, uye hapana mabhuru akajeka achaonekwa pamusoro.
(2) Iyo fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro ye pure simende dhaka yakasanganiswa neHPMC (100,000)
Ongororo yemhinduro dzebvunzo:
1. Chiratidzo chekufamba:
Inogona kuonekwa kubva pamufananidzo kuti nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hweHPMC, iyo fluidity inoderedzwa zvikuru. Kuenzaniswa neCMC, HPMC ine simba rekukora. Mhedzisiro uye kuchengetedza mvura zviri nani. Kubva ku0.05% kusvika ku0.1%, huwandu hwekuchinja kwemvura kunonyanya kuoneka, uye kubva kuO. Mushure me1%, hapana kuchinja kwekutanga kana hafu yeawa mukuyerera kwakanyanya.
2. Tsanangudzo yepenomenon:
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva patafura uye nhamba kuti pane chaizvoizvo hapana mabhubhu mumapoka maviri eMh2 neMh3, zvichiratidza kuti viscosity yemapoka maviri aya yatove yakakura, kudzivirira kupfachukira kwemabhuru mune slurry.
(3) Iyo fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro ye pure simende dhaka yakasanganiswa neHPMC (150,000)
Ongororo yemhinduro dzebvunzo:
1. Chiratidzo chekufamba:
Kuenzanisa mapoka akati wandei ane nguva imwechete yakamira, maitiro akajairika ndeokuti zvese zvekutanga nehafu yeawa fluidity inodzikira nekuwedzera kwezviri mukati meHPMC, uye kuderera kuri pachena kupfuura iyo yeHPMC ine viscosity ye100,000, zvichiratidza kuti kuwedzera kwe viscosity yeHPMC inoita kuti iwedzere. The thickening effect inosimbiswa, asi muO. Mhedzisiro yepimo pazasi 05% haisi pachena, iyo fluidity ine shanduko yakakura muhuwandu hwe0.05% kusvika 0.1%, uye maitiro ari zvakare muhuwandu hwe0.1% kusvika ku0.15%. Zvinonoke, kana kutorega kuchinja. Kuenzanisa iyo hafu yeawa fluidity kurasikirwa kukosha (yekutanga fluidity uye hafu-awa fluidity) yeHPMC ine maviscosities maviri, zvinogona kuwanikwa kuti HPMC ine yakakwira viscosity inogona kuderedza kukosha kwekurasikirwa, zvichiratidza kuti kuchengetwa kwayo kwemvura uye kumisikidza kudzoreredza mhedzisiro. nani pane iyo yepasi viscosity.
2. Tsanangudzo yepenomenon:
Panyaya yekudzora kubuda ropa, maHPMC maviri ane misiyano mishoma pakuita, ese anogona kuchengetedza mvura nekukora, kubvisa mhedzisiro yekubuda ropa, uye panguva imwechete inobvumira mabhubhu kuti afashukire zvinobudirira.
3.5 Kuedza nezve mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether pane fluidity yemvura yakakwira dhaka yeakasiyana cementitious zvinhu masisitimu.
3.5.1 Chiyero chekuyedza kuita kweselulosi ethers pamvura yakakwira-fluidity dhaka reakasiyana simende zvinhu masisitimu.
High fluidity mortar ichiri kushandiswa kutarisa simba rayo pamvura. Iyo mikuru yekunongedza zviratidzo ndeyekutanga uye hafu yeawa mortar fluidity yekuona.
(1) Chiyedzo chirongwa chevhu fluidity ine bhinari simende zvinhu zvakasanganiswa neCMC uye akasiyana mineral admixtures.
(2) Kuedza chirongwa chevhu fluidity neHPMC (viscosity 100,000) uye mabhinari simende zvinhu zveakasiyana mamineral admixtures.
(3) Kuedza chirongwa chevhu fluidity neHPMC (viscosity 150,000) uye mabhinari simende zvinhu zveakasiyana mamineral admixtures.
3.5.2 Mhedzisiro yecellulose ether pakuyerera kwedhaka remvura zhinji mubhinari simentitious material system yemamineral admixtures akasiyana Migumisiro yekuedzwa uye kuongorora.
(1) Yekutanga fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yebhinari simende dhaka yakasanganiswa neCMC uye akasiyana admixtures.
Kubva pamigumisiro yekuedzwa kwekutanga kwemvura, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti kuwedzerwa kwenhunzi inobhururuka kunogona kuvandudza zvishoma mvura yevhu; kana zviri mukati memineral powder iri 10%, iyo fluidity yevhu inogona kuvandudzwa zvishoma; uye silica fume ine simba guru pane fluidity, kunyanya muhuwandu hwe6% ~ 9% mutsauko wezvinyorwa, zvichiita kuti kuderera kwemvura inosvika 90mm.
Mumapoka maviri efly ash uye mineral powder, CMC inoderedza kusvibiswa kwedhaka kune imwe nzvimbo, asi muboka re silica fume, O. Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hweCMC pamusoro pe1% haichagadziri zvakanyanya kusvibiswa kwedhaka.
Hafu-awa fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yebinary simende dhaka yakasanganiswa neCMC uye akasiyana akasanganiswa.
Kubva pamigumisiro yekuedzwa kwemvura muhafu yeawa, zvinogona kugumiswa kuti mhedzisiro yezvinyorwa zve admixture uye CMC yakafanana neyekutanga, asi zvinyorwa zveCMC muboka remamineral powder zvinoshanduka kubva kuO. 1% kusvika O. Shanduko ye2% yakakura, pa30mm.
Nezvekurasikirwa kwemvura nekufamba kwenguva, kubhururuka madota kune mhedzisiro yekudzikisa kurasikirwa, nepo mineral powder uye silica fume ichawedzera kukosha kwekurasikirwa pasi peyero yakakura. Iyo 9% dosage ye silica fume inoitawo kuti test mold isazadzwe yega. , fluidity haigoni kuyerwa zvakarurama.
(2) Yekutanga fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yebhinari simende dhaka yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity 100,000) uye akasiyana admixtures.
Hafu-awa fluidity bvunzo mhinduro dzebinary cementitious dhaka yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity 100,000) uye akasiyana admixtures.
Inogona kupedzwa kuburikidza nemiedzo kuti kuwedzera kwenhunzi ash kunogona kuvandudza zvishoma kuyerera kwedhaka; kana zviri mukati memineral powder iri 10%, iyo fluidity yevhu inogona kuvandudzwa zvishoma; Chiyero chacho chinonzwa zvakanyanya, uye boka reHPMC rine dosi yakakwira pa9% ine nzvimbo dzakafa, uye fluidity inonyangarika.
Zviri mukati me cellulose ether uye silica fume ndizvo zvakare zviri pachena zvinhu zvinokanganisa kuyerera kwedhaka. Mhedzisiro yeHPMC sezviri pachena yakakura kupfuura iyo yeCMC. Zvimwe zvinosanganiswa zvinogona kuvandudza kurasikirwa kwemvura nekufamba kwenguva.
(3) Yekutanga fluidity bvunzo mhedzisiro yebhinari cementitious dhaka yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity ye150,000) uye akasiyana admixtures.
Hafu-awa fluidity bvunzo mhinduro yebinary simende dhaka yakasanganiswa neHPMC (viscosity 150,000) uye akasiyana admixtures.
Inogona kupedzwa kuburikidza nemiedzo kuti kuwedzera kwenhunzi ash kunogona kuvandudza zvishoma kuyerera kwedhaka; kana zviri mukati memineral powder iri 10%, iyo fluidity yedhaka inogona kuvandudzwa zvishoma: silica fume ichiri kushanda zvakanyanya mukugadzirisa kubuda kweropa, nepo Fluidity inokanganisa mhedzisiro, asi isinganyanyi kushanda pane yayo mukuchenesa slurries. .
Nhamba huru yenzvimbo dzakafa dzakaonekwa pasi pehuwandu hweselulosi ether (kunyanya patafura yehafu yeawa fluidity), zvichiratidza kuti HPMC ine simba guru pakuderedza kusvibiswa kwedhaka, uye mineral powder uye fly ash zvinogona kuvandudza kurasikirwa. ye fluidity nekufamba kwenguva.
3.5 Chitsauko Pfupiso
1. Kunyatso kuenzanisa kuyerwa kwemvura yemvura yakachena simende paste yakasanganiswa nematatu cellulose ethers, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti
1. CMC ine zvimwe zvinodzoreredza uye zvinopinza mhepo mhedzisiro, isina kusimba kuchengetedza mvura, uye kumwe kurasikirwa nekufamba kwenguva.
2. Mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza mvura yeHPMC iri pachena, uye ine simba guru kune hurumende, uye mvura inoyerera inoderera zvakanyanya nekuwedzera kwezvinyorwa. Iine imwe mhepo-entraining effect, uye kukora kuri pachena. 15% inokonzeresa mabhubhu makuru mune slurry, izvo zvinosungirwa kuve zvinokanganisa simba. Nekuwedzera kweHPMC viscosity, iyo nguva-inotsamira kurasikirwa kwe slurry fluidity yakawedzera zvishoma, asi zvisiri pachena.
2. Kunyatsoenzanisa slurry fluidity test yebhinari gelling system yemamineral admixtures akasiyana-siyana akasanganiswa nematatu cellulose ethers, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti:
1. Mutemo wepesvedzero yematatu e-cellulose ethers pane fluidity ye slurry yebhinari cementitious system yemamineral admixtures akasiyana-siyana ane maitiro akafanana nepesvedzero yemutemo wekuyerera kweiyo pure simende slurry. CMC haina mhedzisiro pakudzora kubuda kweropa, uye ine isina kusimba painoderedza fluidity; marudzi maviri eHPMC anogona kuwedzera viscosity yeslurry uye kuderedza fluidity zvakanyanya, uye iyo ine viscosity yakakwirira ine mhedzisiro iri pachena.
2. Pakati pezvisanganiswa, madota anobhururuka ane imwe dhigirii yekuvandudza pane yekutanga uye hafu yeawa fluidity ye slurry yakachena, uye zvinyorwa zve 30% zvinogona kuwedzerwa ne 30mm; mhedzisiro yemamineral powder pane fluidity ye slurry yakachena haina nguva yakajeka; silicon Kunyangwe izvo zviri mudota zvakaderera, iyo yakasarudzika yekupedzisira-kunaka, kukurumidza kuita, uye yakasimba adsorption inoita kuti ideredze zvakanyanya fluidity ye slurry, kunyanya kana 0.15% HPMC yawedzerwa, pachave nekoni molds isingagoni kuzadzwa. The phenomenon.
3. Mukutonga kwekubuda ropa, kubhururuka madota uye mineral powder hazvisi pachena, uye silica fume inogona pachena kuderedza kuwanda kwekubuda ropa.
4. Maererano nehafu yeawa kurasikirwa kwemvura, kukosha kwekurasikirwa kwefly ash kuduku, uye kurasikirwa kweboka rinosanganisira silica fume yakakura.
5. Mukusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana kwezviri mukati, zvinhu zvinokanganisa kuyerera kwe slurry, zviri mukati meHPMC uye silica fume ndizvo zvinonyanya kukosha, kungave kutonga kwekubuda kweropa kana kutonga kwekuyerera, ndiko. zviri pachena. Kufurira kwemamineral powder uye mineral powder ndeyechipiri, uye inoita basa rekubatsira kugadzirisa.
3. Kunyatso kuenzanisa kuyerwa kwemvura yedhaka yakachena simende yakasanganiswa nematatu cellulose ether, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti
1. Mushure mekuwedzera ethers matatu e-cellulose, chiitiko chekubuda ropa chakabviswa zvinobudirira, uye kuyerera kwedhaka kazhinji kwakadzikira. Kumwe kukora, kuchengetedza mvura. CMC ine kumwe kudzoreredza uye mhepo-inopinza mhedzisiro, isina kusimba kuchengetedza mvura, uye kumwe kurasikirwa nekufamba kwenguva.
2. Mushure mekuwedzera CMC, kurasikirwa kwedhaka fluidity nekufamba kwenguva kunowedzera, izvo zvingave nokuti CMC ionic cellulose ether, iyo iri nyore kugadzira mvura neCa2 + mu simenti.
3. Kuenzanisa kwematatu e-cellulose ethers kunoratidza kuti CMC ine simba shoma pamvura, uye marudzi maviri eHPMC anoderedza zvakanyanya kuyerera kwedhaka pane zviri mukati 1/1000, uye iyo ine viscosity yepamusoro inopfuura zvishoma. pachena.
4. Idzo mhando nhatu dze cellulose ether dzine imwe air-entraining effect, iyo ichaita kuti mabhubhu epamusoro afashukire, asi kana zviri mukati meHPMC zvasvika zvinodarika 0.1%, nekuda kwehurefu hwekuona slurry, mabubbles anoramba ari mukati. slurry uye haigoni kufashukira.
5. Mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza mvura yeHPMC iri pachena, iyo ine simba guru pamamiriro ezvinhu emusanganiswa, uye kunyunguduka kunoderera zvakanyanya nekuwedzera kwezvinyorwa, uye kuwedzera kuri pachena.
4. Nyatsoenzanisa bvunzo ye fluidity ye multiple mineral admixture binary cementitious materials yakasanganiswa nematatu cellulose ethers.
Sezvaunogona kuona:
1. Mutemo wepesvedzero wematatu e-cellulose ether pakuyerera kwe-multi-component cementitious material mortar wakafanana nepesvedzero yemutemo pakuyerera kwetsvina yakachena. CMC haina mhedzisiro pakudzora kubuda kweropa, uye ine isina kusimba painoderedza fluidity; marudzi maviri eHPMC anogona kuwedzera viscosity yedhaka uye kuderedza fluidity zvakanyanya, uye iyo ine viscosity yakakwirira ine mhedzisiro yakajeka.
2. Pakati pezvisanganiswa, kubhururuka kwedota kune imwe dhigirii yekuvandudza pane yekutanga nehafu yeawa fluidity yekuchenesa slurry; pesvedzero yehupfu hwe slag pane fluidity ye slurry yakachena haina nguva yakajeka; kunyangwe izvo zviri mukati mesilica fume zvakaderera, iyo yakasarudzika yekupedzisira-kunaka, kukurumidza kuita uye yakasimba adsorption inoita kuti ive nekuderedza kukuru mhedzisiro pakuyerera kweiyo slurry. Nekudaro, kana zvichienzaniswa nemhedzisiro yekuyedzwa kwepaste yakachena, inowanikwa kuti mhedzisiro yezvisanganiswa zvinowanzoita kushaya simba.
3. Mukutonga kwekubuda ropa, kubhururuka madota uye mineral powder hazvisi pachena, uye silica fume inogona pachena kuderedza kuwanda kwekubuda ropa.
4. Mukusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana kweyero, zvinhu zvinokanganisa kuyerera kwedhaka, chiyero cheHPMC uye silica fume ndizvo zvinhu zvakakosha, kungave kutonga kwekubuda kweropa kana kutonga kwekuyerera, zvakanyanya. zviri pachena, iyo silica fume 9% Kana zvirimo zveHPMC zviri 0.15%, zviri nyore kuita kuti mold yekuzadza iome kuzadza, uye pesvedzero yezvimwe zvakasanganiswa ndeyechipiri uye inoita basa rekubatsira rekugadzirisa.
5. Pachave nemafuru pamusoro pedhaka rine fluidity inodarika 250mm, asi boka risina cellulose ether kazhinji harina mabubbles kana kuti mabhuru maduku chete, zvichiratidza kuti cellulose ether ine imwe air-entraining. mhedzisiro uye inoita slurry viscous. Uye zvakare, nekuda kwekuwandisa viscosity yedhaka ine mvura isina kusimba, zvinonetsa kuti mabhuru emhepo ayangamire kumusoro nekuzvimiririra kurema kwe slurry, asi inochengetwa mudhaka, uye simba rayo pasimba harigone kuve. kufuratirwa.
Chitsauko 4 Migumisiro yeCellulose Ethers paMechanical Properties yeMortar
Chitsauko chakapfuura chakadzidza mhedzisiro yekushandiswa kwakasanganiswa kwe cellulose ether uye akasiyana mamineral admixtures pane fluidity yeakachena slurry uye yakakwirira fluidity dhaka. Ichi chitsauko chinonyanya kuongorora kushandiswa kwakabatanidzwa kwe cellulose ether uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasanganiswa pane yakakwira fluidity mortar Uye simba rekumanikidzika uye kushanduka kwesimba rekubatanidza dhaka, uye hukama huri pakati pesimba rekubatana kwechisungo chekubatanidza uye cellulose ether uye mineral. admixtures zvakare inopfupikiswa uye kuongororwa.
Maererano nekutsvakurudza pamusoro pekushanda kweselulosi ether kune simenti-based material ye pure paste uye dhaka muChitsauko 3, muchikamu chekuedza simba, zvinyorwa zve cellulose ether ndeye 0.1%.
4.1 Inodzvinyirira uye inoshanduka simba bvunzo yeyakakwira fluidity dhaka
Iko kusimba uye kushanduka kwemasimba emamineral admixtures uye cellulose ethers mune yakakwira-fluidity infusion mortar yakaongororwa.
4.1.1 Kupesvedzera bvunzo pakumanikidza uye kuchinjika kwesimba resimende-yakavakirwa yakakwirira fluidity dhaka
Mhedzisiro yemhando nhatu dze cellulose ethers pane compressive uye flexural properties ye pure simende-based high-fluid mortar pamazera akasiyana-siyana pane yakatarwa ye 0.1% yakaitwa pano.
Kuongororwa kwesimba rekutanga: Panyaya yekusimba kwesimba, CMC ine imwe yekusimbisa mhedzisiro, nepo HPMC ine imwe yekuderedza maitiro; maererano nekusimba kwesimba, kubatanidzwa kwe cellulose ether kune mutemo wakafanana neine flexural simba; iyo viscosity yeHPMC inokanganisa masimba maviri. Iyo ine zvishoma mhedzisiro: maererano neiyo pressure-fold reshiyo, ese matatu cellulose ethers anogona kunyatso kudzikisa kudzvanywa-kupeta reshiyo uye kuwedzera kuchinjika kwedhaka. Pakati pavo, HPMC ine viscosity ye150,000 ine yakanyanya kujeka mhedzisiro.
(2) Mazuva manomwe ekuenzanisa simba rekuedza mhinduro
Kuongororwa kwesimba remazuva manomwe: Panyaya yesimba rekuchinjika uye simba rekumanikidza, kune mutemo wakafanana kune simba remazuva matatu. Kuenzaniswa nemazuva matatu-kupeta-kupeta, pane kuwedzera kuduku kwesimba rekupeta-kupeta. Nekudaro, kuenzaniswa kweiyo data yenguva yezera rimwe chete inogona kuona mhedzisiro yeHPMC pakuderedzwa kweiyo kumanikidza-kupeta ratio. zviri pachena.
(3) Mazuva makumi maviri nemasere simba rekuenzanisa bvunzo mhinduro
Kuongororwa kwesimba remazuva makumi maviri nemasere: Panyaya yesimba rekuchinjika uye simba rekumanikidza, kune mitemo yakafanana kune simba remazuva matatu. Simba rekushanduka-shanduka rinowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye simba rekumanikidza richiri kuwedzera kune imwe nhanho. Iyo data yekuenzanisa yenguva imwe chete yezera inoratidza kuti HPMC ine mhedzisiro yakajeka pakuvandudza reshiyo yekumanikidza-kupeta.
Zvinoenderana nekuyedzwa kwesimba kwechikamu ichi, zvinoonekwa kuti kuvandudzwa kwebrittleness yedhaka kunogumira neCMC, uye dzimwe nguva chiyero chekumanikidza-kupeta chinowedzerwa, zvichiita kuti dhaka riwedzere brittle. Panguva imwecheteyo, sezvo mvura yekuchengetedza mvura yakawanda kupfuura iyo yeHPMC, iyo cellulose ether yatinofunga yekuedza simba pano iHPMC yemaviscosities maviri. Kunyangwe HPMC ine imwe mhedzisiro yekudzikisa simba (kunyanya kune yekutanga simba), zvinobatsira kudzikisa iyo compression-refraction ratio, iyo inobatsira kuoma kwedhaka. Pamusoro pezvo, zvakasanganiswa nezvinhu zvinokanganisa kuyerera muChitsauko 3, mukudzidza kwekusanganiswa kwezvakasanganiswa uye CE Muyedzo yemhedzisiro, isu tichashandisa HPMC (100,000) sekufananidza CE.
4.1.2 Kupesvedzera bvunzo yekumanikidza uye kuchinjika simba remaminerari musanganiswa wakakwira fluidity mortar
Zvinoenderana nekuyedzwa kwekuyerera kweiyo yakachena slurry uye dhaka yakasanganiswa neyakasanganiswa muchitsauko chapfuura, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti fluidity ye silica fume iri pachena yakadzikira nekuda kwemvura zhinji inodiwa, kunyangwe ichigona kuvandudza density nesimba kumwero wakati. , kunyanya simba rekumanikidza, asi zviri nyore kuita kuti chiyero chekumanikidza-kupeta chive chakakurisa, izvo zvinoita kuti brittleness yevhu ishamise, uye iko kubvumirana kuti silica fume inowedzera kuderera kwedhaka. Panguva imwecheteyo, nekuda kwekushaikwa kwe skeleton shrinkage ye coarse aggregate, iyo shrinkage kukosha kwedhaka yakakura maererano nekongiri. Kudhaka (kunyanya dhaka rakakosha senge dhaka rekubatanidza nedhaka rekupurasita), kukuvadza kukuru kunowanzo kuderera. Pakutsemuka kunokonzerwa nekurasikirwa kwemvura, simba kazhinji harisi iro rinonyanya kukosha. Nokudaro, silica fume yakaraswa semusanganiswa, uye chete madota anobhururuka uye mineral powder zvakashandiswa kuongorora mhedzisiro yezvakagadzirwa zvayo ne cellulose ether pane simba.
4.1.2.1 Compressive uye flexural simba test scheme ye high fluidity mortar
Mukuedza uku, chikamu chedhaka mu4.1.1 chakashandiswa, uye zvinyorwa zve cellulose ether zvakagadziriswa pa 0.1% uye zvichienzaniswa neboka risina chinhu. Chiyero cheyero yeadhimixture bvunzo ndeye 0%, 10%, 20% uye 30%.
4.1.2.2 Compressive and flexural simba test results and analysis of high fluidity mortar
Inogona kuoneka kubva kune inomanikidza simba bvunzo kukosha kuti iyo 3d yekumanikidza simba mushure mekuwedzera HPMC inenge 5/VIPa yakaderera pane iyo yeboka risina chinhu. Kazhinji, nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekusanganiswa kwakawedzerwa, simba rekumanikidza rinoratidza kuderera kwemaitiro. . Mukutaura kwekusanganiswa, simba reboka remamineral powder risina HPMC ndiro rakanakisisa, asi simba reboka refly ash rakanyanya kuderera kupfuura yeboka remamineral powder, zvichiratidza kuti mineral powder haisi kushanda sesimenti, uye kubatanidzwa kwayo kuchaderedza zvishoma simba rekutanga rehurongwa. Dota renhunzi rine basa rakaderera rinoderedza simba zviri pachena. Chikonzero chekuongorora chinofanira kunge chiri chekuti nhunzi yedota inonyanya kubatanidzwa mune yechipiri hydration ye simenti, uye haibatsiri zvakanyanya kusimba rekutanga revhu.
Zvinogona kuoneka kubva kune flexural simba bvunzo kukosha kuti HPMC ichine yakashata mhedzisiro pane inoshanduka simba, asi kana zviri mukati meiyo admixture zvakwira, chiitiko chekudzikisa flexural simba hachichave pachena. Chikonzero chinogona kunge chiri chekuchengetedza mvura kweHPMC. Mwero wekurasikirwa kwemvura pamusoro peiyo mortar test block inodzikiswa, uye mvura ye hydration inokwana.
Panyaya yezvisanganiswa, simba rekushanduka-shanduka rinoratidza kuderera kwemaitiro nekuwedzera kwezvakasanganiswa zvemukati, uye simba rekushanduka-shanduka reboka remamineral powder rakakurawo zvishoma kudarika reboka renhunzi, zvichiratidza kuti basa remamineral powder ndiro. yakakura kupfuura iyo yemadota enhunzi.
Inogona kuonekwa kubva kune yakaverengerwa kukosha kweiyo compression-kuderedza reshiyo kuti kuwedzera kweHPMC kuchanyatso kudzikisa iyo compression reshiyo uye kunatsiridza kuchinjika kwedhaka, asi iko kuri kudhura kwekudzikisira kukuru kwesimba rekumanikidza.
Mukutaura kwekusanganiswa, sezvo huwandu hwekusanganiswa hunowedzera, iyo compression-fold ratio inowedzera kuwedzera, zvichiratidza kuti admixture haibatsiri kushanduka kwedhaka. Uye zvakare, zvinogona kuwanikwa kuti iyo yekumanikidza-peta reshiyo yedhaka isina HPMC inowedzera nekuwedzera kweiyo admixture. Kuwedzera kwacho kwakakura zvishoma, ndiko kuti, HPMC inogona kuvandudza kuumbwa kwedhaka kunokonzerwa nekuwedzera kweadhimixtures kune imwe nhanho.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti nokuda kwekumanikidzika kwesimba re7d, migumisiro yakaipa yezvisanganiswa haisisiri pachena. Iwo anomanikidza masimba masimba akada kufanana pane yega yega admixture dosage level, uye HPMC ichine dhizaini iri pachena pasimba rekumanikidza. effect.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti maererano nekusimba kwesimba, kusanganiswa kune kukanganisa kunokonzera 7d flexural resistance seyese, uye chete boka remamineral powders rakaita zviri nani, rakachengetwa pa11-12MPa.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti admixture ine mhedzisiro yakaipa maererano neiyo indentation ratio. Nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekusanganiswa, iyo indentation ratio inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, kureva kuti, dhaka rine brittle. HPMC inogona zviripachena kuderedza iyo compression-fold reshiyo uye kugadzirisa brittleness yedhaka.
Zvinogona kuoneka kuti kubva ku28d yekumanikidza simba, musanganiswa wakaita zviri pachena zvinobatsira pasimba rekupedzisira, uye iyo yekumanikidza simba yakawedzera ne 3-5MPa, iyo inonyanya kukonzerwa neiyo micro-kuzadza mhedzisiro yemusanganiswa. uye pozzolanic zvinhu. Iyo yechipiri hydration mhedzisiro yechinhu, kune rumwe rutivi, inogona kushandisa nekudya iyo calcium hydroxide inogadzirwa ne simenti hydration (calcium hydroxide chikamu chisina kusimba mudhaka, uye hupfumi hwayo munzvimbo yekushandura inokuvadza simba), Kugadzira zvimwe Zvigadzirwa zve hydration, kune rumwe rutivi, kusimudzira hydration dhigirii resimende uye kuita kuti dhaka riwedzere kudhaka. HPMC ichine yakakosha mhedzisiro pasimba rekumanikidza, uye simba rinopera simba rinogona kusvika kupfuura 10MPa. Kuongorora zvikonzero, HPMC inosvitsa imwe huwandu hwemhepo mabhubhu mune yekusanganisa dhaka maitiro, izvo zvinoderedza kusimba kwemuviri wevhu. Ichi ndicho chimwe chikonzero. HPMC inoshambadzirwa zviri nyore pamusoro pezvimedu zvakasimba kuti iite firimu, ichitadzisa iyo hydration process, uye iyo interface yekushandura nzvimbo haina kusimba, iyo isingaite simba.
Zvinogona kuoneka kuti maererano ne28d flexural simba, iyo data ine yakakura kupararira pane kumanikidza simba, asi yakashata mhedzisiro yeHPMC inogona kuramba ichionekwa.
Zvinogona kuoneka kuti, kubva pakuona kweiyo compression-kuderedza reshiyo, HPMC inowanzo batsira kudzikisa kudzvanya-kudzikisa reshiyo uye kugadzirisa kuoma kwedhaka. Mune rimwe boka, nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekusanganiswa, iyo compression-refraction ratio inowedzera. Ongororo yezvikonzero inoratidza kuti musanganiswa une kuvandudzwa kuri pachena mune yakazodzvanya simba, asi kushoma kuvandudzwa mune yakazotevera flexural simba, zvichikonzera compression-refraction ratio. kuvandudzika.
4.2 Inodzvinyirira uye inochinjika simba bvunzo dzeakasungwa dhaka
Kuti uongorore simba re cellulose ether uye admixture pane compressive uye flexural simba re bonded mortar, kuedza kwakagadzirisa zvinyorwa zve cellulose ether HPMC (viscosity 100,000) se 0.30% yehuremu hwakaoma hwedhaka. uye zvichienzaniswa neboka risina chinhu.
Admixtures (fly ash uye slag powder) zvichiri kuedzwa pa0%, 10%, 20%, uye 30%.
4.2.1 Compressive uye flexural simba test scheme ye bonded mortar
4.2.2 Miedzo mhinduro uye kuongororwa kwesimba rekumanikidza uye flexural simba re bonded mortar
Zvinogona kuoneka kubva mukuyedza kuti HPMC haina kunaka maererano neiyo 28d yekumanikidza simba rekubatanidza dhaka, izvo zvichaita kuti simba rideredze neanenge 5MPa, asi chiratidzo chakakosha chekutonga kunaka kwedhaka rekubatanidza haisi iyo. kudzvinyirira simba, saka zvinogamuchirwa; Kana iyo kompani yemukati iri 20%, iyo yekumanikidza simba iri nani.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva mukuedza kuti kubva pakuona kwesimba rekushandura, kuderedza simba kunokonzerwa neHPMC hakusi kukuru. Zvingave kuti dhaka rekubatanidza rine kusanaya kwemvura uye hunhu hwepurasitiki huri pachena kana uchienzaniswa nedhaka remvura zhinji. Izvo zvakanaka mhedzisiro yekutsvedza uye kuchengetedza kwemvura zvinogadzirisa zvimwe zvezvakaipa zvinokonzeresa kuunza gasi kuderedza compactness uye kushaya simba kwechimiro; admixtures haana mhedzisiro yakajeka pane flexural simba, uye data yeboka renhunzi inoshanduka zvishoma.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva kune zviedzo izvo, maererano nekudzvinyirira-kuderedza chiyero, kazhinji, kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hunowedzera huwandu hwekudzvinyirirwa-kuderedza, izvo zvisingafadzi kuoma kwedhaka; HPMC ine maitiro akanaka, anogona kuderedza kudzvinyirira-kuderedza reshiyo neO. 5 pamusoro, inofanira kutaurwa kuti, maererano ne "JG 149.2003 Yakawedzerwa Polystyrene Board Thin Plaster External Wall External Insulation System", pane kazhinji hapana chinosungirwa chinodiwa. nokuda kwekumanikidza-kupeta chiyero muchiratidzo chekuona chekubatanidza dhaka, uye iyo compression-kupeta reshiyo inonyanya Kushandiswa kudzikamisa brittleness yedhaka rekupurasita, uye iyi index inongoshandiswa sechiratidziro chekuchinjika kwekubatana. dhaka.
4.3 Bonding Simba Muedzo weBonding Mortar
Kuti uongorore mutemo wepesvedzero yekushandiswa kwemusanganiswa we cellulose ether uye musanganiswa pasimba rebhondi redhaka rakasungwa, tarisa ku "JG/T3049.1998 Putty yeKuvaka Imukati" uye "JG 149.2003 Yakawedzera Polystyrene Board Thin Plastering Exterior Walls" Insulation System”, takaita bond simba bvunzo ye bonding mortar, tichishandisa bonding mortar ratio muTable 4.2.1, uye kugadzirisa zviri mukati cellulose ether HPMC (viscosity 100,000) kusvika 0 yehuremu hwakaoma hwedhaka .30% , uye zvichienzaniswa neboka risina chinhu.
Admixtures (fly ash uye slag powder) zvichiri kuedzwa pa0%, 10%, 20%, uye 30%.
4.3.1 Test scheme ye bond simba re bond mortar
4.3.2 Miedzo uye ongororo yesimba re bond ye bond mortar
(1) 14d bond simba bvunzo mhinduro dze bonding dhaka uye simende dhaka
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva mukuedza kuti mapoka akawedzerwa neHPMC ari nani zvikuru kupfuura boka risina chinhu, zvichiratidza kuti HPMC inobatsira kune simba rekubatanidza, kunyanya nokuti mvura yekuchengetedza mvura yeHPMC inodzivirira mvura pahutano hwekubatanidza pakati pevhu uye. iyo sement mortar test block. Iyo yekubatanidza dhaka pane iyo interface yakazara hydrated, nekudaro ichiwedzera iyo bond simba.
Panyaya yezvakasanganiswa, simba rezvisungo rinenge rakakwira pachiyero che10%, uye kunyangwe iyo hydration degree uye kumhanya kwesimende kunogona kuvandudzwa pamwero wepamusoro, zvinotungamira mukuderera kweiyo yakazara hydration degree yecementitious. zvinhu, nokudaro zvichikonzera kunamira. kuderera musimba repfundo.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva mukuedza kuti maererano nekukosha kwekuedzwa kwekushanda kwenguva yakasimba, iyo data inenge yakanyatsojeka, uye kusanganiswa kune zvishoma, asi kazhinji, kana zvichienzaniswa nehukuru hwepakutanga, pane imwe kuderera, uye kuderera kweHPMC kuduku kudarika kweboka risina chinhu, zvichiratidza kuti Inogumiswa kuti mvura yekuchengetedza mvura yeHPMC inobatsira pakuderedza kupararira kwemvura, kuitira kuti kuderera kwechisungo chevhu kuderera mushure me2.5h.
(2) 14d bond simba bvunzo mhinduro dze bonding dhaka uye yakawedzera polystyrene board
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva mukuedza kuti kukosha kwekuedzwa kwesimba rechisungo pakati pevhu rekubatanidza uye polystyrene bhodhi rinonyanya kujeka. Kazhinji, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti boka rakasanganiswa neHPMC rinoshanda kupfuura boka risina chinhu nekuda kwekuchengetedza mvura zviri nani. Zvakanaka, kubatanidzwa kwe admixtures kunoderedza kugadzikana kweiyo bond simba bvunzo.
4.4 Chitsauko Pfupiso
1. Kune yakakwira fluidity dhaka, nekuwedzera kwezera, iyo compressive-fold reshiyo ine maitiro ekumusoro; kubatanidzwa kweHPMC kune mhedzisiro iri pachena yekudzikisa simba (kuderera kwesimba rekumanikidza kuri pachena), izvo zvinotungamirawo kuKuderera kweiyo compression-kupeta reshiyo, ndiko kuti, HPMC ine rubatsiro rwakajeka pakuvandudza kwedhaka kuoma. . Mukutaura kwemazuva matatu simba, kubhururuka madota uye mineral powder kunogona kuita zvishoma zvishoma kune simba pa10%, asi simba rinoderera pachiyero chepamusoro, uye chiyero chekupwanya chinowedzera nekuwedzera kwemaminerari admixtures; musimba remazuva manomwe, Izvo zviviri zvinosanganiswa zvine zvishoma zvinokanganisa simba, asi iyo yose mhedzisiro yekuderedza simba renhunzi ichiri pachena; maererano nesimba remazuva makumi maviri nemasere, maviri admixtures akabatsira kune simba, kudzvinyirira uye kushanduka simba. Ose ari maviri akawedzera zvishoma, asi iyo yekumanikidza-peta reshiyo ichiri kuwedzera nekuwedzera kwezviri mukati.
2. Kune 28d inomanikidza uye inoshanduka simba ye bonded dhaka, apo admixture content iri 20%, iyo compressive uye flexural simba kushanda kuri nani, uye kusanganiswa kuchiri kutungamirira kukuwedzera kuduku muhuwandu hwekugadzirisa-kupeta, kuratidza Kuipa kwayo. mhedzisiro pakuoma kwedhaka; HPMC inotungamira mukudzikira kukuru kwesimba, asi inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kuwanda-kupeta reshiyo.
3. Nezvekusimba kwechisungo chedhaka rakasungwa, HPMC ine kumwe kurudziro yakanaka pakusimba kwechisungo. Kuongorora kunofanirwa kunge kuri kuti kuchengetedza kwayo kwemvura kunoderedza kurasikirwa kwevhu kunyorova uye kunova nechokwadi chekuti hydration yakakwana; Ukama huri pakati pezviri musanganiswa hausi wenguva dzose, uye kushanda kwese kuri nani nesamende dhaka kana zvirimo zviri 10%.
Chitsauko 5 Nzira Yekufanotaura Nekudzvanya Simba redhaka neKongiri
Muchitsauko chino, nzira yekufanotaura kusimba kwesimende-based zvinhu zvichibva pane admixture basa coefficient uye FERET simba dzidziso inokurudzirwa. Isu tinotanga tafunga nezvedhaka semhando yakakosha yekongiri isina akakoshera aggregates.
Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti simba rekumanikidza chiratidzo chakakosha chesimende-yakavakirwa zvinhu (kongiri uye dhaka) inoshandiswa sezvimiro zvinhu. Nekudaro, nekuda kwezvinhu zvakawanda zvinopesvedzera, hapana masvomhu modhi inogona kunyatsofanotaura kusimba kwayo. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kumwe kusagadzikana kune dhizaini, kugadzira uye kushandiswa kwedhaka uye kongiri. Mienzaniso iripo yesimba rekongiri ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira: vamwe vanofanotaura kusimba kwekongiri kuburikidza neporosity yekrete kubva kune yakajairika maonero eiyo porosity yezvinhu zvakasimba; vamwe vanotarisa pane pesvedzero yemvura-binder ratio relationship pane simba. Iri bepa rinonyanya kusanganisa iyo chiitiko coefficient yepozzolanic admixture neFeret's simba dzidziso, uye inoita mamwe magadzirirwo kuti iite kuti inyatso kufanotaura simba rekumanikidza.
5.1 Dzidziso Yesimba raFeret
Muna 1892, Feret akagadzira yekutanga masvomhu modhi yekufanotaura simba rekumanikidza. Pasi pechimiro chekupihwa kongiri mbishi zvinhu, iyo formula yekufanotaura simba rekongiri inokurudzirwa kekutanga.
Kubatsira kweiyi fomula ndeyekuti iyo grout concentration, iyo inobatana nesimba rekongiri, ine yakanyatsotsanangurwa yemuviri zvinoreva. Panguva imwecheteyo, pesvedzero yemukati yemhepo inotariswa, uye kurongeka kwechimiro kunogona kuratidzwa mumuviri. Chikonzero cheiyi fomula ndechekuti inoratidza ruzivo rwekuti pane muganhu kune simba rekongiri rinogona kuwanikwa. Izvo zvakashata ndezvekuti inoregeredza pesvedzero yeaggregate particle size, particle shape uye aggregate type. Paunenge uchifanotaura kusimba kwekongiri pamazera akasiyana nekugadzirisa kukosha kweK, hukama pakati pesimba rakasiyana uye zera rinoratidzwa seti yekusiyana kuburikidza nekurongeka kwakabva. Iyo curve haienderane nemamiriro chaiwo (kunyanya kana zera rakareba). Ehe, iyi fomula yakatsanangurwa naFeret yakagadzirirwa dhaka re10.20MPa. Iyo haigone kunyatsoenderana nekuvandudzwa kwekongiri yekumanikidza simba uye pesvedzero yekuwedzera zvikamu nekuda kwekufambira mberi kwedhaka kongiri tekinoroji.
Inofungidzirwa pano kuti kusimba kwekongiri (kunyanya kune yakajairwa kongiri) kunonyanya kuenderana nekusimba kwesamende dhaka mukongiri, uye kusimba kwesamende dhaka kunoenderana nekuwanda kwesamende paste, ndiko kuti, huwandu hwehuwandu. zvesimende zvinhu zviri paste.
Dzidziso yacho yakanyatsoenderana nemhedzisiro yevoid ratio factor pasimba. Nekudaro, nekuti iyo dzidziso yakaiswa pamberi pekare, pesvedzero yezvikamu zvemusanganiswa pane simba rekongiri haina kutariswa. Tichifunga izvi, bepa rino richaunza iyo admixture pesvedzero coefficient zvichibva pane chiitiko coefficient yekugadziriswa zvishoma. Panguva imwecheteyo, pahwaro hwefomula iyi, pesvedzero coefficient ye porosity pane kongiri simba inovakwa patsva.
5.2 Chiitiko coefficient
Iyo yechiitiko coefficient, Kp, inoshandiswa kurondedzera mhedzisiro yepozzolanic zvinhu pane inomanikidza simba. Zviri pachena kuti zvinoenderana nemhando ye pozzolanic zvinhu pachayo, asiwo pazera rekrete. Nheyo yekuona iyo coefficient yebasa ndeyekuenzanisa simba rekumanikidza redhaka rakajairwa nesimba rekumanikidza reimwe dhaka ine pozzolanic admixtures uye kutsiva simende nechiyero chakafanana chesimende yemhando (nyika p ndiyo chiitiko coefficient test. Shandisa surrogate muzana). Huyero hwemasimba maviri aya hunodaidzwa kuti chiitiko coefficient fO), apo t izera redhaka panguva yekuedzwa. Kana fO) iri pasi pe1, basa re pozzolan rishoma pane re simenti r. Zvakasiyana, kana fO) yakakura kudarika 1, pozzolan ine reactivity yepamusoro (izvi zvinowanzoitika kana silica fume yawedzerwa).
Kune iyo inowanzo shandiswa basa coefficient pa 28-zuva rekumanikidza simba, maererano ((GBT18046.2008 Granulated blast furnace slag poda inoshandiswa mu simenti nekongiri) H90, iyo basa coefficient ye granulated blast furnace slag poda iri mune yakajairwa simende dhaka Isimba reshiyo. yakawanikwa nekutsiva 50% simende pahwaro bvunzo maererano ((GBT1596.2005 Fly ash rinoshandiswa simende uye kongiri), basa coefficient of nhunzi ash inowanikwa pashure kutsiva 30% simende pahwaro mureza simende dhaka; bvunzo Zvinoenderana ne "GB.T27690.2011 Silica Fume yeMota neKongiri", iyo basa coefficient ye silica fume ndiyo reshiyo yesimba inowanikwa nekutsiva 10% simende pahwaro hweyakajairwa simende dhaka bvunzo.
Kazhinji, granulated blast furnace slag poda Kp=0.95～1.10, kubhururuka madota Kp=0.7-1.05, sirika fume Kp=1.00～1.15. Isu tinofungidzira kuti mhedzisiro yaro pasimba yakazvimirira pane simende. Ndiko kuti, iyo nzira yepozzolanic reaction inofanira kudzorwa ne reactivity ye pozzolan, kwete neine lime precipitation rate ye simenti hydration.
5.3 Kupesvedzera coefficient of admixture pane simba
5.4 Kupesvedzera coefficient yekushandiswa kwemvura pane simba
5.5 Kupesvedzera coefficient of aggregate composition pane simba
Zvinoenderana nemaonero emapurofesa PK Mehta uye PC Aitcin muUnited States, kuitira kuti vakwanise kushanda zvakanyanya uye simba zvivakwa zveHPC panguva imwe chete, huwandu hwehuwandu hwesimende slurry kuungana hunofanira kunge huri 35:65 [4810] Nekuti. of the general plasticity and fluidity Iyo yakazara yakawanda yeaggregate yekrete haina kuchinja zvakanyanya. Chero bedzi iyo simba reiyo aggregate base zvinhu pachayo richisangana nezvinodiwa zveiyo yakatarwa, pesvedzero yehuwandu hwehuwandu hweaggregate pasimba inofuratirwa, uye iyo yakazara chikamu chikamu chinogona kutariswa mukati me60-70% zvichienderana nekudonha zvinodiwa. .
Zvinotendwa zvinotendwa kuti chiyero cheyakaomesesa uye yakanaka aggregates ichave nekumwe pesvedzero pakusimba kwekongiri. Sezvatinoziva tese, chikamu chisina kusimba mukongiri inzvimbo yekushandura nzvimbo pakati peaggregate uye simende uye mamwe simende zvinhu paste. Naizvozvo, kutadza kwekupedzisira kwekongiri yakajairika kunokonzerwa nekukuvadzwa kwekutanga kweiyo interface transition zone pasi pekunetseka kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakaita semutoro kana shanduko yekushisa. kunokonzerwa nekuenderera mberi kwekukura kwekutsemuka. Naizvozvo, kana dhigirii re hydration rakafanana, iyo yakakura iyo interface yekushandura zone, zviri nyore kutsemuka kwekutanga kuzoita kureba kuburikidza nekutsemuka mushure mekushushikana kwekushushikana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti, iyo yakawanda yakaomesesa aggregates ane akajairika maumbirwo ejometri uye zvikero zvakakura munzvimbo yekushandura, kunowedzera kushushikana kwekusagadzikana kwekutsemuka kwekutanga, uye macroscopically inoratidzwa kuti simba rekongiri rinowedzera nekuwedzera kweiyo coarse aggregate. ratio. kuderedzwa. Zvisinei, chirevo chiri pamusoro apa ndechekuti inodikanwa kuve jecha riri pakati nepakati rine madhaka mashoma.
Muyero wejecha unewo imwe pesvedzero pakudonha. Naizvozvo, mwero wejecha unogona kugadzikwa nezvinodiwa zvekudonha, uye unogona kutariswa mukati me32% kusvika 46% kune yakajairika kongiri.
Huwandu uye hwakasiyana-siyana hwekusanganiswa uye mineral admixtures zvinotemerwa nemusanganiswa wekuedzwa. Mukongiri yakajairika, huwandu hwemaminerari admixture hunofanirwa kunge huri pasi pe40%, nepo mukongiri yakasimba-yakasimba, silica fume haifanirwe kudarika 10%. Kuwanda kwesimende hakufaniri kudarika 500kg/m3.
5.6 Kushandiswa kweiyi nzira yekufanotaura kutungamira musanganiswa proportion calculation muenzaniso
Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa ndezvizvi:
Simende inonzi E042.5 simende inogadzirwa neLubi Cement Factory, Laiwu City, Shandong Province, uye density yayo i3.19/cm3;
Fly ash igiredhi II ball ash inogadzirwa neJinan Huangtai Power Plant, uye basa rayo coefficient ndeye O. 828, density yayo i2.59/cm3;
Iyo silica fume inogadzirwa neShandong Sanmei Silicon Material Co., Ltd. ine chiitiko coefficient ye1.10 uye density ye2.59/cm3;
Taian dry river sand ine density ye2.6 g/cm3, a bulk density ye1480kg/m3, uye fineness modulus yeMx=2.8;
Jinan Ganggou inogadzira 5-'25mm yakaoma yakapwanyika dombo ine huwandu hwakawanda hwe1500kg/m3 uye density inosvika 2.7∥cm3;
Mushonga wekudzikisa mvura unoshandiswa ndewe-self-made aliphatic high-efficiency yemvura inoderedza mvura, ine mvura inoderedza 20%; iyo chaiyo dosi inotarwa kuyedza zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekudonha. Kugadzirira kwekuedzwa kweC30 kongiri, kudonha kunodiwa kuve kwakakura kupfuura 90mm.
1. kusimba kwekugadzira
2. jecha quality
3. Kutsunga kweKupesvedzera Zvinhu zveKusimba Kwega kwega
4. Kumbira kunwa mvura
5. Muyero wemvura-inoderedza agent inogadziriswa maererano nezvinodiwa zvekudonha. Iyo dosage ndeye 1%, uye Ma = 4kg inowedzerwa kune yakawanda.
6. Nenzira iyi, chiyero chekuverenga chinowanikwa
7. Mushure mekuedza kusanganiswa, inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekudonha. Iyo yakayerwa 28d yekumanikidza simba ndeye 39.32MPa, iyo inosangana nezvinodiwa.
5.7 Chitsauko Pfupiso
Munyaya yekuregeredza kupindirana kweiyo admixtures I uye F, takakurukura nezve chiitiko coefficient uye Feret's simba dzidziso, uye takawana pesvedzero yezvakawanda zvinhu pakusimba kwekongiri:
1 Concrete admixture inokanganisa coefficient
2 Kupesvedzera coefficient yekushandiswa kwemvura
3 Kupesvedzera coefficient of aggregate composition
4 Kuenzanisa chaiko. Izvo zvinosimbiswa kuti 28d simba rekufanotaura nzira yekongiri yakagadziridzwa neiyo chiitiko coefficient uye Feret's simba dzidziso inobvumirana nemamiriro chaiwo, uye inogona kushandiswa kutungamira kugadzirira kwedhaka nekongiri.
Chitsauko 6 Mhedziso uye Outlook
6.1 Mhedziso huru
Chikamu chekutanga chinonyatso enzanisa kuchena slurry uye dhaka fluidity bvunzo yeakasiyana mineral admixtures akasanganiswa nemhando nhatu dze cellulose ethers, uye inowana inotevera mikuru mitemo:
1. Cellulose ether ine kumwe kunonoka uye kupinza mweya mhedzisiro. Pakati pavo, CMC ine isina simba yekuchengetedza mvura pachiyero chakaderera, uye ine kumwe kurasikirwa nekufamba kwenguva; nepo HPMC iine yakakosha kuchengetedza mvura uye kukora mhedzisiro, iyo inoderedza zvakanyanya kuyerera kweyakachena pulp uye dhaka, uye Iko kukora mhedzisiro yeHPMC ine yakakwirira nominal viscosity iri pachena zvishoma.
2. Pakati pezvisanganiswa, yekutanga uye hafu yeawa fluidity yefly ash pane yakachena slurry uye dhaka yakagadziridzwa kune imwe nhanho. Iyo 30% yemukati yeakachena slurry bvunzo inogona kuwedzerwa neinenge 30mm; iyo fluidity yemamineral powder pane yakachena slurry uye dhaka Hapana mutemo wakajeka wekuita; kunyangwe zviri mukati me silica fume zvakaderera, yakasarudzika yekupedzisira-kunaka, kukurumidza kuita, uye yakasimba adsorption inoita kuti ive nekudzikisa kwakakosha mhedzisiro pamvura yakachena slurry nedhaka, kunyanya kana yakasanganiswa ne0.15 Kana %HPMC, pachava ne chiitiko chekuti koni inofa haigone kuzadzwa. Kuenzaniswa nemhedzisiro yekuedzwa kweiyo yakachena slurry, inowanikwa kuti mhedzisiro yemusanganiswa mukuyedzwa kwevhu kunowanzo kushaya simba. Panyaya yekudzora kubuda ropa, kubhururuka madota uye mineral powder hazvisi pachena. Silica fume inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kuwanda kwekubuda ropa, asi haibatsiri kuderedzwa kwehutu hwemvura uye kurasikirwa nekufamba kwenguva, uye zviri nyore kuderedza nguva yekushanda.
3. Muhutano hwakasiyana-siyana hwekuchinja kweyero, zvinhu zvinokanganisa kunyunguduka kwesamende-based slurry, chiyero cheHPMC uye silica fume ndiyo zvikonzero zvekutanga, zvose mukutonga kwekubuda kweropa uye kutonga kwekuyerera kwemamiriro ezvinhu, zviri pachena. Simba remarasha ash uye mineral powder ndeyechipiri uye inotamba basa rekugadzirisa.
4. Mhando nhatu dze cellulose ether dzine imwe air-entraining effect, iyo ichaita kuti mabubbles awedzere pamusoro pemvura yakachena. Nekudaro, kana zvirimo zveHPMC zvinosvika kupfuura 0.1%, nekuda kweiyo viscosity yakakwira yeslurry, mabhuru haagone kuchengetwa mune slurry. kufashukira. Pachave nemafuru pamusoro pedhaka rine mvura inoyerera inopfuura 250ram, asi boka risina serulosi ether kazhinji harina mabubbles kana mabhuru madiki chete, zvichiratidza kuti cellulose ether ine kumwe kupinza mhepo uye kunoita kuti kutsvedza. viscous. Uye zvakare, nekuda kwekuwandisa viscosity yedhaka ine mvura isina kusimba, zvinonetsa kuti mabhuru emhepo ayangamire kumusoro nekuzvimiririra kurema kwe slurry, asi inochengetwa mudhaka, uye simba rayo pasimba harigone kuve. kufuratirwa.
Chikamu II Mortar Mechanical Properties
1. Kune yakakwira fluidity dhaka, nekuwedzera kwezera, chiyero chekupwanya chine maitiro ekumusoro; kuwedzerwa kweHPMC kune zvakakosha pakuderedza simba (kuderera kwesimba rekumanikidza kunonyanya kuoneka), izvo zvinotungamirirawo pakupwanya Kuderera kwehuwandu, kureva kuti, HPMC ine rubatsiro rwakajeka kune kuvandudzwa kwekuoma kwevhu. Mukutaura kwemazuva matatu simba, kubhururuka madota uye mineral powder kunogona kuita zvishoma zvishoma kune simba pa10%, asi simba rinoderera pachiyero chepamusoro, uye chiyero chekupwanya chinowedzera nekuwedzera kwemaminerari admixtures; musimba remazuva manomwe, Izvo zviviri zvinosanganiswa zvine zvishoma zvinokanganisa simba, asi iyo yose mhedzisiro yekuderedza simba renhunzi ichiri pachena; maererano nesimba remazuva makumi maviri nemasere, maviri admixtures akabatsira kune simba, kudzvinyirira uye kushanduka simba. Ose ari maviri akawedzera zvishoma, asi iyo yekumanikidza-peta reshiyo ichiri kuwedzera nekuwedzera kwezviri mukati.
2. Kune 28d inomanikidza uye inoshanduka simba ye bonded dhaka, apo admixture content iri 20%, simba rekumanikidzika uye flexural riri nani, uye kusanganiswa kuchiri kutungamirira kukuwedzera kuduku muhuwandu hwekugadzirisa-kupeta, kuratidza kwayo. mhedzisiro padhaka. Migumisiro yakaipa yekuoma; HPMC inotungamirira pakuderera kukuru kwesimba.
3. Nezvekusimba kwechisungo chedhaka rakasungwa, HPMC ine imwe mhedzisiro yakanaka pakusimba kwechisungo. Ongororo yacho inofanirwa kunge iri yekuti kuchengetedza kwayo mvura kunoderedza kurasikirwa kwemvura mudhaka uye inova nechokwadi chekuti hydration yakakwana. Iko kusimba kwechisungo kune hukama kune admixture. Hukama huri pakati pedosi hahusi hwenguva dzose, uye kuita kwese kuri nani nesamende dhaka kana dosi iri 10%.
4. CMC haina kukodzera simenti-based cementitious materials, mvura yayo yekuchengetedza mvura haisi pachena, uye panguva imwe chete, inoita kuti dhaka riwedzere brittle; nepo HPMC ichigona kunyatso kudzikisa kudzvanya-ku-peta reshiyo uye kugadzirisa kuoma kwedhaka, asi iri pamutengo wekuderedzwa kwakanyanya kwesimba rekumanikidza.
5. Comprehensive fluidity uye simba zvinodiwa, HPMC content of 0.1% inonyanya kukodzera. Kana madota enhunzi akashandiswa kugadzira dhaka kana yakasimbiswa inoda kuomeswa nekukurumidza uye simba rekutanga, iyo dosage haifanirwe kunge yakanyanya kukwirira, uye iyo yakawanda dosage inenge 10%. Zvinodiwa; tichifunga nezvezvinhu zvakadai sekushaya kugadzikana kwehuwandu hwemamineral powder uye silica fume, inofanira kudzorwa pa10% uye n 3% maererano. Mhedzisiro yezvisanganiswa uye cellulose ether haina kuwirirana zvakanyanya, ne
kuve nekuzvimiririra.
Chikamu chechitatu Muchiitiko chekuregeredza kupindirana pakati pezvisanganiswa, kuburikidza nekukurukurirana kweiyo basa coefficient yemaminerari admixtures uye Feret's simba dzidziso, pesvedzero mutemo wezvakawanda zvinhu pamusoro pesimba rekongiri (dhaka) inowanikwa:
1. Mineral Admixture Influence Coefficient
2. Kufurira coefficient yekushandiswa kwemvura
3. Kupesvedzera chinhu chekuumbwa kweaggregate
4. Kuenzanisa kwechokwadi kunoratidza kuti 28d simba rekufanotaura nzira yekrete yakagadziridzwa nehuwandu hwekuita uye Feret simba dzidziso inobvumirana zvakanaka nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, uye inogona kushandiswa kutungamirira kugadzirirwa kwedhaka nekrete.
6.2 Kusakwana uye Zvinotarisirwa
Iri bepa rinonyanya kudzidza nezve fluidity uye mechanical zvimiro zvepaste yakachena uye dhaka rebhinari cementitious system. Mhedzisiro uye pesvedzero yekubatana kwekuita kweakawanda-component cementitious zvinhu zvinoda kuwedzera kudzidza. Muyedzo nzira, dhaka kuenderana uye stratification inogona kushandiswa. Mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether pakuenderana uye kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka kunodzidzwa nedhigirii re cellulose ether. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo microstructure yedhaka pasi pechiito chemusanganiswa we cellulose ether uye mineral admixture inofanirwawo kuongororwa.
Cellulose ether ikozvino ndeimwe yeakakosha musanganiswa wezvikamu zveakasiyana madhaka. Yayo yakanaka kuchengetedza mvura inorebesa nguva yekushanda yedhaka, inoita kuti dhaka ive nemwaritropy yakanaka, uye inovandudza kuoma kwedhaka. Yakanakira kuvaka; uye kushandiswa kwedota renhunzi uye mineral powder semarara emaindasitiri mudhaka kunogonawo kugadzira mabhenefiti makuru ehupfumi uye kwezvakatipoteredza
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-29-2022