Suava-soluble cellulose ether derivatives

O le faʻaogaina o fesoʻotaʻiga, auala ma meatotino o ituaiga eseese o fesoʻotaʻiga soʻotaga ma vai-soluble cellulose ether na faʻalauiloaina. E ala i le fesuiaiga o fesoʻotaʻiga, o le viscosity, rheological properties, solubility ma mea faʻainisinia o le vai-soluble cellulose ether e mafai ona faʻaleleia atili, ina ia faʻaleleia ai lona faʻatinoga o le faʻaaogaina. E tusa ai ma le fausaga o vailaʻau ma meatotino o fesoʻotaʻiga eseese, o ituaiga o le cellulose ether crosslinking modification reactions na aoteleina, ma le faʻatonuga o le atinaʻeina o faʻasalalauga eseese i vaega faʻaoga eseese o le cellulose ether na aoteleina. I le vaai atu i le faatinoga lelei o le vai-soluble cellulose ether suia e crosslinking ma nai suʻesuʻega i le fale ma fafo, o le suiga crosslinking lumanai o cellulose ether e lautele avanoa mo atinae. E mo le faʻamatalaga a tagata suʻesuʻe talafeagai ma atinaʻe gaosiga.
Upu autu: felauaiga feso'ota'iga; Cellulose ether; Fa'asologa o vaila'au; Solubility; Fa'atinoga o talosaga

Cellulose ether ona o lona tulaga sili ona lelei, e pei o se sui mafiafia, vai faʻamauina sui, faʻapipiʻi, fusi ma faʻasalalau, colloid puipuia, faʻamautu, sui faʻamalolo, emulsifier ma ata tifaga, faʻaaogaina lautele i le ufiufi, fausiaina, suauu, vailaʻau i aso uma, meaʻai. ma vailaau ma isi pisinisi. O le cellulose ether e masani ona aofia ai le methyl cellulose,hydroxyethyl cellulose,carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ma isi ituaiga o eter fefiloi. O le cellulose ether e faia i le filo cotton poʻo le fafie fafie e ala i le alkalization, etherification, fufulu centrifugation, faʻamago, faʻafefeteina le faagasologa ua saunia, o le faʻaogaina o le etherification agents e masani ona faʻaaogaina alkane halogenated poʻo epoxy alkane.
Ae ui i lea, i le faagasologa o le talosaga o le vai-soluble cellulose ether, o le avanoa o le a fetaiai ma siosiomaga faapitoa, e pei o le maualuga ma le maualalo o le vevela, siosiomaga acid-base, siosiomaga ionic lavelave, o nei siosiomaga o le a mafua ai le mafiafia, solubility, taofia vai, adhesion, pipii, taofi mautu ma emulsification o vai-soluble cellulose eter e matua aafia, ma e oo lava i le aveesea atoatoa o lona functionality.
Ina ia faʻaleleia le faʻaogaina o le faʻaogaina o le cellulose ether, e manaʻomia le faʻatautaia o togafitiga faʻasolosolo, faʻaaogaina o sui faʻafesoʻotaʻi eseese, e ese le faʻatinoga o oloa. Faʻavae i luga o le suʻesuʻega o ituaiga eseese o fesoʻotaʻiga fesoʻotaʻiga ma a latou auala faʻafesoʻotaʻi, faʻatasi ai ma le fesoʻotaʻiga tekonolosi i le gaosiga o gaosiga o pisinisi, o lenei pepa o loʻo talanoaina ai le fesoʻotaʻiga o le cellulose ether ma ituaiga eseese o fesoʻotaʻiga, tuʻuina atu faʻamatalaga mo le fesuiaiga o fesoʻotaʻiga o le cellulose ether. .

1. Fausiaina ma le crosslinking mataupu faavae o le cellulose ether

Cellulose ethero se ituaiga o cellulose derivatives, lea e synthesized e eter suitulaga tali o le tolu ava malosi hydroxyl vaega i luga o molelaula cellulose natura ma halogenated alkane po o alkane epoxide. Ona o le eseesega o sui, o le fausaga ma meatotino o le cellulose ether e eseese. O le fa'afeso'ota'i o le cellulose ether e masani lava ona aofia ai le etherification po'o le esterification o le -OH (OH i luga o le kulukose iunite mama po'o le -OH i luga o le mea e suitulaga po'o le carboxyl i luga o le suitulaga) ma le sui fa'afeso'ota'i fa'atasi ma vaega lua po'o le tele o galuega, ina ia lua. po'o le sili atu fo'i molelaula ether cellulose o lo'o feso'ota'i fa'atasi e fausia ai se fa'asologa o feso'ota'iga va'ava'ai tele. O le ether cellulose e feso'ota'i.
I se tulaga lautele, cellulose ether ma crosslinking sui o vaifofo o loo i ai le sili atu -OH e pei o HEC, HPMC, HEMC, MC ma CMC e mafai ona etherified pe esterified crosslinked. Talu ai ona o le CMC o loʻo i ai ionion acid carboxylic, o vaega galue i totonu o le sui faʻafesoʻotaʻi e mafai ona esterified crosslinked ma ions carboxylic acid.
I le maeʻa ai o le tali a le -OH poʻo le -COO- i le cellulose ether mole ma sui faʻafesoʻotaʻi, ona o le faʻaitiitia o mea o loʻo i totonu o vai-soluble vaega ma le faʻavaeina o se fausaga fesoʻotaʻiga tele-dimensional i fofo, o lona solubility, rheology ma mea faʻainisinia. o le a suia. I le faʻaaogaina o sui faʻafesoʻotaʻi eseese e tali atu i le cellulose ether, o le a faʻaleleia le faʻaogaina o le cellulose ether. O le cellulose ether talafeagai mo le faʻaaogaina o fale gaosi oloa na saunia.

2. Ituaiga so'o feso'ota'iga

2.1 Aldehydes fa'afeso'ota'i sui
Aldehyde crosslinking agents e fa'asino i mea fa'aola o lo'o i ai le vaega o le aldehyde (-CHO), ia o lo'o galue malosi ma e mafai ona tali atu i le hydroxyl, ammonia, amide ma isi mea. Aldehyde crosslinking agents faʻaaogaina mo cellulose ma ona mea e maua mai e aofia ai formaldehyde, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, glyceraldehyde, ma isi vaega Aldehyde e mafai ona faigofie ona tali atu i le lua -OH e fausia ai acetals i lalo o tulaga vaivai acidic, ma o le tali e toe faʻafoʻi. O le cellulose ethers masani ua suia e aldehydes crosslinking agents o HEC, HPMC, HEMC, MC, CMC ma isi ethers cellulose aqueous.
O se vaega aldehyde se tasi e crosslinked ma vaega hydroxyl lua i luga o le cellulose ether molecular filifili, ma le cellulose ether molelaula e fesootai e ala i le fausia o acetals, fausia se fausaga avanoa fesootaiga, ina ia suia lona solubility. Ona o le fua -OH tali i le va o le aldehyde crosslinking agent ma le cellulose ether, o le aofaʻi o vaega mole mole hydrophilic ua faʻaitiitia, e mafua ai le le lelei o le suavai o le oloa. O le mea lea, e ala i le faʻatonutonuina o le aofaʻi o le sui faʻafesoʻotaʻi, o le faʻaogaina o le cellulose ether e mafai ona faʻatuai ai le taimi o le faʻamamaina ma puipuia ai le oloa mai le faʻamavaeina vave i le vai, e mafua ai le faʻaputuga o le lotoifale.
O le a'afiaga o le aldehyde crosslinking cellulose ether e masani lava ona fa'alagolago i le aofa'i o le aldehyde, pH, le tutusa o le fa'afeso'ota'i tali, taimi feso'ota'i, ma le vevela. O le maualuga tele po o le maualalo o le vevela o fesoʻotaʻiga ma le pH o le a mafua ai le le mafai ona toe faʻaaogaina le fesoʻotaʻiga ona o le hemiacetal i le acetal, lea o le a oʻo atu ai i le cellulose eter e le mafai ona faʻaaogaina i le vai. O le aofaʻi o aldehyde ma le tutusa o le faʻaogaina o fesoʻotaʻiga e aʻafia saʻo ai le tikeri faʻafefe o le cellulose ether.
Ole formaldehyde e itiiti le fa'aogaina mo le feso'ota'i o le cellulose eter ona o lona maualuga oona ma le maualuga o le fe'avea'i. I aso ua tuanaʻi, sa sili atu ona faʻaaogaina formaldehyde i le fanua o paʻu, faʻapipiʻi, ie, ma o lea ua faasolosolo malie ona suia e le maualalo o le oona e le o le formaldehyde crosslinking agents. Ole a'afiaga ole feso'ota'iga ole glutaraldehyde e sili atu nai lo le glyoxal, ae e malosi lona manogi manogi, ma o le tau ole glutaraldehyde e fai si maualuga. I le iloiloga lautele, i alamanuia, glyoxal e masani ona faʻaaogaina e faʻafesoʻotaʻi le vai-soluble cellulose ether e faʻaleleia ai le solubility o oloa. E masani lava i le vevela o le potu, pH 5 ~ 7 tulaga acidic vaivai e mafai ona faia crosslinking tali. A maeʻa le fesoʻotaʻiga, o le a umi le taimi o le faʻamamaina ma le taimi atoa o le faʻamamaina o le cellulose ether, ma o le a faʻavaivaia le faʻalavelave faʻafuaseʻi. Pe a faʻatusatusa i oloa e le faʻafefeteina, o le solubility o le cellulose ether e sili atu, ma o le a leai ni oloa e leʻi faʻaaogaina i totonu o le fofo, lea e faʻaogaina i le faʻaaogaina o pisinisi. Ina ua saunia e Zhang Shuangjian le hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, o le glyoxal agent crosslinking na faʻafefeteina aʻo leʻi faʻamagoina ina ia maua vave le hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ma le faʻasalalauina o le 100%, lea e leʻi pipii faʻatasi pe a faʻamavae ma vave faʻasalalau ma faʻamavaeina, lea na foia ai le faʻapipiʻiina i le faʻatinoga. talosaga ma faalautele le fanua talosaga.
I le tulaga alkaline, o le a faʻaumatia le faagasologa toe faʻafoʻiina o le faia o le acetal, o le a faʻapuʻupuʻu le taimi o le faʻamamaina o le oloa, ma o le faʻamavaeina o uiga o le cellulose ether e aunoa ma le faʻafesoʻotaʻi o le a toe faʻaleleia. I le taimi o le sauniuniga ma le gaosiga o le cellulose ether, o le faʻafesoʻotaʻi o le aldehydes e masani ona faia pe a maeʻa le gaioiga o le etheration, pe i le vai vai o le fufuluina poʻo le vaega mautu pe a uma le centrifugation. E masani lava, i le faagasologa o le fufuluina, e lelei le tutusa o le tali, ae e leaga le aafiaga o le crosslinking. Ae ui i lea, ona o le tapulaʻa o mea faʻainisinia, o le faʻaogaina o fesoʻotaʻiga tutusa i le vaega mautu e le lelei, ae o le aʻafiaga o fesoʻotaʻiga e sili atu ona lelei ma o le aofaʻi o le faʻaogaina o le soʻotaga e faʻaaogaina e laʻititi lava.
Aldehydes crosslinking agents suia vai-soluble cellulose ether, faʻaopoopo i le faʻaleleia atili o lona solubility, o loʻo i ai foi lipoti e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e faʻaleleia ai ana mea faʻainisinia, mautu viscosity ma isi meatotino. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, na faʻaaogaina e Peng Zhang le glyoxal e faʻafesoʻotaʻi ma HEC, ma suʻesuʻeina le aʻafiaga o le faʻaogaina o sui sooupu, faʻafesoʻotaʻi pH ma le vevela o le vevela ile malosi susu ole HEC. O faʻaiʻuga o loʻo faʻaalia ai i lalo o le tulaga sili ona lelei o fesoʻotaʻiga, o le malosi susu o le HEC fibre pe a uma le faʻafesoʻotaʻi e faʻateleina i le 41.5%, ma o lona faʻatinoga e matua faʻaleleia. Na fa'aaoga e Zhang Jin le resini phenolic solu vai, glutaraldehyde ma trichloroacetaldehyde e fa'afeso'ota'i ai le CMC. I le faʻatusatusaina o meatotino, o le vaifofo o le vai-soluble phenolic resin crosslinked CMC sa i ai le faʻaitiitia o le viscosity faʻaitiitia pe a maeʻa togafitiga maualuga, o lona uiga, o le maualuga o le vevela.
2.2 O mea e feso'ota'i feso'ota'i ai so'o
Carboxylic acid crosslinking agents e faasino i polycarboxylic acid compounds, aemaise lava e aofia ai succinic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid ma isi binary poʻo polycarboxylic acids. Carboxylic acid crosslinkers na muamua faʻaaogaina i le faʻaogaina o alava ie e faʻaleleia ai lo latou lamolemole. O le faiga o feso'ota'iga e fa'apea: o le vaega o le carboxyl e tali atu i le vaega hydroxyl o le mole mole mole e maua ai le esterified crosslinked cellulose ether. Welch ma Yang et al. na muamua su'esu'e le faiga o feso'ota'iga o feso'ota'iga su'esu'e o le carboxylic acid. O le fa'agasologa o feso'ota'iga e fa'apea: i lalo o nisi tulaga, o vaega e lua o lo'o soso'o i totonu o le carboxylic acid crosslinkers na muamua fa'amagoina e fausia ai le cyclic anhydride, ma le anhydride e tali atu i le OH i molela'au cellulose e fausia ai le eter cellulose feso'ota'i fa'atasi ai ma se fausaga fa'afanua feso'otaiga.
O vaila'au feso'ota'i fa'afeso'ota'i fa'acarboxylic e masani lava ona fa'afeagai ma le cellulose eter o lo'o iai mea e suitulaga i le hydroxyl. Talu ai ona o vailaʻau faʻafesoʻotaʻi o le carboxylic acid e solu vai ma e le oona, ua faʻaaogaina lautele i suʻesuʻega o fafie, starch, chitosan ma cellulose i tausaga talu ai nei.
O mea e maua mai ai ma isi fa'asologa o feso'ota'iga esterification polymer fa'anatura, ina ia fa'aleleia ai le fa'atinoga o lona fanua fa'aoga.
Hu Hanchang et al. fa'aaogaina le sodium hypophosphite catalyst e fa'aaoga ai le fa polycarboxylic acids ma fausaga mole mole eseese: Propane tricarboxylic acid (PCA), 1,2,3, 4-butane tetracarboxylic acid (BTCA), cis-CPTA, cis-CHHA (Cis-ChHA) sa fa'aaogaina. e fa'auma ie vavae. O fa'ai'uga na fa'aalia ai o le fausaga lapotopoto o le polycarboxylic acid e fa'auma ai le ie cotton e sili atu le fa'aleleia o le fa'aleleia. Cyclic polycarboxylic acid molecules e mafai ona aoga faʻafesoʻotaʻi soʻo ona o lo latou malosi sili atu ma sili atu le fesoʻotaʻiga aʻafiaga nai lo filifili molelaʻau karboxylic acid.
Wang Jiwei et al. fa'aogaina le vaila'au fa'afefiloi o le citric acid ma le acetic anhydride e fai ai le esterification ma le fa'afeso'ota'i suiga ole masoa. I le su'esu'eina o meatotino o le vai ma le fa'apipi'i manino, na latou fa'ai'u ai e sili atu le mautu fa'aisa fa'aisa, fa'amaulalo le pa'u ma sili atu le mautu o le vevela nai lo le masoa.
Carboxylic acid vaega e mafai ona faʻaleleia lo latou solubility, biodegradability ma mea faʻainisinia pe a maeʻa le esterification crosslinking tali ma le malosi -OH i polymers eseese, ma carboxylic acid compounds e leai ni mea oona poʻo le maualalo-oona, lea e iai avanoa lautele mo le fesuiaiga o fesoʻotaʻiga o vai- soluble cellulose ether i mea'ai vasega, pharmaceutical grade ma coating fanua.
2.3 Epoxy fa'apipi'i fa'afeso'ota'i sui
Epoxy crosslinking agent e lua pe sili atu vaega o le epoxy, po'o le epoxy compound o lo'o i ai vaega galue malosi. I lalo o le gaioiga a catalysts, vaega epoxy ma vaega galue e tali atu i le -OH i faʻalapotopotoga faʻapitoa e faʻatupu ai macromolecules ma fausaga fesoʻotaʻiga. O le mea lea, e mafai ona faʻaaogaina mo le fesoʻotaʻiga o le cellulose ether.
O le viscosity ma mea faʻainisinia o le cellulose ether e mafai ona faʻaleleia e ala i le epoxy crosslinking. Epoxides na fa'aaoga muamua e togafitia ai alava ie ma fa'aalia lelei le fa'auma lelei. Ae ui i lea, o loʻo i ai ni nai lipoti i luga o le fesoʻotaʻiga fesoʻotaʻiga o le cellulose ether e epoxides. Hu Cheng et al atia'e se feso'ota'iga fou epoxy multifunctional: EPTA, lea na fa'aleleia atili ai le fa'aleleia o le susū susū Angle o ie silika moni mai le 200º a'o le'i togafitia i le 280º. E le gata i lea, o le totogi lelei o le crosslinker na matua faateleina ai le fua o le valiina ma le mitiia o ie silika moni i vali oona. O le epoxy compound crosslinking agent faʻaaogaina e Chen Xiaohui et al. : polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PGDE) e feso'ota'i ma gelatin. A maeʻa le fesoʻotaʻiga, o le gelatin hydrogel e sili ona lelei le toe faʻaleleia o gaioiga, faʻatasi ai ma le maualuga maualuga o le toe faʻaleleia e oʻo atu i le 98.03%. Faʻavae i luga o suʻesuʻega i luga o fesoʻotaʻiga fesoʻotaʻiga o polymers faʻanatura e pei o le ie ma le gelatin e oxides tutotonu i tusitusiga, o le fesuiaiga o fesoʻotaʻiga o le cellulose ether ma epoxides o loʻo i ai foi se faʻamoemoega manuia.
Epichlorohydrin (lea e ta'ua o le epichlorohydrin) o se mea e masani ona fa'aogaina feso'ota'iga mo le togafitia o mea fa'apolopolo fa'alenatura o lo'o iai -OH, -NH2 ma isi vaega fa'agaoioi. A maeʻa le fesoʻotaʻiga o le epichlorohydrin, o le viscosity, acid and alkali resistance, teteʻe o le vevela, teteʻe masima, teteʻe masima ma mea faʻainisinia o le a faʻaleleia. O le mea lea, o le faʻaaogaina o le epichlorohydrin i le cellulose ether crosslinking e iai le taua tele o suʻesuʻega. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, na faia e Su Maoyao se mea e sili ona faʻafefeteina e ala i le faʻaogaina o le epiclorohydrin crosslinked CMC. Na ia talanoaina le aafiaga o le fausaga o meafaitino, tikeri o le suitulaga ma le tikeri o le crosslinking i luga o meatotino adsorption, ma maua ai le tau faatumauina o le vai (WRV) ma le taua o le taofiga o le brine (SRV) o le oloa na faia e uiga i le 3% crosslinking agent na siitia e 26 taimi ma 17 taimi, faasologa. Ina ua faia e Ding Changguang et al. saunia carboxymethyl cellulose sili viscous, epichlorohydrin faaopoopo ina ua uma etherification mo crosslinking. I le faʻatusatusaina, o le viscosity o le oloa faʻafesoʻotaʻi e oʻo atu i le 51% maualuga atu nai lo le oloa e leʻi faʻaogaina.
2.4 Boric acid so'otaga so'otaga
O vaila'au fa'afeso'ota'i boric e masani ona aofia ai le boric acid, borax, borate, organoborate ma isi vaila'au fa'afeso'ota'i o lo'o iai le borate. O le faiga o feso'ota'iga e masani ona talitonuina o le boric acid (H3BO3) po'o le borate (B4O72-) e fausia ai le tetrahydroxy borate ion (B(OH)4-) i le vaifofo, ona fa'amama ai lea ma le -Oh i totonu o le fa'aputuga. Fausia se feso'ota'iga feso'ota'i fa'atasi ma se fausaga feso'ota'iga.
Boric acid crosslinkers e masani ona faʻaaogaina e avea ma ausilali i vailaʻau, tioata, ceramics, petroleum ma isi fanua. O le malosi faʻainisinia o mea e togafitia i le boric acid crosslinking agent o le a faʻaleleia, ma e mafai ona faʻaaogaina mo le faʻaogaina o le cellulose ether, ina ia faʻaleleia ai lona faʻatinoga.
I le vaitau o le 1960, o le boron inorganic (borax, boric acid and sodium tetraborate, etc.) o le sui autu lea e feso'ota'i fa'aoga i le vai-fa'avaeina o le sua o le suau'u ma le kesi. O le Borax o le ulua'i fa'aoga feso'ota'iga na fa'aaogaina. Ona o le faaletonu o le boron inorganic, e pei o le puupuu crosslinking taimi ma le le lelei o le vevela tetee, o le atinae o organoboron crosslinking sui ua avea ma nofoaga autu o suesuega. O suʻesuʻega o le organoboron na amata ile 1990s. Ona o ona uiga o le maualuga o le vevela tetee, faigofie ona momotu kelu, controllable faatuai crosslinking, ma isi, organoboron ua ausia aafiaga aoga lelei i le suauu ma kesi fanua fracturing. Liu Ji et al. atiina ae se sui polymer crosslinking o loo i ai vaega phenylboric acid, o le sui crosslinking fefiloi ma acrylic acid ma polyol polymer ma succinimide ester vaega tali, o le taunuuga o le pipii ola e lelei atoatoa faatinoga, e mafai ona faaalia adhesion lelei ma mea tau masini i se siosiomaga susu, ma e mafai ona fa'apipi'i faigofie. Yang Yang et al. na maua ai le maualuga o le vevela o le zirconium boron crosslinking agent, lea na faʻaaogaina e faʻafesoʻotaʻi ai le vai o le gel guanidine o le vai gau, ma faʻaleleia atili ai le vevela ma le faʻafefeteina o le vai gau pe a maeʻa togafitiga. Ua lipotia mai le suiga ole carboxymethyl cellulose ether e le boric acid crosslinking agent ile suau'u vili suau'u. Ona o lona fausaga faʻapitoa, e mafai ona faʻaaogaina i vailaʻau ma fausiaina
Fesoʻotaʻiga o le cellulose ether i le fausiaina, faʻapipiʻi ma isi fanua.
2.5 Fosfide so'otaga so'otaga
Phosphates crosslinking sui e masani lava e aofia ai phosphorus trichloroxy (phosphoacyl chloride), sodium trimetaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, ma isi. O le auala crosslinking o le sootaga PO po o le P-Cl sootaga e esterified ma le molecular -OH i le vai vaifofo e maua ai diphosphate, fausia se fausaga fesootaiga. .
Fosphide crosslinking sui ona o le le oona po o le maualalo oona, faaaogaina lautele i meaai, vailaau polymer mea crosslinking suiga, e pei o le masoa, chitosan ma isi polymer crosslinking togafitiga masani. O fa'ai'uga o lo'o fa'aalia ai o le gelatinization ma le fulafula o meatotino o le masoa e mafai ona matua suia e ala i le fa'aopoopoina o sina vaega itiiti o le phosphide crosslinking agent. A maeʻa le fesoʻotaʻiga o le starch, e faʻapupulaina le vevela o le gelatinization, faʻaleleia le faʻamautu o le paʻu, e sili atu le malosi o le acid nai lo le uluaʻi malo, ma faʻateleina le malosi o le ata.
E tele foʻi suʻesuʻega i luga o le chitosan crosslinking ma le phosphide crosslinking agent, lea e mafai ona faʻaleleia ai lona malosi faʻainisinia, mautu vailaʻau ma isi meatotino. I le taimi nei, e leai ni lipoti e uiga i le faʻaogaina o le phosphide crosslinking agent mo le cellulose ether crosslinking treatment. Talu ai ona o le cellulose ether ma le starch, chitosan ma isi polymers natura o loʻo i ai le sili atu ona malosi -OH, ma le phosphide crosslinking agent e leai ni mea oona poʻo le maualalo o le toxicity physiological properties, o lona faʻaogaina i suʻesuʻega faʻafesoʻotaʻi ether cellulose e iai foʻi faʻamoemoega talafeagai. E pei o le CMC faʻaaogaina i meaʻai, toothpaste grade field with phosphide crosslinking agent modification, e mafai ona faʻaleleia lona mafiafia, meatotino rheological. MC, HPMC ma HEC faʻaaogaina i le fanua o vailaʻau e mafai ona faʻaleleia e le phosphide crosslinking agent.
2.6 Isi so'otaga so'otaga
O aldehydes i luga, epoxides ma cellulose ether crosslinking e patino i le etherification crosslinking, carboxylic acid, boric acid ma le phosphide crosslinking agent o le esterification crosslinking. E le gata i lea, o mea faʻapipiʻi faʻaogaina mo le cellulose ether crosslinking e aofia ai foi le isocyanate compounds, nitrogen hydroxymethyl compounds, sulfhydryl compounds, metal crosslinking agents, organosilicon crosslinking agents, ma isi. faigofie ona tali atu i le -OH, ma e mafai ona fausia se fausaga fesoʻotaʻiga tele-dimensional pe a uma le fesoʻotaʻiga. O meatotino o fefaʻatauaʻiga oloa e fesoʻotaʻi ma le ituaiga o fesoʻotaʻiga sui, tikeri faʻasolosolo ma tulaga faʻafesoʻotaʻi.
Badit · Pabin · Condu et al. fa'aaoga le toluene diisocyanate (TDI) e fa'afeso'ota'i ai le methyl cellulose. A maeʻa le fesoʻotaʻiga, na faʻateleina le vevela o le tioata (Tg) i le faʻaopoopoga o le pasene o le TDI, ma faʻaleleia atili le mautu o lona vaifofo. O le TDI e masani ona faʻaaogaina mo le faʻafesoʻotaʻi suiga i mea faʻapipiʻi, paʻu ma isi fanua. A maeʻa suiga, o le a faʻaleleia le mea faʻapipiʻi, le vevela ma le vai faʻafefe o le ata. O le mea lea, e mafai e le TDI ona faʻaleleia le faʻatinoga o le cellulose ether o loʻo faʻaaogaina i le fausiaina, faʻapipiʻi ma faʻapipiʻi e ala i le faʻaogaina o suiga.
Disulfide crosslinking tekinolosi e masani ona faʻaaogaina i le fesuiaiga o mea faʻafomaʻi ma e iai ni suʻesuʻega taua mo le faʻaogaina o oloa cellulose ether i le vailaʻau. Shu Shujun et al. faʻapipiʻi β-cyclodextrin ma silica microspheres, crosslinked mercaptoylated chitosan ma glucan e ala i gradient shell layer, ma aveese silica microspheres e maua ai disulfide crosslinked nanocapses, lea na faʻaalia ai le mautu lelei i le pH physiological simulated.
O fa'a'au fa'a'au'au fa'ameamea e masani lava o mea fa'apitoa ma fa'aola o ion u'amea maualuga e pei o Zr(IV), Al(III), Ti(IV), Cr(III) ma Fe(III). O ion u'amea maualuga e polymerized e fausia ai le tele-nuclear hydroxyl ions e ala i le fa'amamaina, hydrolysis ma le hydroxyl bridge. E masani ona talitonuina o le fesoʻotaʻiga o ion uʻamea maualuga-valence e masani lava e ala i le tele-nucleated hydroxyl bridging ions, lea e faigofie ona tuʻufaʻatasia ma vaega carboxylic acid e fausia ai le tele-dimensional spatial structure polymers. Xu Kai et al. su'esu'e le fa'asologa o le rheological o Zr(IV), Al(III), Ti(IV), Cr(III) ma Fe(III) fa'asologa maualuga tau u'amea feso'ota'iga carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (CMHPC) ma le mautu vevela, filtration gau. , le gafatia o le oneone fa'agata, toega kelu- gaui ma masima fetaui pe a uma ona fa'aoga. O fa'ai'uga na fa'aalia ai, O le u'amea crosslinker o lo'o i ai meatotino e mana'omia mo le fa'amama sima o le suau'u vai gau gau.

3. Fa'aleleia o fa'atinoga ma atina'e fa'apitoa o le cellulose ether e ala i feso'ota'iga fesuia'iga

3.1 Vali ma faufale
E sili atu le faʻaogaina o le cellulose ether HEC, HPMC, HEMC ma le MC i le fanua o le fausiaina, faʻapipiʻiina, o lenei ituaiga o cellulose ether e tatau ona i ai le vai lelei, mafiafia, masima ma le vevela teteʻe, faʻafefete, e masani ona faʻaaogaina i le sima sima, latex vali. , fa'apipi'i ipu sima, vali puipui fafo, lacquer ma isi. Ona o le fale, ufiufi fanua manaoga o mea e tatau ona i ai le malosi faainisinia lelei ma le mautu, e masani ona filifili etherification ituaiga crosslinking sui e cellulose eter crosslinking suiga, e pei o le faaaogaina o le epoxy halogenated alkane, boric acid crosslinking sui mo lona crosslinking, e mafai ona faaleleia oloa. viscosity, masima ma le vevela teteʻe, faʻafefete ma mea faʻainisinia.
3.2 Fa'afanua o vaila'au, mea'ai ma vaila'au i aso ta'itasi
MC, HPMC ma le CMC i le vai-soluble cellulose eter e masani ona faaaogaina i mea faʻapipiʻi vailaʻau, vailaʻau faʻagesegese tuʻuina faʻaopoopoga ma vai vailaʻau mafiafia ma emulsion stabilizer. E mafai fo'i ona fa'aogaina le CMC e fai ma emulsifier ma mafiafia i yogurt, mea'ai susu ma toothpaste. HEC ma le MC o loʻo faʻaaogaina i aso taʻitasi vailaʻau faʻamalosi e mafiafia, faʻasalalau ma homogenize. Ona o le fanua o vailaau faafomai, meaai ma vasega vailaau i aso taitasi e manaomia mea saogalemu ma le oona, o le mea lea, mo lenei ituaiga o cellulose ether e mafai ona faaaogaina phosphoric acid, carboxylic acid crosslinking sui, sulfhydryl crosslinking sui, ma isi, pe a uma le crosslinking suiga, e mafai. faaleleia le viscosity o le oloa, mautu o meaola ma isi meatotino.
E seasea faʻaaogaina le HEC i vailaʻau ma meaʻai, ae ona o le HEC o se ether cellulose e le ionic ma solubility malosi, e iai ona tulaga faʻapitoa i luga o MC, HPMC ma CMC. I le lumanaʻi, o le a faʻafesoʻotaʻi e le saogalemu ma le leai o se mea oona faʻafesoʻotaʻi, lea o le a tele le atinaʻeina o le atinaʻe i le fanua o vailaʻau ma meaʻai.
3.3 Suau'u viliina ma le gaosiga o nofoaga
CMC ma carboxylated cellulose ether e masani ona faʻaaogaina e pei o fale gaosi oloa vili palapala togafitiga, sui gau vai, sui mafiafia e faʻaoga. I le avea ai o se ether cellulose non-ionic, o le HEC o loʻo faʻaaogaina lautele i le fanua o le suauʻu suauʻu ona o lona aafiaga mafiafia lelei, malosi malosi o le oneone ma le mautu, vevela vevela, maualuga masima mea, maualalo paipa teteʻe, itiiti vai gau, paʻu vave. gau ma maualalo toega. I le taimi nei, o le tele o suʻesuʻega o le faʻaogaina lea o le boric acid crosslinking agents ma le uʻamea crosslinking agents e suia ai le CMC faʻaaogaina i le suauʻu suauʻu fanua, e le-ionic cellulose ether crosslinking suiga suʻesuʻega lipoti itiiti, ae o le hydrophobic suiga o le eter cellulose le ionic, faaalia taua. viscosity, vevela ma masima teteʻe ma sele mautu, faʻasalalau lelei ma teteʻe i meaola hydrolysis. A maeʻa ona faʻafesoʻotaʻi e le boric acid, metal, epoxide, epoxy halogenated alkanes ma isi sui faʻafesoʻotaʻi, cellulose ether faʻaaogaina i le suauʻu viliina ma le gaosiga ua faʻaleleia ai lona mafiafia, masima ma le vevela, faʻamautu ma isi mea, lea e iai se faʻamoemoega sili ona aoga i le lumanai.
3.4 Isi Field
Cellulose ether ona o le mafiafia, emulsification, ata tifaga, puipuiga colloidal, faatumauina o le susu, adhesion, anti-sensitivity ma isi mea sili ona lelei, sili atu ona faʻaaogaina, faʻaopoopo i luga o fanua, faʻaaogaina foi i pepa, ceramics, lomitusi ie ma vali, tali polymerization ma isi fanua. E tusa ai ma manaʻoga o meafaitino i fanua eseese, e mafai ona faʻaogaina sui faʻafesoʻotaʻi eseese mo le faʻaogaina o suiga e fetaui ma manaʻoga talosaga. I se tulaga lautele, e mafai ona vaevaeina le ether cellulose e mafai ona vaevaeina i ni vaega se lua: etherified crosslinked cellulose ether ma esterified crosslinked cellulose ether. Aldehydes, epoxides ma isi crosslinkers e tali atu i le -Oh on cellulose ether e fausia ai le ether-oxygen bond (-O-), lea e patino i le etherification crosslinkers. Carboxylic acid, phosphide, boric acid ma isi mea e feso'ota'i fa'afeagai ma le -OH i luga o le cellulose ether e fausia ai fusi ester, o lo'o iai i so'o feso'ota'iga esterification. O le vaega o le carboxyl i le CMC e tali atu i le -OH i totonu o le sui faʻafesoʻotaʻi e maua ai esterified crosslinked cellulose ether. I le taimi nei, e itiiti lava suʻesuʻega i lenei ituaiga o fesoʻotaʻiga suiga, ma o loʻo i ai pea le avanoa mo le atinaʻe i le lumanaʻi. Ona o le mautu o le ether bond e sili atu nai lo le ester bond, o le ether type crosslinked cellulose ether e sili atu le malosi o le mautu ma mea tau masini. E tusa ai ma fanua faʻaoga eseese, e mafai ona filifilia sui fesoʻotaʻiga talafeagai mo le cellulose ether crosslinking modification, ina ia maua ai oloa e fetaui ma manaʻoga o le talosaga.

4. Faaiuga

I le taimi nei, o loʻo faʻaaogaina e le alamanuia glyoxal e crosslink cellulose ether, ina ia faʻatuai ai le taimi faʻaumatia, e foia ai le faʻafitauli o le caking oloa i le taimi o le faʻamavaeina. Glyoxal crosslinked cellulose ether e mafai ona na o le suia o lona solubility, ae leai se faʻaleleia manino i isi meatotino. I le taimi nei, e seasea suʻesuʻeina le faʻaogaina o isi vailaʻau faʻafesoʻotaʻi e ese mai i le glyoxal mo le cellulose ether crosslinking. Talu ai ona o le cellulose ether e faʻaaogaina lautele i le suauʻu suauʻu, fausiaina, ufiufi, meaʻai, vailaʻau ma isi pisinisi, o lona solubility, rheology, mea faʻainisinia e taua tele i lona faʻaaogaina. E ala i le fesuiaiga o fesoʻotaʻiga, e mafai ona faʻaleleia lana faʻatinoga o faʻatinoga i vaega eseese, ina ia faʻafetaui manaoga o le talosaga. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, carboxylic acid, phosphoric acid, boric acid crosslinking agent mo le esterification cellulose ether e mafai ona faʻaleleia ai le faʻatinoga o le faʻatinoga i le fanua o meaʻai ma vailaʻau. Peita'i, e le mafai ona fa'aogaina aldehydes i mea'ai ma vaila'au ona o lo latou o'ona fa'aletino. Boric acid ma u'amea feso'ota'iga sui e fesoasoani e fa'aleleia atili le fa'atinoina o le suau'u ma le kesi gau gau pe'a mae'a feso'ota'iga cellulose eter fa'aaogaina i le suau'u suau'u. O isi mea e feso'ota'i ai le alkyl, e pei o le epichlorohydrin, e mafai ona fa'aleleia atili ai le viscosity, mea fa'a-rheological ma mea fa'ainisinia o le cellulose ether. Faatasi ai ma le faʻaauauina o le atinaʻeina o saienisi ma tekinolosi, o manaʻoga o pisinisi eseese mo mea totino o loʻo faʻaleleia pea. Ina ia mafai ona faʻamalieina manaʻoga o le cellulose ether i le tele o faʻaoga, o le suʻesuʻega i le lumanaʻi i luga o le cellulose ether crosslinking e iai avanoa lautele mo le atinaʻe.