Hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC) na hydroxypropyl selulose (HPC) ni inkomoko ebyiri zikomoka kuri selile zikoreshwa cyane mu nganda nyinshi, nk'ubuvuzi, amavuta yo kwisiga, ibiryo, n'ibikoresho byo kubaka. Nubwo imiterere yimiti isa kandi ikorwa mugutangiza insimburangingo kuri molekile ya selile, zifite itandukaniro rikomeye mumiterere yimiti, imiterere yumubiri, hamwe nimirima ikoreshwa.
1. Itandukaniro ryimiterere yimiti
Hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC) ikorwa no kwinjiza hydroxyethyl (-CH₂CH₂OH) mumatsinda ya glucose ya molekile ya selile. Imiterere yimiti irimo umubare munini wibintu bya hydroxyethyl, bigatuma HEC igira amazi meza kandi ikabyimba.
Hydroxypropyl selulose (HPC) itangiza hydroxypropyl (-CH₂CHOHCH₃) mumatsinda ya selile. Bitewe nuko iri tsinda rya hydroxypropyl, HPC ryerekana ibintu bimwe na bimwe bitandukanye na HEC. Kurugero, ifite urwego runaka rwa hydrophobicity, ituma rushobora gushonga mumashanyarazi amwe n'amwe, nka Ethanol, inzoga ya isopropyl, nibindi.
2. Itandukaniro ryibisubizo
Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi biranga HEC ni uburyo bwiza bwo gukemura amazi, cyane cyane mu mazi akonje. Bitewe no kwinjiza amatsinda ya hydroxyethyl, HEC irashobora gukora hydrogène ya hydrogène hamwe na molekile zamazi iyo zishushe, bityo zigatatana vuba kandi zigashonga. Kubwibyo, HEC ifite uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha muri sisitemu ishingiye ku mazi, nk'amazi ashingiye ku mazi, ibifata, ibikoresho byogajuru, n'ibindi.
Gukemura kwa HPC biragoye. Ubushobozi bwa HPC mumazi bugira ingaruka cyane kubushyuhe. Ifite ubukonje bwiza ku bushyuhe buke, ariko gelation cyangwa imvura irashobora kugaragara mubushyuhe bwinshi. Muri icyo gihe, HPC ifite kandi imbaraga zo gushonga mumashanyarazi (nka Ethanol, inzoga ya isopropyl, nibindi), itanga ibyiza mubikorwa bimwe na bimwe bidasanzwe, nkibikoresho bishingiye ku buhinzi-mwimerere ndetse n’imiti imwe n'imwe itegura imiti.
3. Itandukaniro mubikorwa byo kubyimba hamwe na rheologiya
HEC ifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kubyimba kandi irashobora kongera cyane ubwiza bwigisubizo cyumuti wamazi, kubwibyo ikoreshwa kenshi mubyimbye, stabilisateur na gelling. Ingaruka yibyibushye ya HEC igira ingaruka kuburemere bwa molekuline no kurwego rwo gusimburwa. Nuburemere bwa molekuline nubunini buringaniye bwo gusimburwa, niko ubwiza bwibisubizo. Muri icyo gihe, imyitwarire ya rheologiya yibisubizo bya HEC ni pseudoplastique, ni ukuvuga, uko igipimo cyogosha cyiyongera, ubwiza bwigisubizo buragabanuka, ibyo bikaba bifasha cyane mubisobanuro bisaba gutuza no kugenda neza.
Ingaruka yibyibushye ya HPC iracyafite intege nke, ariko kubera imiterere yimiterere ya molekile, ibisubizo byayo byerekana imiterere itandukanye. HPC ibisubizo mubisanzwe bifite imiterere ya Newtonian fluid, ni ukuvuga, igisubizo cyibisubizo ntigishobora kugereranywa nigipimo cyogosha, kikaba ari ingenzi cyane mubikorwa bimwe na bimwe bisaba ubwiza bumwe. Mubyongeyeho, HPC ifite kandi imiterere myiza yo gukora firime, ituma ikoreshwa cyane mubice nka farumasi na coatings.
4. Guhagarara no kurwanya imiti
HEC yerekana imiterere ihanitse yimiti muburyo butandukanye bwa pH kandi irashobora gukora neza murwego rwa pH hagati ya 2 na 12. Kubwibyo rero, HEC irakwiriye gukoreshwa mugihe cya acide na alkaline kandi ikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byo kwisiga, kwisiga no mubindi bice.
Nubwo HPC ifite imiterere ihamye yimiti, guhuza n'agaciro ka pH ni bike, kandi mubisanzwe birakwiriye kubogama cyangwa kutagira aside irike. Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bisabwa gukora firime cyangwa hydrophobicity, HPC irashobora gutanga imikorere myiza bitewe nimiterere yihariye yayo, nkibikoresho bisohora-bikomeza cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge.
5. Itandukaniro mubice byo gusaba
Imirima yo gusaba ya HEC irimo:
Ibikoresho byubwubatsi: Nkumubyimba kandi usya, HEC ikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho bishingiye kuri sima, ibifuniko hamwe na minisiteri yubwubatsi kugirango bifashe kunoza imikorere yubwubatsi no kurwanya amazi.
Ipitingi hamwe n'irangi: HEC ikoreshwa mumazi ashingiye kumazi kugirango yongere, ihagarike, ikwirakwize kandi ituze, bityo bizamure neza kandi bishoboke.
Ibicuruzwa bya chimique bya buri munsi: Mubicuruzwa bya chimique bya buri munsi nka detergents na shampo, HEC ikora nkibyimbye kandi bigahindura, bishobora kunoza imiterere nuburambe bwibicuruzwa.
Ibice byingenzi bikoreshwa muri HPC birimo:
Imiti ya farumasi: HPC ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo gutwikira hamwe nimyiteguro irekura-yo gusohora imiti kubera imiterere yayo ya firime nziza kandi ikomeza kurekura. Mubyongeyeho, ifite kandi porogaramu zingenzi muri tablet binders.
Ibiribwa no kwisiga: HPC ikoreshwa nkibyimbye na emulisiferi mu nganda z ibiribwa, kandi nkumukozi ukora firime mumavuta yo kwisiga kugirango afashe kunoza imiterere no guhindagurika kwibicuruzwa.
Ipitingi na wino: Bitewe no gukemuka kwayo no gukora firime, HPC ikoreshwa muburyo bwo gutwikira hamwe na wino bisaba ibishishwa kama, bitanga ibice bya firime neza kandi bigenda neza.
6. Kurengera ibidukikije n'umutekano
HEC na HPC byombi bifatwa nkibikoresho byizewe kumubiri wumuntu nibidukikije kandi bikoreshwa cyane mubicuruzwa bisaba guhura numubiri wumuntu, nka cosmetike na farumasi. Nyamara, HPC irashobora gukemuka mumashanyarazi amwe n'amwe, ashobora gutera ibibazo bimwe mubisabwa hamwe nibisabwa n’ibidukikije, mu gihe HEC ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gushonga amazi, bityo biroroshye kuzuza ibisabwa by’ibidukikije.
Hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC) na hydroxypropyl selulose (HPC), nkibikomoka kuri selile, bifite aho bihuriye nimiterere yimiti, gukomera, ingaruka zibyibushye, imiterere ya rheologiya, imirima ikoreshwa hamwe nuburyo bwo kurengera ibidukikije. Hariho itandukaniro rikomeye mubice. Bitewe nubwiza buhebuje bwamazi no kubyimba, HEC ikoreshwa cyane muburyo bushingiye kumazi, nk'imyenda, ibikoresho byubaka nibicuruzwa bya chimique bya buri munsi. HPC ifite porogaramu zidasanzwe mu bya farumasi, ibiryo ndetse n’imyenda idasanzwe bitewe no gukemuka kwayo, gukora firime no gukomeza gusohora. Guhitamo ibikomoka kuri selile ikoreshwa mubisanzwe biterwa nibisabwa bikenewe hamwe nibisabwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-29-2024