Carboxymethyl selulose (CMC) na hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC) ni bibiri bikomoka kuri selile, bikoreshwa cyane mubiribwa, ubuvuzi, kwisiga, ibikoresho byubaka nizindi nzego. Nubwo byombi biva muri selile isanzwe kandi byabonetse muguhindura imiti, hariho itandukaniro rigaragara mumiterere yimiti, imiterere ya fiziki ya chimique, imirima ikoreshwa ningaruka zikorwa.
1. Imiterere yimiti
Ibintu nyamukuru biranga carboxymethyl selulose (CMC) nuko amatsinda ya hydroxyl kuri molekile ya selile asimburwa na carboxymethyl (-CH2COOH). Ihindurwa ryimiti rituma CMC ibora cyane amazi, cyane cyane mumazi kugirango ibe igisubizo kiboneye. Ubwiza bwigisubizo cyabwo bufitanye isano rya bugufi nurwego rwo gusimbuza (urugero urugero rwo gusimbuza carboxymethyl).
Hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC) ikorwa mugusimbuza amatsinda ya hydroxyl muri selile na hydroxyethyl (-CH2CH2OH). Itsinda rya hydroxyethyl muri molekile ya HEC ryongera imbaraga zamazi hamwe na hydrophilique ya selile, kandi birashobora gukora gel mubihe bimwe. Iyi miterere ituma HEC yerekana umubyimba mwiza, guhagarikwa no gutuza mugisubizo cyamazi.
2. Imiterere yumubiri nubumara
Amazi meza:
CMC irashobora gushonga burundu mumazi akonje kandi ashyushye kugirango bibe igisubizo kiboneye cyangwa cyoroshye. Igisubizo cyacyo gifite ubukonje bwinshi, kandi ubwiza burahinduka hamwe nubushyuhe nagaciro ka pH. HEC irashobora kandi gushonga mumazi akonje kandi ashyushye, ariko ugereranije na CMC, igipimo cyayo cyo kuyasesa kiratinda kandi bisaba igihe kirekire kugirango kibe igisubizo kimwe. Igisubizo cya viscosity ya HEC ni gito, ariko gifite uburyo bwiza bwo kurwanya umunyu no gutuza.
Guhindura ibice:
Ubukonje bwa CMC bugira ingaruka byoroshye kubiciro bya pH. Ubusanzwe iba hejuru mugihe kidafite aho kibogamiye cyangwa alkaline, ariko ubukonje buzagabanuka cyane mubihe bikomeye bya acide. Ubukonje bwa HEC ntibwangizwa cyane nagaciro ka pH, bufite intera nini ya pH itajegajega, kandi burakwiriye gukoreshwa mubihe bitandukanye bya acide na alkaline.
Kurwanya umunyu:
CMC yunvikana cyane numunyu, kandi kuba umunyu bizagabanya cyane ubwiza bwumuti wabyo. Ku rundi ruhande, HEC igaragaza imbaraga zo kurwanya umunyu kandi irashobora gukomeza kugira ingaruka nziza yo kubyimba ahantu h'umunyu mwinshi. Kubwibyo, HEC ifite ibyiza bigaragara muri sisitemu isaba gukoresha umunyu.
3. Ahantu ho gusaba
Inganda zibiribwa:
CMC ikoreshwa cyane munganda zibiribwa nkibibyimbye, stabilisateur na emulifiseri. Kurugero, mubicuruzwa nka ice cream, ibinyobwa, jama, hamwe nisosi, CMC irashobora kunoza uburyohe nibihamye byibicuruzwa. HEC ni gake ikoreshwa mu nganda y'ibiribwa kandi ikoreshwa cyane mubicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bisabwa bidasanzwe, nk'ibiryo bya karori nkeya hamwe ninyongera zimirire.
Ubuvuzi no kwisiga:
CMC ikoreshwa kenshi mugutegura ibinini bisohora-ibiyobyabwenge, amazi yijisho, nibindi, kubera biocompatibilité nziza n'umutekano. HEC ikoreshwa cyane mu kwisiga nk'amavuta yo kwisiga, amavuta yo kwisiga hamwe na shampo bitewe nuburyo bwiza bwo gukora firime no gutanga amazi, bishobora gutanga ibyiyumvo byiza kandi bitanga amazi.
Ibikoresho byo kubaka:
Mu bikoresho byubwubatsi, CMC na HEC byombi birashobora gukoreshwa nkibibyimbye hamwe nogusigarana amazi, cyane cyane muri sima nibikoresho bishingiye kuri gypsumu. HEC ikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byubwubatsi kubera kurwanya umunyu mwiza no guhagarara neza, bishobora kunoza imikorere yubwubatsi nigihe kirekire cyibikoresho.
Gukuramo amavuta:
Mu gucukura peteroli, CMC, nk'inyongera yo gucukura amazi, irashobora kugenzura neza ubwiza no gutakaza amazi y'ibyondo. HEC, kubera guhangana n’umunyu mwinshi hamwe n’imiterere yabyimbye, yabaye ikintu cyingenzi mu miti y’imiti ya peteroli, ikoreshwa mu gucukura amazi no kuvunika amazi kugira ngo imikorere irusheho kuba myiza n’ubukungu.
4. Kurengera ibidukikije no kubora ibinyabuzima
CMC na HEC zombi zikomoka kuri selile naturel kandi zifite ibinyabuzima byiza kandi byangiza ibidukikije. Mu bidukikije, birashobora kwangizwa n’ibinyabuzima kugira ngo bitange ibintu bitagira ingaruka nka dioxyde de carbone n’amazi, bigabanya umwanda ku bidukikije. Byongeye kandi, kubera ko bidafite uburozi kandi butagira ingaruka, bikoreshwa cyane mubicuruzwa bihura neza numubiri wumuntu, nkibiryo, imiti nubundi kwisiga.
Nubwo carboxymethyl selulose (CMC) na hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC) byombi bikomoka kuri selile, bifite itandukaniro rikomeye mumiterere yimiti, imiterere ya fiziki-chimique, imirima ikoreshwa ningaruka zikorwa. CMC ikoreshwa cyane mu biribwa, mu buvuzi, mu kuvoma amavuta no mu zindi nzego bitewe n'ubukonje bwayo bwinshi ndetse no kwanduza ibidukikije. HEC, ariko, ikoreshwa cyane mumavuta yo kwisiga, ibikoresho byubaka, nibindi bitewe nubwiza bwumunyu mwinshi, ituze hamwe nibikorwa bya firime. Mugihe uhisemo kuyikoresha, birakenewe guhitamo ibikomoka kuri selile ikwiranye ukurikije ibintu byihariye bikoreshwa kandi bigomba kugera kubikorwa byiza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-21-2024