Ethers ya krahisi na selile ya ether byombi ni ether igira uruhare runini mubikorwa bitandukanye, cyane cyane mubwubatsi ndetse ninyongera mubicuruzwa bitandukanye. Nubwo bifite aho bihuriye, nibintu bitandukanye hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwimiti, imiterere, nibisabwa.
1.Imiterere yimiti:
Ether:
Ether ya krahisi ikomoka kuri krahisi, polysaccharide igizwe na glucose. Imiterere yimiti ya krahisi igizwe nibice bibiri byingenzi: amylose (urunigi rwumurongo wa molekile ya glucose ihujwe na α-1,4-glycosidic bonds) na amylopectine (ifite α-1,4 na α-1,6- Polimeri zishamikiye hamwe na glycosideque ) kuvugana. Amashanyarazi ya etarike aboneka muguhindura hydroxyl matsinda ya krahisi binyuze muri etherification.
Cellulose ether:
Ku rundi ruhande, Cellulose ni iyindi polysaccharide, ariko imiterere yayo igizwe na glucose ihuza na β-1,4-glycosidic. Ethers ya selile ikomoka kuri selile binyuze muburyo busa na etherification. Gusubiramo ibice muri selile bihujwe na beta, bikora umurongo kandi wubatswe cyane.
2. Inkomoko:
Ether:
Ibinyamisogwe ahanini biva mu bimera nk'ibigori, ingano n'ibirayi. Ibi bimera ni ibigega bya krahisi na ethers birashobora gukururwa no gutunganywa.
Cellulose ether:
Cellulose nigice cyingenzi cyurukuta rwibimera kandi kibaho henshi muri kamere. Inkomoko rusange ya selile irimo ibiti, ipamba, hamwe nibihingwa bitandukanye. Ethers ya selile ikorwa muguhindura molekile ya selile yakuwe muri aya masoko.
3. Gahunda yo gushimangira:
Ether:
Uburyo bwa etherification ya krahisi burimo kwinjiza amatsinda ya ether mumatsinda ya hydroxyl (OH) igaragara muri molekile ya krahisi. Amatsinda asanzwe ya ether yongeweho arimo methyl, Ethyl, hydroxyethyl, na hydroxypropyl, bikavamo impinduka mumiterere ya krahisi yahinduwe.
Cellulose ether:
Etherification ya selile ikubiyemo inzira isa naho ether yinjizwa mumatsinda ya hydroxyl ya selile. Ibikomoka kuri selile isanzwe harimo methylcellulose, Ethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose na carboxymethylcellulose.
4. Gukemura:
Ether:
Ububiko bwa krahisi muri rusange bufite amazi make ugereranije na selile ya selile. Ukurikije itsinda ryihariye rya ether ryometse mugihe cyo guhindura, barashobora kwerekana impamyabumenyi zitandukanye.
Cellulose ether:
Ethers ya selulose izwiho gukama amazi cyangwa gukwirakwiza amazi. Gukemura biterwa n'ubwoko n'urwego rwo gusimbuza ether.
5. Igikorwa cyo gukora firime:
Ether:
Ubusanzwe ibinyamisogwe bifite ubushobozi buke bwo gukora firime bitewe na kimwe cya kabiri cya kirisiti. Filime yavuyemo irashobora kutagaragara neza kandi idahinduka kurusha firime zakozwe na selile ya ether.
Cellulose ether:
Ethers ya Cellulose, cyane cyane ibiyikomokaho nka methylcellulose, bizwiho imiterere myiza yo gukora film. Barashobora gukora firime zisobanutse kandi zoroshye, zikagira agaciro mubisabwa nko gutwikira hamwe.
6.Imiterere ya Reologiya:
Ether:
Ethers ya krahisi irashobora kongera ubwiza bwibisubizo byamazi, ariko imyitwarire yabo ya rheologiya irashobora gutandukana na selile ya selile. Ingaruka ku bwijimye biterwa nimpamvu nkurwego rwo gusimbuza nuburemere bwa molekile.
Cellulose ether:
Ether ya selile izwi cyane kubushobozi bwabo bwo kugenzura imvugo. Birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kubwiza, kubika amazi hamwe nuburyo bwo gutemba mubikorwa bitandukanye birimo amarangi, ibifatika nibikoresho byubwubatsi.
7. Gusaba:
Ether:
Ether ya krahisi irashobora gukoreshwa mubiribwa, imyenda n’imiti. Mu nganda zubaka, zikoreshwa muri minisiteri, plaster na adheshes kugirango zongere imitungo nko gufata amazi no gukora.
Cellulose ether:
Ether ya selile ikoreshwa cyane muri farumasi, ibiryo, kwisiga no kubaka. Zikoreshwa cyane nkibibyimbye, stabilisateur hamwe na rheologiya ihindura amarangi, minisiteri, amatafari hamwe nibisobanuro bitandukanye.
8. Ibinyabuzima bishobora kubaho:
Ether:
Ether ya krahisi ikomoka ku bimera kandi muri rusange irashobora kubora. Bafasha kongera uburambe bwibicuruzwa byakoreshejwe.
Cellulose ether:
Ethers ya selile ikomoka kuri selile selile nayo ibora. Guhuza ibidukikije ni inyungu zingenzi mubisabwa aho kuramba ari byo byambere.
mu gusoza:
Nubwo etarike ya krahisi na selile ya selile isangiye bimwe nkibikomoka kuri polysaccharide, imiterere yihariye yimiti, amasoko, ibisubizo, imiterere-yimiterere ya firime, imyitwarire ya rheologiya hamwe nibisabwa bibatandukanya kugirango bikoreshwe mubice bitandukanye. Amashanyarazi ya krahisi akomoka kuri krahisi na selulose ethers ikomoka kuri selile buriwese afite ibyiza byihariye mubihe bitandukanye. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro nibyingenzi muguhitamo ether iburyo bwa progaramu runaka, kwemeza imikorere myiza nibiranga ibyifuzo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-25-2024