Cellulose Eter i Alamanuia Pepa

O lenei pepa o loʻo faʻaalia ai ituaiga, auala sauniuni, uiga faʻatinoga ma tulaga faʻaogaina o cellulose ethers i le gaosiga o pepa, tuʻuina atu i luma nisi o ituaiga fou o cellulose ethers ma faʻamoemoega atinaʻe, ma talanoaina a latou faʻaoga ma le atinaʻeina o faiga i le gaosiga o pepa.

upu autu:cellulose eteru; faatinoga; pisinisi pepa

O le Cellulose o se polymer fa'alenatura, o lona fausaga fa'atekinisi o se polysaccharide macromolecule ma le anhydrousβ-glucose e fai ma mama faavae, ma o mama faavae taitasi ei ai le vaega hydroxyl muamua ma se vaega hydroxyl lona lua. E ala i lona fesuiaiga o vailaʻau, e mafai ona maua se faasologa o mea e maua mai i le cellulose. O le auala sauniuni o le cellulose ether o le tali atu lea o le cellulose ma le NaOH, ona faia lea o le etherification reaction ma le tele o gaioiga galue e pei o le methyl chloride, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, ma isi, ona fufulu lea o le masima masima ma nisi o le sodium cellulose e maua ai. le oloa. O le cellulose ether o se tasi lea o mea taua e maua mai i le cellulose, lea e mafai ona faʻaaogaina lautele i vailaʻau ma le tumama, alamanuia vailaʻau i aso uma, fai pepa, meaʻai, vailaʻau, fausiaina, meafaitino ma isi pisinisi. I tausaga talu ai nei, o atunuu i fafo ua faʻapipiʻi tele i ana suʻesuʻega, ma le tele o taunuʻuga na faia i suʻesuʻega faʻavae faʻaaogaina, faʻaaogaina o aafiaga aoga, ma sauniuniga. I tausaga talu ai nei, o nisi tagata i Saina ua amata faasolosolo ona auai i suʻesuʻega o lenei vaega, ma ua latou ausia muamua nisi o taunuuga i le gaosiga o faiga. O le mea lea, o le atinaʻeina ma le faʻaogaina o le cellulose ether o loʻo i ai se sao taua tele i le faʻaogaina atoatoa o punaoa faʻaola faʻafouina ma le faʻaleleia o le tulaga lelei o pepa ma le faʻatinoga. O se ituaiga fou o mea fa'aopoopo e fai pepa e tatau ona atia'e.

1. Fa'avasegaina ma le saunia o metotia o cellulose ethers

O le faʻavasegaina o cellulose ethers e masani ona vaevaeina i 4 vaega e tusa ai ma le ionicity.

1.1 Nonionic Cellulose Eteru

E leai se ionic cellulose ether e masani lava o le cellulose alkyl ether, ma o lona auala sauniuni o le tali atu lea i le cellulose ma le NaOH, ona faia lea o le etherification tali ma monomers galue eseese e pei o le monochloromethane, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, ma isi, ona maua lea i le fufuluina. o le masima faʻatau ma le sodium cellulose, aemaise lava e aofia ai le methyl cellulose ether, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, cyanoethyl Cellulose ether ma le hydroxybutyl cellulose ether o loʻo faʻaaogaina lautele.

1.2 Anionic cellulose eter

Anionic cellulose ethers o le sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ma le sodium carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose. O le auala sauniuni o le tali atu lea o le cellulose ma le NaOH ona faʻatino lea o le eter ma le chloroacetic acid, ethylene oxide ma le propylene oxide. Tali fa'ama'i, ona maua lea e ala i le fufuluina o le masima ma le sodium cellulose.

1.3 Cationic Cellulose Eteru

cationic cellulose ethers e masani lava ona aofia ai le 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride cellulose ether, lea e saunia e ala i le taliina o le cellulose ma le NaOH ona tali atu lea i le cationic etherifying agent 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl Trimethyl ammonium chloride poʻo le etherification reaction ma le ethylene oxide ma le propylene oxide. ona maua lea e ala i le fufuluina o le masima ma le sodium cellulose.

1.4 Zwitterionic Cellulose Eteru

O le filifili mole o le zwitterionic cellulose ether e lua vaega anionic ma vaega cationic. O lona auala sauniuni o le tali cellulose ma le NaOH ona tali atu lea i le monochloroacetic acid ma le cationic etherification agent 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl Trimethylammonium chloride ua etherified, ona maua lea e ala i le fufuluina o le masima ma le sodium cellulose.

2. Fa'atinoga ma uiga o le cellulose ether

2.1 Fausia ata tifaga ma pipii

O le etherification o le cellulose ether o loʻo i ai se aafiaga tele i ona uiga ma meatotino, e pei o le solubility, ata-fausia gafatia, malosi faʻamau ma le masima tetee. O le cellulose ether e maualuga le malosi faʻainisinia, fetuutuunai, vevela vevela ma le malulu, ma e lelei le fesoʻotaʻiga ma resins eseese ma plasticizers, ma e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e fai ai palasitika, ata tifaga, varnishes, faʻapipiʻi, latex Ma mea faʻapipiʻi vailaʻau, ma isi.

2.2 Solubility

O le cellulose ether e lelei le solubility o le vai ona o le i ai o vaega polyhydroxyl, ma e ese le solvent selectivity mo solvents organic e tusa ai ma suiga eseese. Methylcellulose e solu i le vai malulu, e le mafai ona solu i le vai vevela, ma soluble foi i nisi solvents; methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose e solu i le vai malulu, e le mafai ona solu i vai vevela ma solu faʻalaʻau. Ae peita'i, a fa'avevela le vaifofo o le methylcellulose ma le methylhydroxyethylcellulose, o le a fa'afefete le methylcellulose ma le methylhydroxyethylcellulose. Methyl cellulose o loʻo paʻu ile 45-60°C, ae o le vevela vevela o fefiloi etherified methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ua faateleina i le 65-80°C. Pe a faʻaititia le vevela, e toe faʻamavae le maʻa. Hydroxyethylcellulose ma sodium carboxymethylcellulose e solu i le vai i so'o se vevela ma e le mafai ona solu i so'o so'o (fa'atasi ai ma nai tuusaunoaga). O le fa'aogaina o lenei mea totino, e mafai ona saunia ni mea fa'asuauu eseese ma mea e mafai ona soluble film.

2.3 Mafiafia

O le cellulose ether e faʻamavaeina i totonu o le vai i le foliga o le colloid, o lona viscosity e faʻalagolago i le tikeri o le polymerization o le cellulose ether, ma o le fofo o loʻo i ai macromolecules hydrated. Ona o le lavelave o macromolecules, o le tafe o vaifofo e ese mai le vai o Newtonian, ae faʻaalia se amio e suia i le malosi o le siʻi. Ona o le macromolecular structure o le cellulose ether, o le viscosity o le fofo e faʻateleina vave i le faʻateleina o le faʻatonuga ma faʻaitiitia vave i le faʻateleina o le vevela. E tusa ai ma ona uiga, o le cellulose ethers e pei o le carboxymethyl cellulose ma le hydroxyethyl cellulose e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e fai ma mea faʻamalosi mo vailaʻau i aso taʻitasi, mea e teu ai vai mo paʻu pepa, ma mafiafia mo faʻapipiʻi fausaga.

2.4 Fa'aleagaina

A malepe le cellulose ether i le vai, o le a tupu siama, ma o le tuputupu aʻe o siama o le a taʻitaʻia ai le gaosiga o siama enzyme. O le enzyme na te talepeina fusi o le anhydroglucose e le'i suia i tafatafa o le cellulose ether, ma fa'aitiitia ai le mamafa mole mole o le polymer. O le mea lea, afai o le cellulose ether aqueous solution e tatau ona teuina mo se taimi umi, e tatau ona faʻapipiʻi i ai ni mea faʻasao, ma e tatau ona faia nisi o vailaʻau faʻamaʻi e oʻo lava i cellulose ethers ma mea faʻamaʻi.

3. Faʻaaogaina o le cellulose ether i totonu o pisinisi pepa

3.1 Pepa fa'amalosi tino

Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, e mafai ona faʻaaogaina le CMC e avea o se fiber dispersant ma se pepa faʻamalosi pepa, lea e mafai ona faʻaopopo i le pulupulu. Talu ai o le sodium carboxymethyl cellulose o loʻo i ai le tau tutusa e pei o le pulupulu ma mea faʻatumu, e mafai ona faʻateleina le tutusa o le fiber. E mafai ona fa'aleleia atili le a'afiaga o alava, ma fa'ailoilo fa'aletino e pei o le malosi tete, malosi pa, ma le tutusa o pepa o pepa e mafai ona fa'aleleia. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, Longzhu ma isi faʻaaogaina le 100% bleached sulfite wood pulp, 20% talcum powder, 1% dispersed rosin kelu, fetuutuunai le pH tau i le 4.5 ma le alumini sulfate, ma faʻaaoga le maualuga viscosity CMC (viscosity 800 ~ 1200MPA.S) Le tikeri o le suitulaga e 0.6. E mafai ona iloa e mafai e le CMC ona faʻaleleia le malosi mago o pepa ma faʻaleleia ai foi lona tikeri sizing.

3.2 Su'esu'ega fa'avasegaina o luga

Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e fai ma sui faʻapipiʻi pepa e faʻaleleia ai le malosi o le pepa. O lona fa'aogaina e mafai ona fa'ateleina ai le malosi i luga e tusa ma le 10% pe a fa'atusatusa i le fa'aogaina o le polyvinyl alcohol i le taimi nei ma le sui fa'avasegaina o le starch, ma e mafai ona fa'aititia le fua e tusa ma le 30%. Ose su'esu'ega fa'atupu fa'atupu-pepa, ma o lenei fa'asologa o ituaiga fou e tatau ona fa'atupuina lelei. O le cationic cellulose ether e sili atu lona fa'atinoina o le fa'avasegaina o luga nai lo le cationic starch. E le gata e mafai ona faʻaleleia atili le malosi o le pepa, ae faʻaleleia foi le faʻaogaina o le vaitusi faʻatinoga o pepa ma faʻateleina le aafiaga vali. Ose fo'i fa'aola fa'atupu fa'aputuga o luga. Mo Lihuan ma isi na fa'aogaina le sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ma le oxidized starch e fa'atino ai su'esu'ega fa'ameamea i luga o pepa ma pepa malo. O fa'ai'uga o lo'o fa'aalia ai o le CMC o lo'o i ai se fa'aoga lelei tele.

Methyl carboxymethyl cellulose sodium o loʻo i ai se faʻatinoga faʻapitoa, ma o le carboxymethyl cellulose sodium e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e fai ma sui o le pulp. I le faaopoopo atu i lona lava sizing tikeri, cationic cellulose ether e mafai foi ona faʻaaogaina e fai ma faʻapipiʻi pepa faʻapipiʻi fesoasoani Filter, faʻaleleia le fua o le taofiofia o alava lelei ma faʻatumu, ma e mafai foi ona faʻaaogaina e avea o se sui faʻamalosi pepa.

3.3 Emulsion stabilizer

Cellulose ether o loʻo faʻaaogaina lautele i sauniuniga emulsion ona o lona aafiaga mafiafia lelei i vaifofo vai, lea e mafai ona faateleina ai le viscosity o le emulsion dispersion medium ma puipuia emulsion precipitation ma stratification. E pei o le sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, ma isi mea. e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e fai ma faʻamautu ma mea puipuia mo anionic dispersed rosin gum, cationic cellulose ether, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, ma isi Basemethyl cellulose ether, methyl cellulose ether. eter, ma isi mea. e mafai foi ona faʻaaogaina e avea ma mea e puipuia ai mo le cationic disperse rosin gum, AKD, ASA ma isi sizing agents. Longzhu et al. faʻaaogaina 100% bleached sulfite laau pulupulu, 20% talcum paʻu, 1% faʻasalalau rosin kelu, fetuutuunai le tau pH i le 4.5 ma le alumini sulfate, ma faʻaaogaina le maualuga viscosity CMC (viscosity 800 ~ 12000MPA.S). O le tikeri o le suitulaga e 0.6, ma e faʻaaogaina mo le tele o totonu. E mafai ona iloa mai i'uga o le sizing tikeri o le pa'u rosin o lo'o i ai le CMC ua manino lelei le fa'aleleia, ma o le mautu o le rosin emulsion e lelei, ma le maualuga o le taofiga o mea pa'u e maualuga fo'i.

3.4 Ufiufi le vai e taofia ai

E faʻaaogaina mo le faʻapipiʻiina ma le faʻapipiʻiina o pepa faʻapipiʻi faʻapipiʻi, cyanoethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, ma isi mea faapena e mafai ona sui ai le casein ma se vaega o le latex, ina ia faigofie ona ulu le vaitusi lolomi ma manino pito. Carboxymethyl cellulose ma hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl cellulose ether e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e pei o le dispersant pigment, thickener, vai faʻamauina sui ma stabilizer. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, o le aofaʻi o le carboxymethyl cellulose o loʻo faʻaaogaina e avea o se mea e teu ai vai i le sauniuniga o paʻu pepa faʻapipiʻi e 1-2%.

4. Fuafuaga Atina'e ole Cellulose Ether Fa'aaogaina ile Alamanuia Pepa

O le fa'aogaina o vaila'au fa'ata'ita'iga e maua mai ai mea e maua mai i le cellulose fa'atasi ai ma galuega fa'apitoa o se auala lelei lea e su'e ai fa'aoga fou o le tele o mea e maua mai i le lalolagi-cellulose. E tele ituaiga o mea e maua mai i le cellulose ma le lautele o galuega, ma o le cellulose ethers ua faʻaaogaina i le tele o alamanuia ona o lo latou lelei tele. Ina ia faʻafetaui manaʻoga o pisinisi pepa, o le atinaʻeina o le cellulose ether e tatau ona gauai atu i faiga nei:

(1) Atiaʻe oloa faʻapitoa eseese o cellulose ethers talafeagai mo talosaga alamanuia pepa, e pei o oloa faʻasologa ma tikeri eseese o suiga, viscosities eseese, ma eseese molecular mole, mo filifiliga i le gaosiga o ituaiga pepa eseese.

(2) O le atinaʻeina o ituaiga fou o cellulose ethers e tatau ona faʻateleina, e pei o cationic cellulose ethers talafeagai mo le teuina o pepa ma alavai fesoasoani, mea faʻapipiʻi luga, ma zwitterionic cellulose ethers e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e avea ma mea faʻamalosia e sui ai le latex Cyanoethyl cellulose eter. ma mea faapena e fai ma fusifusia.

(3) Faʻamalosia le suʻesuʻega i le sauniuniga o le cellulose ether ma lona auala fou sauniuni, aemaise lava le suʻesuʻega i le faʻaitiitia o le tau ma faʻafaigofie le faagasologa.

(4) Faʻamalosia le suʻesuʻega i mea totino o le cellulose ethers, aemaise lava o mea e fai ai ata, mea faʻapipiʻi ma mea mafiafia o ethers cellulose eseese, ma faʻamalosia le suʻesuʻega faʻapitoa i le faʻaogaina o le cellulose ethers i le gaosiga o pepa.