Hunhu, kugadzirira uye kushandiswa kwe cellulose ether muindasitiri

Mhando, nzira dzekugadzirira, zvivako uye maitiro e-cellulose ether zvakaongororwa, pamwe chete nekushandiswa kwe cellulose ether mu petroleum, kuvaka, mapepa, machira, mishonga, zvokudya, photoelectric zvinhu uye zuva nezuva indasitiri yemakemikari. Mamwe marudzi matsva ezvinobva mucellulose ether ane tarisiro yebudiriro akaunzwa uye tarisiro yavo yekushandisa yakafambiswa.

Mazwi akakosha:cellulose ether; Performance; Application; Cellulose derivatives

Cellulose imhando yemasikirwo epolymer compound. Chimiro chayo chemakemikari i polysaccharide macromolecule ine anhydrous β-glucose sechindori chepasi, ine imwe yekutanga hydroxyl boka uye maviri echipiri hydroxyl mapoka pane yega yega mhete. Nekugadziriswa kwemakemikari, mutsara we cellulose derivatives inogona kuwanikwa, cellulose ether ndeimwe yavo. Cellulose ether inowanikwa nekuita kwe cellulose neNaOH, uyezve etherize nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshanda monomers dzakadai semethane chloride, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, nezvimwewo, nekugeza ne-product munyu uye sodium cellulose. Cellulose ether yakakosha kubva kune cellulose, inogona kushandiswa zvakanyanya mukurapa uye hutano, makemikari ezuva nezuva, mapepa, chikafu, mishonga, kuvaka, zvinhu uye mamwe maindasitiri. Naizvozvo, kusimudzirwa uye kushandiswa kwe cellulose ether kune zvakakosha pakushandiswa kwakazara kwezvezvezve biomass zviwanikwa, kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvitsva uye matekinoroji matsva.

1. Kuronga uye kugadzirira kwe cellulose ether

Kurongeka kwe cellulose ethers kunowanzo kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zvina zvinoenderana neiyo ionic maitiro.

1.1 Nonionic cellulose ether

Non-ionic cellulose ether inonyanya kuve cellulose alkyl ether, nzira yekugadzirira ndeye cellulose uye NaOH reaction, uyezve ine akasiyana-siyana anoshanda monomers akadai semethane chloride, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide etherification reaction, uyezve nekugeza iyo-chigadzirwa. munyu uye sodium cellulose kuwana. Iyo huru methyl cellulose ether, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, cyanoethyl cellulose ether, hydroxybutyl cellulose ether. Kushandiswa kwayo kwakakura zvikuru.

1.2 Anionic cellulose ether

Anionic cellulose ether inonyanya kuve carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose sodium. Nzira yekugadzirira ndeyekuita kwe cellulose uye NaOH, uye ipapo etherify ne monochloroacetic acid kana ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, uye wobva wageza ne-product munyu uye sodium cellulose kuti uwane.

1.3 cationic cellulose ether

Cationic cellulose ether inonyanya kuita 3 – chlorine – 2 – hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride cellulose ether. Nzira yekugadzirira ndeyekuita kwe cellulose neNaOH, uyezve cationic etherifying agent 3 - chlorine - 2 - hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride kana ethylene oxide, propylene oxide pamwe chete ne etherifying reaction, uyezve nekugeza ne-product munyu uye sodium. cellulose kuwana.

1.4 Zwitterionic cellulose ether

Zwitterionic cellulose ether ine ese anionic mapoka uye cationic mapoka pane molecular cheni, nzira yekugadzirira ndeye cellulose uye NaOH reaction, uyezve ne chloroacetic acid uye cationic etherifying agent 3 - chlorine - 2 hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride etherification reaction, uye ndokugeza. by-chigadzirwa munyu uye sodium cellulose uye yakawanikwa.

2.the properties uye maitiro e cellulose ether

2.1 Chitarisiko Chimiro

Cellulose ether kazhinji ichena kana mukaka chena, isinganakidze, isina chepfu, ine fluidity yehupfu hwefibrous, iri nyore kutora mwando, yakanyungudutswa mumvura kuita yakajeka viscous stable colloid.

2.2 Kugadzira firimu uye kunamatira

Iyo etherification ye cellulose ether ine simba guru pazvinhu zvayo, zvakadai sekunyungudika, kukwanisa kugadzira firimu, simba rezvisungo uye kushivirira kwemunyu. Cellulose ether ine high mechanical simba, kushanduka, kupisa kwekushisa uye kutonhora kunotonhora, uye inopindirana zvakanaka nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dze resin uye plasticizers, inogona kushandiswa kugadzira mapurasitiki, mafirimu, varnishes, adhesives, latex uye mishonga yekuputira zvinhu.

2.3 Solubility

Methyl cellulose soluble mumvura inotonhora, isinganyungudika mumvura inopisa, asi zvakare inonyungudika mune mamwe organic solvents; Methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose soluble mumvura inotonhora, isinganyunguriki mumvura inopisa uye organic solvents. Asi kana iyo aqueous solution yemethyl cellulose uye methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ichipisa, iyo methyl cellulose uye methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose inobuda. Methyl cellulose yakawedzera pa45 ~ 60 ℃, nepo yakasanganiswa etherized methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose yakawedzera pa65 ~ 80 ℃. Kana tembiricha yadonha, mvura inonaya inonyungudika.

Sodium hydroxyethyl cellulose uye carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose zvinonyungudika mumvura chero tembiricha, asi isinganyungudika muorganic solvents (kunze kwezvishoma).

2.4 Kukora

Cellulose ether inonyungudutswa mumvura mune colloidal fomu, uye viscosity yayo inoenderana nehuwandu hwepolymerization ye cellulose ether. Mhinduro yacho ine macromolecules e hydration. Nekuda kwekupinzwa kwema macromolecules, mafambiro ekuyerera kwemhinduro kwakasiyana neaya emvura yeNewtonian, asi anoratidza maitiro anosiyana nekuchinja kwemasimba ekugera. Nekuda kweiyo macromolecular chimiro che cellulose ether, viscosity yemushonga inowedzera nekukurumidza nekuwedzera kutarisisa uye inoderera nekukurumidza nekuwedzera tembiricha.

2.5 Kudzikira

Cellulose ether inoshandiswa muchikamu chemvura. Chero bedzi mvura iripo, mabhakitiriya anokura. Kukura kwebhakitiriya kunotungamira mukugadzirwa kwe enzyme bacteria. Iyo enzyme bhakitiriya yakaita iyo isina kuisirwa dehydrated glucose unit bond padyo ne cellulose ether break uye huremu hwepolymer hukadzikira. Nokudaro, kana mhinduro yemvura ye cellulose ether inofanira kuchengetedzwa kwenguva yakareba, kuchengetedza kunofanira kuwedzerwa kwairi, kunyange kana antibacterial cellulose ether inoshandiswa.

3.kushandiswa kwe cellulose ether muindasitiri

3.1 Petroleum Indasitiri

Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose inonyanya kushandiswa mu petroleum exploitation. Inoshandiswa mukugadzira madhaka kuwedzera viscosity uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kwemvura. Inogona kuramba kwakasiyana soluble munyu kusvibiswa uye kunatsiridza mafuta kudzoreredza mwero.

Sodium carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose uye sodium carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose imhando ye nani yekuchera madhaka mushonga wekurapa uye kugadzirira kwekupedzisa fluid zvinhu, yakakwirira pulping rate, munyu kuramba, calcium resistance, yakanaka viscosification kugona, tembiricha kuramba (160 ℃). Inokodzera kugadzirwa kwemvura yakachena, mvura yegungwa uye yakazara saturated mvura yemunyu yekuchera mvura, pasi pehuremu hwecalcium chloride inogona kusanganiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana (103 ~ 1279 / cm3) yekuchera mvura, uye inoita kuti ive neimwe viscosity uye yakaderera kusefa. huwandu, viscosity yayo uye kusefa kugona zviri nani pane hydroxyethyl cellulose, yakanaka kugadzira mafuta ekuwedzera. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuita petroleum kushandiswa kweselulosi zvinobva, mukuchera mvura, simende fluid, fracturing fluid uye kuvandudza kugadzirwa kweoiri inoshandiswa, kunyanya mukuchera mvura yekushandisa yakakura, iyo huru yekubvisa uye kumhara kusefa uye viscosification.

Hydroxyethyl cellulose inoshandiswa mukuchera, kupedza uye kuisa simende sedhaka rinowedzera kusimba. Nekuti hydroxyethyl cellulose uye sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, guar gum kana ichienzaniswa neyakanaka kukora mhedzisiro, jecha rakamiswa, munyu wakawanda wemunyu, kupisa kwakanaka kwekupisa, uye kushomeka kushoma, kurasikirwa kwemvura kushoma, kuputsika kwerabha block, kushoma kwasara maitiro, yakashandiswa zvakanyanya.

3.2 Indasitiri yekuvaka uye yekupfeka

Kuvaka chivakwa uye kupurasita dhaka musanganiswa: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose inogona kushandiswa seanodzoreredza agent, mvura inochengetedza mumiririri, thickener uye binder, inogona kushandiswa segypsum pasi uye simende pasi plaster, dhaka uye pasi kuenzanisa zvinhu dispersant, mvura kuchengetedza mumiririri, thickener. Iyo imhando yeakakosha masonry uye plastering dhaka admixture yeaerated kongiri zvidhinha zvakagadzirwa necarboxymethyl cellulose, iyo inogona kuvandudza kushanda, kuchengetwa kwemvura uye kutsemuka kuramba kwedhaka uye kudzivirira kuputika uye buri remadziro emadziro.

Kuvaka pamusoro pekushongedza zvinhu: Cao Mingqian uye imwe methyl cellulose yakagadzirwa nemhando yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza chivakwa chekushongedza zvinhu, maitiro ayo ekugadzira ari nyore, akachena, anogona kushandiswa kumadziro egiredhi-giredhi, matombo mataira epamusoro, anogonawo kushandiswa pambiru. , tablet surface decoration. Huang Jianping yakagadzirwa necarboxymethyl cellulose imhando yeceramic tile sealant, ine simba rakasimba rekubatanidza, yakanaka deformation kugona, haiburitse mitswe uye inodonha, yakanaka isingapinde mvura, inopenya uye ine ruvara ruvara, ine yakanakisa yekushongedza mhedzisiro.

Kushandiswa mukuputira: Methyl cellulose uye hydroxyethyl cellulose inogona kushandiswa seyakagadzikana, thickener uye mvura inochengetedza agent ye latex coatings, mukuwedzera, inogona kushandiswawo se dispersant, viscosifier uye firimu rekugadzira mumiririri wemavara esimende. Kuwedzera cellulose ether ine zvirevo zvakakodzera uye viscosity kune latex pendi inogona kuvandudza mashandiro ekuvaka kwependi yelatex, kudzivirira spatter, kunatsiridza kugadzikana kwekuchengetedza uye kuvhara simba. Munda mukuru wevatengi kunze kwenyika ndeye latex coatings, saka, cellulose ether zvigadzirwa zvinowanzova sarudzo yekutanga yelatex pendi thickener. Semuyenzaniso, iyo yakagadziridzwa methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether inogona kuchengetedza chinzvimbo chinotungamira mukukora yependi yelatex nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakanaka. Semuyenzaniso, nekuti cellulose ether ine yakasarudzika yekupisa gel maitiro uye kunyungudika, munyu kuramba, kupisa kupisa, uye ine yakakodzera pamusoro pekuita basa, inogona kushandiswa sechinhu chekuchengetedza mvura, suspension agent, emulsifier, film form agent, lubricant, binder uye rheological amendment. .

3.3 Pepa Indasitiri

Pepa wet additives: CMC inogona kushandiswa se fiber dispersant uye bepa enhancer, inogona kuwedzerwa kune pulp, nekuti sodium carboxymethyl cellulose uye pulp uye kurongedza zvimedu zvine mutero wakafanana, unogona kuwedzera kuenzana kwefiber, kuvandudza simba reiyo. bepa. Sekusimbisa kwakawedzerwa mukati mebepa, inowedzera kubatana kwechisungo pakati pemafayibha, uye inogona kuvandudza kusimba kwesimba, kutyora kuramba, kuenzana kwepepa uye mamwe ma index emuviri. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose inogona zvakare kushandiswa senge saizi agent mu pulp. Kuwedzera kune yayo saizi dhigirii, inogona zvakare kushandiswa seanodzivirira mumiriri we rosin, AKD uye mamwe masing agents. Cationic cellulose ether inogona zvakare kushandiswa sepepa rekuchengetedza aid sefa, kuvandudza mwero wekuchengetedza wefiber yakanaka uye filler, inogona kushandiswawo sekusimbisa mapepa.

Coating adhesive: Inoshandiswa pakuputira kugadzira mapepa ekunamira adhesive, inogona kutsiva chizi, chikamu che latex, kuitira kuti inki yekudhinda ipinde nyore, yakajeka kumucheto. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa se pigment dispersant, viscosifier uye stabilizer.

Surface sizing agent: Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose inogona kushandiswa sepepa pamusoro saiziing agent, inovandudza kusimba kwepepa, kana ichienzaniswa nekushandiswa ikozvino kwepolyvinyl doro, yakagadziridzwa starch mushure mesimba repamusoro rinogona kuwedzera ne10%, dosi yakaderedzwa. kusvika 30%. Iyo inovimbisa yepamusoro saizi mumiriri wekugadzira mapepa, uye nhevedzano yemhando nyowani dzinofanirwa kuvandudzwa. Cationic cellulose ether ine zvirinani kuita saizi yepasi pane cationic starch, kwete chete inogona kuvandudza kusimba kwebepa, asi zvakare inogona kuvandudza inki kunyudzwa kwepepa, kuwedzera dhayi maitiro, zvakare inovimbisa pamusoro saizi mumiriri.

3.4 Indasitiri yemachira

Muindasitiri yemachira, cellulose ether inogona kushandiswa senge saizi agent, leveling agent uye thickening agent ye textile pulp.

Sizing agent: cellulose ether yakadai se sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl cellulose ether, hydroxypropyl carboxymethyl cellulose ether uye mamwe marudzi anogona kushandiswa seajenti yekugadzira, uye haisi nyore kuparara uye kuumbwa, kudhinda uye kudhaya, pasina desizing, kukurudzira dhayi inogona kuwana yunifomu. colloid mumvura.

Leveling agent: inogona kuwedzera iyo hydrophilic uye osmotic simba redhayi, nekuti iyo viscosity shanduko idiki, nyore kugadzirisa mutsauko weruvara; Cationic cellulose ether inewo kudhaya uye kuita kwemavara.

Thickening agent: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl cellulose ether, hydroxypropyl carboxymethyl cellulose ether inogona kushandiswa sedhinda uye dhayi slurry thickening agent, ine zvisaririra zvidiki, yakakwirira color rate hunhu, ikirasi yezvinogona kuwedzera machira ekuwedzera.

3.5 Indasitiri yemakemikari emumba

Yakagadzika viscosifier: Sodium methylcellulose mune yakasimba poda yakabikwa paste zvigadzirwa zvinotamba kupararira kumiswa kugadzikana, mumvura kana emulsion zvizorwa kukora, kuparadzira, homogenizing uye mamwe mabasa. Inogona kushandiswa se stabilizer uye viscosifier.

Emulsifying stabilizer: ita chizoro, shampoo emulsifier, thickening agent uye stabilizer. Sodium carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose inogona kushandiswa seyakagadziriswa mazino adhesive stabilizer, ine yakanaka thixotropic zvimiro, kuitira kuti mushonga wemazino uve nechimiro chakanaka, deformation yenguva refu, yunifomu uye yakapfava kuravira. Sodium carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose munyu kuramba, asidhi kuramba iri pamusoro, mhedzisiro yacho iri nani kupfuura carboxymethyl cellulose, inogona kushandiswa se detergent mu viscosifier, tsvina inonamira kudzivirira mumiririri.

Dispersion thickener: Mukugadzira detergent, kushandiswa kwakawanda kwe sodium carboxymethyl cellulose se detergent detergent dirt dispersant, liquid detergent thickener uye dispersant.

3.6 Maindasitiri ezvemishonga uye ezvekudya

Muindasitiri yemishonga, hydroxypropyl carboxymethyl cellulose inogona kushandiswa semishonga inopedza zvinodhaka, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumuromo skeleton inodzorwa kuburitswa uye inosimudzira kuburitswa gadziriro, sechinhu chinovharira chinovharira kudzora kuburitswa kwezvinodhaka, seyekuputira inosimudzira kuburitsa mumiriri, inosimudzira kuburitsa pellets. , yakasimbiswa kusunungurwa capsules. Iyo inonyanya kushandiswa ndeye methyl carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl carboxymethyl cellulose, senge MC inowanzoshandiswa mukugadzira mahwendefa nemakapisi, kana mahwendefa akaputirwa neshuga.

Hunhu giredhi ye cellulose ether inogona kushandiswa muindasitiri yechikafu, mune dzakasiyana siyana chikafu inobudirira thickening agent, emulsifier, stabilizer, excipient, mvura inochengeta mumiriri uye mechanical foaming agent. Methyl cellulose uye hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose zvakaonekwa sezvisingakuvadzi metabolic inert zvinhu. Kuchena kwepamusoro (99.5% kana kupfuura kuchena) carboxymethyl cellulose inogona kuwedzerwa kune zvekudya, zvakadai semukaka nemishonga yekrimu, condiments, jams, jelly, makani, syrups yetafura uye zvinwiwa. Kuchena kweanopfuura 90% carboxymethyl cellulose inogona kushandiswa mune zvine chekuita nechikafu, senge inoiswa pakutakura uye kuchengetedza michero mitsva, kuputira kwepurasitiki kune yakanaka kuchengetedza mhedzisiro, kushoma kusvibiswa, pasina kukuvadzwa, nyore kune mechanized kugadzira zvakanakira.

3.7 Optical uye magetsi anoshanda zvinhu

Electrolyte thickening stabilizer: nekuda kwekuchena kwepamusoro kwe cellulose ether, yakanaka acid resistance, salt resistance, kunyanya iron uye heavy metal content yakaderera, saka colloid yakasimba kwazvo, inokodzera alkaline bhatiri, zinc manganese bhatiri electrolyte thickening stabilizer.

Liquid crystal zvinhu: Kubva 1976, kuwanikwa kwekutanga kwehydroxypropyl cellulose - yemvura system liquid crystal inobvunza chikamu, yakawanikwa mune yakakodzera organic solution, akawanda cellulose anobuda muhuwandu hwepamusoro anogona kugadzira anisotropic solution, semuenzaniso, hydroxypropyl cellulose uye ayo acetate, propionate. , benzoate, phthalate, acetyxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, nezvimwewo. Pamusoro pekugadzira colloidal ionic liquid crystal solution, mamwe ester ehydroxypropyl cellulose anoratidzawo chinhu ichi.

Mazhinji cellulose ether anoratidza thermotropic liquid crystal properties. Acetyl hydroxypropyl cellulose yakagadzira thermogenic cholesteric liquid crystal pazasi 164 ℃. Acetoacetate hydroxypropyl cellulose, trifluoroacetate hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose uye zvinobva mairi, ethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, trimethylsiliccellulose uye butyldimethylsiliccellulose, heptyl cellulose uye butoxylethyl cellulose cellulose, crystalic cellulose cellulose, etc . Mamwe ma cellulose ester akadai se cellulose benzoate, p-methoxybenzoate uye p-methylbenzoate, cellulose heptanate inogona kugadzira thermogenic cholesteric liquid crystals.

Magetsi ekudzivirira zvinhu: cyanoethyl cellulose etherifying agent ye acrylonitrile, iyo yakakwirira dielectric inogara, yakaderera kurasikirwa coefficient, inogona kushandiswa se phosphorus uye electroluminescent marambi resin matrix uye transformer insulation.

4. Mashoko Ekuvhara

Kushandisa gadziriso yekemikari kuwana zvinobva paselulosi zvine mabasa akakosha inzira inoshanda yekutsvaga mashandisirwo matsva e cellulose, iyo yakakura kwazvo organic zvinhu pasi rose. Seimwe yezvinobva muselulosi, cellulose ether senge physiological isingakuvadzi, isina kusvibiswa-isina mvura-inonyungudika polima zvinhu nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakanaka, yakashandiswa mumaindasitiri mazhinji, uye ichave netarisiro yakakura yebudiriro.