Drymix Mortar ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa uye imwe yezvinhu zvakakosha muinjiniya yekuvaka yemazuva ano. Inoumbwa nesamende, jecha uye admixtures. Simende ndicho chinhu chikuru chekuisa simende. Nhasi ngatidzidzei zvimwe nezve zvakakosha zveiyo drymix mortar.
Mota yekuvaka: Icho chinhu chekuvaka chinogadzirwa ne simenti zvinhu, yakanaka aggregate, musanganiswa uye mvura muzvikamu zvakaringana.
Masonry dhaka: Dhaka rinosunga zvidhinha, matombo, matombo nezvimwewo kuita masonry rinonzi masonry mortar. Masonry dhaka inoita basa rekuisa simende zvidhinha uye kutapurirana mutoro, uye chikamu chakakosha chekugadzira masonry.
1. Kugadzira zvinhu zvemasonry mortar
(1) Cementing zvinhu uye musanganiswa
Zvinhu zvekusimbisa zvinowanzo shandiswa mumasonry dhaka zvinosanganisira simende, lime paste, uye gypsum yekuvaka.
Simba regiredhi resimende rinoshandiswa pakugadzira dhaka rinofanira kusarudzwa maererano nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira. Simba regiredhi resimende rinoshandiswa mudhaka resimende harifaniri kunge rakakura kudarika 32.5; giredhi resimba resimende rinoshandiswa musimende yakasanganiswa dhaka harifanire kunge rakakura kupfuura 42.5.
Kuti uvandudze kushanda kwedhaka uye kuderedza kuwanda kwesamende, imwe lime paste, dota revhu kana nhunzi dzinowanzosanganiswa mudhaka resimende, uye dhaka rakagadzirwa nenzira iyi rinonzi simende yakasanganiswa dhaka. Zvinhu izvi hazvifanirwe kunge zvine zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvinokanganisa kushanda kwedhaka, uye kana zvine zvimedu kana agglomerates, zvinofanirwa kusefa ne 3 mm square hole sieve. Slaked lime poda haifanirwe kushandiswa zvakananga mumasonry mortar.
(2) Kuunganidzwa kwakanaka
Ijecha rinoshandiswa kugadzira dhaka remasonry rinofanira kuva jecha riri pakati nepakati, uye masonry emarara anofanira kunge ari jecha rakaomarara. Madhaka ari mujecha haafaniri kudarika 5%. Kune simenti-yakasanganiswa dhaka ine simba regiredhi reM2.5, dhaka rejecha harifaniri kudarika 10%.
(3) Zvinodiwa zvekuwedzera
Kufanana nekuwedzera kwekusanganiswa mukongiri, kuitira kuvandudza zvimwe zvivakwa zvedhaka, zvakasanganiswa senge plasticizing, simba rekutanga,cellulose ether, antifreeze, uye retaring zvinogonawo kuwedzerwa. Kazhinji, inorganic admixtures inofanirwa kushandiswa, uye mhando dzadzo uye dosages dzinofanirwa kutariswa kuburikidza nekuyedza.
(4) Zvinodiwa pamvura yedhaka zvakafanana nezvekongiri.
2. Unyanzvi hunoita hwemasonry mortar musanganiswa
(1) Kuyerera kwedhaka
Kuita kwedhaka rinoyerera pasi pehuremu hwaro kana simba rekunze rinonzi fluidity of mortar, inonziwo consistency. Indekisi inoratidza kuyerera kwedhaka ndiro dhigirii rekunyura, iro rinoyerwa nedhaka risingachinji mita, uye chikamu chayo imm. Kusarudzwa kwekuenderana kwedhaka mupurojekiti kunoenderana nerudzi rwemasonry uye mamiriro ekunze emamiriro ekunze, ayo anogona kusarudzwa nekureva Tafura 5-1 ("Code for Construction and Acceptance of Masonry Engineering" (GB51203-1998)).
Izvo zvinhu zvinokanganisa kuyerera kwedhaka ndezvekuti: kushandiswa kwemvura kwedhaka, rudzi uye huwandu hwesimende zvinhu, chimiro chechidimbu uye gradation yeaggregate, chimiro uye dosage yekusanganiswa, kufanana kwekusanganisa, nezvimwe.
(2) Kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka
Munguva yekufambisa, kupaka uye kushandiswa kwedhaka rakasanganiswa, inodzivirira kupatsanurwa pakati pemvura uye zvinhu zvakasimba, pakati pezvakanaka slurry uye aggregate, uye kukwanisa kuchengeta mvura ndiko kuchengetedza mvura kwedhaka. Kuwedzera huwandu hwakakodzera hwemicrofoam kana plasticizer inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuchengetwa kwemvura uye fluidity yedhaka. Kuchengetedzwa kwemvura kwedhaka kunoyerwa nemamita edhaka, uye kunoratidzwa ne delamination (. Kana delamination yakakura zvakanyanya, zvinoreva kuti dhaka rinowanzoita delamination uye kupatsanurwa, izvo zvisingakodzeri kuvaka uye kuomesa simende. delamination dhigirii remasonry dhaka harifanire kunge rakakura kupfuura 3 0mm Kana delamination iri diki zvakanyanya, kuomesa kutsemuka kunowanzo kuitika, saka delamination yedhaka haifanire kunge iri pasi pe1 0mm.
(3) Kuronga nguva
Iyo nguva yekumisikidza yekuvaka dhaka ichaongororwa zvichienderana nekupikiswa kwekupinda kunosvika 0.5MPa. Iyo simende dhaka haifaniri kudarika maawa masere, uye simenti yakasanganiswa dhaka haifaniri kudarika maawa gumi. Mushure mekuwedzera admixture, inofanirwa kusangana nedhizaini nekuvaka zvinodiwa.
3. Unyanzvi hunoita hwemasonry mortar mushure mekuoma
Simba rekumanikidza redhaka rinoshandiswa sechiratidzo chesimba rayo. Iyo yakajairwa saizi yemuenzaniso i70.7 mm cubic specimens, boka rezviyero zvitanhatu, uye tsika yakajairika inosvika mazuva makumi maviri nemasere, uye avhareji yekumanikidza simba (MPa) inoyerwa. Masonry dhaka rakakamurwa kuita matanhatu simba mamakisi maererano compressive simba: M20, M15, M7.5, M5.0, uye M2.5. Simba redhaka harisi kungobatwa chete nekuumbwa uye chikamu chedhaka pachayo, asiwo chine chokuita nekushanda kwemvura kwechigadziko.
Kune dhaka resimende, inotevera simba fomula inogona kushandiswa kufungidzira:
(1) Chigadziko chisina kunyura (senge dombo gobvu)
Nheyo isina kunyura ndicho chinhu chikuru chinokanganisa kusimba kwedhaka, iyo inonyanya kufanana neyekrete, ndiko kuti, inonyanya kugadziriswa nesamende simba uye mvura-samende ratio.
(2) Chigadziko chinosveta mvura (senge zvidhinha zvevhu nezvimwe zvinhu zvine porous)
Izvi zvinodaro nekuti base layer inogona kutora mvura. Kana ichitora mvura, kuwanda kwemvura yakachengetwa mudhaka kunoenderana nekuchengetwa kwayo kwemvura, uye haina chekuita nechiyero chemvura-samende. Nokudaro, simba revhu panguva ino rinonyanya kugadziriswa nesimba resimenti uye chiyero chesimenti.
Bond simba remasonry dhaka
Iyo masonry dhaka inofanirwa kuve neyakakwana yakabatana simba rekubatanidza masonry kuita yakasimba yakazara. Ukuru hwesimba rakabatana redhaka richakanganisa kusimba kweshear, kusimba, kugadzikana uye kudengenyeka kupikisa kwemasonry. Kazhinji, simba rakabatana rinowedzera nekuwedzera kwesimba rekumanikidza redhaka. Iko kubatanidzwa kwedhaka kunoenderanawo nepamusoro pemamiriro, dhigirii rekunyorova uye kurapa mamiriro ezve masonry zvinhu.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-07-2022