Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) inonyungudika nemvura inonyungudika selulosi inotorwa ine huwandu hwakasiyana hwekushandisa mumaindasitiri akasiyana, kunyanya mumunda wekuchera zvinwiwa muindasitiri yeoiri negasi. Iyo inozivikanwa nekunaka kwayo rheological properties, kugadzikana kwepamusoro uye kuenderana nezvimwe zvinowedzera. Kugadzirwa kwe polyanionic cellulose kunosanganisira matanho akati wandei, anosanganisira kuburitsa cellulose, kugadzirwa kwemakemikari, uye kucheneswa.
1. Cellulose kubviswa:
Iyo yekutanga zvinhu zve polyanionic cellulose ndeye cellulose, yakasikwa polymer inowanikwa muchirimwa sero madziro. Cellulose inogona kutorwa kubva kune zvakasiyana zvirimwa zvemiti, senge pulp yehuni, machira ekotoni, kana zvimwe zvinomera zvine fibrous. Iyo yekubvisa maitiro inosanganisira anotevera matanho:
A. Kugadzirira kwezvinhu:
Zvigadzirwa zvezvirimwa zvakasarudzwa zvakafanogadzirirwa kubvisa tsvina senge lignin, hemicellulose uye pectin. Izvi zvinowanzoitwa kuburikidza nemusanganiswa wemakanika uye makemikari marapirwo.
b. Pulping:
Iyo yakatemerwa zvinhu inobva yadhonzwa, muitiro unopwanya cellulose fiber. Nzira dzakajairika dzekupuruzira dzinosanganisira kraft pulping uye sulfite pulping, imwe neimwe iine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira.
C. Kuparadzaniswa kwe cellulose:
Iyo pulp zvinhu inogadziriswa kuti iparadzanise cellulosic fiber. Izvi zvinowanzo sanganisira kugeza uye bleaching process kuti uwane pure cellulosic material.
2. Kugadziriswa kwemakemikari:
Kana cellulose yawanikwa, inogadziriswa kemikari kuti iunze mapoka eanionic, ichichishandura kuita polyanionic cellulose. Nzira inowanzoshandiswa yechinangwa ichi ndeye etherification.
A. Etherification:
Etherification inosanganisira kuita kwe cellulose ine etherifying agent kuunza ether linkages. Panyaya ye polyanionic cellulose, mapoka e-carboxymethyl anowanzounzwa. Izvi zvinowanikwa nekuita ne sodium monochloroacetate pamberi peiyo yakakosha catalyst.
b. Carboxymethylation maitiro:
Iyo carboxymethylation reaction inosanganisira kutsiva maatomu ehydrogen pamapoka ehydroxyl e cellulose nemapoka ecarboxymethyl. Kuita uku kwakakosha pakuunzwa kweanionic charges pa cellulose musana.
C. neutralize:
Mushure me carboxymethylation, chigadzirwa hachina kusimba kushandura boka re carboxymethyl kuita carboxylate ions. Iyi nhanho yakakosha kugadzira iyo polyanionic cellulose mvura-inonyungudika.
3. Kucheneswa:
Iyo yakagadziridzwa cellulose inozocheneswa kubvisa-zvigadzirwa, makemikari asina kubatwa, uye chero tsvina inogona kukanganisa kushanda kwayo mune chaiyo application.
A. kuwacha:
Zvigadzirwa zvakanyatsocheneswa kuti zvibvise zvakanyanyisa reactants, munyu uye kumwe kusvibiswa. Mvura inowanzoshandiswa nokuda kwechinangwa ichi.
b. Kuomesa:
Iyo yakacheneswa polyanionic cellulose inozoomeswa kuti iwane chigadzirwa chekupedzisira muhupfu kana granular fomu.
4. Kudzora kwehutano:
Matanho ekudzora emhando anoitwa mukati mekugadzira maitiro kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti inoguma polyanionic cellulose inosangana nezvinodiwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuyedza huremu hwemamorekuru, dhigirii rekutsiva uye mamwe maparamita akakodzera.
5. Application:
Polyanionic cellulose ine maapplication mumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana, kunyanya mukuchera masisitimu emvura muchikamu cheoiri negesi. Inoita senge tackifier, fluid kurasikirwa control agent uye shale inhibitor, inovandudza kuita kwese kwemvura yekuchera. Zvimwe zvinoshandiswa zvinosanganisira maindasitiri ezvekudya uye emishonga uko kunyungudika kwemvura uye rheological zvivakwa zvinopa zvakanakira.
Polyanionic cellulose inogoneka uye yakakosha cellulose derivative iyo kugadzirwa kwayo kunoda akatsanangurwa akateedzana matanho. Kubviswa kwe cellulose kubva kuchirimwa zvinhu, kugadziridzwa kwemakemikari kuburikidza ne etherification, kucheneswa uye kutonga kwemhando zvikamu zvakakosha zvekugadzira. Iyo inokonzeresa polyanionic cellulose chinhu chakakosha mumhando dzakasiyana dzemaindasitiri ekushandisa, kubatsira kuvandudza mashandiro uye kushanda kweakasiyana maumbirwo. Sezvo indasitiri ichiramba ichikura, kudiwa kwehunyanzvi hwema cellulose kubva senge polyanionic cellulose kunotarisirwa kukura, kutyaira kuenderera mberi nekutsvagisa uye kusimudzira mumaselulosi ekugadzirisa matekinoroji uye mashandisiro.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-26-2023