Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose) ni ether ya selile ikomeye, ikoreshwa cyane mubwubatsi, ubuvuzi, ibiryo nizindi nzego, kandi ikunze kugaragara mubikoresho byubaka. Kugumana amazi ya HPMC nimwe mubintu byingenzi kandi bigira uruhare runini mugukora ibintu byinshi. Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumazi ya HPMC harimo imiterere ya molekile, urwego rwo gusimbuza, uburemere bwa molekile, gukomera, ubushyuhe bwibidukikije, inyongeramusaruro, nibindi.
1. Imiterere ya molekile
HPMC ni inkomoko ya selile ifite imiterere ya molekile igira ingaruka zikomeye ku gufata amazi. Imiterere ya molekulire ya HPMC irimo hydrophilique hydroxyl (-OH), methyl ya lipofilique (-CH₃) na hydroxypropyl (-CH₂CHOHCH₃). Umubare nogukwirakwiza ayo matsinda ya hydrophilique na lipofilique bigira ingaruka itaziguye kumikorere yo gufata amazi ya HPMC.
Uruhare rwamatsinda ya hydroxyl: Amatsinda ya Hydroxyl nitsinda rya hydrophilique rishobora gukora hydrogène ya hydrogène hamwe na molekile zamazi, bityo bigafasha kunoza amazi ya HPMC.
Uruhare rwamatsinda ya methyl na hydroxypropyl: Aya matsinda ni hydrophobique kandi arashobora kugira ingaruka kubushyuhe nubushyuhe bwa HPMC mumazi, bityo bikagira ingaruka kumikorere yo gufata amazi.
2. Impamyabumenyi yo gusimburwa
Urwego rwo gusimbuza (DS) bivuga impuzandengo yimibare ya hydroxyl yasimbuwe muri molekile ya selile. Kuri HPMC, urwego rwo gusimbuza imikorere (-OCH₃) na hydroxypropoxy (-OCH₂CHOHCH₃) mubisanzwe bireba, ni ukuvuga urwego rwo gusimbuza imikorere (MS) n'urwego rwo gusimbuza hydroxypropoxy (HP):
Urwego rwo hejuru rwo gusimbuza: Urwego rwo hejuru rwo gusimburwa, niko amatsinda ya hydrophilique HPMC afite, kandi mubyukuri nukubika amazi bizanozwa. Nyamara, urwego rwo hejuru cyane rwo gusimburwa rushobora gutuma habaho gukabya gukabije, kandi ingaruka zo gufata amazi zirashobora kugabanuka.
Urwego rwo hasi rwo gusimburwa: HPMC ifite urwego ruto rwo gusimburwa rufite ubushobozi buke bwo gufata amazi, ariko imiterere y'urusobe rwashizweho irashobora kuba ihamye, bityo igakomeza gufata neza amazi.
Guhindura urwego rwo gusimburwa murwego runaka birashobora guhindura uburyo bwo gufata amazi ya HPMC. Impamyabumenyi isanzwe isimburwa ni 19-30% kuri mikorerexy na 4-12% kuri hydroxypropoxy.
3. Uburemere bwa molekile
Uburemere bwa molekuline ya HPMC bugira ingaruka zikomeye ku gufata amazi:
Uburemere buke bwa molekuline: HPMC ifite uburemere buke bwa molekile ifite iminyururu ndende kandi ikora imiterere y'urusobekerane, rushobora kwakira no kugumana amazi menshi, bityo bigatuma amazi agumana.
Uburemere buke bwa molekuline: HPMC ifite uburemere buke bwa molekile ifite molekile ngufi kandi ifite ubushobozi buke bwo gufata amazi, ariko ifite imbaraga zo gukemura neza kandi irakwiriye kubisabwa bisaba guseswa vuba.
Mubisanzwe, uburemere bwa molekuline ya HPMC ikoreshwa mubikoresho byo kubaka iri hagati ya 80.000 na 200.000.
4. Gukemura
Ububasha bwa HPMC bugira ingaruka ku buryo bwo kubika amazi. Gukemura neza bifasha HPMC gutatana byuzuye muri matrix, bityo bigakora imiterere imwe igumana amazi. Gukemura bigira ingaruka kuri:
Ubushyuhe bwo kugabanuka: HPMC ishonga buhoro mumazi akonje, ariko igashonga vuba mumazi ashyushye. Nyamara, ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane buzatera HPMC gushonga cyane, bigira ingaruka kumiterere yabyo.
agaciro ka pH: HPMC yunvikana kubiciro bya pH kandi ifite imbaraga zo gukemura neza mubutabogamye cyangwa acide nkeya. Irashobora gutesha agaciro cyangwa kugabanya gukemuka munsi ya pH ikabije.
5. Ubushyuhe bwibidukikije
Ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka zikomeye ku gufata amazi ya HPMC:
Ubushyuhe buke: Ku bushyuhe buke, imbaraga za HPMC ziragabanuka, ariko ubukonje buri hejuru, bushobora gukora imiterere ihamye yo kubika amazi.
Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru: Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwihutisha iseswa rya HPMC, ariko birashobora kwangiza imiterere igumana amazi kandi bikagira ingaruka ku kubika amazi. Mubisanzwe, gufata neza amazi birashobora kuguma munsi ya 40 ℃.
6. Inyongera
HPMC ikoreshwa kenshi hamwe nibindi byongewe mubikorwa bifatika. Izi nyongeramusaruro zirashobora kugira ingaruka kumazi ya HPMC:
Plastiseri: nka glycerol na Ethylene glycol, zishobora kunoza imiterere no gufata amazi ya HPMC.
Abuzuza: nka gypsumu nifu ya quartz, bizagira ingaruka kumazi ya HPMC kandi bihindure imiterere yabyo no kuyasesa muguhuza HPMC.
7. Ibisabwa
Imikorere yo gufata amazi ya HPMC nayo izagira ingaruka mubihe bitandukanye byo gusaba:
Imiterere yubwubatsi: nkigihe cyo kubaka, ubushuhe bwibidukikije, nibindi bizagira ingaruka kumazi yo gufata amazi ya HPMC.
Umubare w'ikoreshwa: Ingano ya HPMC igira ingaruka ku kubika amazi. Mubisanzwe, HPMC ifite ibipimo byinshi byerekana ingaruka nziza yo gufata amazi muri sima ya sima nibindi bikoresho.
Hariho ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kumazi ya HPMC, harimo imiterere ya molekile, urugero rwo gusimbuza, uburemere bwa molekile, gukomera, ubushyuhe bwibidukikije, inyongeramusaruro, nuburyo bukoreshwa. Mugihe cyo gusaba, muguhitamo neza no guhindura ibyo bintu, imikorere yo gufata amazi ya HPMC irashobora gutezimbere kugirango ihuze ibikenewe mumirima itandukanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-24-2024