HEC yeKuchera Oiri

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvakawanda zveindasitiri nekuda kweakanakisa zvimiro zvekukora, kumiswa, kupararira uye kuchengetedza mvura. Kunyanya mumunda weoiri, HEC yakashandiswa mukuchera, kupedzisa, kushanda uye kutsemuka maitiro, kunyanya seyakakora mune brine, uye mune mamwe akawanda chaiwo maapplication.

HECzvivakwa zvekushandiswa kweminda yemafuta

(1) Kushivirira munyu:

HEC ine yakanakisa munyu kushivirira kune electrolytes. Sezvo HEC isiri-ionic zvinhu, haizove ionized mukati memvura uye haizobudisi masara emvura nekuda kwekuvapo kwehuwandu hwemunyu muhurongwa, zvichikonzera shanduko yeviscosity yayo.

HEC inokora akawanda epamusoro ekugadzirisa monovalent uye bivalent electrolyte mhinduro, nepo anionic fiber linkers seCMC inogadzira salting kubva kune mamwe simbi ions. Mukushandiswa kwemafuta, HEC haina kukanganiswa zvachose nekuoma kwemvura uye munyu uye inogona kutokora zvinwiwa zvinorema zvine huwandu hwakanyanya hwezinc uye calcium ions. Aluminium sulfate chete ndiyo inogona kudonha. Kukora mhedzisiro yeHEC mumvura yakachena uye yakazara NaCl, CaCl2 uye ZnBr2CaBr2 inorema electrolyte.

Uku kushivirira kwemunyu kunopa HEC mukana wekuita basa rakakosha mune izvi zviri zviviri tsime uye offshore munda kukura.

(2) Viscosity uye shear rate:

Mvura-soluble HEC inonyungudika mumvura inopisa uye inotonhora, ichigadzira viscosity uye kugadzira mapurasitiki emanyepo. Mushonga wayo une aqueous unoshanda pamusoro uye unowanzoita furo. Mhinduro yepakati uye yakakwirira viscosity HEC inoshandiswa munharaunda yemafuta yakawanda haisi yeNewtonian, inoratidza dhigirii yepamusoro yepseudoplastic, uye viscosity inokonzerwa neshear rate. Payero yakaderera shear, HEC mamorekuru anorongwa zvisina tsarukano, zvichiita kuti ketani tangles ine high viscosity, iyo inovandudza viscosity: pakakwirira shear rate, mamorekuru anove akatarisana neanoyerera mafambiro, achideredza kuramba kuyerera, uye viscosity inoderera nekuwedzera kweshear rate.

Kuburikidza nehuwandu hukuru hwekuedza, Union Carbide (UCC) yakagumisa kuti rheological maitiro ekuchera mvura haina mutsara uye inogona kuratidzwa nemutemo wesimba:

Shear stress = K (shear rate) n

Iko, n ndiyo inobudirira viscosity yemhinduro pane yakaderera shear rate (1s-1).

N inoenzana zvakapesana neshear dilution. .

Mudhaka engineering, k uye n inobatsira pakuverenga inobudirira fluid viscosity pasi pemamiriro ekudzika. Iyo kambani yakagadzira seti yehunhu hwe k uye n apo HEC(4400cps) yakashandiswa sechikamu chekuchera madhaka (tafura 2). Iri tafura rinoshanda kune ese kutariswa kweHEC mhinduro mumvura yakachena uye yemunyu (0.92kg/1 nacL). Kubva patafura iyi, maitiro anoenderana nepakati (100-200rpm) uye yakaderera (15-30rpm) shear mitengo inogona kuwanikwa.

Kushandiswa kweHEC mumunda wemafuta

(1) Mvura yekuchera

HEC yakawedzera drilling fluids inowanzoshandiswa mukuchera dombo rakaoma uye mumamiriro ezvinhu anokosha akadai sekutenderera kwekudzora kurasikirwa kwemvura, kurasikirwa kwemvura yakawandisa, kudzvinyirira kusina kunaka, uye maitiro asina kufanana e shale. Mhedzisiro yekushandisa yakanakawo mukuchera uye kuchera gomba hombe.

Nekuda kwekukora kwayo, kumiswa nekuzora zvivakwa, HEC inogona kushandiswa mukuchera madhaka kutonhora simbi uye kucheka zvidimbu, uye kuunza tumbuyu kuchekwa kumusoro, kuvandudza dombo rinotakura dhaka. Yakashandiswa muShengli oilfield sechibhorani chinopararira uye kutakura fluid ine zvinoshamisa maitiro uye yaiswa mukuita. Mugomba rakadzika, kana uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchingerwa chiyero maitiro eHEC. Kune rumwe rutivi, chiyero chekuchera chinovandudzwa, uye zvishoma hazvisi nyore kupisa, uye hupenyu hwebasa hwebhiti hurefu. Kune rumwe rutivi, maburi akacherwa akachena uye ane kukwirira kwepamusoro. Kunyanya mune yakaoma dombo chimiro, ichi chiitiko chiri pachena, chinogona kuchengetedza zvinhu zvakawanda. .

Zvinowanzotendwa kuti simba rinodiwa pakuchera kutenderera kwemvura pachiyero chakapihwa rinonyanya kutsamira pane viscosity yemvura yekuchera, uye kushandiswa kweHEC drilling fluid kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya hydrodynamic friction, nokudaro kuderedza kudiwa kwepombi yekumanikidza. Nokudaro, kunzwa kwekurasikirwa kwekutenderera kunoderedzwawo. Mukuwedzera, iyo yekutanga torque inogona kuderedzwa kana kutenderera kunotangazve mushure mekuvhara.

HEC's potassium chloride solution yakashandiswa semvura yekuchera kuvandudza kugadzikana kwetsime. Iyo isina kuenzana kuumbwa inobatwa mune yakagadzikana mamiriro ekurerutsira iyo casing zvinodiwa. Mvura yekuchera inowedzera kunatsiridza kutakura kwedombo uye inodzikamisa kupararira kwekucheka.

HEC inogona kuvandudza kunamatira kunyangwe mune electrolyte mhinduro. Mvura ine saline ine sodium ions, calcium ions, chloride ions uye bromine ions inowanzosangana mumvura yekuchera. Iyi mvura yekuchera yakakora neHEC, iyo inogona kuchengetedza gel solubility uye yakanaka viscosity kusimudza kugona mukati mehuwandu hwekuisa munyu uye huremu hwemaoko evanhu. Inogona kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kunzvimbo yekugadzira uye kuwedzera mwero wekuchera uye kugadzirwa kwemafuta.

Kushandisa HEC kunogonawo kuvandudza zvakanyanya kurasikirwa kwemvura kuita kwedope rakawanda. Kuvandudza zvakanyanya kugadzikana kwedhaka. HEC inogona kuwedzerwa sekuwedzera kune isina-dispersible saline bentonite slurry kuderedza kurasikirwa kwemvura uye kuwedzera viscosity pasina kuwedzera gel simba. Panguva imwecheteyo, kushandisa HEC pakuchera madhaka kunogona kubvisa kupararira kwevhu uye kudzivirira kuparara kwematsime. Kubvisa mvura mumuviri kunonotsa hydration mwero wedhaka shale pamadziro echibhorani, uye kuvharika kwecheni refu yeHEC padombo remubhoboro inosimbisa chimiro chedombo uye kuita kuti zviome kuve hydrate uye spalling, zvichikonzera kudonha. Mukugadzirwa kwepamusoro-permeability, mvura-kurasikirwa kwekuwedzera senge calcium carbonate, yakasarudzwa hydrocarbon resins kana mvura-inonyunguduka munyu zviyo zvinogona kushanda, asi mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa, kuwanda kwemvura-kurasikirwa kwekugadzirisa mhinduro (kureva, mubhodhoro rimwe nerimwe remhinduro) inogona kushandiswa

HEC 1.3-3.2kg) kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwemvura kwakadzika munzvimbo yekugadzira.

HEC inogonawo kushandiswa senge isiri-fermentable inodzivirira gel mumatope ekuchera kuitira kurapwa kwematsime uye nepamusoro-soro (200 atmospheric pressure) uye kuyerwa kwekushisa.

Kubatsira kwekushandisa HEC ndeyekuti kuchera uye kupedzisa maitiro anogona kushandisa dhaka rimwe chete, kuderedza kutsamira kune mamwe madhizaini, diluents uye PH regulators, kubata kwemvura uye kuchengetedza zviri nyore.

(2.) Mvura inoputika:

Mumvura inoputika, HEC inogona kusimudza viscosity, uye HEC pachayo haina mhedzisiro pamafuta emafuta, haizovharidzi glume yekuputsika, inogona kuputsika zvakanaka. Iinewo maitiro akafanana nemvura-based cracking fluid, yakadai sesimba rakasimba rekumisa jecha uye kupikisa kuduku. Iyo 0.1-2% yemvura-doro musanganiswa, yakakoswa neHEC uye mamwe iodized munyu akadai se potassium, sodium uye lead, yakaiswa mugomba remafuta pakumanikidzwa kukuru kwekuputsika, uye kuyerera kwakadzoserwa mukati maawa makumi mana nemasere. Mvura-based fracturing fluids yakagadzirwa neHEC inenge isina zvakasara mushure mekunyunguduka, kunyanya mukugadzirwa nekuderera kwepasi kusingakwanisi kudonhedzwa kune zvakasara. Pasi pemamiriro ealkaline, iyo yakaoma inoumbwa ine manganese chloride, mhangura chloride, mhangura nitrate, copper sulfate uye dichromate mhinduro, uye inonyanya kushandiswa kune proppant kutakura fracturing fluid. Kushandiswa kweHEC kunogona kudzivisa kurasikirwa kweviscosity nekuda kwekushisa kwepamusoro, kuputsa nzvimbo yemafuta, uye ichiri kuwana migumisiro yakanaka mu Wells yakakwirira kupfuura 371 C. Mumamiriro ezvinhu ekudzika, HEC haisi nyore kuora uye kuparara, uye zvakasara zvakaderera, saka hazvizovhari nzira yeoiri, zvichikonzera kusvibiswa kwepasi. Panyaya yekuita, iri nani pane inowanzoshandiswa glue mukutsemuka, senge field elite. Phillips Petroleum yakaenzanisawo kuumbwa kwe cellulose ethers yakadai se carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose uye methyl cellulose, uye vakasarudza kuti HEC ndiyo yakanakisa mhinduro.

Mushure meiyo fracturing fluid ine 0.6% base fluid HEC concentration uye copper sulfate crosslinking agent yakashandiswa muDaqing oilfield kuChina, zvinogumiswa kuti kana zvichienzaniswa nemamwe adhesions echisikigo, kushandiswa kweHEC mukutsemuka kwemvura kune zvakanakira "(1) the base fluid haisi nyore kuora mushure mekugadzirwa, uye inogona kuiswa kwenguva yakareba; (2) zvakasara zvakaderera. Uye iyo yekupedzisira ndiyo kiyi yekuti HEC ishandiswe zvakanyanya mutsime remafuta fracturing kunze kwenyika.

(3.) Kupedzisa uye kushanda:

HEC's low-solid completion fluid inodzivirira madhaka particles kubva pakuvhara nzvimbo yemvura sezvainoswedera pedyo nedziva. Kurasika kwemvura kunodzivirirawo mvura yakawanda kuti isapinda mudhamu kubva mumadhaka kuitira kuti dhamu racho rive nezvibereko.

HEC inoderedza kudhonza kwedhaka, iyo inoderedza pombi uye inoderedza kushandiswa kwesimba. Kunyungudika kwayo kwakanakisa kwemunyu kunovimbisawo kuti hapana kunaya kana acidizing mafuta Wells.

Mukupedzisa uye kupindira mabasa, HEC's viscosity inoshandiswa kuendesa matombo. Kuwedzera 0.5-1kg HEC padhiramu remvura inoshanda inogona kutakura matombo nematombo kubva muchibhorani, zvichikonzera kupararira kuri nani kweradial uye longitudinal gravel kuzasi. Kubviswa kunotevera kwepolymer kunorerutsa zvakanyanya maitiro ekubvisa workover uye kupera kwemvura. Pane zvisingawanzo kuitika, pasi pegomba mamiriro ezvinhu anoda kururamisa chiito kudzivirira madhaka kubva pakudzokera kutsime panguva yekuchera nekushanda uye kutenderera kurasikirwa kwemvura. Muchiitiko ichi, high-concentration HEC solution inogona kushandiswa kukurumidza kupinza 1.3-3.2kg yeHEC pabhodhoro remvura. Mukuwedzera, mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa, inenge 23kg yeHEC inogona kuiswa mubhodhoro rimwe nerimwe redhiziri uye inoputira pasi pasi, zvishoma nezvishoma ichiisa mvura iyo inosanganiswa nemvura yedombo mugomba.

Kupinda kwejecha cores yakazadzwa ne500 millidarcy solution pachikamu che 0. 68 kg HEC per barrel inogona kudzorerwa kune inopfuura 90% neacidification nehydrochloric acid. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo HEC yekupedzisa fluid ine calcium carbonate, iyo yakagadzirwa kubva ku136ppm yemvura yegungwa isina kucheneswa yevakuru, yakawana 98% yeyero yekutanga yekuyerera mushure mekunge keke resefa rabviswa kubva pamusoro pesefa element neasidhi.