Analytical nzira ye physicochemical properties ye cellulose ether

Kwakabva, chimiro, zvivakwa uye mashandisirwo e cellulose ether akaunzwa. Tichifunga nezve physicochemical property index test ye cellulose ether industry standard, yakanatswa kana yakagadziridzwa nzira yakaiswa pamberi, uye kugona kwayo kwakaongororwa kuburikidza nekuyedza.

Mazwi akakosha:cellulose ether; Muviri uye makemikari zvinhu; Analytical method; Kuedza kubvunza

Cellulose ndiyo yakanyanya kuwanda yemapolymer komputa munyika. Nhevedzano yezvinobvamo inogona kuwanikwa nekugadziriswa kwekemikari ye cellulose. Cellulose ether chigadzirwa che cellulose mushure me alkalization, etherification, washing, kuchenesa, kukuya, kuomesa uye mamwe matanho. Iyo mikuru yezvigadzirwa zve cellulose ether idonje, kapok, bamboo, huni, nezvimwewo, pakati peiyo cellulose yemukati mudonje ndiyo yepamusoro, inosvika 90 ~ 95%, ndiyo yakanakira kugadzirwa kwe cellulose ether, uye China iri nyika huru yekugadzirwa kwekotoni, iyo inosimudzirawo kuvandudzwa kweChinese cellulose ether industry kusvika pamwero wakati. Parizvino, kugadzirwa, kugadzirisa uye kushandiswa kwefiber ether kuri kutungamira pasirese.

Cellulose ether mune zvekudya, mishonga, cosmetics, zvinhu zvekuvaka, mapepa, uye mamwe maindasitiri ane huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa. Iine maitiro ekunyungudika, viscosity, kugadzikana, kwete-chepfu uye biocompatibility. Cellulose ether test standard JCT 2190-2013, kusanganisira cellulose ether kuonekwa fineness, yakaoma uremu mwero, sulfate ash, viscosity, pH kukosha, transmittance uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvemuviri nemakemikari. Nekudaro, kana cellulose ether ichiiswa kune akasiyana maindasitiri, kunze kwekuongororwa kwemuviri uye kemikari, mashandisiro e cellulose ether mune ino system anogona kuongororwa zvakare. Semuenzaniso, kuchengetedza mvura muindasitiri yekuvaka, kuvaka dhaka, nezvimwewo; Adhesives indasitiri adhesion, kufamba, nezvimwewo; Zuva nezuva makemikari indasitiri kufamba, adhesion, etc. Muviri uye kemikari eti cellulose ether inosarudza kushandiswa kwayo siyana. Kuongorora kwemuviri uye kemikari ye cellulose ether yakakosha pakugadzira, kugadzirisa kana kushandiswa. Kubva paJCT 2190-2013, bepa rino rinopa mazano matatu ekunatsa kana kuvandudza zvirongwa zve physicochemical properties kuongororwa kwe cellulose ether, uye inosimbisa kukwanisa kwavo kuburikidza nekuedza.

1. Dry uremu kurasikirwa

Kuomesa uremu huremu ndiyo inonyanya kukosha indekisi ye cellulose ether, inonziwo hunyoro hwemukati, ine hukama neiyo inoshanda zvikamu, hupenyu hwesherufu uye zvichingodaro. Iyo yakajairwa bvunzo nzira iovheni huremu nzira: Angangoita 5g samples akayerwa akaiswa mubhodhoro rekuyeresa rine huremu husingapfuuri 5mm. Chivharo chebhodhoro chakaiswa pasi muchoto, kana chivharo chebhodhoro chakavhurwa hafu uye chakaomeswa pa105 ° C ± 2 ° C kwe2 h. Ipapo chivharo chebhodhoro chakatorwa kunze uye chakatonhodzwa kusvika kukamuri tembiricha muomesi, kuyerwa, uye kuomeswa muchoto kwemaminetsi makumi matatu.

Zvinotora 2 ~ maawa matatu kuona hunyoro hwesample neiyi nzira, uye hunyoro hunoenderana nemamwe ma index uye kugadzirira kwemhinduro. Mazhinji ma indexes anogona chete kuitwa mushure mekunge bvunzo yehunyoro yapera. Nokudaro, iyi nzira haina kukodzera mukushandiswa kunoshanda muzviitiko zvakawanda. Semuenzaniso, mutsara wekugadzira wemamwe mafekitori e-cellulose ether inoda kuona zviri mukati memvura nekukurumidza, saka vanogona kushandisa dzimwe nzira kuona zviri mukati memvura, sekukurumidza hunyoro mita.

Zvinoenderana neyakajairwa mwando yemukati yekuona nzira, zvinoenderana neyakapfuura inoshanda yekuyedza chiitiko, inowanzodikanwa kuomesa sampuli kuti irambe ichirema pa105 ℃, 2.5h.

Miedzo yezvakasiyana cellulose ether mwando pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ebvunzo. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti mhedzisiro yebvunzo ye135 ℃ uye 0.5 h iri padyo neiyo yeyakajairwa nzira pa105 ℃ uye 2.5h, uye kutsauka kwemhedzisiro yemamita yekunyorova kwekukurumidza kwakakura. Mushure mokunge migumisiro yekuedza yakabuda, maitiro maviri ekuonekwa kwe135 ℃, 0.5 h uye 105 ℃, 2.5 h yemaitiro akaenzana akaenderera mberi achionekwa kwenguva yakareba, uye zvigumisiro zvakanga zvisati zvasiyana zvakanyanya. Naizvozvo, iyo nzira yekuyedza ye135 ℃ uye 0.5 h inogoneka, uye iyo mwando yemukati yekuyedza nguva inogona kupfupikiswa neanenge 2 h.

2. Sulfate ash

Sulfate ash cellulose ether indekisi yakakosha, yakanangana neiyo inoshanda kuumbwa, kuchena uye zvichingodaro. Yakajairwa nzira yekuyedza: Pukuta sampuli pa105 ℃ ± 2 ℃ yekuchengetera, inorema ingangoita 2 g yesampuli mucrucible iyo yakapiswa yakatwasuka uye inogara huremu, isa crucible pamudziyo wekudziya kana muchoto chemagetsi uye zvishoma nezvishoma kupisa kusvika sampuli. yakazara carbonized. Mushure mekutonhodza crucible, 2 ml concentrated sulfuric acid inowedzerwa, uye zvakasara zvinonyoroveswa uye zvinopisa zvishoma nezvishoma kusvikira utsi huchena huchioneka. Iyo crucible inoiswa muMuffle vira uye inopiswa pa750 ° C ± 50 ° C kwe1 h. Mushure mekupisa, crucible inotorwa kunze uye yakanyoroveswa kune tembiricha yekamuri mune yakaoma uye kuyerwa.

Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti nzira yakajairwa inoshandisa yakawanda yakadzika sulfuric acid mukupisa. Mushure mekupisa, huwandu hukuru hwemhepo yakanyungudutswa yakanyungudika sulfuric acid utsi. Kunyangwe ikashandiswa mufume hood, inove nechakaipa chakakomba kune zvakatipoteredza mukati nekunze kwerabhoritari. Mupepa iri, akasiyana cellulose ethers anoshandiswa kuona madota zvinoenderana neyakajairwa nzira pasina kuwedzera concentrated sulfuric acid, uye mhedzisiro yebvunzo inofananidzwa neyakajairika nzira.

Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti pane imwe gap mumigumisiro yekuona yenzira mbiri idzi. Zvichienderana neaya ekutanga data, bepa rinoverengera gap kuwanda kweaviri muyero yekufungidzira ye1.35 ~ 1.39. Kureva kuti, kana mhedzisiro yebvunzo yenzira isina sulfuric acid inowedzerwa neiyo coefficient ye 1.35 ~ 1.39, iyo ash test mhedzisiro ine sulfuric acid inogona kuwanikwa yakawandisa. Mushure mokunge migumisiro yekuedza yakasunungurwa, mamiriro maviri ekuonekwa akafananidzwa kwenguva yakareba, uye migumisiro yakaramba iine zvishoma mune iyi coefficient. Zvinoratidza kuti nzira iyi inogona kushandiswa kuedza pure cellulose ether ash. Kana pane zvinodiwa zvega zvega, nzira yakajairika inofanira kushandiswa. Sezvo yakaoma cellulose ether inowedzera zvinhu zvakasiyana, hazvizokurukurwa pano. Mukutonga kwemhando ye cellulose ether, kushandisa nzira yekuongorora madota isina kunyura sulfuric acid inogona kuderedza kusvibiswa mukati nekunze kwerabhoritari, kuderedza nguva yekuedza, kushandisa reagent uye kuderedza njodzi dzinogona kuitika dzinokonzerwa nemaitiro ekuedza.

3, cellulose ether boka zvemukati bvunzo sampuli pretreatment

Zvinyorwa zveboka ndeimwe yezvinyorwa zvakakosha zve cellulose ether, iyo inotarisa zvakananga makemikari e-cellulose ether. Boka remukati bvunzo inoreva iyo cellulose ether pasi pechiito checatalyst, kudziyisa uye kutsemuka mune yakavharwa reactor, uyezve chigadzirwa kudhirowa uye jekiseni mugasi chromatograph yehuwandu hwekuongorora. Iyo yekupisa yekupwanya maitiro ezvinyorwa zveboka inonzi pre-kurapa mubepa rino. Iyo yakajairwa pre-kurapa nzira ndeye: kuyera 65mg yakaomeswa sampu, wedzera 35mg adipic acid mubhodhoro rekuita, tora 3.0ml mukati meyero yemvura uye 2.0ml hydroiodic acid, donhera mubhodhoro rekuita, vhara zvakasimba uye uremu. Zunza bhodhoro rekuita neruoko kwe30s, isa bhodhoro rekuita musimbi thermostat pa 150 ℃ ± 2 ℃ ye 20min, ibudise kunze uye uizunza kwe 30S, uye wozoipisa kwe40min. Mushure mekutonhora kusvika kukamuri tembiricha, kurasikirwa uremu kunodiwa kusapfuura 10mg. Kana zvisina kudaro, mhinduro yemuenzaniso inoda kugadzirirwa zvakare.

Iyo yakajairwa nzira yekudziya inoshandiswa musimbi thermostat yekudziya yekuita, mukushandiswa chaiko, musiyano wetembiricha wemutsara wega wega wesimbi yekugezesa wakakura, mhedzisiro yacho haina kusimba kudzokorora, uye nekuti kupisa kwekuputika kunowedzera zvakanyanya, kazhinji nekuti kuita bhodhoro chivharo hachisi chakasimba kuvuza uye kubuda kwegasi, pane imwe njodzi. Mubepa rino, kuburikidza nekuyedzwa kwenguva refu nekutarisa, nzira yepretreatment inoshandurwa kuita: kushandisa girazi rekuita bhodhoro, rine butyl rabha plug zvakasimba, uye tepi inodzivirira kupisa yepolypropylene yakaputira chimiro, wozoisa bhodhoro rekuita muhumburumbira diki. , kuvhara zvakasimba, pakupedzisira kuisa muvheni inopisa. Iyo bhodhoro rekuita neiyi nzira haiburitse mvura kana mweya, uye yakachengeteka uye iri nyore kushanda kana reagent inozungunuswa zvakanaka panguva yekuita. Iko kushandiswa kwemagetsi kuputika kuomesa oven kupisa kunogona kuita kuti sampuli yega yega iwedzere kudziya, mhedzisiro yakanaka kudzokorora.

4. Pfupiso

Mhedzisiro yekuedza inoratidza kuti nzira dzakavandudzwa dzekuona cellulose ether dzinotaurwa mubepa rino dzinogoneka. Kushandisa mamiriro ari mubepa rino kuyedza kuomeswa kwehuremu huremu kunogona kuvandudza kugona uye kupfupisa nguva yekuyedza. Kushandisa pasina sulfuric acid test combustion madota, kunogona kuderedza kusvibiswa kwerabhoritari; Nzira yehovhoni inoshandiswa mubepa rino senzira yepretreatment ye cellulose ether boka remukati bvunzo inogona kuita kuti pretreatment ishande uye yakachengeteka.