Cellulose ether mudhaka rakagadzirwa rakasanganiswa

Basa rakakosha re cellulose ether mudhaka rakagadzirwa rakasanganiswa:

Mune yakagadzirira-yakasanganiswa dhaka, iyo cellulose ether yakawedzera huwandu hwakaderera kwazvo, asi inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kushanda kwedhaka rakanyorova, dhaka rekuvaka dhaka rinowedzera kuwedzera. Sarudzo inonzwisisika yemhando dzakasiyana, viscosity yakasiyana, saizi yakasiyana-siyana, dhigirii reviscosity yakasiyana uye kuwedzera huwandu hweselulosi ether.

Mune yakagadzirira-yakasanganiswa dhaka, iyo cellulose ether yakawedzera huwandu hwakaderera kwazvo, asi inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kushanda kwedhaka rakanyorova, dhaka rekuvaka dhaka rinowedzera kuwedzera. Kusarudzwa kunonzwisisika kweselulosi ether nemhando dzakasiyana, viscosity yakasiyana, saizi yakasiyana-siyana, dhigirii reviscosity yakasiyana uye huwandu hwekuwedzera kune mhedzisiro yakanaka pakuvandudzwa kwevhu rakaoma. Parizvino, akawanda masonry uye plastering madhaka ane hurombo hwekuchengeta mvura kuita, uye kupatsanurwa kwemvura kunoitika mushure memaminitsi mashoma ekumira.

Kuchengetwa kwemvura ibasa rakakosha remethyl cellulose ether, asiwo yakawanda yevanogadzira dhaka rakaoma, kunyanya munzvimbo yekumaodzanyemba yevagadziri vekushisa kwepamusoro vane hanya nezvekuita. Zvinhu zvinokanganisa kuchengetedza kwemvura kwedhaka rakaoma zvinosanganisira huwandu hweMC, MC viscosity, particle fineness uye ambient tembiricha.

Cellulose ether i polymer yekugadzira yakagadzirwa ne cellulose yechisikigo seyakagadzirwa nekugadzirisa kemikari. Cellulose ether inotorwa kubva kune yakasikwa cellulose, cellulose ether kugadzirwa uye synthetic polymer zvakasiyana, chinhu chayo chinonyanya kukosha ndeye cellulose, yakasikwa polymer makomisheni. Nekuda kwekusarudzika kwechisikigo cellulose chimiro, cellulose pachayo haina kukwanisa kuita ne etherifying agent. Nekudaro, mushure mekurapa kwekuzvimba mumiriri, iyo yakasimba yehydrogen zvisungo pakati pemacheni cheni uye mukati mecheni yakaparadzwa, uye basa reboka rehydroxyl rakaburitswa mualkali cellulose nekugona kuita, uye cellulose ether yakawanikwa kuburikidza nekuita kweETHERifying agent - OH boka kupinda -OR boka.

Zvinhu zve cellulose ethers zvinoenderana nerudzi, nhamba uye kugovera kwezvinotsiva. Kurongeka kwe cellulose ether zvakare kunobva pamhando yezvinotsiva, dhigirii reetherification, solubility uye ine hukama application inogona kuiswa. Zvinoenderana nerudzi rwezvinotsiva pane molecular cheni, inogona kukamurwa kuita imwe ether uye yakasanganiswa ether. MC inowanzoshandiswa seeta imwe chete, nepo HPMC iri musanganiswa ether. Methyl cellulose ether MC is a natural cellulose glucose unit pa hydroxyl methoxide inotsiviwa nechigadzirwa chimiro formula ndeye [COH7O2 (OH) 3-H (OCH3) H] X, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether HPMC chikamu chiri pahydroxyl chikamu che methoxide yakatsiviwa ne hydroxypropyl, chimwe chikamu chechigadzirwa chinotsiviwa ne hydroxypropyl, The structural formula ndeye [C6H7O2 (OH) 3-MN (OCH3) M [OCH2CH (OH) CH3] N] X uye hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether HEMC, iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye inotengeswa pamusika.

Kubva pane solubility inogona kukamurwa kuita ionic mhando uye isiri-ionic mhando. Mvura-inonyungudika isiri-ionic cellulose ether inonyanya kuumbwa nealkyl ether uye hydroxyl alkyl ether maviri akatevedzana emhando. Ionic CMC inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira detergent, machira, kudhinda, chikafu uye petroleum kushandiswa. Non-ionic MC, HPMC, HEMC uye zvimwe zvinonyanya kushandiswa mukuvaka zvinhu, latex coatings, mushonga, zuva nezuva chemistry uye zvimwe zvinhu. Sezvinoita thickening agent, mvura yekuchengeta mumiririri, stabilizer, dispersant, film forming agent.

Cellulose ether kuchengetwa kwemvura: mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvekuvaka, kunyanya dhaka rakaoma, cellulose ether inoita basa risingadzoreki, kunyanya mukugadzirwa kwedhaka rakakosha (yakagadziridzwa dhaka), asiwo chikamu chakakosha. Basa rakakosha remvura-soluble cellulose ether mudhaka rinonyanya kuita zvinhu zvitatu, imwe inyanzvi yekuchengetedza mvura, chechipiri iko pesvedzero yedhaka kusachinja-chinja uye thixotropy, uye chechitatu ndiko kudyidzana nesamende. Cellulose ether kuchengetwa kwemvura, zvinoenderana nehwaro hwe hydroscopicity, kuumbwa kwedhaka, dhaka layer ukobvu, kudiwa kwemvura yedhaka, condensation zvinhu condensation nguva. Kuchengetwa kwemvura kwe cellulose ether kunobva mukunyungudika uye kupera simba kweselulosi ether pachayo. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti cellulose molecular chain, kunyange zvazvo iine nhamba huru yezvikwata zveH hydrated zvakanyanya, zvisinganyunguriki mumvura nekuda kwechimiro chavo checrystalline. Iko hydration kugona kwemapoka ehydroxyl chete haina kukwana kubhadhara kune yakasimba intermolecular hydrogen bond uye van der Waals masimba. Kana zvinotsiva zvinounzwa mucheni yemamorekuru, kwete chete zvinotsiva zvinoparadza cheni yehydrogen, asiwo iyo interchain hydrogen zvisungo zvinoputswa nekuda kwekuroora kwevanotsiva pakati pemaketani ari padyo. Iyo yakakura iyo inotsiva, yakakura chinhambwe pakati pemamorekuru. Kunyanya kuparadzwa kwehydrogen bond effect, cellulose lattice kuwedzera, mhinduro mu cellulose ether inonyungudika mumvura, kuumbwa kwepamusoro viscosity solution. Sezvo tembiricha inokwira, iyo hydration yepolymer inodzikira uye mvura pakati pemaketani inodzingwa kunze. Kana iyo dehydrating effect yakakwana, mamorekuru anotanga kuungana uye gel rinopeta kunze mumatatu-dimensional network.

Zvinhu zvinokanganisa kuchengetwa kwemvura yedhaka zvinosanganisira cellulose ether viscosity, dosi, kunyorova kwechikamu uye tembiricha yebasa.

Iyo yakakura viscosity ye cellulose ether, zviri nani kuchengetedza mvura kuita. Viscosity chinhu chakakosha parameter yeMC performance. Parizvino, vagadziri vakasiyana veMC vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana uye zviridzwa kuyera viscosity yeMC. Nzira huru dzinosanganisira Haake Rotovisko, Hoppler, Ubbelohde uye Brookfield. Pachigadzirwa chimwe chete, mhedzisiro yeviscosity yakayerwa nenzira dzakasiyana zvakasiyana zvakanyanya, zvimwe zvakatowanda misiyano. Naizvozvo, kana uchienzanisa viscosity, inofanirwa kuitwa pakati peiyo nzira yekuyedza, kusanganisira tembiricha, rotor, nezvimwe.

Kazhinji kutaura, iyo yakakwirira viscosity, zviri nani kuchengetedza mvura. Nekudaro, iyo yakakwira viscosity ndeye, iyo yakakwira molecular huremu hweMC, uye kunyungudika kwekuita kunoderera zvinoenderana, izvo zvine kukanganisa kwakashata pakusimba uye kuita kwekuvaka kwedhaka. Iyo yakakwirira viscosity, iyo inonyanya kuoneka iyo thickening mhedzisiro yedhaka, asi haina kuenzana nehukama. Iyo yakakwirira iyo viscosity, iyo yakanyorova dhaka ichave yakanyanya kunamira, zvese kuvaka, kuita kweiyo inonamira scraper uye yakakwirira kunamatira kune base zvinhu. Asi hazvibatsiri kuwedzera simba rekugadzirisa dhaka rakanyorova. Panguva yekuvaka, iyo anti-sag performance haisi pachena. Pane zvinopesana, imwe yakaderera viscosity asi yakagadziridzwa methyl cellulose ethers ine yakanakisa mashandiro mukuvandudza kusimba kwechimiro chedhaka rakanyorova.

Iyo yakawanda cellulose ether inowedzerwa kune dhaka, zviri nani kuchengetedza mvura kuita, iyo yakakwirira viscosity, zviri nani kuchengetedza mvura kuita.

Pakukura kwechidimbu, kutsetseka kwechikamu, kunova nani kuchengetedza mvura. Zvimedu zvakakura zve cellulose ether kusangana nemvura, iyo yepamusoro inonyunguduka pakarepo uye inogadzira gel yekuputira zvinhu kudzivirira mamorekuru emvura kuti arambe achipinda mukati, dzimwe nguva nguva yakareba ichibvongodza haigone kuparadzaniswa zvakaenzana kunyungudika, kuumbwa kwedhaka flocculent mhinduro kana agglomerate. Kunyungudika kwe cellulose ether chimwe chezvinhu zvekusarudza cellulose ether. Fineness zvakare yakakosha kuita index yemethyl cellulose ether. MC yedhaka yakaoma inoda hupfu, mvura yakaderera, uye kunaka kwe20% ~ 60% particle size isingasviki 63um. Fineness inokanganisa kunyungudika kwemethyl cellulose ether. Coarse MC inowanzoita granular uye inogona kunyungudika nyore nyore mumvura isina agglomerating, asi iyo yekunyungudika inononoka, saka haina kukodzera kushandiswa mudhaka rakaoma. Mudhaka rakaoma, MC inoparadzirwa pakati peaggregate, yakanaka mafirita uye simende zvinhu zvakaita sesimende, uye chete hupfu hwakakwana hunogona kudzivirira clumping yemethyl cellulose ether kana ichisanganiswa nemvura. Kana MC ichiwedzera mvura kunyungudutsa agglomerate, zvinonetsa kuiparadzira nekuinyungudutsa. MC ine coarse fineness kwete chete tsvina, asiwo inoderedza simba remunharaunda yedhaka. Kana dhaka rakaoma rakadaro richivakwa munzvimbo yakakura, kukurumidza kuporesa kwedhaka rakaoma remunharaunda rinoderedzwa zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti kuputika kunokonzerwa nenguva yakasiyana yekurapa. Kune mechanical spraying mortar, nekuda kwenguva pfupi yekusanganiswa, kunaka kwakakwirira.

Iko kunaka kweMC kunewo imwe pesvedzero pakuchengetedza kwayo mvura. Kazhinji kutaura, kune methyl cellulose ether ine viscosity yakafanana asi kunaka kwakasiyana, iyo inonakisa iyo inochengetedza mvura iri nani pasi pehuwandu hwakafanana hwekuwedzera.

Kuchengetedzwa kwemvura kweMC kunobatanawo nekupisa kunoshandiswa, uye kuchengetwa kwemvura kwemethyl cellulose ether kunodzikira nekukwira kwekushisa. Asi mune chaiyo yekushandiswa kwezvinhu, nzvimbo zhinji dzedhaka rakaoma kazhinji dzinenge dziri mukupisa kwakanyanya (kupfuura 40 madhigirii) pasi pemamiriro ekuvaka munzvimbo inopisa substrate, senge zhizha insolation yekunze kwemadziro putty plastering, iyo yaiwanzo mhanyisa kusimba kwe. simende uye dhaka rakaoma kuoma. Kuderera kwehuwandu hwekuchengetedza mvura kunotungamira kune manzwiro ari pachena ekuti zvese zvekuvaka uye kutsemuka kuramba zvinokanganiswa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, kuderedza simba rekushisa kwezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha. Kunyangwe iyo yekuwedzera yemethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether ichionekwa seiri pamberi pekuvandudza tekinoroji, kutsamira kwayo patembiricha kucharamba kuchitungamira mukuderera kwezvivakwa zvedhaka rakaoma. Kunyangwe nekuwedzera kwemethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose dosage (yezhizha fomula), kuvaka uye kuputika kuramba kuchiri kusakwanisa kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvekushandisa. Kuburikidza nekumwe kurapwa kwakakosha kweMC, sekuwedzera dhigirii reetherification, iyo yekuchengeta mvura mhedzisiro yeMC inogona kuchengetedza iri nani mhedzisiro pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya, kuitira kuti igone kupa kushanda kuri nani pasi pemamiriro akaomarara.

Mukuwedzera, cellulose ether thickening uye thixotropy: cellulose ether yechipiri chiito - kukora kunoenderana ne: cellulose ether polymerization degree, solution concentration, shear rate, tembiricha uye mamwe mamiriro. Iyo gelation pfuma yemhinduro yakasarudzika kune alkyl cellulose uye yakagadziridzwa madhirivhari. Gelation maitiro ane hukama nedhigirii rekutsiva, kugadzirisa kugadzirisa uye zvinowedzera. Kune hydroxyl alkyl modified derivatives, gel zvivakwa zvine hukamawo nedhigirii rehydroxyl alkyl gadziriso. Nokuti mhinduro kuungana yakaderera viscosity MC uye HPMC anogona kugadzirirwa 10% -15% yevasungwa mhinduro, yepakati viscosity MC uye HPMC anogona kugadzirira 5% -10% mhinduro, uye yakakwirira viscosity MC uye HPMC anogona chete kugadzirira 2% -3. % mhinduro, uye kazhinji cellulose ether viscosity grading zvakare kune 1% -2% mhinduro yegiredhi. Yakakwira molecular uremu cellulose ether thickener kunyatsoshanda, iyo yakafanana yemhinduro, akasiyana mamolecular uremu mapolymer ane viscosity yakasiyana, viscosity uye molecular uremu zvinogona kuratidzwa sezvinotevera, [η] = 2.92 × 10-2 (DPn) 0.905, DPn ndiyo avhareji. polymerization degree repamusoro. Yakaderera molecular uremu cellulose ether kuwedzera zvimwe kuti uwane iyo inotarirwa viscosity. Viscosity yaro haina kutsamira pashear rate, yakakwira viscosity kuti iwane iyo inotarirwa viscosity, iyo mari inodiwa kuwedzera zvishoma, viscosity zvinoenderana nekukora kwekuita. Naizvozvo, kuti uwane kumwe kuenderana, imwe chiyero che cellulose ether (concentration yemhinduro) uye mhinduro viscosity inofanira kuvimbiswa. Iyo tembiricha yegelation yemushonga yakadzikira zvine mutsetse nekuwedzera kwekusangana kwemhinduro, uye gelation yakaitika pakamuri tembiricha mushure mekusvika kumwe kusungwa. HPMC ine yakakwira gelation concentration pakamuri tembiricha.

Kusagadzikana kunogonawo kugadziriswa nekusarudza particle size uye cellulose ethers ane madhigirii akasiyana ekugadzirisa. Iko kunonzi kugadziridzwa ndiko kuiswa kwehydroxyl alkyl boka mune imwe dhigirii yekutsiva pane skeleton chimiro cheMC. Nekushandura hukama hwekutsinhanisa hunhu hwezviviri zvinotsiva, kureva, iyo DS neMS inotsinhanisa tsika dzemethoxy uye hydroxyl mapoka. Zvimiro zvakasiyana-siyana zve cellulose ether zvinodikanwa nekushandura hukama hunotsiviwa hwemhando mbiri dzezvinotsiva.

Ukama huri pakati pekusagadzikana nekugadzirisa: kuwedzera kwe cellulose ether kunokanganisa kushandiswa kwemvura kwedhaka, uye kunoshandura mvura-binder reshiyo yemvura nesamende, inova iyo thickening effect. Iyo yakakwirira iyo dosi, iyo inowedzera kushandiswa kwemvura.

Cellulose ethers inoshandiswa muupfu zvekuvaka zvinhu zvinofanirwa kunyungudika nekukurumidza mumvura inotonhora uye kupa kuenderana kwakaringana kuhurongwa. Kana iyo shear rate yakapihwa ichiri flocculent uye colloidal chinhu chakaderera kana chakashata chemhando chigadzirwa.

Kune zvakare hukama hwakanaka hwemutsara pakati pesimende slurry kuenderana uye dosi ye cellulose ether, cellulose ether inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya viscosity yedhaka, iyo yakakura dosage, zvakanyanya kujeka mhedzisiro. Cellulose ether aqueous solution ine high viscosity ine yakakwirira thixotropy, inova imwe yemaitiro e cellulose ether. Aqueous solutions yeMC type polymers inowanzova nepseudoplastic, isiri-thixotropic fluidity pazasi petembiricha yavo yegel, asi Newtonian inoyerera zvivakwa pazasi shear mitengo. Pseudoplasticity inowedzera nekuwedzera kwehuremu hwemamorekuru kana kuwanda kwe cellulose ether uye inozvimiririra kune inotsiva mhando nedhigirii. Naizvozvo, cellulose ethers yegiredhi rimwechete viscosity, ingave MC, HPMC kana HEMC, inogara ichiratidza zvakafanana rheological properties chero bedzi iyo yekuisa uye tembiricha inoramba iripo. Apo kutonhora kunowedzera, gel yemaitiro inoumbwa uye yakakwirira thixotropic inoyerera inoitika. Cellulose ethers ine high concentration uye yakaderera viscosity inoratidza thixotropy kunyange pasi pekushisa kwegel. Ichi chivakwa chinobatsira zvikuru pakuvaka dhaka rekuvaka kuti rigadzirise kuyerera kwayo uye kuyerera kwakarembera chivakwa. Zvinoda kutsanangurwa pano kuti kukwirisa viscosity ye cellulose ether, zviri nani kuchengetwa kwemvura, asi iyo yakakwira viscosity, iyo inokwira yakaenzana molecular uremu hwe cellulose ether, kuderera kunoenderana nekunyungudika kwayo, izvo zvinokanganisa iyo dhaka concentration uye kuita kwekuvaka. Iyo yakakwirira viscosity, iyo inonyanya kuoneka iyo thickening mhedzisiro yedhaka, asi haisi hukama hwakakwana hwakaenzana. Imwe yakaderera viscosity, asi yakagadziridzwa cellulose ether mukuvandudza kusimba kwemaitiro edhaka rakanyorova rine kuita kwakanakisa, pamwe nekuwedzera kweviscosity, cellulose ether kuchengetwa kwemvura kwakavandudzwa.

Cellulose ether retardation: cellulose ether yechitatu basa ndere kunonoka hydration process ye simenti. Cellulose ether inoisa dhaka rine akasiyana anobatsira zvivakwa, asi zvakare inoderedza yekutanga hydration kupisa kuburitswa kwe simenti, ichinonotsa iyo hydration dynamic process ye simenti. Izvi hazvina kunaka kushandiswa kwedhaka munzvimbo dzinotonhora. Rudzi urwu rwekudzoreredza mhedzisiro ndeye cellulose ether molecule adsorption paCSH uye Ca (OH) 2 hydration zvigadzirwa zvinokonzerwa, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwepore solution viscosity, cellulose ether inoderedza basa reion mumushonga, nekudaro kunonoka hydration process. Iyo yakakwira kuwanda kwe cellulose ether mumineral gel zvinhu, zvinonyanya kuoneka mhedzisiro yekunonoka kwe hydration. Cellulose ether haingononotse kugadzika, asiwo kuomeswa kweiyo simenti mortar system. Iko kudzoreredza mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether kunoenderana kwete chete nekuisa kwayo mumineral gel system, asiwo pane chimiro chemakemikari. Iyo yakakwirira dhigirii yeHEMC methylation, zviri nani kudzoreredza mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether. Iko kudzoreredza mhedzisiro ye hydrophilic kutsiva kwakasimba kupfuura iyo yekuwedzera mvura kutsiva. Asi viscosity ye cellulose ether haina mhedzisiro pa hydration kinetics ye simenti.

Nekuwedzera kwe cellulose ether content, nguva yekuisa dhaka inowedzera zvakanyanya. Iyo yekutanga yekumisikidza nguva yedhaka ine yakanaka mutsara kuwirirana nemukati we cellulose ether, uye yekupedzisira nguva yekumisikidza ine yakanaka mutsara kuwirirana nezviri mukati cellulose ether. Tinogona kudzora nguva yekushanda yedhaka nekushandura dosage ye cellulose ether.

Kupfupisa, mune yakagadzirira-yakasanganiswa dhaka, cellulose ether inobata basa mukuchengetedza mvura, kukora, kunonoka simende hydration simba, kunatsiridza mashandiro ekuvaka. Kugona kuchengetedza mvura kunoita kuti simende hydration iwedzere kuzara, inogona kuvandudza yakanyorova viscosity yedhaka rakanyorova, kuvandudza simba rekubatanidza redhaka, inogadziriswa nguva. Kuwedzera cellulose ether kune mechaniki yekupfapfaidza dhaka kunogona kuvandudza kupfapfaidza kana kupomba kuita uye kusimba kwechimiro chedhaka. Nokudaro, cellulose ether inoshandiswa zvakanyanya sechinhu chinokosha chekuwedzera mune yakagadzirira-yakasanganiswa dhaka.