Cellulose ya polyanionic ni iki?

Polyanionic selile (PAC) ni inkomoko ya selile ihinduwe ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bitandukanye byinganda. Iyi polymer itandukanye ikomoka kuri selile, polyisikaride isanzwe iboneka murukuta rw'utugingo ngengabuzima. Guhindura bikubiyemo kwinjiza amatsinda ya anionic kumugongo wa selile, bityo bikongerera amazi amazi no kunoza imiterere ya rheologiya. PAC yavuyemo ifite imitungo idasanzwe ihesha agaciro inganda za peteroli na gaze, umusaruro wibiribwa, imiti, nibindi byinshi.

Cellulose ni polymer yumurongo ugizwe no gusubiramo ibice bya glucose bihujwe na β-1,4-glycosidic. Nibyinshi muri kamere kandi ni ibintu bigize urukuta rw'ibimera. Nyamara, selile naturel isanzwe ifite ubushobozi buke bwo gukama mumazi bitewe na hydrogène ikomeye ya intermolecular. Kugira ngo iyi ntsinzi igabanuke, selile ya polyanionic yashizwemo binyuze muburyo bwo guhindura imiti.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukora PAC burimo etherification cyangwa esterification reaction. Muri ubu buryo, amatsinda ya anionic, nka carboxylate cyangwa sulfonate matsinda, yinjizwa muminyururu ya selile. Ibi biha polymer kwishyuza nabi, bigatuma amazi ashonga kandi akayiha ibintu byihariye. Urwego rwo gusimbuza cyangwa umubare witsinda rya anionic kuri buri gice cya glucose birashobora guhinduka kugirango uhuze imitungo ya PAC yavuyemo kugirango wuzuze ibisabwa byihariye.

Bumwe mu buryo bukoreshwa cyane muri PAC ni mu nganda za peteroli na gaze, aho ikoreshwa nk'inyongera y'ingenzi mu gucukura amazi. Amazi yo gucukura, azwi kandi nk'icyondo, agira uruhare runini mu bikorwa byo gucukura amariba ya peteroli na gaze, harimo gukonjesha bito, gutwara ibiti hejuru, no gukomeza umutekano mwiza. Kongera PAC mumazi yo gucukura bigenzura imiterere ya rheologiya, nko kwijimisha no gutakaza amazi. Ikora nka tackifier, ikabuza ibimera gutuza no kwemeza guhagarikwa neza mumazi.

Imiterere ya rheologiya ya PAC irashobora guhuzwa neza kugirango igere kuburinganire bwifuzwa hagati yubukonje no kugenzura igihombo cyamazi. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane kubikorwa byo gucukura mubihe bitandukanye, nkibihe bitandukanye nubushyuhe. Amazi ya PAC nayo yoroha kuvanga n'amazi yo gucukura, kandi ituze ryayo murwego rwa pH irusheho kongera akamaro mumurima.

Usibye uruhare rwayo mu gucukura amazi, PAC ikoreshwa mubindi bikorwa bitandukanye. Mu nganda zibiribwa, zikoreshwa nkibyimbye na stabilisateur mubicuruzwa nko kwambara salade, amasosi n'ibikomoka ku mata. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo kongera ububobere no kugenzura imiterere ituma igira agaciro muburyo bwo gukora aho iyi mitungo ikomeye.

Uruganda rwa farumasi rukoresha kandi PAC nkibintu byangiza imiti. Irashobora gushirwa mububiko bwa tablet hamwe no kugenzura-kurekura kugirango uhindure igipimo cyo gusohora ibiyobyabwenge. Biocompatibilité hamwe n'uburozi buke bwa PAC bigira uruhare mu kwemerwa kwa farumasi.

Byongeye kandi, PAC yabonye ibisabwa muburyo bwo gutunganya amazi. Imiterere yacyo ya anionic ituma ishobora gukorana nuduce duto duto duto, ifasha kuvana umwanda mumazi. Muri iki gihe, ikora nka flocculant cyangwa coagulant, iteza imbere kwegeranya ibice kugirango byoroshye kuvanwaho nubutaka cyangwa kuyungurura.

Nubwo ikoreshwa cyane, ibibazo by’ibidukikije n’iterambere rirambye bijyanye n’umusaruro wa PAC no kujugunya bigomba gusuzumwa. Abashakashatsi ninganda bakomeje gushakisha chimie yicyatsi nubundi buryo bwa selile kugirango bakemure ibyo bibazo.

Polyanionic selulose ni urugero rwiza rwukuntu guhindura imiti bishobora guhindura polymer karemano mubikoresho byinshi hamwe nibikorwa bitandukanye. Uruhare rwayo mu nganda nka peteroli na gaze, ibiribwa na farumasi byerekana byinshi kandi bifite akamaro gakomoka ku ngirabuzimafatizo zikoreshwa mu nganda zigezweho. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga ritera imbere kandi hakenewe ibisubizo birambye bigenda byiyongera, gushakisha uburyo bwangiza ibidukikije byumusaruro wa PAC nibisabwa birashoboka ko bizakomeza gutera imbere.